ἐπικαλέω

English (LSJ)

   A summon a god to a sacrifice or as witness to an oath, etc., invoke, θεόν Hdt.2.39, 3.8, al.; ἐπὶ δὲ κάλεσον Ἄρτεμιν Ar.Lys. 1280, cf. Act.Ap.7.59, etc.; ἐ. θεόν τινι invoke a god over one, to be gracious to him, Hdt.1.199; or, watch over his good faith, Id.3.65:— Med.,Id.1.87, al., X.HG2.3.55, al.; ἐπικαλεσάμενος τὸν θεόν OGI194.18 (Egypt, i B.C.).    b. pray for, πρὸ καιροῦ τὸν θάνατον PLond.5.1676.24 (vi A.D.).    2. invite, γέροντας ἐπὶ πλέονας καλέσαντες Od. 7.189:—Med., Hdt.1.187, al.    II. Med., call in as a helper or ally, ἐπικαλεῖσθαί τινα σύμμαχον Id.8.64, cf. Th.1.101: c.inf., Hdt. 1.87; ἐ. τοὺς κεκμηκότας μὴ γενέσθαι Th.3.59; ἐ. ἐκ Θεσσαλίης ἐπικουρίην Hdt.5.63.    2. call in as witness, μάρτυρας ἐ. τινάς Antipho 1.30, cf. Pl.Lg.664c: c.inf., ἐ. θεοὺς . . καθορᾶν τὰ γιγνόμενα X.HG2.3.55: with neut. Adj., ταῦτα ἐ. Hdt.9.62.    b. appeal to, σύνεσιν καὶ παιδείαν D.18.127 (hence, = Lat.appello, provoco, Plu.Marc.2; τὸν δῆμον ἀπὸ τῶν δικαστῶν Id.TG16; Καίσαρα Act.Ap.25.11).    3. call before one, summon, of the Ephors, Hdt.5.39.    4. challenge, ib.1.    III. call by surname, Δίων ὃν ἐπεκάλουν Χρυσόστομον Eun. VSp.454 B.:—more freq. Pass., to be called by surname, ἐπεκλήθησαν Κεκροπίδαι Hdt.8.44; to be nicknamed, Ἀριστόδημον τὸν μικρὸν ἐπικαλούμενον X.Mem.1.4.2, cf. HG2.3.31; also τὸ ὄνομα ἐπικέκληταί σοι LXX De.28.10; ἐπικληθήσεται ἐν αὐτοῖς τὸ ὄνομάμου ib.Ge.48.16.    IV. bring as an accusation against, τινί τι Th.1.139, 4.133, cf. Isoc.12.9; ἐ. τινί, c. inf., accuse one of doing, Th.2.27, cf. Antipho 3.1.1; ἐ. τὴν ἀπόστασιν ὅτι . . ἐποιήσαντο Th.3.36; ἐ. τινὶ πάντα ὅσα ἠδίκητο D.C. 37.6; ταῦτ' ἐπικαλεῖς; is this your charge? Ar.Pax663; ἐ. ἀρχαιότητα objecting to its obsoleteness, Pl.Lg.657b: abs., ἐπικαλείτω let him bring his action, SIG45.17 (Halic., v B.C.); ὁ ἐπικαλῶν the plaintiff, PHal.1.216 (iii B.C.):—Pass., τὰ ἐπικαλεύμενα χρήματα the money imputed to him, i.e. which he was charged with having, Hdt.2.118 (but τὰ ἐπικαλούμενα the sums claimed, PPetr.2p.108 (iii B.C.), and so in Act. λείαν ἐ.ib.3p.185); περὶ δανείου PGrenf.2.31.15 (ii B.C.).    2. c. dat. pers. only, ἐπικαλεῖν τινί quarrel, dispute with, ἀλλήλοις Pl.Lg.766e.

German (Pape)

[Seite 945] (s. καλέω), 1) herbeirufen; in tmesi, Hom. γέροντας ἐπὶ πλέονας καλέσαντες, Od. 7, 189, wie Ar. Lys. 1280 ἐπὶ δὲ κάλεσον Ἄρτεμιν; so θεόν, anrufen, Her. 2, 39; τινί, für Jem., 1, 199 u. Sp. Häufiger so im med., Λακεδαιμονίους ἐπεκαλοῦντο καὶ ἐπαμύνειν ἐκέλευον Thuc. 1, 101, öfter, wie Her., z. B. ἐπεκαλέοντο αὐτοὺς ἐπὶ γῆς ἀναδασμῷ 4, 159; βασιλέα ἐπὶ τὴν Ἑλλάδα 7, 6; ἐπικαλεόμενοί σφιν βοηθέειν 5, 80, τινὰς συμμάχους, zu Bundesgenossen, 8, 64, wie τὸν Παιᾶνα μάρτυρα, zum Zeugen anrufen, Plat. Legg. II, 664 c; öfter θεοὺς ἐπικαλεῖσθαι, die Götter anrufen, Tim. 27 c; θεοὺς ἐπεκαλεῖτο καθορᾶν τὰ γιγνόμενα Xen. Hell. 2, 3, 23. – Auch = vorladen, von den Ephoren, Her. 5, 39. – An Jemand appelliren, sich auf ihn berufen, τοὺς δημάρχους Plut. Marcell. 2, τὸν δῆμον ἀπὸ τῶν δικαστῶν Tib. Gr. 16. – 2) zurufen, bes. benennen, mit einem Beinamen versehen, ἐπεκλήθησαν Κεκροπίδαι Her. 8, 44; Σαϊτικὸς ἐπικαλούμενος νομός Plat. Tim. 21 b; ὄνομα ὕμνοι ἐπεκαλοῦντο Legg. III, 700 b; Xen. u. A. – Dah. τί τινι, Einem Etwas vorwerfen, Ar. Pax 663; οὐκ ἐπικαλῶ ἑκόντα ἀποκτεῖναι Antiph. 3 α 1; im pass., ibd. β 5; ἐπικαλέσαντες τοῦ πολέμου σφίσιν αἰτίους εἶναι Thuc. 2, 27; τὴν ἀπόστασιν ὅτι ἐποιήσαντο 3, 36; ὅσα ἂν ἕτερος ἑτέρῳ ἐπικαλῇ Plat. Legg. VI, 761 e; öfter bei den Rednern; – τὰ ἐπικαλούμενα, die Vorwürfe, Isocr. 11, 44; τὰ ἐπικαλεύμενα χρήματα, die Schätze, wegen deren Einer angeklagt wird, Her. 2, 118.

French (Bailly abrégé)

-ῶ :
I. appeler à soi :
1 invoquer, en gén. faire appel;
2 appeler en témoignage;
II. surnommer;
III. accuser : τινί τι porter une accusation contre qqn ; τινι faire un reproche à qqn, accuser qqn ; τι reprocher qch, accuser de qch ; τὰ ἐπικαλούμενα ce dont on accuse, ce qu’on reproche;
Moy. ἐπικαλέομαι-οῦμαι;
1 invoquer, acc. ; en gén. appeler à son secours ; συμμάχους HDT comme alliés ; avec un inf., supplier ou conjurer de;
2 citer à comparaître, assigner;
3 en appeler à;
4 réclamer.
Étymologie: ἐπί, καλέω.

English (Thayer)

ἐπικαλῶ: 1st aorist ἐπεκαλεσα; (passive and middle, present ἐπικαλοῦμαι); perfect passive ἐπικέκλημαι; pluperfect 3rd person singular ἐπεκέκλητο, and with neglect of augment (cf. Winer s Grammar, § 12,5; Buttmann, 33 (29)) ἐπικεκλητο (ἐπεκλήθην; future middle ἐπικαλέσομαι; 1st aorist middle ἐπεκαλεσάμην; the Sept. very often for קָרָא;
1. to put a name upon, to surname: τινα (Xenophon, Plato, others), G T Tr WH ( ἐκάλεσαν); passive ὁ ἐπικαλούμενος, he who is surnamed, R G L; R G; also ὅς ἐπικαλεῖται, ὁ ἐπικληθείς, R G); ὅς ἐπεκλήθη, Winer s Grammar, § 38,3), to permit oneself to be surnamed: τινα: εἰ πατέρα ἐπικαλεῖσθε τόν etc. i. e. if ye call (for yourselves) on him as father, i. e. if ye surname him your father.
2. ἐπικαλεῖται τό ὄνομα τίνος ἐπί τινα, after the Hebrew פ עַל פ... שֵׁם נִקְרָא..., "the name of one is named upon some one, i. e. he is called by his name or declared to be dedicated to him" (cf. Gesenius, Thesaurus iii., p. 1232 a): the people of God); οἱ τοῦ Χριστοῦ).
3. τίνι with the accusative of the object; properly, to call something to one (cf. English to cry out upon (or against) one); "to charge something to one as a crime or reproach; to summon one on any charge, prosecute one for a crime; to blame one for, accuse one of" (Aristophanes pax 663; Thucydides 2,27; 3,36; Plato, legg. 6,761e.; 7,809e.; Dio Cass. 36,28; 40,41and often in the orators (cf. under the word κατηγορέω)): εἰ τῷ οἰκοδεσπότῃ Βηλζεβουλ ἐπεκάλεσαν (i. e. accused of commerce with Beelzebul, of receiving his help, cf. πόσῳ μᾶλλον τοῖς ὀικιακοις αὐτοῦ, L WH marginal reading after Vat. (see 1above), a reading defended by Rettig in the Studien und Kritiken for 1838, p. 477ff and by Alexander Buttmann (1873) in the same journal for 1860, p. 343, and also in his N. T. Gram. 151 (132); (also by Weiss in Meyer edition 7 at the passage). But this expression (Beelzebul for the help of Beelzebul) is too hard not to be suggestive of the emendation of some ignorant scribe, who took offence because (with the exception of this passage) the enemies of Jesus are nowhere in the Gospels said to have called him by the name of Beelzebul.
4. to call upon (like German anrufen), to invoke; middle, to call upon for oneself, in one's behalf: anyone as a helper, τόν κύριον Ἰησοῦν (βοηθόν, Plato, Euthyd., p. 297c.; Diodorus 5,79); τινα μάρτυρα, as my witness, Plato, legg. 2,664c.); as a Judges , i. e. to appeal to one, make appeal unto: Καίσαρα, τόν Σεβαστόν, יְהוָה בְּשֵׁם קָרָא to call upon by pronouncing the name of Jehovah, קָרָא); an expression finding its explanation in the fact that prayers addressed to God ordinarily began with an invocation of the divine name: ἐπικαλοῦμαι τό ὄνομα τοῦ κυρίου, I call upon (on my behalf) the name of the Lord, i. e. to invoke, adore, worship, the Lord, i. e. Christ: τόν κύριον, ἐπικαλεῖσθαι τούς Θεούς, as Xenophon, Cyril 7,1, 35; Plato, Tim., p. 27c.; Polybius 15,1, 13).