ξένος

English (LSJ)

ὁ, Ep. and Ion. ξεῖνος (also freq. in Pi., N.7.61, al., used by Trag. metri gr. even in trim., mostly in voc., S.OC33, al., E.IT798 codd., El.247), Aeol. ξέννος Hdn.Gr.2.302 ; scanned and written ξεῖνος in Theoc.28.6, 30.17 : Aeol. Sup. ξεννότατος Sch. Tz. in An. Ox. 3.356.18 (sed v. fin.).    I guest-friend, applied to persons and states bound by a treaty or tie of hospitality, Od.1.313, etc. ; ξεῖνοι δὲ . . εὐχόμεθ' εἶναι ἐκ πατέρων φιλότητος 15.196 ; ξ. πατρώϊός ἐσσι παλαιός Il.6.215 ; ξ. δ' ἀλλήλων πατρώϊοι εὐχόμεθ' εἶναι Od.1.187 ; φησὶ δ' Ὀδυσσῆος ξεῖνος πατρώϊος εἶναι 17.522 ; later freq. coupled with φίλος, Πλούταρχος ὁ τούτου ξένος καὶ φίλος D.21.110, cf. 18.46, X.An.2.1.5, Lys. 19.19 ; βασιλέως πατρικὸς ξ. Pl.Men.78d.    2 of parties giving or receiving hospitality, Od.8.145, etc. ; mostly of the guest, opp. the host, ξεινοδόκοι καὶ ξεῖνος ib.543, etc. ; ἁ ξείνα the visitor, Theoc.2.154 ; of guests at a club, opp. σύνδειπνοι, PTeb.118.4 (ii B. C.) : less freq. of the host, Il.15.532, A.R.1.208, Ep.Rom.16.23, etc. : c. dat., ξεῖνός τινι Hdt.1.20,22, cf. Th.2.13, X.An.1.1.10, etc. ; also ξ. τινός ib. 2.4.15.    II stranger, esp. wanderer, refugee (under the protection of Ζεὺς ξένιος), sts. coupled with ἱκέτης, Ζεὺς ἐπιτιμήτωρ ἱκετάων τε ξείνων τε ξείνιος Od.9.270, cf. 8.546; with πτωχός, πρὸς γὰρ Διός εἰσιν ἅπαντες ξεῖνοί τε πτωχοί τε 6.208.    III generally, stranger, foreigner, opp. ἔνδημος, Hes.Op.225; opp. ἀστός, Pi.O.7.90, S.OC13, And.4.10, etc. ; πολιατᾶν καὶ ξ. Pi.I.1.51, cf. A. Th.924 (lyr.), Pl.Grg. 473d, etc. ; opp. ἐπιχώριος, Id.Men.94d: coupled with μέτοικος, Th. 4.90, cf. IG12.39.53 ; with ἔπηλυς, Luc.Herm.24 ; opp. a member of the family, PMasp.169.10 (vi A. D.), etc.    b as a term of address to any stranger, ὦ ξένε E.Ion247, Mosch.1.5, etc. ; ὦ ξένη Pl.Smp. 204c.    2 = βάρβαρος, at Sparta, Hdt.9.11,55.    IV hireling, Od.14.102 ; esp. mercenary soldier, IG12.949.89, X.An.1.1.10, D.18.152, etc. ; ξ. ναυβάται Th.1.121 : rarely simply, ally, X.Lac. 12.3.    B as Adj. ξένος, η, ον (also ος, ον E.Supp.94), Ion. ξεῖνος, η, ον, foreign, not in Hom. (in the phrases ξεῖνε πάτερ Od.7.28, ἄνθρωποι ξεῖνοι Il.24.202, both words are Subst.) ; freq. in later writers, ξείνα γαῖα Pi.P.4.118 codd.; ξένης ἐπὶ χθονός S.OC1256 ; γᾶς ἐπὶ ξένας ib. 1705 (lyr., cf. ξένη); ἐν ξένῃσι χερσί by foreign hands, Id.El.1141 ; ξ. δόμοι, πόλις, etc., E.Ph.339 (lyr.), 369, etc. ; of alien property, ξ. ἄρουραι PMasp.295.22 (vi A.D.).    II c. gen. rei, strange to a thing, unacquainted with, ignorant of it, ξ. τοῦ λόγου S.OT219, cf. AP4.3a.37 (Agath.); ξ. τῶν διαθηκῶν τῆς ἐπαγγελίας Ep.Eph.2.12, cf. BGU405.12 (iv A. D.). Adv. ξένως, ἔχω τῆς ἐνθάδε λέξεως I am a stranger to the mode of speech, Pl.Ap.17d ; ἔχειν τῆς διαλέκτου Them. Or.21.253c.    III strange, unusual, λόγοι A.Pr.688 (lyr.) ; τιμωρίαι Ti.Locr.104d ; ποιεῖν ξένην τὴν διάλεκτον Arist.Rh.1404b11, cf. 1415a7 ; οὐδὲν ξ. ἐν τῷ παντὶ ἀποτελεῖται Epicur.Fr.266 ; τοῖς νέοις ποιεῖν ξένα τὰ φαῦλα Arist.Pol.1336b34 ; ξένα ταῖς ὄψεσι D.S.3.15 ; ὡς ξένου συμβαίνοντος I Ep.Pet.4.12 ; διδαχαὶ ποικίλαι καὶ ξ. Ep.Hebr.13.9 ; ξ. δαιμόνια Act.Ap.17.18 : Sup., πράξεων ὡς -οτάτων Phld.Herc.1251.5 ; ξ. αὐτῷ δοκεῖ τὸ πρᾶγμα Luc.Cont.13, etc. Adv. ξένως, λαλεῖν Phld.P0.5.12.    2 τοῦ πνεύματος . . ῥύσις ὡς -ωτάτη air as fresh as possible, Hp.Nat.Hom.9. (From ξένϝος, cf. πρόξενϝος IG9(1).867, Ξενϝάρης ib.869, Ξενϝοκλῆς, Ξένϝων, ib.4.315,348 : hence it is improb. that the Aeol. form was ξέννος.)