ἐξ: Difference between revisions
πείθεται πᾶς ἥδιον ἢ βιάζεται (Dio Cassius, Historiae Romanae 8.36.3) → it's always more pleasant to be persuaded than to be forced
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|elrutext='''ἐξ:''' перед гласным = ἐκ. | |elrutext='''ἐξ:''' перед гласным = ἐκ. | ||
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|etymtx=Grammatical information: adverb (preverb) and preposition<br />Meaning: [[out]] (Il.). Details in Schwyzer-Debrunner 461ff.<br />Other forms: before consonant <b class="b3">ἐκ</b> (<b class="b3">ἐγ</b>, <b class="b3">ἐχ</b>), dial. <b class="b3">ἐς</b>, Boeot. always <b class="b3">ἐ(σ)ς</b><br />Derivatives: [[ἔξω]] etc., s. v. <b class="b3">ἐξεῖ ἔξω</b> H wth loc. ending, Cret. <b class="b3">ἐξοι</b>, <b class="b3">εξος</b> Delphi; on <b class="b3">ἔξουθα</b>, <b class="b3">ἔξεσα</b> Lejeune, Adverbes en <b class="b3">-θεν</b> 329, 355. <b class="b3">ἐχθός</b> from <b class="b3">ἐξ</b> (Locr., Delphi) with <b class="b3">ἔχθοι</b>, <b class="b3">ἔχθω</b>, <b class="b3">ἐχθοδαπός</b> [[stranger]] (Pergmon IIp).<br />Origin: IE [Indo-European] [292} <b class="b2">*h₁eǵhs</b> [[out]]; or <b class="b2">*h₁eḱs</b><br />Etymology: Exact agreements <b class="b3">ἐξ</b> in Italic and Celtic, e. g. Lat. [[ex]] ([[ē]], <b class="b2">ec-</b>), Welsh <b class="b2">ex-</b>, OIr. <b class="b2">ess-</b>; then in Baltic and Slavic forms with unclear <b class="b2">i-</b>, e. g. Lith. <b class="b2">ìš</b>, <b class="b2">ìž</b>, OCS [[is]], [[iz]]; doubtful Arm. [[i]], <b class="b2">y-</b> [[out]], [[from]] (beside [[i]], <b class="b2">y-</b> [[in]]). - Because of <b class="b3">ἔσχατος</b>, <b class="b3">ἐχθός</b> (= <b class="b3">ἐκτός</b>) a. o. one posits after Wackernagel KZ 33, 38ff. (= Kl. Schr. 1, 717ff.) as IE form not <b class="b2">*eḱs</b>, but <b class="b2">*eǵhs</b> (<b class="b2">*eǵzh</b>); an assumption, which is unnecessary for [[ἐκτός]] (s. v.), but for [[ἔσχατος]] seems unavoidable (s. s. v.) | |||
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Revision as of 01:07, 3 January 2019
German (Pape)
[Seite 861] praepos., statt ἐκ (w. m. s.), vor Vokalen.
Greek (Liddell-Scott)
ἐξ: Λατ. ex, ὁ πλήρης τύπος τῆς προθ. ἐκ, διαμείνας πρὸ φωνήεντος εἴτε ἐν συντάξει εἴτε ἐν συνθέσει, ὡσαύτως καὶ πρό τινων συμφώνων· οἷον. ἐξ σέθεν Συλλ. Ἐπιγρ. 2292· ἐξ Σμύρνης 3137. 11, 81· ἐξ Ρηνείας 158. 26· ὡσαύτως ἐν τέλει στίχου μετὰ τὴν ἰδίαν πτῶσιν, κακῶν ἐξ Ἰλ. Ξ. 472, πρβλ. Θεόκρ. 22. 30.
French (Bailly abrégé)
v. ἐκ.
Spanish (DGE)
v. ἐκ.
Greek Monotonic
ἐξ: Λατ. ex, τύπος της πρόθ. ἐκ, πριν από φωνήεν και πριν από ορισμένα σύμφωνα, όπως τα ῥ, σ.
Russian (Dvoretsky)
ἐξ: перед гласным = ἐκ.
Frisk Etymological English
Grammatical information: adverb (preverb) and preposition
Meaning: out (Il.). Details in Schwyzer-Debrunner 461ff.
Other forms: before consonant ἐκ (ἐγ, ἐχ), dial. ἐς, Boeot. always ἐ(σ)ς
Derivatives: ἔξω etc., s. v. ἐξεῖ ἔξω H wth loc. ending, Cret. ἐξοι, εξος Delphi; on ἔξουθα, ἔξεσα Lejeune, Adverbes en -θεν 329, 355. ἐχθός from ἐξ (Locr., Delphi) with ἔχθοι, ἔχθω, ἐχθοδαπός stranger (Pergmon IIp).
Origin: IE [Indo-European] [292} *h₁eǵhs out; or *h₁eḱs
Etymology: Exact agreements ἐξ in Italic and Celtic, e. g. Lat. ex (ē, ec-), Welsh ex-, OIr. ess-; then in Baltic and Slavic forms with unclear i-, e. g. Lith. ìš, ìž, OCS is, iz; doubtful Arm. i, y- out, from (beside i, y- in). - Because of ἔσχατος, ἐχθός (= ἐκτός) a. o. one posits after Wackernagel KZ 33, 38ff. (= Kl. Schr. 1, 717ff.) as IE form not *eḱs, but *eǵhs (*eǵzh); an assumption, which is unnecessary for ἐκτός (s. v.), but for ἔσχατος seems unavoidable (s. s. v.)
