ἔρυμαι: Difference between revisions
πλέων επί οίνοπα πόντον επ' αλλοθρόους ανθρώπους → while sailing over the wine-dark sea to men of strange speech
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|elrutext='''ἔρῡμαι:''' эп. = [[ἐρύομαι]]. | |elrutext='''ἔρῡμαι:''' эп. = [[ἐρύομαι]]. | ||
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|etymtx=Grammatical information: v.<br />Meaning: <b class="b2">keep off, protect, save</b> (Il.).<br />Other forms: (<b class="b3">ἔρυσθαι</b>, <b class="b3">ἔρυ-το</b>, <b class="b3">-σο</b>), <b class="b3">ἐρύομαι</b> (<b class="b3">ἐρύεσθαι</b>, <b class="b3">ἐρύετο</b>), also <b class="b3">ῥύομαι</b>, inf. <b class="b3">ῥῦσθαι</b>, aor. <b class="b3">ἐρύσ(σ)ασθαι</b>, <b class="b3">ῥύσασθαι</b>, fut. <b class="b3">ἐρύσσομαι</b>, <b class="b3">ῥύσομαι</b>; also with anlaut. <b class="b3">εἰ-</b>: <b class="b3">εἴρυτο</b>, <b class="b3">εἰρύ-αται</b>, <b class="b3">-ατο</b>, <b class="b3">-ντο</b>, perhaps reduplicated perfects with present-meaning (inf. <b class="b3">εἴρυσθαι</b>); from there resp. through metrical lengthening <b class="b3">εἰρύσσασθαι</b>, <b class="b3">εἰρύσσονται</b>, <b class="b3">εἰρύομαι</b>; cf. also below; aor. pass. <b class="b3">ἐρρύσθην</b> (Ev. Luc. 1, 74, 2. Ep. Ti. 4, 17, Hld. 10, 7)<br />Dialectal forms: Myc. [[uruto]] \/<b class="b2">wru(n)t-</b>\/?<br />Compounds: Details in Schwyzer 681 w. n. 1, Chantraine Gramm. hom. 1, 294f., Bechtel Lex. s. v. As 1. member: <b class="b3">ἐρυ-</b> in <b class="b3">Ἐρύ-λαος</b>, <b class="b3">Ἐρύ-μας</b>, <b class="b3">-μηλος</b> (also <b class="b3">Εὑρυ-</b>, either after <b class="b3">εὑρύς</b> or from <b class="b3">Ϝερυ-</b> (?); s. below and cf. Specht KZ 59, 36f.); <b class="b3">ἐρυσι-</b> in <b class="b3">ἐρυσίπτολις</b> <b class="b2">protecting the town</b> (Ζ 305 a. e.), <b class="b3">Ερυσί-χθων</b> (s. v.); Aeol. <b class="b3">Εὑρυσί-λαος</b> (cf. above). <b class="b3">ῥυσί-</b> e. g. in <b class="b3">ῥυσί-πολις</b> (A. Th. 129 [lyr.] a. o.).<br />Derivatives: <b class="b3">ἔρυμα</b> n. [[defence]] (Il.), diminut. <b class="b3">ἐρυμάτιον</b> (Luc.); from there <b class="b3">ἐρυμν-ός</b> <b class="b2">for defence, protected</b> (Ion.-Att.) with <b class="b3">ἐρυμνότης</b> <b class="b2">defence-force</b> (X., Arist.), <b class="b3">ἐρυμνόω</b> [[defend]] (Agath.). <b class="b3">ἐρυσμός</b> [[defence]], [[protection]] (h. Cer. 230). <b class="b3">ἐρύσιμον</b> (<b class="b3">εἰ-</b> metr. length.) name of a kind of mustard (Thphr., Dsc.), because of its protection (Strömberg Pflanzennamen 81); from <b class="b3">*ἔρυ-σις</b> or directly from verb, cf. Arbenz Die Adj. auf <b class="b3">-ιμος</b> 20. <b class="b3">ῥυ̃τήρ</b> m. [[protector]], [[watcher]] (ρ 187, 223), <b class="b3">ῥύτωρ</b> <b class="b2">id.</b> (A. Th. 318 [lyr.], AP); attempt at a semantic differentiation by Benveniste Noms d'agent 33 and 36. <b class="b3">ῥύσιος</b> [[saving]] (A. Supp. 150 [lyr.], AP), after the adj. in <b class="b3">-σιος</b> (Chantraine Formation 41) or from <b class="b3">ῥῦσις</b> [[saving]] (Epigr. Gr. 200 [Kos], LXX). <b class="b3">ῥῦμα</b> [[defence]] (Hp., trag.).<br />Origin: IE [Indo-European] [1161] <b class="b2">*u̯eru-</b>, <b class="b2">*u̯ruH-</b>? <b class="b2">avert, ward off, protect, defend</b><br />Etymology: For the assumption of an orig. <b class="b3">*Ϝέρυ-μαι</b> speak notably the Skt. nouns <b class="b2">varū-tár-</b> m. [[protector]], <b class="b2">várū-tha-</b> n. [[defence]], [[protection]] (with <b class="b2">vr̥ṇóti</b> [[avert]], Germ., e. g. Goth. [[warjan]] [[wehren]] etc.). Doubts arise from the absence of a trace of a digamma in Homer; attempts for a solution in Solmsen Unt. 245ff. So we have two ablaut-degrees, <b class="b3">Ϝερυ-</b> and <b class="b3">Ϝρυ-</b>, the last certain in <b class="b3">εἴρυται</b> < <b class="b3">*Ϝέ-Ϝρυ-ται</b> etc. (cf. above), but further with unclear distribution. Esp. the general Ionic present <b class="b3">εἰρύομαι</b>, perhaps also for <b class="b3">Εὑρυσί-λαος</b>, one is prepared to assume vowel-prothesis, <b class="b3">ἐ-Ϝερυ-</b>, <b class="b3">ἐ-Ϝρυ-</b>, which is forbidden by modern insights: an unsolved problem. S. Solmsen l. c. - Against connection with Lat. [[servāre]] Solmsen l. c. | |||
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Revision as of 01:00, 3 January 2019
French (Bailly abrégé)
inf. ἔρυσθαι, impf. ἔρυτο;
protéger, sauver, libérer.
Étymologie: DELG *Ϝέρυμαι, skr. varutar « protecteur, défenseur » ; cf. ῥύστης, ῥύομαι, v. ἐρύω.
Russian (Dvoretsky)
ἔρῡμαι: эп. = ἐρύομαι.
Frisk Etymological English
Grammatical information: v.
Meaning: keep off, protect, save (Il.).
Other forms: (ἔρυσθαι, ἔρυ-το, -σο), ἐρύομαι (ἐρύεσθαι, ἐρύετο), also ῥύομαι, inf. ῥῦσθαι, aor. ἐρύσ(σ)ασθαι, ῥύσασθαι, fut. ἐρύσσομαι, ῥύσομαι; also with anlaut. εἰ-: εἴρυτο, εἰρύ-αται, -ατο, -ντο, perhaps reduplicated perfects with present-meaning (inf. εἴρυσθαι); from there resp. through metrical lengthening εἰρύσσασθαι, εἰρύσσονται, εἰρύομαι; cf. also below; aor. pass. ἐρρύσθην (Ev. Luc. 1, 74, 2. Ep. Ti. 4, 17, Hld. 10, 7)
Dialectal forms: Myc. uruto \/wru(n)t-\/?
Compounds: Details in Schwyzer 681 w. n. 1, Chantraine Gramm. hom. 1, 294f., Bechtel Lex. s. v. As 1. member: ἐρυ- in Ἐρύ-λαος, Ἐρύ-μας, -μηλος (also Εὑρυ-, either after εὑρύς or from Ϝερυ- (?); s. below and cf. Specht KZ 59, 36f.); ἐρυσι- in ἐρυσίπτολις protecting the town (Ζ 305 a. e.), Ερυσί-χθων (s. v.); Aeol. Εὑρυσί-λαος (cf. above). ῥυσί- e. g. in ῥυσί-πολις (A. Th. 129 [lyr.] a. o.).
Derivatives: ἔρυμα n. defence (Il.), diminut. ἐρυμάτιον (Luc.); from there ἐρυμν-ός for defence, protected (Ion.-Att.) with ἐρυμνότης defence-force (X., Arist.), ἐρυμνόω defend (Agath.). ἐρυσμός defence, protection (h. Cer. 230). ἐρύσιμον (εἰ- metr. length.) name of a kind of mustard (Thphr., Dsc.), because of its protection (Strömberg Pflanzennamen 81); from *ἔρυ-σις or directly from verb, cf. Arbenz Die Adj. auf -ιμος 20. ῥυ̃τήρ m. protector, watcher (ρ 187, 223), ῥύτωρ id. (A. Th. 318 [lyr.], AP); attempt at a semantic differentiation by Benveniste Noms d'agent 33 and 36. ῥύσιος saving (A. Supp. 150 [lyr.], AP), after the adj. in -σιος (Chantraine Formation 41) or from ῥῦσις saving (Epigr. Gr. 200 [Kos], LXX). ῥῦμα defence (Hp., trag.).
Origin: IE [Indo-European] [1161] *u̯eru-, *u̯ruH-? avert, ward off, protect, defend
Etymology: For the assumption of an orig. *Ϝέρυ-μαι speak notably the Skt. nouns varū-tár- m. protector, várū-tha- n. defence, protection (with vr̥ṇóti avert, Germ., e. g. Goth. warjan wehren etc.). Doubts arise from the absence of a trace of a digamma in Homer; attempts for a solution in Solmsen Unt. 245ff. So we have two ablaut-degrees, Ϝερυ- and Ϝρυ-, the last certain in εἴρυται < *Ϝέ-Ϝρυ-ται etc. (cf. above), but further with unclear distribution. Esp. the general Ionic present εἰρύομαι, perhaps also for Εὑρυσί-λαος, one is prepared to assume vowel-prothesis, ἐ-Ϝερυ-, ἐ-Ϝρυ-, which is forbidden by modern insights: an unsolved problem. S. Solmsen l. c. - Against connection with Lat. servāre Solmsen l. c.
