μάχομαι: Difference between revisions
Κρεῖττον σιωπᾶν ἐστιν ἢ λαλεῖν μάτην → Silentium anteferendum est vaniloquentiae → Das Schweigen übertrifft vergebliches Geschwätz
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|Definition=[ᾰ], Ion. pres. opt. <span class="sense"><p> <span class="bld">A</span> μαχέοιτο <span class="bibl">Il.1.272</span>, <b class="b3">μαχέοιντο</b> ib.<span class="bibl">344</span> (v.l. [[μαχέονται]]); part. <b class="b3">μαχεόμενος</b> v.l. in <span class="bibl">Hdt.7.104</span> (elsewh. <b class="b3">μαχόμενος</b>, <span class="bibl">9.75</span>,al.); Ep. μαχειόμενος <span class="bibl">Od.17.471</span>, μαχεούμενος <span class="bibl">11.403</span>, <span class="bibl">24.113</span>: Ep.impf. μαχέσκετο <span class="bibl">Il.7.140</span>: fut. μαχήσομαι <span class="bibl">23.621</span>, <span class="bibl">Hdt.7.209</span>; <b class="b3">μαχέσομαι, δια-μαχεσόμεθα</b> (as v.l.) <span class="bibl">Id.9.48</span>; also in late Prose, <span class="bibl">J.<span class="title">AJ</span> 11.8.3</span>, Plu.2.215f; μαχοῦμαι <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">OC</span>837</span>, <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Pl.</span>1076</span>, etc., <b class="b3">μαχεῖται</b> even in <span class="bibl">Il.20.26</span>, but μαχέονται <span class="bibl">2.366</span>; Ep. <b class="b3">μαχέσσομαι</b> v.l. for [[μαχήσομαι]] <span class="bibl">1.298</span>: aor. ἐμαχεσάμην <span class="bibl">Hdt.1.18</span>, etc.; opt. μαχέσαιο <span class="bibl">Il.6.329</span>; inf. μαχέσασθαι <span class="bibl">17.178</span>, also μαχέσσασθαι <span class="bibl">15.633</span>; opt. μαχεσσαίμεσθα <span class="bibl">Theoc.22.74</span>; part. μαχεσσαμένω <span class="bibl">Il.1.304</span>; later μαχήσασθαι <span class="bibl">Paus.1.27.1</span>, (<b class="b3">ἀνα</b>-) <span class="bibl">D.S.19.93</span>: pf. μεμάχημαι <span class="bibl">Th.7.43</span>, <span class="bibl">Lys.7.41</span>, <span class="bibl">Isoc.6.54</span>: late aor. ἐμαχέσθην Plu.2.970f, <span class="bibl">Paus.5.4.9</span>: fut. <b class="b3">μαχεσθήσομαι</b> only Sch.rec.<span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Th.</span>672</span>:—<b class="b2">fight</b>, Hom., etc.; ὑσμῖνι μ. <span class="bibl">Il.2.863</span>; <b class="b3">πολεμίζειν ἠδὲ μ</b>. ib.<span class="bibl">452</span>, etc.; μάχην μ. <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">Ages.</span>5.5</span>: in Hom. mostly of armies and persons fighting as parts of armies, but sts. of single combat, <span class="bibl">Il.3.91</span>,<span class="bibl">433</span>, <span class="bibl">7.51</span>, <span class="bibl">111</span>,<span class="bibl">279</span>, <span class="bibl">Od.18.31</span>,<span class="bibl">39</span>; between men and beasts, <span class="bibl">Il.15.633</span>, <span class="bibl">Od.20.15</span>; between beasts, <span class="bibl">Il.16.824</span>:—Constr.: c. dat. pers., <b class="b2">fight with</b>, i. e. <b class="b2">against</b>, one, ἀνδράσιν ἶφι μ. <span class="bibl">Il.1.151</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">Ph.</span> 1253</span>, etc.; <b class="b3">μ. ἀντία, ἐναντίον τινός</b>, <span class="bibl">Il.20.88</span>,<span class="bibl">97</span>; ἐπί τινι <span class="bibl">5.124</span>, etc.; πρός τινα <span class="bibl">17.471</span>, but <b class="b3">πρὸς δαίμονα</b> <b class="b2">against</b> heaven's will, ib.<span class="bibl">98</span> (in Att. Prose, mostly c. dat. or πρός, μ. τοῖς πολεμίοις <span class="bibl">D.4.47</span>; πρὸς ἀλλήλους <span class="bibl">Isoc.4.116</span>); <b class="b3">μ. σὺν σοί, . . θεά</b>, <b class="b2">with thy help</b>, <span class="bibl">Od.13.390</span>; <b class="b3">μετὰ πρώτοισι μ</b>. among the foremost, <span class="bibl">Il.5.575</span>; <b class="b3">μετὰ Βοιωτῶν μ</b>. with them, in their ranks, <span class="bibl">13.700</span>; πρός τινας μετ' ἀλλήλων <span class="bibl">Isoc. 10.53</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Smp.</span>179a</span>; <b class="b3">κατὰ σφέας γὰρ μαχέονται</b> <b class="b2">will fight</b> by themselves, <span class="bibl">Il.2.366</span> (but <b class="b3">κατ' ἕνα μ</b>. <b class="b2">fight</b> in single combat, <span class="bibl">Hdt. 7.104</span>); <b class="b3">μ. πρό τινος</b> before him: hence, metaph., for him, in his defence, <span class="bibl">Il.4.156</span>, <span class="bibl">8.56</span>, <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">HG</span>5.4.33</span>, etc.; ὑπὲρ τοῦ νόμου <span class="bibl">Heraclit. 44</span>; πάτρας ὕπερ <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Ph.</span>1002</span>; Ἕλλησιν ὑπὲρ Ἑλλήνων <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Mx.</span>239b</span>; περὶ δαιτί <span class="bibl">Od.2.245</span>; but later usu. <b class="b3">περί τινος</b>, <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Supp.</span>740</span>, <span class="bibl">Cratin. 163</span>, <span class="bibl">Hdt.1.95</span>; ἀμφί τινι <span class="bibl">Il.3.70</span>,<span class="bibl">91</span>; ἀμφὶ νέκυι <span class="bibl">16.565</span>; εἵνεκά τινος <span class="bibl">2.377</span>: c. dat. instrum., <b class="b3">τόξοισι, πελέκεσσι μ</b>., <span class="bibl">7.140</span>, <span class="bibl">15.711</span> (<b class="b3">χερσὶ μαχέσσασθαι</b>, of boxers, <span class="bibl">Od.18.39</span>); <b class="b3">μ. ἀπ' ἵππου</b> <b class="b2">fight</b> from horseback, <span class="bibl">Hdt.9.63</span>; <b class="b3">τὸ μήπω μεμαχημένον</b> <b class="b2">the force that had</b> not yet <b class="b2">come into action</b>, <span class="bibl">Th.7.43</span>. </span><span class="sense"> <span class="bld">2</span> c. acc., <b class="b2">fight against</b>, only f.l. in <span class="bibl">Philostr.<span class="title">Im.</span> 2.23</span>. </span><span class="sense"> <span class="bld">II</span> generally, <b class="b2">quarrel, wrangle</b>, ἔριδι μ. <span class="bibl">Il.1.8</span>; <b class="b3">μ. ἐπέεσσιν</b> ib.<span class="bibl">304</span>, etc.; τινι <span class="bibl">5.875</span>, <span class="bibl">13.118</span>; <b class="b3">τῷ παιδὶ μ</b>. <b class="b2">make a scene</b> with... <span class="bibl">Thphr.<span class="title">Char.</span>23.8</span>; <b class="b2">dispute, argue</b>, περί τι μ. <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">R.</span>342d</span>, etc. </span><span class="sense"> <span class="bld">III</span> <b class="b2">contend for the mastery</b> in games, etc., πὺξ μ. <span class="bibl">Il.23.621</span>; <b class="b2">measure oneself with</b> or <b class="b2">against</b>, τινι <span class="bibl">1.272</span>; παγκράτιον μ. <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">V.</span>1190</span>, <span class="bibl">1195</span>; μ. Ὀλυμπιάδα <span class="bibl">Philostr.<span class="title">Gym.</span>21</span>. </span><span class="sense"> <span class="bld">IV</span> after Hom., <b class="b2">struggle against</b> a force, ἀνάγκᾳ δ' οὐδὲ θεοὶ μ. <span class="bibl">Simon.5.21</span>; ὄμβρῳ Alc.<span class="title">Supp.</span>26.4; πρὸς ἡνίας μ. <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Pr.</span>1010</span>; πρὸς ἐπιθυμίας ἢ ἡδονάς <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">La.</span>191e</span>; <b class="b3">μ. τῷ λιμῷ, τῷ δίψει</b>, <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">Cyr.</span>3.1.5</span>. </span><span class="sense"> <span class="bld">V</span> c. inf., <b class="b2">struggle, make an effort</b> to do, <span class="bibl">Arist.<span class="title">HA</span>552a23</span>. </span><span class="sense"> <span class="bld">VI</span> of arguments, propositions, etc., <b class="b2">to be in contradiction</b> or <b class="b2">inconsistent</b>, τρία ὁμολογήματα μ. αὐτὰ αὑτοῖς <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Tht.</span> 155b</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">Plb.16.28.4</span>; μαχόμενα Phld.<span class="title">Mus.</span>p.95 K., <span class="bibl">S.E.<span class="title">P.</span>1.198</span>, al.</span> | |Definition=[ᾰ], Ion. pres. opt. <span class="sense"><p> <span class="bld">A</span> μαχέοιτο <span class="bibl">Il.1.272</span>, <b class="b3">μαχέοιντο</b> ib.<span class="bibl">344</span> (v.l. [[μαχέονται]]); part. <b class="b3">μαχεόμενος</b> v.l. in <span class="bibl">Hdt.7.104</span> (elsewh. <b class="b3">μαχόμενος</b>, <span class="bibl">9.75</span>,al.); Ep. μαχειόμενος <span class="bibl">Od.17.471</span>, μαχεούμενος <span class="bibl">11.403</span>, <span class="bibl">24.113</span>: Ep.impf. μαχέσκετο <span class="bibl">Il.7.140</span>: fut. μαχήσομαι <span class="bibl">23.621</span>, <span class="bibl">Hdt.7.209</span>; <b class="b3">μαχέσομαι, δια-μαχεσόμεθα</b> (as v.l.) <span class="bibl">Id.9.48</span>; also in late Prose, <span class="bibl">J.<span class="title">AJ</span> 11.8.3</span>, Plu.2.215f; μαχοῦμαι <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">OC</span>837</span>, <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Pl.</span>1076</span>, etc., <b class="b3">μαχεῖται</b> even in <span class="bibl">Il.20.26</span>, but μαχέονται <span class="bibl">2.366</span>; Ep. <b class="b3">μαχέσσομαι</b> v.l. for [[μαχήσομαι]] <span class="bibl">1.298</span>: aor. ἐμαχεσάμην <span class="bibl">Hdt.1.18</span>, etc.; opt. μαχέσαιο <span class="bibl">Il.6.329</span>; inf. μαχέσασθαι <span class="bibl">17.178</span>, also μαχέσσασθαι <span class="bibl">15.633</span>; opt. μαχεσσαίμεσθα <span class="bibl">Theoc.22.74</span>; part. μαχεσσαμένω <span class="bibl">Il.1.304</span>; later μαχήσασθαι <span class="bibl">Paus.1.27.1</span>, (<b class="b3">ἀνα</b>-) <span class="bibl">D.S.19.93</span>: pf. μεμάχημαι <span class="bibl">Th.7.43</span>, <span class="bibl">Lys.7.41</span>, <span class="bibl">Isoc.6.54</span>: late aor. ἐμαχέσθην Plu.2.970f, <span class="bibl">Paus.5.4.9</span>: fut. <b class="b3">μαχεσθήσομαι</b> only Sch.rec.<span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Th.</span>672</span>:—<b class="b2">fight</b>, Hom., etc.; ὑσμῖνι μ. <span class="bibl">Il.2.863</span>; <b class="b3">πολεμίζειν ἠδὲ μ</b>. ib.<span class="bibl">452</span>, etc.; μάχην μ. <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">Ages.</span>5.5</span>: in Hom. mostly of armies and persons fighting as parts of armies, but sts. of single combat, <span class="bibl">Il.3.91</span>,<span class="bibl">433</span>, <span class="bibl">7.51</span>, <span class="bibl">111</span>,<span class="bibl">279</span>, <span class="bibl">Od.18.31</span>,<span class="bibl">39</span>; between men and beasts, <span class="bibl">Il.15.633</span>, <span class="bibl">Od.20.15</span>; between beasts, <span class="bibl">Il.16.824</span>:—Constr.: c. dat. pers., <b class="b2">fight with</b>, i. e. <b class="b2">against</b>, one, ἀνδράσιν ἶφι μ. <span class="bibl">Il.1.151</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">Ph.</span> 1253</span>, etc.; <b class="b3">μ. ἀντία, ἐναντίον τινός</b>, <span class="bibl">Il.20.88</span>,<span class="bibl">97</span>; ἐπί τινι <span class="bibl">5.124</span>, etc.; πρός τινα <span class="bibl">17.471</span>, but <b class="b3">πρὸς δαίμονα</b> <b class="b2">against</b> heaven's will, ib.<span class="bibl">98</span> (in Att. Prose, mostly c. dat. or πρός, μ. τοῖς πολεμίοις <span class="bibl">D.4.47</span>; πρὸς ἀλλήλους <span class="bibl">Isoc.4.116</span>); <b class="b3">μ. σὺν σοί, . . θεά</b>, <b class="b2">with thy help</b>, <span class="bibl">Od.13.390</span>; <b class="b3">μετὰ πρώτοισι μ</b>. among the foremost, <span class="bibl">Il.5.575</span>; <b class="b3">μετὰ Βοιωτῶν μ</b>. with them, in their ranks, <span class="bibl">13.700</span>; πρός τινας μετ' ἀλλήλων <span class="bibl">Isoc. 10.53</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Smp.</span>179a</span>; <b class="b3">κατὰ σφέας γὰρ μαχέονται</b> <b class="b2">will fight</b> by themselves, <span class="bibl">Il.2.366</span> (but <b class="b3">κατ' ἕνα μ</b>. <b class="b2">fight</b> in single combat, <span class="bibl">Hdt. 7.104</span>); <b class="b3">μ. πρό τινος</b> before him: hence, metaph., for him, in his defence, <span class="bibl">Il.4.156</span>, <span class="bibl">8.56</span>, <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">HG</span>5.4.33</span>, etc.; ὑπὲρ τοῦ νόμου <span class="bibl">Heraclit. 44</span>; πάτρας ὕπερ <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Ph.</span>1002</span>; Ἕλλησιν ὑπὲρ Ἑλλήνων <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Mx.</span>239b</span>; περὶ δαιτί <span class="bibl">Od.2.245</span>; but later usu. <b class="b3">περί τινος</b>, <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Supp.</span>740</span>, <span class="bibl">Cratin. 163</span>, <span class="bibl">Hdt.1.95</span>; ἀμφί τινι <span class="bibl">Il.3.70</span>,<span class="bibl">91</span>; ἀμφὶ νέκυι <span class="bibl">16.565</span>; εἵνεκά τινος <span class="bibl">2.377</span>: c. dat. instrum., <b class="b3">τόξοισι, πελέκεσσι μ</b>., <span class="bibl">7.140</span>, <span class="bibl">15.711</span> (<b class="b3">χερσὶ μαχέσσασθαι</b>, of boxers, <span class="bibl">Od.18.39</span>); <b class="b3">μ. ἀπ' ἵππου</b> <b class="b2">fight</b> from horseback, <span class="bibl">Hdt.9.63</span>; <b class="b3">τὸ μήπω μεμαχημένον</b> <b class="b2">the force that had</b> not yet <b class="b2">come into action</b>, <span class="bibl">Th.7.43</span>. </span><span class="sense"> <span class="bld">2</span> c. acc., <b class="b2">fight against</b>, only f.l. in <span class="bibl">Philostr.<span class="title">Im.</span> 2.23</span>. </span><span class="sense"> <span class="bld">II</span> generally, <b class="b2">quarrel, wrangle</b>, ἔριδι μ. <span class="bibl">Il.1.8</span>; <b class="b3">μ. ἐπέεσσιν</b> ib.<span class="bibl">304</span>, etc.; τινι <span class="bibl">5.875</span>, <span class="bibl">13.118</span>; <b class="b3">τῷ παιδὶ μ</b>. <b class="b2">make a scene</b> with... <span class="bibl">Thphr.<span class="title">Char.</span>23.8</span>; <b class="b2">dispute, argue</b>, περί τι μ. <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">R.</span>342d</span>, etc. </span><span class="sense"> <span class="bld">III</span> <b class="b2">contend for the mastery</b> in games, etc., πὺξ μ. <span class="bibl">Il.23.621</span>; <b class="b2">measure oneself with</b> or <b class="b2">against</b>, τινι <span class="bibl">1.272</span>; παγκράτιον μ. <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">V.</span>1190</span>, <span class="bibl">1195</span>; μ. Ὀλυμπιάδα <span class="bibl">Philostr.<span class="title">Gym.</span>21</span>. </span><span class="sense"> <span class="bld">IV</span> after Hom., <b class="b2">struggle against</b> a force, ἀνάγκᾳ δ' οὐδὲ θεοὶ μ. <span class="bibl">Simon.5.21</span>; ὄμβρῳ Alc.<span class="title">Supp.</span>26.4; πρὸς ἡνίας μ. <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Pr.</span>1010</span>; πρὸς ἐπιθυμίας ἢ ἡδονάς <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">La.</span>191e</span>; <b class="b3">μ. τῷ λιμῷ, τῷ δίψει</b>, <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">Cyr.</span>3.1.5</span>. </span><span class="sense"> <span class="bld">V</span> c. inf., <b class="b2">struggle, make an effort</b> to do, <span class="bibl">Arist.<span class="title">HA</span>552a23</span>. </span><span class="sense"> <span class="bld">VI</span> of arguments, propositions, etc., <b class="b2">to be in contradiction</b> or <b class="b2">inconsistent</b>, τρία ὁμολογήματα μ. αὐτὰ αὑτοῖς <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Tht.</span> 155b</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">Plb.16.28.4</span>; μαχόμενα Phld.<span class="title">Mus.</span>p.95 K., <span class="bibl">S.E.<span class="title">P.</span>1.198</span>, al.</span> | ||
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|ptext=[[https://www.translatum.gr/images/pape/pape-02-0103.png Seite 103]] ion. μαχέομαι, u. ep. auch μαχείομαι, im part., s. oben, μαχέσκετο, Il. 7, 140; fut. μαχέσομαι, Her. 7, 209 u. Sp., wie D. Hal. 3, 58 S. Emp. adv. math. 7, 422, u. ep., wo es der Vers fordert, μαχέσσομαι oder μαχήσομαι, att. μαχοῦμαι, auch μαχεῖται, Il. 20, 26, wo es falsch als ion. praes. genommen wird; vgl. μαχέονται, 2, 366; aor. ἐμαχεσάμην, ep. des Verses wegen auch μαχέσσασθαι oder μαχήσασθαι, letztere Form hat Wolf überall im Hom. vorgezogen, wie im fut. μαχήσομαι; perf. μεμάχημαι, Thuc. 7, 43, Isocr. 6, 54, Lys. 7, 41; μεμάχεσμαι, zw., Xen. Cyr. 7, 1, 14; bei Apolld. u. Sp. auch der aor. ἐμαχέσθην, vgl. Lob. zu Phryn. 732; adj. verb. [[μαχετέον]] u. [[μαχητέον]], wie z. B. die Lesart schwankt bei Plat. Soph. 249 c; – <b class="b2">streiten</b>, kämpfen, bes. im Kriege, in der Schlacht, gegen Einen, mit einem Gegner, Hom. und Folgde überall, gew. τινί, z. B. ἀνδράσι παυροτέροισι, Il. 2, 121; οὔτ' ἄρα Τρωσίν, ἀλλὰ σοὶ μαχούμεθα, Soph. Phil. 1237; El. 1363; Her. u. sonsi in Prosa; μυρίοι ἑκάστοτέ σοι μάχονται, Plat. Theaet. 170 d; ὃς ἂν μάχηται τοῖς πολεμίοις, Lach. 191 a; οἴει γὰρ σοὶ μαχεῖσθαι τὸν ἀδελφόν, Xen. An. 1, 7, 9. – Auch [[ἀντία]], [[ἐναντίον]] τινός, gegen Einen, Il. 20, 88. 97; – ἐπί τινι, Il. 5, 124. 244. 20, 26; – [[πρός]] τινα, Il. 17, 98. 471, vgl. βιάζῃ καὶ πρὸς ἡνίας μάχῃ Aesch. Prom. 1012; Plat. Legg. XI, 919 b; πρὸς ἐπι θυμίας, Lach. 191 d; – μετ' [[ἀλλήλων]], Plat. Conv. 178 e; – [[περί]] τινος, um Etwas kämpfen, Aesch. Suppl. 721; Her. u. sonst in Prosa, wie Plat. Rep. III, 407 a; auch ἐπεχείρει περὶ αὐτὰ μάχεσθαι, ib. I, 342 d; und [[περί]] τινι, Il. 16, 568 Od. 2, 245, wie [[ἀμφί]] τινι, Il. 3, 70. 16, 565; – εἵνεκά τινος, Il. 2, 377; – π ρό τινος, eigtl. wie [[πρόσθε]] vom Orte, vor Jem. kämpfen, aber auch für ihn, zu seinem Schutze, Il. 4, 156. 8, 57; [[ὑπέρ]] τινος, zu Jem. Besten, Plat. Menex. 239 b; – σύν τινι, unter Jemandes Beistand, bes. σὺν θεοῖς, unter der Götter Schutz kämpfen, Od. 13, 390, u. in Prosa; – μετὰ πρώτοισι u. ἐν πρώτοισι μάχεσθαι, unter den Vordersten kämpfen, Il. 5, 575; μετὰ Βοιωτῶν, mit den Böotern verbündet, 13, 700. – Die Waffe, womit man kämpft, steht oft im dat. dabei, τόξοις, πελέκεσσι, u. ä., auch χείρεσσι. – Hom. sagt es auch von Thieren, von Hunden, Od. 20, 15, von Löwen, Il. 20, 171. Auch vom Zweikampfe zwischen einzelnen Streitern, Il. 3, 91. 435. 19, 153, zwischen einem Menschen u. einem Thiere, 15, 633, zwischen zwei Thieren, 16, 824; vom Wettkampfe, πὺξ μ., 23, 621, wie [[παγκράτιον]] μ., Ar. Vesp. 1191; sich mit Einem messen, es mit ihm aufnehmen, Il. 1, 272 Od. 17, 31; wetteifern, c. inf., Arist. H. A. 5, 19. – Allgemeiner, zanken, streiten, Il. 1, 8. 6, 329, ἐπέεσσι, mit Worten streiten, 1, 304. 2, 377. Daher auch = Einem widerstreiten, widersprechen, als Feind, τινί, Il. 5, 875. 9, 32; [[τρία]] ὁμολογήματα μάχεται αὐτὰ αὑτοῖς ἐν τῇ ψυχῇ, Plat. Theaet. 155 b; ἐν τοῖς λόγοις, Crat. 430 b; Einem Vorwürfe machen, Il. 13, 118. | |||
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Revision as of 19:18, 2 August 2017
English (LSJ)
[ᾰ], Ion. pres. opt.
A μαχέοιτο Il.1.272, μαχέοιντο ib.344 (v.l. μαχέονται); part. μαχεόμενος v.l. in Hdt.7.104 (elsewh. μαχόμενος, 9.75,al.); Ep. μαχειόμενος Od.17.471, μαχεούμενος 11.403, 24.113: Ep.impf. μαχέσκετο Il.7.140: fut. μαχήσομαι 23.621, Hdt.7.209; μαχέσομαι, δια-μαχεσόμεθα (as v.l.) Id.9.48; also in late Prose, J.AJ 11.8.3, Plu.2.215f; μαχοῦμαι S.OC837, Ar.Pl.1076, etc., μαχεῖται even in Il.20.26, but μαχέονται 2.366; Ep. μαχέσσομαι v.l. for μαχήσομαι 1.298: aor. ἐμαχεσάμην Hdt.1.18, etc.; opt. μαχέσαιο Il.6.329; inf. μαχέσασθαι 17.178, also μαχέσσασθαι 15.633; opt. μαχεσσαίμεσθα Theoc.22.74; part. μαχεσσαμένω Il.1.304; later μαχήσασθαι Paus.1.27.1, (ἀνα-) D.S.19.93: pf. μεμάχημαι Th.7.43, Lys.7.41, Isoc.6.54: late aor. ἐμαχέσθην Plu.2.970f, Paus.5.4.9: fut. μαχεσθήσομαι only Sch.rec.A.Th.672:—fight, Hom., etc.; ὑσμῖνι μ. Il.2.863; πολεμίζειν ἠδὲ μ. ib.452, etc.; μάχην μ. X.Ages.5.5: in Hom. mostly of armies and persons fighting as parts of armies, but sts. of single combat, Il.3.91,433, 7.51, 111,279, Od.18.31,39; between men and beasts, Il.15.633, Od.20.15; between beasts, Il.16.824:—Constr.: c. dat. pers., fight with, i. e. against, one, ἀνδράσιν ἶφι μ. Il.1.151, cf. S.Ph. 1253, etc.; μ. ἀντία, ἐναντίον τινός, Il.20.88,97; ἐπί τινι 5.124, etc.; πρός τινα 17.471, but πρὸς δαίμονα against heaven's will, ib.98 (in Att. Prose, mostly c. dat. or πρός, μ. τοῖς πολεμίοις D.4.47; πρὸς ἀλλήλους Isoc.4.116); μ. σὺν σοί, . . θεά, with thy help, Od.13.390; μετὰ πρώτοισι μ. among the foremost, Il.5.575; μετὰ Βοιωτῶν μ. with them, in their ranks, 13.700; πρός τινας μετ' ἀλλήλων Isoc. 10.53, cf. Pl.Smp.179a; κατὰ σφέας γὰρ μαχέονται will fight by themselves, Il.2.366 (but κατ' ἕνα μ. fight in single combat, Hdt. 7.104); μ. πρό τινος before him: hence, metaph., for him, in his defence, Il.4.156, 8.56, X.HG5.4.33, etc.; ὑπὲρ τοῦ νόμου Heraclit. 44; πάτρας ὕπερ E.Ph.1002; Ἕλλησιν ὑπὲρ Ἑλλήνων Pl.Mx.239b; περὶ δαιτί Od.2.245; but later usu. περί τινος, A.Supp.740, Cratin. 163, Hdt.1.95; ἀμφί τινι Il.3.70,91; ἀμφὶ νέκυι 16.565; εἵνεκά τινος 2.377: c. dat. instrum., τόξοισι, πελέκεσσι μ., 7.140, 15.711 (χερσὶ μαχέσσασθαι, of boxers, Od.18.39); μ. ἀπ' ἵππου fight from horseback, Hdt.9.63; τὸ μήπω μεμαχημένον the force that had not yet come into action, Th.7.43. 2 c. acc., fight against, only f.l. in Philostr.Im. 2.23. II generally, quarrel, wrangle, ἔριδι μ. Il.1.8; μ. ἐπέεσσιν ib.304, etc.; τινι 5.875, 13.118; τῷ παιδὶ μ. make a scene with... Thphr.Char.23.8; dispute, argue, περί τι μ. Pl.R.342d, etc. III contend for the mastery in games, etc., πὺξ μ. Il.23.621; measure oneself with or against, τινι 1.272; παγκράτιον μ. Ar.V.1190, 1195; μ. Ὀλυμπιάδα Philostr.Gym.21. IV after Hom., struggle against a force, ἀνάγκᾳ δ' οὐδὲ θεοὶ μ. Simon.5.21; ὄμβρῳ Alc.Supp.26.4; πρὸς ἡνίας μ. A.Pr.1010; πρὸς ἐπιθυμίας ἢ ἡδονάς Pl.La.191e; μ. τῷ λιμῷ, τῷ δίψει, X.Cyr.3.1.5. V c. inf., struggle, make an effort to do, Arist.HA552a23. VI of arguments, propositions, etc., to be in contradiction or inconsistent, τρία ὁμολογήματα μ. αὐτὰ αὑτοῖς Pl.Tht. 155b, cf. Plb.16.28.4; μαχόμενα Phld.Mus.p.95 K., S.E.P.1.198, al.
German (Pape)
[Seite 103] ion. μαχέομαι, u. ep. auch μαχείομαι, im part., s. oben, μαχέσκετο, Il. 7, 140; fut. μαχέσομαι, Her. 7, 209 u. Sp., wie D. Hal. 3, 58 S. Emp. adv. math. 7, 422, u. ep., wo es der Vers fordert, μαχέσσομαι oder μαχήσομαι, att. μαχοῦμαι, auch μαχεῖται, Il. 20, 26, wo es falsch als ion. praes. genommen wird; vgl. μαχέονται, 2, 366; aor. ἐμαχεσάμην, ep. des Verses wegen auch μαχέσσασθαι oder μαχήσασθαι, letztere Form hat Wolf überall im Hom. vorgezogen, wie im fut. μαχήσομαι; perf. μεμάχημαι, Thuc. 7, 43, Isocr. 6, 54, Lys. 7, 41; μεμάχεσμαι, zw., Xen. Cyr. 7, 1, 14; bei Apolld. u. Sp. auch der aor. ἐμαχέσθην, vgl. Lob. zu Phryn. 732; adj. verb. μαχετέον u. μαχητέον, wie z. B. die Lesart schwankt bei Plat. Soph. 249 c; – streiten, kämpfen, bes. im Kriege, in der Schlacht, gegen Einen, mit einem Gegner, Hom. und Folgde überall, gew. τινί, z. B. ἀνδράσι παυροτέροισι, Il. 2, 121; οὔτ' ἄρα Τρωσίν, ἀλλὰ σοὶ μαχούμεθα, Soph. Phil. 1237; El. 1363; Her. u. sonsi in Prosa; μυρίοι ἑκάστοτέ σοι μάχονται, Plat. Theaet. 170 d; ὃς ἂν μάχηται τοῖς πολεμίοις, Lach. 191 a; οἴει γὰρ σοὶ μαχεῖσθαι τὸν ἀδελφόν, Xen. An. 1, 7, 9. – Auch ἀντία, ἐναντίον τινός, gegen Einen, Il. 20, 88. 97; – ἐπί τινι, Il. 5, 124. 244. 20, 26; – πρός τινα, Il. 17, 98. 471, vgl. βιάζῃ καὶ πρὸς ἡνίας μάχῃ Aesch. Prom. 1012; Plat. Legg. XI, 919 b; πρὸς ἐπι θυμίας, Lach. 191 d; – μετ' ἀλλήλων, Plat. Conv. 178 e; – περί τινος, um Etwas kämpfen, Aesch. Suppl. 721; Her. u. sonst in Prosa, wie Plat. Rep. III, 407 a; auch ἐπεχείρει περὶ αὐτὰ μάχεσθαι, ib. I, 342 d; und περί τινι, Il. 16, 568 Od. 2, 245, wie ἀμφί τινι, Il. 3, 70. 16, 565; – εἵνεκά τινος, Il. 2, 377; – π ρό τινος, eigtl. wie πρόσθε vom Orte, vor Jem. kämpfen, aber auch für ihn, zu seinem Schutze, Il. 4, 156. 8, 57; ὑπέρ τινος, zu Jem. Besten, Plat. Menex. 239 b; – σύν τινι, unter Jemandes Beistand, bes. σὺν θεοῖς, unter der Götter Schutz kämpfen, Od. 13, 390, u. in Prosa; – μετὰ πρώτοισι u. ἐν πρώτοισι μάχεσθαι, unter den Vordersten kämpfen, Il. 5, 575; μετὰ Βοιωτῶν, mit den Böotern verbündet, 13, 700. – Die Waffe, womit man kämpft, steht oft im dat. dabei, τόξοις, πελέκεσσι, u. ä., auch χείρεσσι. – Hom. sagt es auch von Thieren, von Hunden, Od. 20, 15, von Löwen, Il. 20, 171. Auch vom Zweikampfe zwischen einzelnen Streitern, Il. 3, 91. 435. 19, 153, zwischen einem Menschen u. einem Thiere, 15, 633, zwischen zwei Thieren, 16, 824; vom Wettkampfe, πὺξ μ., 23, 621, wie παγκράτιον μ., Ar. Vesp. 1191; sich mit Einem messen, es mit ihm aufnehmen, Il. 1, 272 Od. 17, 31; wetteifern, c. inf., Arist. H. A. 5, 19. – Allgemeiner, zanken, streiten, Il. 1, 8. 6, 329, ἐπέεσσι, mit Worten streiten, 1, 304. 2, 377. Daher auch = Einem widerstreiten, widersprechen, als Feind, τινί, Il. 5, 875. 9, 32; τρία ὁμολογήματα μάχεται αὐτὰ αὑτοῖς ἐν τῇ ψυχῇ, Plat. Theaet. 155 b; ἐν τοῖς λόγοις, Crat. 430 b; Einem Vorwürfe machen, Il. 13, 118.
