συκοφάντης: Difference between revisions
Κατηγορεῖν οὐκ ἔστι καὶ κρίνειν ὁμοῦ → Iudex et accusator esse idem nequit → Wer anklagt, darf nicht auch noch Richter sein zugleich
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|Definition=ου, ὁ, <span class="sense"><p> <span class="bld">A</span> <b class="b2">common informer, voluntary denouncer</b> (there being no Public Prosecutor), e.g. of contraband imports, <b class="b3">καὶ σ. εἴ τις ἦν ὠνείδισας</b>; did you dare to reproach a ς.? <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Ach.</span>559</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">725</span>,<span class="bibl">825</span>; of unlawful possession, <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Pl.</span>873</span>,<span class="bibl">879</span>,<span class="bibl">885</span>; of disaffection to Athens, <span class="bibl">Isoc.15.313</span> (cf. 316-18); <b class="b3">κλητήρ εἰμι νησιωτικὸς καὶ σ</b>. <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Av.</span>1423</span>; the ς. became notorious as pettifoggers, <span class="bibl">Lycurg.31</span> (cf. <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Ach.</span>920</span> -<span class="bibl">4</span>), <span class="bibl">D.20.62</span>, vexatious prosecutors of innocent persons esp. if rich, <span class="bibl">Lys.25.3</span>, <span class="bibl">D.57.34</span>, and blackmailers, <span class="bibl">Antipho 5.78</span>,80, <span class="bibl">Lys.7.20</span>, <span class="bibl">And.1.105</span>, <span class="bibl">D.21.103</span>, <span class="bibl">58.27</span>, <span class="bibl">Aeschin.2.5</span>, <span class="bibl">3.256</span>, <span class="bibl">Hyp.<span class="title">Lyc.</span>2</span>, Theopomp. Hist.<span class="bibl">107</span>,<span class="bibl">267</span>, <span class="bibl">Luc.<span class="title">Tim.</span>36</span>; having thus abused their legal powers, they were treated as criminals, [οἱ τριάκοντα] τοὺς σ . . . ἀνῄρουν <span class="bibl">Arist.<span class="title">Ath.</span>35.3</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">HG</span>2.3.38</span>, <span class="bibl">Isoc.15.313</span>, <span class="bibl">18.3</span>; συκοφαντῶν προβολαί <span class="bibl">Arist.<span class="title">Ath.</span>43.5</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">Aeschin.2.145</span>; they were numerous in democracies, <span class="bibl">Thphr.<span class="title">Char.</span>26.5</span>; <b class="b3">χρῆν . . ἐγγίγνεσθαι . . πάσῃ δημοκρατίᾳ σ</b>. <span class="bibl">Plu.<span class="title">Tim.</span>37</span>; <b class="b3">δημαγωγῶν πλῆθος καὶ σ</b>. at Syracuse, <span class="bibl">D.S.11.87</span>; rarer in oligarchies, e.g. Boeotia, <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Ach.</span>904</span>; <b class="b3">βασιλεὺς ἐνδεὴς προσόδων μέγας σ</b>. a great <b class="b2">extortioner</b>, <span class="bibl">LXX <span class="title">Pr.</span>28.16</span>. </span><span class="sense"> <span class="bld">2</span> in New Com., <b class="b2">professional swindler</b> or <b class="b2">confidential agent</b>, <b class="b3">πράττει δ' ὁ κόλαξ ἄριστα πάντων, δεύτερα ὁ σ</b>. <span class="bibl">Men.223.17</span>, cf. <span class="title">Georg. Fr.</span>1, <span class="bibl">Philippid.29</span>: so in Lat. <b class="b2">sycophanta</b>, Plaut.<span class="title">Poen.</span>1032, <span class="title">Trin.</span> 815, Ter.<span class="title">Andr.</span>815; <b class="b2">humbug</b>, Favorin. ap. Gell.14.1.32. </span><span class="sense"> <span class="bld">3</span> = Lat. <b class="b2">delator</b>, ὁ πικρὸς σ. Ἰσίδωρος <span class="bibl">Ph.2.597</span>, cf. <span class="title">OGI</span>669.41 (Egypt, i A.D.), <span class="title">Cod.Just.</span>1.4.34.17, al. (From <b class="b3">σῦκον φαίνειν</b>, orig. used of denouncers of the attempted export of figs from Athens, acc. to <span class="bibl">Ister 35</span>, <span class="bibl">Plu. <span class="title">Sol.</span>24</span>, <span class="bibl">2.523b</span>; orig. of citizens entrusted with the collection of figs as part of the public revenues of Athens and the denouncing of tax-evaders, acc. to <span class="bibl">Philomnest.1</span>; of denouncers of figs which had been stolen from the sacred fig-trees during a famine and had become cheap, the famine having passed, Sch.<span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Pl.</span>31</span>, cf. Fest. p.393 L.; these and modern explanations are mere guesses; the word first in Ar. but implied by <b class="b3">συκοπέδιλος</b>.)</span> | |Definition=ου, ὁ, <span class="sense"><p> <span class="bld">A</span> <b class="b2">common informer, voluntary denouncer</b> (there being no Public Prosecutor), e.g. of contraband imports, <b class="b3">καὶ σ. εἴ τις ἦν ὠνείδισας</b>; did you dare to reproach a ς.? <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Ach.</span>559</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">725</span>,<span class="bibl">825</span>; of unlawful possession, <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Pl.</span>873</span>,<span class="bibl">879</span>,<span class="bibl">885</span>; of disaffection to Athens, <span class="bibl">Isoc.15.313</span> (cf. 316-18); <b class="b3">κλητήρ εἰμι νησιωτικὸς καὶ σ</b>. <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Av.</span>1423</span>; the ς. became notorious as pettifoggers, <span class="bibl">Lycurg.31</span> (cf. <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Ach.</span>920</span> -<span class="bibl">4</span>), <span class="bibl">D.20.62</span>, vexatious prosecutors of innocent persons esp. if rich, <span class="bibl">Lys.25.3</span>, <span class="bibl">D.57.34</span>, and blackmailers, <span class="bibl">Antipho 5.78</span>,80, <span class="bibl">Lys.7.20</span>, <span class="bibl">And.1.105</span>, <span class="bibl">D.21.103</span>, <span class="bibl">58.27</span>, <span class="bibl">Aeschin.2.5</span>, <span class="bibl">3.256</span>, <span class="bibl">Hyp.<span class="title">Lyc.</span>2</span>, Theopomp. Hist.<span class="bibl">107</span>,<span class="bibl">267</span>, <span class="bibl">Luc.<span class="title">Tim.</span>36</span>; having thus abused their legal powers, they were treated as criminals, [οἱ τριάκοντα] τοὺς σ . . . ἀνῄρουν <span class="bibl">Arist.<span class="title">Ath.</span>35.3</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">HG</span>2.3.38</span>, <span class="bibl">Isoc.15.313</span>, <span class="bibl">18.3</span>; συκοφαντῶν προβολαί <span class="bibl">Arist.<span class="title">Ath.</span>43.5</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">Aeschin.2.145</span>; they were numerous in democracies, <span class="bibl">Thphr.<span class="title">Char.</span>26.5</span>; <b class="b3">χρῆν . . ἐγγίγνεσθαι . . πάσῃ δημοκρατίᾳ σ</b>. <span class="bibl">Plu.<span class="title">Tim.</span>37</span>; <b class="b3">δημαγωγῶν πλῆθος καὶ σ</b>. at Syracuse, <span class="bibl">D.S.11.87</span>; rarer in oligarchies, e.g. Boeotia, <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Ach.</span>904</span>; <b class="b3">βασιλεὺς ἐνδεὴς προσόδων μέγας σ</b>. a great <b class="b2">extortioner</b>, <span class="bibl">LXX <span class="title">Pr.</span>28.16</span>. </span><span class="sense"> <span class="bld">2</span> in New Com., <b class="b2">professional swindler</b> or <b class="b2">confidential agent</b>, <b class="b3">πράττει δ' ὁ κόλαξ ἄριστα πάντων, δεύτερα ὁ σ</b>. <span class="bibl">Men.223.17</span>, cf. <span class="title">Georg. Fr.</span>1, <span class="bibl">Philippid.29</span>: so in Lat. <b class="b2">sycophanta</b>, Plaut.<span class="title">Poen.</span>1032, <span class="title">Trin.</span> 815, Ter.<span class="title">Andr.</span>815; <b class="b2">humbug</b>, Favorin. ap. Gell.14.1.32. </span><span class="sense"> <span class="bld">3</span> = Lat. <b class="b2">delator</b>, ὁ πικρὸς σ. Ἰσίδωρος <span class="bibl">Ph.2.597</span>, cf. <span class="title">OGI</span>669.41 (Egypt, i A.D.), <span class="title">Cod.Just.</span>1.4.34.17, al. (From <b class="b3">σῦκον φαίνειν</b>, orig. used of denouncers of the attempted export of figs from Athens, acc. to <span class="bibl">Ister 35</span>, <span class="bibl">Plu. <span class="title">Sol.</span>24</span>, <span class="bibl">2.523b</span>; orig. of citizens entrusted with the collection of figs as part of the public revenues of Athens and the denouncing of tax-evaders, acc. to <span class="bibl">Philomnest.1</span>; of denouncers of figs which had been stolen from the sacred fig-trees during a famine and had become cheap, the famine having passed, Sch.<span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Pl.</span>31</span>, cf. Fest. p.393 L.; these and modern explanations are mere guesses; the word first in Ar. but implied by <b class="b3">συκοπέδιλος</b>.)</span> | ||
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|ptext=[[https://www.translatum.gr/images/pape/pape-02-0973.png Seite 973]] ὁ, der Sykophant, eigtl. der Feigenanzeiger, ein Aufpasser, der diejenigen ausspürt u. anzeigt, die gegen das Verbot handeln, nach welchem man keine Feigen aus Attika ausführen und verkaufen sollte; dah. ein Jeder, der aus Bosheit oder Gewinnsucht Andere anklagte; ein ränkevoller, falscher Ankläger, Chikaneur; eine in Athen seit Perikles sehr zahlreiche und verachtete Menschenklasse; Ar. Ach. 533 Av. 1423 Plut. 31 u. öfter; Xen. Mem. 2, 9, 3; [[συκοφάντης]] γὰρ εἶ ἐν τοῖς λόγοις Plat. Rep. I, 340 d, u. öfter, u. Folgde. | |||
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Revision as of 19:14, 2 August 2017
English (LSJ)
ου, ὁ,
A common informer, voluntary denouncer (there being no Public Prosecutor), e.g. of contraband imports, καὶ σ. εἴ τις ἦν ὠνείδισας; did you dare to reproach a ς.? Ar.Ach.559, cf. 725,825; of unlawful possession, Id.Pl.873,879,885; of disaffection to Athens, Isoc.15.313 (cf. 316-18); κλητήρ εἰμι νησιωτικὸς καὶ σ. Ar.Av.1423; the ς. became notorious as pettifoggers, Lycurg.31 (cf. Ar.Ach.920 -4), D.20.62, vexatious prosecutors of innocent persons esp. if rich, Lys.25.3, D.57.34, and blackmailers, Antipho 5.78,80, Lys.7.20, And.1.105, D.21.103, 58.27, Aeschin.2.5, 3.256, Hyp.Lyc.2, Theopomp. Hist.107,267, Luc.Tim.36; having thus abused their legal powers, they were treated as criminals, [οἱ τριάκοντα] τοὺς σ . . . ἀνῄρουν Arist.Ath.35.3, cf. X.HG2.3.38, Isoc.15.313, 18.3; συκοφαντῶν προβολαί Arist.Ath.43.5, cf. Aeschin.2.145; they were numerous in democracies, Thphr.Char.26.5; χρῆν . . ἐγγίγνεσθαι . . πάσῃ δημοκρατίᾳ σ. Plu.Tim.37; δημαγωγῶν πλῆθος καὶ σ. at Syracuse, D.S.11.87; rarer in oligarchies, e.g. Boeotia, Ar.Ach.904; βασιλεὺς ἐνδεὴς προσόδων μέγας σ. a great extortioner, LXX Pr.28.16. 2 in New Com., professional swindler or confidential agent, πράττει δ' ὁ κόλαξ ἄριστα πάντων, δεύτερα ὁ σ. Men.223.17, cf. Georg. Fr.1, Philippid.29: so in Lat. sycophanta, Plaut.Poen.1032, Trin. 815, Ter.Andr.815; humbug, Favorin. ap. Gell.14.1.32. 3 = Lat. delator, ὁ πικρὸς σ. Ἰσίδωρος Ph.2.597, cf. OGI669.41 (Egypt, i A.D.), Cod.Just.1.4.34.17, al. (From σῦκον φαίνειν, orig. used of denouncers of the attempted export of figs from Athens, acc. to Ister 35, Plu. Sol.24, 2.523b; orig. of citizens entrusted with the collection of figs as part of the public revenues of Athens and the denouncing of tax-evaders, acc. to Philomnest.1; of denouncers of figs which had been stolen from the sacred fig-trees during a famine and had become cheap, the famine having passed, Sch.Ar.Pl.31, cf. Fest. p.393 L.; these and modern explanations are mere guesses; the word first in Ar. but implied by συκοπέδιλος.)
German (Pape)
[Seite 973] ὁ, der Sykophant, eigtl. der Feigenanzeiger, ein Aufpasser, der diejenigen ausspürt u. anzeigt, die gegen das Verbot handeln, nach welchem man keine Feigen aus Attika ausführen und verkaufen sollte; dah. ein Jeder, der aus Bosheit oder Gewinnsucht Andere anklagte; ein ränkevoller, falscher Ankläger, Chikaneur; eine in Athen seit Perikles sehr zahlreiche und verachtete Menschenklasse; Ar. Ach. 533 Av. 1423 Plut. 31 u. öfter; Xen. Mem. 2, 9, 3; συκοφάντης γὰρ εἶ ἐν τοῖς λόγοις Plat. Rep. I, 340 d, u. öfter, u. Folgde.
