Σικανός

English (LSJ)

Σικανός, οῦ, ὁ,a Sicanian, Thuc.: adj. Σικανικός, ή, όν, Thuc.

Wikipedia EN

The Sicani (Greek Σικανοί Sikanoi) or Sicanians were one of three ancient peoples of Sicily present at the time of Phoenician and Greek colonization. The Sicani dwelt east of the Elymians and west of the Sicels, having, according to Diodorus Siculus, the boundary with the last in the ancient Himera river (Salso) after a series of battles between these tribes.

The Sicani are the oldest inhabitants of Sicily with a recorded name. In the 5th century BCE, the Greek historian Thucydides, claims that the Sicani originated on the Iberian Peninsula, from around a river they called "Sicanus" and had migrated to Sicily following an invasion by the Ligurians. (The name Sicanus has been linked to the modern river known in Spanish as the Júcar.) Thucydides' source is unknown, although he often draws on the Sicilian historian Antiochus of Syracuse. Conversely, Timaeus of Tauromenium (writing c. 300 BCE) considers the Sicani to be indigenous to Sicily. A third theory, put forward by some modern scholars, suggests that the Sicani were Illyrian émigrés, who gained control of areas previously inhabited by native tribes. Archaeological research suggests that the Sicani were influenced at an early stage by the Mycenaeans (prior to the Greek colonisation of Sicily).

It is generally agreed by scholars that the Sicani preceded other inhabitants of Sicily in prehistory, namely the Elymians and Sicels. The Elymians are thought to be the next recorded people to settle Sicily, perhaps from the Aegean, Anatolia, or Liguria. They settled in the north-west corner of the island, forcing the Sicanians to move across eastward. The Sicels were the next to arrive, from mainland Italy, and settled in the east. The arrival of the Sicels is thought to have occurred during the thirteenth or eleventh century BCE. The Sicanians area after this became limited to the south-western part of the island with settlements in the area of Gela and Agrigentum.

The Sicani enter the historical record with the Phoenicians, who established colonies during the 11th century BCE – preceding the Greeks, who founded the colony of Syracuse. While many other Greek colonies were established around the island, by 734 BCE Syracuse had become the largest city in the Greek-speaking world. The Sicani were gradually absorbed by these colonizing peoples. They disappeared as a distinct people following the annexation of Sicily by the Roman Empire.

French (Bailly abrégé)

οῦ (ὁ) :
habitant de la Sicanie.
Étymologie:.

Greek Monolingual

ο, ΝΑ Σικανία
1. μυθ. γιος του Βριάρεω και της Αίτνας, πατέρας, κατά μία άποψη, τών Κυκλώπων, από τον οποίο έλαβαν την ονομασία τους οι Σικανοί
2. αρχαιολ. ο κάτοικος της Σικελίας
3. στον πληθ. οι Σικανοί
αρχαιολ. λαός της Σικελίας, οι πρώτοι ιστορικά γνωστοί κάτοικοι της.

Russian (Dvoretsky)

Σῑκᾰνός:
I ὁ уроженец или житель Сикании Thuc.
Σικανός: II ὁ Сикан
1 сиракузский флотоводец времен Сицилийского похода афинян в конце V в. до н. э. Thuc.;
2 река в Иберии, по по друг. - Секвана, нын. Сена Thuc.

Translations

ar: شعب سيكاني; be: Сіканы; bg: Сикани; ca: Sicans; cs: Sikanové; de: Sikanen; el: Σικανοί; en: Sicani; eo: Sikanoj; es: Sicanos; eu: Sikano; fr: Sicanes; hr: Sikanci; hu: Szikánok; it: Sicani; ja: シカニ人; ko: 시카니인; lt: Sikanai; nl: Sicanen; no: Sikanere; pl: Sykanowie; pt: Sicanos; ru: Сиканы; scn: Sicani; sh: Sikanci; sv: Sikaner; uk: Сикани; zh: 西坎尼人