ἀπόλλυμι: Difference between revisions
τὰ σῦκα σῦκα, τὴν σκάφην δὲ σκάφην ὀνομάζειν → call a spade a spade | speak the truth | speak straight from the shoulder | give it straight from the shoulder | give the straight goods | not to mince matters | not to mince words | not mince words | call things by their right names | call a spade a spade and a shovel a shovel | call a shovel a shovel | call a spade a spade, not a big spoon
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|Definition=or ἀπολλύω (<span class="bibl">Th.4.25</span>, <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">R.</span>608e</span>, <span class="bibl">Arist.<span class="title">Pol.</span>1297a12</span>, but f.l. in <span class="bibl">Men.580</span>; the form is rejected by <span class="bibl">Phryn.<span class="title">PS</span>p.10</span> B., <span class="bibl">Moer.12</span>), impf. <span class="sense"><p> <span class="bld">A</span> ἀπώλλυν <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Pers.</span>652</span>(lyr.), <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">El.</span>1360</span>, ἀπώλλυον <span class="bibl">And.1.58</span>: fut. <b class="b3">ἀπολέσω</b>, Ep. <b class="b3">ἀπολέσσω</b>, Att. <b class="b3">ἀπολῶ</b>, Ion. ἀπολέω <span class="bibl">Hdt.1.34</span>, al.: aor. <b class="b3">ἀπώλεσα</b>, Ep. <b class="b3">ἀπόλεσσα</b>: pf. <b class="b3">ἀπολώλεκα</b>:—freq. in tmesi in Ep.; Prep. postponed in <span class="bibl">Od.9.534</span>:—stronger form of <b class="b3">ὄλλυμι</b>, <b class="b2">destroy utterly, kill</b>, in Hom. mostly of death in battle, ἀπώλεσε λαὸν Ἀχαιῶν <span class="bibl">11.5.758</span>, al.; <b class="b3">ἐκπάγλως ἀπόλεσσαν</b> ib.<span class="bibl">1.268</span>; also of things, <b class="b2">demolish, lay waste</b>, <b class="b3">ἀπώλεσεν Ἴλιον ἱρήν</b> ib.<span class="bibl">5.648</span>, etc.; generally, <b class="b3">βίοτον δ' ἀπὸ πάμπαν ὀλέσσει</b> <b class="b2">will waste</b> my substance, <span class="bibl">Od.2.49</span>; <b class="b3">οἵ μ' ἀπωλλύτην</b> <b class="b2">sought to destroy</b> me (impf. sense), <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">OT</span>1454</span>; in pregnant sense, <b class="b3">ἐπεί με γᾶς ἐκ πατρίας ἀπώλεσε</b> <b class="b2">drove</b> me <b class="b2">ruined</b> from... <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Hec.</span>946</span>; <b class="b3">τῆς παρ' ἡμέραν χάριτος τὰ μέγιστα τῆς πόλεως ἀ</b>. for the sake of... <span class="bibl">D. 8.70</span>. </span><span class="sense"> <span class="bld">2</span> <b class="b3">λόγοις</b> or <b class="b3">λέγων ἀ. τινά</b> <b class="b2">talk</b> or <b class="b2">bore</b> one <b class="b2">to death</b>, <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">El.</span>1360</span>, <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Nu.</span>892</span> (lyr.): hence, alone, in fut. ἀπολεῖς με <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Ach.</span>470</span>; οἴμ' ὡς ἀπολεῖς με <span class="bibl">Pherecr.108.20</span>; <b class="b3">ἀπολεῖ μ' οὑτοσί</b> by his questions, <span class="bibl">Antiph.222.8</span>, etc. </span><span class="sense"> <span class="bld">3</span> <b class="b2">ruin</b> a woman, <span class="bibl">Lys.1.8</span>. </span><span class="sense"> <span class="bld">II</span> <b class="b2">lose</b>, πατέρ' ἐσθλὸν ἀπώλεσα <span class="bibl">Od.2.46</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">Il.18.82</span>, <span class="bibl">Democr.272</span>; ἀπώλεσε νόστιμον ἦμαρ <span class="bibl">Od.1.354</span>; <b class="b3">ἀπὸ θυμὸν ὀλέσσαι</b> <b class="b2">lose</b> one's life, <span class="bibl">11.16.861</span>, <span class="bibl">Od.12.350</span>; <b class="b3">θυμὸν οὐκ ἀπώλεσεν</b> <b class="b2">loses</b> not his spirit, <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">El.</span>26</span>; ἔλεον ἀπώλεσεν <span class="bibl">11.24.44</span>; freq. of things, ἡ τοῦ πλέονος ἐπιθυμίη τὸ παρεὸν ἀπόλλυσι <span class="bibl">Democr.224</span>; ἵππους ἑβδομήκοντα ἀπολλύασι <span class="bibl">Th.7.51</span>; ἀπώλεσαν τὴν ἀρχὴν ὑπὸ Περσῶν <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">An.</span>3.4.11</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">7.2.22</span>; μηδὲν ἀπολλὺς τοῦ ὄγκου <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Tht.</span>155c</span>; <b class="b3">ἀ. οὐσίαν</b>, = [[ἀπόλλυσθαι]], <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Prm.</span>163d</span>. </span><span class="sense"> <span class="bld">B</span> Med., <b class="b3">ἀπόλλῠμαι</b>: fut. <b class="b3">-ολοῦμαι</b>, Ion. -ολέομαι <span class="bibl">Hdt.7.218</span>: aor. 2 <b class="b3">-ωλόμην</b>: pf. <b class="b3">-όλωλα</b>, whence the barbarous impf. ἀπόλωλο <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Th.</span>1212</span>: plpf. in Att. Prose sts. written <b class="b3">ἀπωλώλειν</b> in codd., as <span class="bibl">Th.4.133</span>, <span class="bibl">7.27</span>:—<b class="b2">perish, die</b>, <span class="bibl">11.1.117</span>, etc.; <b class="b2">cease to exist</b>, opp. <b class="b3">γίγνεσθαι</b>, <span class="bibl">Meliss.8</span>, <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Prm.</span>156b</span>, etc.: sts. c. acc. cogn., ἀπόλωλε κακὸν μόρον <span class="bibl">Od.1.166</span>; <b class="b3">ἀπωλόμεθ' αἰπὺν ὄλεθρον</b> ib.<span class="bibl">9.303</span>: c. dat. modi, <b class="b3">ἀπώλετο λυγρῷ ὀλέθρῳ</b> (v.l. [[λυγρὸν ὄλεθρον]]) ib.<span class="bibl">3.87</span>; ἀ. ὑπό τινος <span class="bibl">Hdt. 5.126</span>; simply, <b class="b2">to be undone</b>, αὐτῶν . . ἀπωλόμεθ' ἀφραδίῃσιν <span class="bibl">Od.10.27</span>; ἀπωλώλει τῷ φόβῳ μή . . <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">Cyr.</span>6.1.2</span>: freq. in Att., esp. in pf., <b class="b3">ἀπόλωλας</b> you <b class="b2">are lost</b>, <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Nu.</span>1077</span>; ἀπωλόμεθ' ἂν εἰ μὴ ἀπολώλειμεν Plu. 2.185f; ἱκανὸν χρόνον ἀπολλύμεθα καὶ κατατετρίμμεθα <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Pax</span>355</span>; βλέπειν ἀπολωλός <span class="bibl">Philostr.Jun.<span class="title">Im.</span>2</span>:—as an imprecation, κάκιστ' ἀπολοίμην εἰ. . <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Ach.</span>151</span>, al.; κακὸς κακῶς ἀπόλοιθ' ὅστις. . <span class="bibl">Eub. 116</span>; ἐξώλης ἀπόλοιθ' ὅστις. . <span class="bibl">Men.154</span>; <b class="b3">ἀπολλύμενος</b>, opp. <b class="b3">σῳζόμενος</b>, <span class="bibl">Isoc.6.36</span>, cf. Plu.2.469d: freq. in part. fut., <b class="b3"> κάκιστ' ἀπολούμενε</b> o <b class="b2">destined to a</b> miserable <b class="b2">end!</b> i.e. o <b class="b2">thou villain, scoundrel, knave!</b> <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Pl.</span>713</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">456</span>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Ach.</span>865</span>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Pax</span>2</span>; ὁ κάκιστ' ἀνέμων ἀ. <span class="bibl">Luc.<span class="title">DDeor.</span> 14.2</span>. </span><span class="sense"> <span class="bld">2</span> in <b class="b2">NT, perish</b>, in theol. sense, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Ev.Jo.</span>3.16</span>, al.; <b class="b3">οἱ ἀπολλύμενοι</b>, opp. <b class="b3">οἱ σῳζόμενοι</b>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">1 Ep.Cor.</span>1.18</span>. </span><span class="sense"> <span class="bld">II</span> <b class="b2">to be lost</b>, <b class="b3">ὕδωρ ἀπολέσκετ'</b> (of the water eluding Tantalus) <span class="bibl">Od.11.586</span>; <b class="b3">οὔποτε καρπὸς ἀπόλλυται</b> never <b class="b2">falls untimely</b>, ib.<span class="bibl">7.117</span>; ἀπό τέ σφισιν ὕπνος ὄλωλεν <span class="bibl">Il.10.186</span>; γέλως ἐξ ἀνθρώπων ἀπόλωλεν <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">Smp.</span>1.15</span>; ἀπολόμενον ἀργύριον <span class="bibl">Antipho Soph.54</span>; ἀπώλοντο οἱ ὄνοι <span class="bibl">LXX <span class="title">1 Ki.</span>9.3</span>.</span> | |Definition=or ἀπολλύω (<span class="bibl">Th.4.25</span>, <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">R.</span>608e</span>, <span class="bibl">Arist.<span class="title">Pol.</span>1297a12</span>, but f.l. in <span class="bibl">Men.580</span>; the form is rejected by <span class="bibl">Phryn.<span class="title">PS</span>p.10</span> B., <span class="bibl">Moer.12</span>), impf. <span class="sense"><p> <span class="bld">A</span> ἀπώλλυν <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Pers.</span>652</span>(lyr.), <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">El.</span>1360</span>, ἀπώλλυον <span class="bibl">And.1.58</span>: fut. <b class="b3">ἀπολέσω</b>, Ep. <b class="b3">ἀπολέσσω</b>, Att. <b class="b3">ἀπολῶ</b>, Ion. ἀπολέω <span class="bibl">Hdt.1.34</span>, al.: aor. <b class="b3">ἀπώλεσα</b>, Ep. <b class="b3">ἀπόλεσσα</b>: pf. <b class="b3">ἀπολώλεκα</b>:—freq. in tmesi in Ep.; Prep. postponed in <span class="bibl">Od.9.534</span>:—stronger form of <b class="b3">ὄλλυμι</b>, <b class="b2">destroy utterly, kill</b>, in Hom. mostly of death in battle, ἀπώλεσε λαὸν Ἀχαιῶν <span class="bibl">11.5.758</span>, al.; <b class="b3">ἐκπάγλως ἀπόλεσσαν</b> ib.<span class="bibl">1.268</span>; also of things, <b class="b2">demolish, lay waste</b>, <b class="b3">ἀπώλεσεν Ἴλιον ἱρήν</b> ib.<span class="bibl">5.648</span>, etc.; generally, <b class="b3">βίοτον δ' ἀπὸ πάμπαν ὀλέσσει</b> <b class="b2">will waste</b> my substance, <span class="bibl">Od.2.49</span>; <b class="b3">οἵ μ' ἀπωλλύτην</b> <b class="b2">sought to destroy</b> me (impf. sense), <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">OT</span>1454</span>; in pregnant sense, <b class="b3">ἐπεί με γᾶς ἐκ πατρίας ἀπώλεσε</b> <b class="b2">drove</b> me <b class="b2">ruined</b> from... <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Hec.</span>946</span>; <b class="b3">τῆς παρ' ἡμέραν χάριτος τὰ μέγιστα τῆς πόλεως ἀ</b>. for the sake of... <span class="bibl">D. 8.70</span>. </span><span class="sense"> <span class="bld">2</span> <b class="b3">λόγοις</b> or <b class="b3">λέγων ἀ. τινά</b> <b class="b2">talk</b> or <b class="b2">bore</b> one <b class="b2">to death</b>, <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">El.</span>1360</span>, <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Nu.</span>892</span> (lyr.): hence, alone, in fut. ἀπολεῖς με <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Ach.</span>470</span>; οἴμ' ὡς ἀπολεῖς με <span class="bibl">Pherecr.108.20</span>; <b class="b3">ἀπολεῖ μ' οὑτοσί</b> by his questions, <span class="bibl">Antiph.222.8</span>, etc. </span><span class="sense"> <span class="bld">3</span> <b class="b2">ruin</b> a woman, <span class="bibl">Lys.1.8</span>. </span><span class="sense"> <span class="bld">II</span> <b class="b2">lose</b>, πατέρ' ἐσθλὸν ἀπώλεσα <span class="bibl">Od.2.46</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">Il.18.82</span>, <span class="bibl">Democr.272</span>; ἀπώλεσε νόστιμον ἦμαρ <span class="bibl">Od.1.354</span>; <b class="b3">ἀπὸ θυμὸν ὀλέσσαι</b> <b class="b2">lose</b> one's life, <span class="bibl">11.16.861</span>, <span class="bibl">Od.12.350</span>; <b class="b3">θυμὸν οὐκ ἀπώλεσεν</b> <b class="b2">loses</b> not his spirit, <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">El.</span>26</span>; ἔλεον ἀπώλεσεν <span class="bibl">11.24.44</span>; freq. of things, ἡ τοῦ πλέονος ἐπιθυμίη τὸ παρεὸν ἀπόλλυσι <span class="bibl">Democr.224</span>; ἵππους ἑβδομήκοντα ἀπολλύασι <span class="bibl">Th.7.51</span>; ἀπώλεσαν τὴν ἀρχὴν ὑπὸ Περσῶν <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">An.</span>3.4.11</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">7.2.22</span>; μηδὲν ἀπολλὺς τοῦ ὄγκου <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Tht.</span>155c</span>; <b class="b3">ἀ. οὐσίαν</b>, = [[ἀπόλλυσθαι]], <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Prm.</span>163d</span>. </span><span class="sense"> <span class="bld">B</span> Med., <b class="b3">ἀπόλλῠμαι</b>: fut. <b class="b3">-ολοῦμαι</b>, Ion. -ολέομαι <span class="bibl">Hdt.7.218</span>: aor. 2 <b class="b3">-ωλόμην</b>: pf. <b class="b3">-όλωλα</b>, whence the barbarous impf. ἀπόλωλο <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Th.</span>1212</span>: plpf. in Att. Prose sts. written <b class="b3">ἀπωλώλειν</b> in codd., as <span class="bibl">Th.4.133</span>, <span class="bibl">7.27</span>:—<b class="b2">perish, die</b>, <span class="bibl">11.1.117</span>, etc.; <b class="b2">cease to exist</b>, opp. <b class="b3">γίγνεσθαι</b>, <span class="bibl">Meliss.8</span>, <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Prm.</span>156b</span>, etc.: sts. c. acc. cogn., ἀπόλωλε κακὸν μόρον <span class="bibl">Od.1.166</span>; <b class="b3">ἀπωλόμεθ' αἰπὺν ὄλεθρον</b> ib.<span class="bibl">9.303</span>: c. dat. modi, <b class="b3">ἀπώλετο λυγρῷ ὀλέθρῳ</b> (v.l. [[λυγρὸν ὄλεθρον]]) ib.<span class="bibl">3.87</span>; ἀ. ὑπό τινος <span class="bibl">Hdt. 5.126</span>; simply, <b class="b2">to be undone</b>, αὐτῶν . . ἀπωλόμεθ' ἀφραδίῃσιν <span class="bibl">Od.10.27</span>; ἀπωλώλει τῷ φόβῳ μή . . <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">Cyr.</span>6.1.2</span>: freq. in Att., esp. in pf., <b class="b3">ἀπόλωλας</b> you <b class="b2">are lost</b>, <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Nu.</span>1077</span>; ἀπωλόμεθ' ἂν εἰ μὴ ἀπολώλειμεν Plu. 2.185f; ἱκανὸν χρόνον ἀπολλύμεθα καὶ κατατετρίμμεθα <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Pax</span>355</span>; βλέπειν ἀπολωλός <span class="bibl">Philostr.Jun.<span class="title">Im.</span>2</span>:—as an imprecation, κάκιστ' ἀπολοίμην εἰ. . <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Ach.</span>151</span>, al.; κακὸς κακῶς ἀπόλοιθ' ὅστις. . <span class="bibl">Eub. 116</span>; ἐξώλης ἀπόλοιθ' ὅστις. . <span class="bibl">Men.154</span>; <b class="b3">ἀπολλύμενος</b>, opp. <b class="b3">σῳζόμενος</b>, <span class="bibl">Isoc.6.36</span>, cf. Plu.2.469d: freq. in part. fut., <b class="b3"> κάκιστ' ἀπολούμενε</b> o <b class="b2">destined to a</b> miserable <b class="b2">end!</b> i.e. o <b class="b2">thou villain, scoundrel, knave!</b> <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Pl.</span>713</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">456</span>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Ach.</span>865</span>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Pax</span>2</span>; ὁ κάκιστ' ἀνέμων ἀ. <span class="bibl">Luc.<span class="title">DDeor.</span> 14.2</span>. </span><span class="sense"> <span class="bld">2</span> in <b class="b2">NT, perish</b>, in theol. sense, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Ev.Jo.</span>3.16</span>, al.; <b class="b3">οἱ ἀπολλύμενοι</b>, opp. <b class="b3">οἱ σῳζόμενοι</b>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">1 Ep.Cor.</span>1.18</span>. </span><span class="sense"> <span class="bld">II</span> <b class="b2">to be lost</b>, <b class="b3">ὕδωρ ἀπολέσκετ'</b> (of the water eluding Tantalus) <span class="bibl">Od.11.586</span>; <b class="b3">οὔποτε καρπὸς ἀπόλλυται</b> never <b class="b2">falls untimely</b>, ib.<span class="bibl">7.117</span>; ἀπό τέ σφισιν ὕπνος ὄλωλεν <span class="bibl">Il.10.186</span>; γέλως ἐξ ἀνθρώπων ἀπόλωλεν <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">Smp.</span>1.15</span>; ἀπολόμενον ἀργύριον <span class="bibl">Antipho Soph.54</span>; ἀπώλοντο οἱ ὄνοι <span class="bibl">LXX <span class="title">1 Ki.</span>9.3</span>.</span> | ||
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|ptext=[[https://www.translatum.gr/images/pape/pape-01-0312.png Seite 312]] (s. [[ὄλλυμι]]), auch ἀπολλύω, bes. Sp.; ἀπολλύον, partic., Plat. Rep. X, 608 e; ἀπολλύουσι, von Möris als unattisch verworfen, Xen. Cyr. 4. 5, 20; ἀπολλύειν Dem. 42, 25; fut. ἀπολέσσω, Hom. in tmesi, Iliad. 12, 250 ἀπὸ θυμὸν ὀλέσσεις, att. ἀπολῶ; aor. ἀπώλεσα, Hom. Iliad. 18, 82, ἀπόλεσσαν 1, 268; perf. ἀπολώλεκα. – Med. ἀπόλλυμαι; ἀπόλλυται Hom. Od. 7, 117, ἀπολλυμένους Iliad. 7, 27; fut. ἀπολοῦμαι; aor. ἀπωλόμην; ἀπ ολέσκετο Od. 11, 586; perf. ἀπόλωλα, Iliad. 15, 129, in tmesi 10, 186; plusqu. ἀπολώλειν u. ἀπωλώλειν, die Lesart schwankt, Thuc. 4, 133; in tmesi Iliad. 10, 187. Bei Hom. wird die Präposition oft vom Verbum getrennt, auch nachgesetzt, Od. 9, 534. 11, 114. 12, 141. 13, 340. 2, 174. – 1) vernichten, zu Grunde richten, tödten, Ἴλιον ἀπώλεσεν Il. 5, 648; so bei allen Folgdn; οἱ ἀπολλύντες, die Mörder, Soph. El. 1397; ἀπολῶ σε λέγων, ich werde dich mit Reden todt machen, Ar. Nub. 891; ἀπολεῖς με, du machst mich todt, Ach. 469 u. oft; in Prosa selten tödten, gew. verderben, u., bes. im aor., verlieren; so schon Hom., πατέρ' ἐσθλὸν ἀπώλεσα Od. 2, 46; νόστιμον [[ἦμαρ]] Od. 1, 354; häufig ἀπὸ θυμὸν ὄλεσσε, er verlor (gewaltsam, durch einen Andern) das Leben; Iliad. 5, 852 μεμαὼς ἀπὸ θυμὸν [[ὀλέσσαι]], (einem Anderen) das Leben zu rauben, v. l. ἑλέσθαι; Soph. El. 26; ἔλεον Il. 24, 44; dem λαμβάνειν u. ἔχειν entgeggstzt, Plat. Parmen. 163 d Phaed. 75 d; τὴν ἀρχὴν ἀπώλεσεν ὑπὸ τῶν Μήδων, durch die Meder, Legg. III, 695 b; Xen. An. 3, 4, 11; μνήμην Plat. Phil. 34 b; ὅπλα Legg. IV, 706 c, wegwerfen. – 2) Med. u. perf. II, ἀπόλωλα, untergehen, zu Grunde gehen, durch fremde, gewaltsame Einwirkung, von Hom. an sehr häufig, umkommen, sterben, ὄλεθρον Od. 9, 303, [[μόρον]] 1, 166; vgl. ἀπ' αἰῶνος ὀλέσθαι Il. 24, 725; sonst ὀλέθρῳ, u. ähnl., φόβῳ Xen. Cyr. 6, 1, 2; ὑπό τινος 7, 1, 41; Plat. Rep. IX, 578 e; dem γίγνεσθαι oft entgeggstzt bei Plat., z. B. Parm. 156 b Crat. 50 b; übh. verloren gehen, [[ὕδωρ]], das Wasser verschwand, Od. 11, 586; καρπὸς ἀπόλλυται, neben ἀπολείπει, 7, 117; – ἀπόλωλα, ich bin verloren, es ist aus mit mir, Soph. Phil. 732 u. öfter; Xen. Cyr. 1, 3, 9; ἀπόλωλα τὠφθαλμώ Ar. Ach. 991; häufig sind die Verwünschungsformeln: κακῶς, κάκιστα ἀπ ολοίμην, ἀπόλοιτο, bes. Ar., vgl. Ach. 151. 888; Eubul. Ath. XIII, 559 b. – D. Hal. 9, 40 vrbdt τὴν παρθενίαν ἀπόλωλε, vielleicht in Beziehung auf ihre Jungfrauenschaft, oder zu ändern in ἀπολώλεκε, vgl. aber Lob. Phryn. 528. | |||
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Revision as of 19:15, 2 August 2017
English (LSJ)
or ἀπολλύω (Th.4.25, Pl.R.608e, Arist.Pol.1297a12, but f.l. in Men.580; the form is rejected by Phryn.PSp.10 B., Moer.12), impf.
A ἀπώλλυν A.Pers.652(lyr.), S.El.1360, ἀπώλλυον And.1.58: fut. ἀπολέσω, Ep. ἀπολέσσω, Att. ἀπολῶ, Ion. ἀπολέω Hdt.1.34, al.: aor. ἀπώλεσα, Ep. ἀπόλεσσα: pf. ἀπολώλεκα:—freq. in tmesi in Ep.; Prep. postponed in Od.9.534:—stronger form of ὄλλυμι, destroy utterly, kill, in Hom. mostly of death in battle, ἀπώλεσε λαὸν Ἀχαιῶν 11.5.758, al.; ἐκπάγλως ἀπόλεσσαν ib.1.268; also of things, demolish, lay waste, ἀπώλεσεν Ἴλιον ἱρήν ib.5.648, etc.; generally, βίοτον δ' ἀπὸ πάμπαν ὀλέσσει will waste my substance, Od.2.49; οἵ μ' ἀπωλλύτην sought to destroy me (impf. sense), S.OT1454; in pregnant sense, ἐπεί με γᾶς ἐκ πατρίας ἀπώλεσε drove me ruined from... E.Hec.946; τῆς παρ' ἡμέραν χάριτος τὰ μέγιστα τῆς πόλεως ἀ. for the sake of... D. 8.70. 2 λόγοις or λέγων ἀ. τινά talk or bore one to death, S.El.1360, Ar.Nu.892 (lyr.): hence, alone, in fut. ἀπολεῖς με Id.Ach.470; οἴμ' ὡς ἀπολεῖς με Pherecr.108.20; ἀπολεῖ μ' οὑτοσί by his questions, Antiph.222.8, etc. 3 ruin a woman, Lys.1.8. II lose, πατέρ' ἐσθλὸν ἀπώλεσα Od.2.46, cf. Il.18.82, Democr.272; ἀπώλεσε νόστιμον ἦμαρ Od.1.354; ἀπὸ θυμὸν ὀλέσσαι lose one's life, 11.16.861, Od.12.350; θυμὸν οὐκ ἀπώλεσεν loses not his spirit, S.El.26; ἔλεον ἀπώλεσεν 11.24.44; freq. of things, ἡ τοῦ πλέονος ἐπιθυμίη τὸ παρεὸν ἀπόλλυσι Democr.224; ἵππους ἑβδομήκοντα ἀπολλύασι Th.7.51; ἀπώλεσαν τὴν ἀρχὴν ὑπὸ Περσῶν X.An.3.4.11, cf. 7.2.22; μηδὲν ἀπολλὺς τοῦ ὄγκου Pl.Tht.155c; ἀ. οὐσίαν, = ἀπόλλυσθαι, Id.Prm.163d. B Med., ἀπόλλῠμαι: fut. -ολοῦμαι, Ion. -ολέομαι Hdt.7.218: aor. 2 -ωλόμην: pf. -όλωλα, whence the barbarous impf. ἀπόλωλο Ar.Th.1212: plpf. in Att. Prose sts. written ἀπωλώλειν in codd., as Th.4.133, 7.27:—perish, die, 11.1.117, etc.; cease to exist, opp. γίγνεσθαι, Meliss.8, Pl.Prm.156b, etc.: sts. c. acc. cogn., ἀπόλωλε κακὸν μόρον Od.1.166; ἀπωλόμεθ' αἰπὺν ὄλεθρον ib.9.303: c. dat. modi, ἀπώλετο λυγρῷ ὀλέθρῳ (v.l. λυγρὸν ὄλεθρον) ib.3.87; ἀ. ὑπό τινος Hdt. 5.126; simply, to be undone, αὐτῶν . . ἀπωλόμεθ' ἀφραδίῃσιν Od.10.27; ἀπωλώλει τῷ φόβῳ μή . . X.Cyr.6.1.2: freq. in Att., esp. in pf., ἀπόλωλας you are lost, Ar.Nu.1077; ἀπωλόμεθ' ἂν εἰ μὴ ἀπολώλειμεν Plu. 2.185f; ἱκανὸν χρόνον ἀπολλύμεθα καὶ κατατετρίμμεθα Ar.Pax355; βλέπειν ἀπολωλός Philostr.Jun.Im.2:—as an imprecation, κάκιστ' ἀπολοίμην εἰ. . Ar.Ach.151, al.; κακὸς κακῶς ἀπόλοιθ' ὅστις. . Eub. 116; ἐξώλης ἀπόλοιθ' ὅστις. . Men.154; ἀπολλύμενος, opp. σῳζόμενος, Isoc.6.36, cf. Plu.2.469d: freq. in part. fut., κάκιστ' ἀπολούμενε o destined to a miserable end! i.e. o thou villain, scoundrel, knave! Ar.Pl.713, cf. 456, Ach.865, Pax2; ὁ κάκιστ' ἀνέμων ἀ. Luc.DDeor. 14.2. 2 in NT, perish, in theol. sense, Ev.Jo.3.16, al.; οἱ ἀπολλύμενοι, opp. οἱ σῳζόμενοι, 1 Ep.Cor.1.18. II to be lost, ὕδωρ ἀπολέσκετ' (of the water eluding Tantalus) Od.11.586; οὔποτε καρπὸς ἀπόλλυται never falls untimely, ib.7.117; ἀπό τέ σφισιν ὕπνος ὄλωλεν Il.10.186; γέλως ἐξ ἀνθρώπων ἀπόλωλεν X.Smp.1.15; ἀπολόμενον ἀργύριον Antipho Soph.54; ἀπώλοντο οἱ ὄνοι LXX 1 Ki.9.3.
German (Pape)
[Seite 312] (s. ὄλλυμι), auch ἀπολλύω, bes. Sp.; ἀπολλύον, partic., Plat. Rep. X, 608 e; ἀπολλύουσι, von Möris als unattisch verworfen, Xen. Cyr. 4. 5, 20; ἀπολλύειν Dem. 42, 25; fut. ἀπολέσσω, Hom. in tmesi, Iliad. 12, 250 ἀπὸ θυμὸν ὀλέσσεις, att. ἀπολῶ; aor. ἀπώλεσα, Hom. Iliad. 18, 82, ἀπόλεσσαν 1, 268; perf. ἀπολώλεκα. – Med. ἀπόλλυμαι; ἀπόλλυται Hom. Od. 7, 117, ἀπολλυμένους Iliad. 7, 27; fut. ἀπολοῦμαι; aor. ἀπωλόμην; ἀπ ολέσκετο Od. 11, 586; perf. ἀπόλωλα, Iliad. 15, 129, in tmesi 10, 186; plusqu. ἀπολώλειν u. ἀπωλώλειν, die Lesart schwankt, Thuc. 4, 133; in tmesi Iliad. 10, 187. Bei Hom. wird die Präposition oft vom Verbum getrennt, auch nachgesetzt, Od. 9, 534. 11, 114. 12, 141. 13, 340. 2, 174. – 1) vernichten, zu Grunde richten, tödten, Ἴλιον ἀπώλεσεν Il. 5, 648; so bei allen Folgdn; οἱ ἀπολλύντες, die Mörder, Soph. El. 1397; ἀπολῶ σε λέγων, ich werde dich mit Reden todt machen, Ar. Nub. 891; ἀπολεῖς με, du machst mich todt, Ach. 469 u. oft; in Prosa selten tödten, gew. verderben, u., bes. im aor., verlieren; so schon Hom., πατέρ' ἐσθλὸν ἀπώλεσα Od. 2, 46; νόστιμον ἦμαρ Od. 1, 354; häufig ἀπὸ θυμὸν ὄλεσσε, er verlor (gewaltsam, durch einen Andern) das Leben; Iliad. 5, 852 μεμαὼς ἀπὸ θυμὸν ὀλέσσαι, (einem Anderen) das Leben zu rauben, v. l. ἑλέσθαι; Soph. El. 26; ἔλεον Il. 24, 44; dem λαμβάνειν u. ἔχειν entgeggstzt, Plat. Parmen. 163 d Phaed. 75 d; τὴν ἀρχὴν ἀπώλεσεν ὑπὸ τῶν Μήδων, durch die Meder, Legg. III, 695 b; Xen. An. 3, 4, 11; μνήμην Plat. Phil. 34 b; ὅπλα Legg. IV, 706 c, wegwerfen. – 2) Med. u. perf. II, ἀπόλωλα, untergehen, zu Grunde gehen, durch fremde, gewaltsame Einwirkung, von Hom. an sehr häufig, umkommen, sterben, ὄλεθρον Od. 9, 303, μόρον 1, 166; vgl. ἀπ' αἰῶνος ὀλέσθαι Il. 24, 725; sonst ὀλέθρῳ, u. ähnl., φόβῳ Xen. Cyr. 6, 1, 2; ὑπό τινος 7, 1, 41; Plat. Rep. IX, 578 e; dem γίγνεσθαι oft entgeggstzt bei Plat., z. B. Parm. 156 b Crat. 50 b; übh. verloren gehen, ὕδωρ, das Wasser verschwand, Od. 11, 586; καρπὸς ἀπόλλυται, neben ἀπολείπει, 7, 117; – ἀπόλωλα, ich bin verloren, es ist aus mit mir, Soph. Phil. 732 u. öfter; Xen. Cyr. 1, 3, 9; ἀπόλωλα τὠφθαλμώ Ar. Ach. 991; häufig sind die Verwünschungsformeln: κακῶς, κάκιστα ἀπ ολοίμην, ἀπόλοιτο, bes. Ar., vgl. Ach. 151. 888; Eubul. Ath. XIII, 559 b. – D. Hal. 9, 40 vrbdt τὴν παρθενίαν ἀπόλωλε, vielleicht in Beziehung auf ihre Jungfrauenschaft, oder zu ändern in ἀπολώλεκε, vgl. aber Lob. Phryn. 528.
