μά

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τὸ ἀγαθὸν αἱρετόν· τὸ δ' αἱρετὸν ἀρεστόν· τὸ δ' ἀρεστὸν ἐπαινετόν· τὸ δ' ἐπαινετὸν καλόνwhat is good is chosen, what is chosen is approved, what is approved is admired, what is admired is beautiful

Source
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Full diacritics: μά Medium diacritics: μά Low diacritics: μα Capitals: ΜΑ
Transliteration A: Transliteration B: ma Transliteration C: ma Beta Code: ma/

English (LSJ)

(A) [ᾰ], Particle used in asseverations and oaths, c. acc. of the deity or thing appealed to; in itself neither affirmative nor negative, but made so by prefixing ναί or οὐ, or, in Att., by the context: thus,    I ναὶ μὰ... in affirmation, ναὶ μὰ τόδε σκῆπτρον yea by this staff, Il.1.234, cf. h.Merc.460; ναὶ μὰ γὰρ ὅρκον Pi.N.11.24; ναὶ μὰ Δία, ναὶ μὰ τὸν Δία, etc., Ar.Ach.88, Pl.R.407b, etc.; also μὰ ναί Inscr.Cypr.109 H.    II οὐ μὰ... in negation, οὐ μὰ γὰρ Ἀπόλλωνα, οὐ μἀ Ζῆνα, nay, by... Il.1.86, 23.43; οὐ μὰ τὴν δέσποιναν Ἄρτεμιν S. El.626; οὔ τοι μὰ τοὺς δώδεκα θεούς Ar.Eq.235; οὐ μὰ τὸν Δία, οὔκουν οὕτω γε . . Pl.Tht.142e.    III after Hom. μά is freq. used alone,    1 chiefly in negation when the negative follows, μὰ Δί' οὐκ εἶδον ἐμαυτοῦ ἀμείνω ὑλοτόμον IG12.1084; μὰ τὴν πατρῴαν ἑστίαν, ἀλλ' οὐχ ὕβρει λέγω τάδ' S.El.881; μὰ τοὺς παρ' Ἅιδῃ νερτέρους ἀλάστορας, οὔτοι ποτ' ἔσται τοῦτο E.Med.1059; μὰ τὸν Ἀπόλλω, οὔκ Ar.Th.269, cf. A.Ag.1432, E.Cyc.262, Pl.Prt.312e; μὰ τὴν γῆν, μὴ σύγε δῷς Anaxil.9; μὰ δαίμονας, οὐκ ἀπὸ ῥυσμοῦ εἰκάζω Call.Epigr.44; μὰ τὸν Δία δὲ οὐδὲ νομίζω . . IG22.1099.30 (ii A.D.); μὰ σέ, Καῖσαρ, οὐδείς σε νικᾷ D.C.61.20: with preceding neg., οὐδ' ὄναρ, μὰ τὰς Μοίρας Herod. 1. II: in answers, when the negation is expressed in the question, οὐκ αὖ μ' ἐάσεις; Answ. μὰ Δί', ἐπεὶ κἀγὼ πόνηρός εἰμι Ar.Eq.336, cf. 338 (where οὐκ ἐάσω is to be supplied after μὰ Δία from the question, cf. Ra.951, Pl.400): when ἀλλά follows, δύο δραχμὰς μισθὸν τελεῖς; Answ. μὰ Δί', ἀλλ' ἔλαττον Id.Ra.174 (where οὐ τελῶ is understood, cf. ib. 753, 779, 1053, X.Mem.3.13.3): in μὰ γῆν, μὰ κρήνας, μὰ ποταμούς, μὰ νάματα Antiph.296 = Timocl.38, the context is missing.    b in reply to an imper., ἀπόδος αὐτό; Answ. μὰ τὸν Ἀπόλλω Ar.Th. 748.    2 in later Gr. in affirmation, δακρύω μὰ σέ, δαῖμον Annales du Service 27.32 (Egypt); μὰ τὴν Ἄρτεμιν Ἀκοντίῳ γαμοῦμαι Aristaenet. 1.10, cf. Ach.Tat.8.5.    IV in colloquial discourse, esp. Att. (cf. Greg.Cor.p.150 S., Ph.2.271), the name of the deity sworn by was often suppressed, to avoid a downright oath, μὰ τόν Ar.Ra.1374 (lyr.), Pl.Grg.466e; μὰ τήν Men.369; ναὶ μὰ τόν Call.Fr.66d, Ael. NA3.19; ναὶ μὰ τάς (sc. Χάριτας) Suid. s.v. ναὶ μὰ τό (codd. dett.); οὐ μὰ τὸν—οὐκ ὀμόσω AP12.201 (Strat.), cf. 7.112 (D.L.).    V μά is sts. omitted after ναί (q. v.); also after οὐ, οὐ τὸν πάντων θεῶν θεὸν πρόμον Ἅλιον S.OT660 (lyr.); οὐ τὸν Ὄλυμπον ib. 1088 (lyr.); οὐ τόνδ' Ὄλυμπον Id.Ant.758, cf. El.1063 (lyr.). μά (B), Thess. for δέ, IG9(2).258.11 (Cierium, ii B.C.), 461 A9 (Crannon, ii B.C.); also found at beginning of sentence in POxy. 1216.10 (ii/iii A.D.).μά (C) [ᾱ], Elean for μή, Schwyzer413.5.

German (Pape)

[Seite 77] Betheuerungswort, einen Schwur einleitend mit dem accus. der Gottheit od. der Sache, bei der man schwört; – 1) bejahend, – a) mit ναί od. νή, wie Il. 1, 234, ναὶ μὰ τόδε σκῆπτρον, wahrlich bei diesem Scepter! ναὶ μὰ γὰρ ὅρκον, Pind. N. 11, 24; ναὶ μὰ Δία, Ar. Ach. 88 Equ. 280; ναὶ μὰ τὸν Δία, Plat. Rep. III, 407 b u. Folgde, doch nicht eben häufig. – b) ohne den Zusatz, wo sich die Bejahung aus dem Zusammenhang ergiebt, μὰ τὴν τέλειον τῆς ἐμῆς παιδὸς Δίκην, Aesch. Ag. 1407, u. häufiger μὰ Δία, so wahr Zeus! beim Zeus! – Häufiger 2) verneinend; – a) mit dabeistehendem οὐ, οὐ μὰ γὰρ Ἀπόλλωνα, οὐ μὰ Ζῆνα, nein, beim Zeus! Il. 1, 86. 23, 43 Od. 20, 339; οὐ μὰ τὴν δέσποιναν Ἄρτεμιν, Soph. El. 616; οὔτοι μὰ τοὺς θεούς, Ar. Equ. 235; οὐ μὰ τὼ θεώ, Thesm. 718; οὐδέ γε μὰ Δία, Plat. Gorg. 456 d; οὐ μέντοι μὰ Δία, Rep. IV, 426 b; οὐ μὰ τὸν Δία οὔκουν, Theaet. 142 d u. öfter. – b) oder die Negation folgt, μὰ τὸν Ἀπόλλω, οὐκ, Ar. Thesm. 269; μὰ Δία – οὐκέτι ἔχω σοι λέγειν, Plat. Prot. 312 e; μὰ θεοὺς – οὐδέν, Conv. 219 c; μὰ Δία – μὴ σύ γε, Rep. I, 345 b; vgl. Eur. μὰ τοὺς παρ' Ἅιδην νερτέρους ἀλάστορας, οὔτοι ποτ' ἔσται τοῦτο, bei den Unterirdischen, nimmer wird das geschehen, Med. 1055. – c) in Antworten, in Bezug auf die in der Frage liegende Negation, οὐκ αὖ μ' ἐάσεις; – μὰ Δί' ἐπεὶ κἀγὼ πονηρός εἰμι, Ar. Equ. 336; u. mit folgdm ἀλλά, z. B. δύο δραχμὰς μισθὸν τελεῖς; – μὰ Δί' ἀλλ' ἔλαττον, nein beim Zeus! sondern weniger, Ran. 753. 779. 1053; Xen. Mem. 3, 13, 3, u. öfter bei Plat., vgl. οὐ μὰ τὸν Δί', ἀλλ' οὐκέτ' οἶδα ἔγωγε ὅτι ἔλεγον Rep. I, 334 b. – Der Name des Gegenstandes, bei dem man schwört, wird auch fortgelassen, bes. in der attischen Umgangssprache, μὰ τὸν, ἐγὼ μὲν οὐδ' ἂν – ἐπιθόμην Ar. Ran. 1370; Plat. Gorg. 489 e; vgl. Schäfer Greg. p. 150 ff. u. Mein. Men. p. 131.