ψῆφος: Difference between revisions
ὃν οὐ τύπτει λόγος οὐδὲ ῥάβδος → if words don't get through, neither a beating will | if the carrot doesn't work, the stick will not work either | whom words do not strike, neither does the rod
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|Definition=Dor. ψᾶφος, Aeol. ψᾶφαξ, ἡ, gen. pl. <span class="sense"><p> <span class="bld">A</span> ψηφάων <span class="bibl">Man.4.448</span>: (ψάω):—<b class="b2">a small round worn stone, pebble</b>, ψᾶφος ἑλισσομένα <span class="bibl">Pi.<span class="title">O.</span> 10(11).9</span>; <b class="b3">οὐκ ἂν εἰδείην λέγειν ποντιᾶν ψάφων ἀριθμόν</b> ib.<span class="bibl">13.46</span>; <b class="b3">ψήφῳ μούνῃ διατετρανέεις</b>, opp. <b class="b3">μόγις ἂν λίθῳ παίσας διαρρήξειας</b>, <span class="bibl">Hdt. 3.12</span>; <b class="b3">ψ. ἄμμου</b> a <b class="b2">grain</b> of sand, <span class="bibl">LXX<span class="title">Si.</span>18.10</span>. </span><span class="sense"> <span class="bld">2</span> <b class="b2">precious stone, gem</b>, <span class="bibl">Philostr.<span class="title">VA</span>3.27</span>; esp. worn in a ring, <span class="bibl">Luc.<span class="title">DMeretr.</span>9</span>. </span><span class="sense"> <span class="bld">II</span> acc. to the various uses made of such pebbles: </span><span class="sense"> <span class="bld">1</span> <b class="b2">pebble used for reckoning, counter</b>, <b class="b3">λογίζεσθαι ψήφοις</b> calculate or reckon by <b class="b2">abacus, cipher</b>, <span class="bibl">Hdt.2.36</span>, etc.: hence to reckon <b class="b2">exactly</b> or <b class="b2">accurately</b>, opp. <b class="b3">ἀπὸ χειρὸς λ</b>., <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">V.</span>656</span> (anap.); οὐ τιθεὶς ψήφους <span class="bibl">D.18.229</span>; ἐν ψήφῳ λέγειν <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Ag.</span>570</span>; ἐν ψήφου λόγῳ θέσθαι <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Rh.</span> 309</span>: metaph., ταῖς τοῦ συμφέροντος ψήφοις μετρεῖν τὰς ἔχθρας καὶ τὰς φιλίας <span class="bibl">Plb.2.47.5</span>: hence <b class="b3">ψῆφος</b> itself for a <b class="b2">cipher, number</b>, <b class="b3">πὸτ ἄρτιον</b> (sc. <b class="b3">ἀριθμὸν</b>) ποτθέμειν . . ψᾶφον <span class="bibl">Epich.170</span>: pl., <b class="b2">accounts</b>, <b class="b3">καθαραὶ ψ</b>., where there is an exact balance, <span class="bibl">D.18.227</span>; οἱ περὶ τὰς ψ. <b class="b2">calculators</b>, <span class="bibl">Alciphr.1.26</span>; ψήφων ἄπειρος Plu.2.812e; <b class="b3">δακτυλικὴ ψ</b>. <b class="b2">reckoning</b> on the fingers, <span class="title">AP</span>11.290 (Pall.); of astrological <b class="b2">calculations</b>, <span class="bibl">Vett.Val.10.15</span>, al. </span><span class="sense"> <span class="bld">b</span> in Magic, <b class="b3">κατέχων τὴν ψ</b>. (i. e. the object on which the <b class="b2">number</b> is written) <b class="b3">λέγε</b> . . <span class="title">PMag.Par.</span>1.1048, cf. 937. </span><span class="sense"> <span class="bld">2</span> <b class="b2">pebble used for a draughts-</b> or <b class="b2">chess-man</b>, <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">R.</span>487c</span>; κύβος ἐν παιδιᾷ ψήφων Plu.2.427f. </span><span class="sense"> <span class="bld">b</span> <b class="b2">pebble</b> used by jugglers, ψηφάων παῖκται <span class="bibl">Man.4.448</span>. </span><span class="sense"> <span class="bld">3</span> <b class="b2">pebble used in divination</b>, ἡ διὰ ψήφων μαντική <span class="bibl">Apollod.3.10.2</span>. </span><span class="sense"> <span class="bld">4</span> <b class="b2">cube</b> used in mosaic pavements, <span class="bibl">Gal.<span class="title">Protr.</span>8</span>. </span><span class="sense"> <span class="bld">5</span> <b class="b2">pebble used in voting</b>, ψήφῳ ψηφίζεσθαι <span class="bibl">Hdt.9.55</span>; ἐὰν μὴ τῇ ψ . . . ψηφίσωνται κρύβδην ψηφιζόμενοι <span class="bibl">D.59.89</span>: hence, <b class="b2">the vote</b> itself, <b class="b3">ψῆφον φέρειν</b> give <b class="b2">one's vote</b>, ἐν καρδίᾳ ψ. φέροντες <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Eu.</span>680</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">And.1.2</span>, <span class="bibl">D.57.61</span>, etc.; ὑπέρ τινος <span class="bibl">Lycurg.7</span>; περί τινος <span class="bibl">Id.11</span>, etc.; ψήφου φορά <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Supp.</span>484</span>; <b class="b3">ψῆφον τίθεσθαι</b>, = [[ψηφίζεσθαι]], <span class="bibl">Hdt.8.123</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">6.57</span>; εἰς τεῦχος . . ψήφους ἔθεντο <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Ag.</span>816</span>; c. inf., <span class="bibl">Hdt.3.73</span>; ψ. προσθέσθαι <span class="bibl">Th.1.40</span>; <b class="b3">ψήφῳ διαιρεῖν</b> to determine <b class="b2">by vote</b>, <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Eu.</span>630</span>; <b class="b3">ψήφῳ κρίνειν</b>, <span class="bibl">Th.1.87</span>, etc.; μεταλαβὼν τὸ πέμπτον μέρος τῶν ψ. <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Ap.</span>36b</span>, cf. Lex ap.<span class="bibl">D.21.47</span>: in collect. sense, <b class="b3">ἐχρῆν . . ψ. περὶ αὐτοῦ γενέσθαι</b> <b class="b2">a vote</b> is taken, <span class="bibl">Antipho 5.47</span>; ἡ καθαιροῦσα ψ. <span class="bibl">Lys.13.37</span>; ἡ σῴζουσα ψ. <span class="bibl">D.19.66</span>; <b class="b3">οἷς ἂν πλείστη γένηται ψ</b>. a majority <b class="b2">of votes</b>, <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Lg.</span>759d</span>: <b class="b3">τὴν ψῆφον ἐπάγειν</b> to put <b class="b2">the vote</b> or <b class="b2">question</b>, of the president, <span class="bibl">Th.1.119</span>, <span class="bibl">125</span>; ψῆφον δοῦναι περί τινος <span class="title">IG</span>22.222.24, cf. <span class="bibl">D.21.188</span>; ψ. ἀναδοὺς περί τινος <span class="bibl">App.<span class="title">BC</span>1.100</span>; so ψ. περὶ ἡμῶν ὑπὲρ ἀνδραποδισμοῦ προτεθεῖσαν <span class="bibl">D.19.65</span>; <b class="b3">διένεμον</b> (vv. ll. <b class="b3">διενέμοντο, ἔφερον</b>) <b class="b3"> τὰς ψ</b>. were casting their <b class="b2">votes</b>, <span class="bibl">Hdt.8.123</span>; <b class="b3">ὑπὸ ψήφου μιᾶς</b> with one <b class="b2">accord</b>, <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Lys.</span>270</span>; <b class="b3">ψ. φανερά</b> open <b class="b2">voting</b>, ψ. φανερὰν διενεγκεῖν <span class="bibl">Th.4.74</span>; τὴν ψ. οὐκ εἰς καδίσκους ἀλλὰ φανερὰν ἐπὶ τὰς τραπέζας τίθεσθαι <span class="bibl">Lys.13.37</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Lg.</span>767d</span>, <span class="bibl">855d</span>; opp. <b class="b3">ψ. ἀφανής</b> <b class="b2">voting</b> by ballot, <span class="bibl">Aeschin.3.233</span>; κρύβδην τὴν ψ. φέρειν <span class="bibl">Arist. <span class="title">Rh.Al.</span>1433a23</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">1424b2</span>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Ath.</span>69.1</span>. </span><span class="sense"> <span class="bld">b</span> <b class="b2">that which is carried by vote, a vote</b>, <b class="b3">ψ. καταγνώσεως</b> <b class="b2">a vote</b> of condemnation, <span class="bibl">Th.3.82</span>; <b class="b3">ψῆφος αὐτῷ ἐπῆκτο περὶ φυγῆς</b> <b class="b2">a vote</b> of banishment was moved for against him, <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">An.</span>7.7.57</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Th.</span>198</span>; ψήφῳ πόλεως γνωσθεῖσαι <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Supp.</span>7</span> (anap.):—hence, </span><span class="sense"> <span class="bld">c</span> <b class="b2">any resolve</b> or <b class="b2">decree</b>, ψ. τυράννων <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">Ant.</span>60</span>; <b class="b3">λιθίνα ψᾶφος</b> <b class="b2">a decree</b> written on stone, <span class="bibl">Pi.<span class="title">O.</span>7.87</span>; <b class="b3">διδοῖ ψᾶφον περ' αὐτᾶς</b> [the oak] gives <b class="b2">judgement</b> of itself, <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">P.</span>4.265</span>; <b class="b3">ψ. φλεγυρὰ βροτῶν</b>, i. e. <b class="b2">public opinion</b>, <span class="bibl">Cratin.57</span> (lyr.); <b class="b3">τίν' ἂν ψῆφον θεῖο;</b> what <b class="b2">judgment</b> . . ? <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Prt.</span>330c</span>, cf. <span class="bibl"><span class="title">R.</span>450a</span>; ἡ ἐμὴ ψ. <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Phlb.</span> 57a</span>. </span><span class="sense"> <span class="bld">d</span> <b class="b3">Ἀθηνᾶς ψ</b>., <b class="b2">calculus Minervae</b>, prov. phrase to express <b class="b2">acquittal</b>, when the votes were even, <span class="bibl">Philostr.<span class="title">VS</span>2.3</span>. </span><span class="sense"> <span class="bld">e</span> <b class="b3">ψ</b>. is sts. omitted, κἂν ἴσαι γένωνται <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Ra.</span>685</span> (lyr.); πάσαις κρατεῖν Luc.<b class="b2">Bis Acc</b>.18, cf. 22. </span><span class="sense"> <span class="bld">f</span> <b class="b3">Διὸς ψῆφος</b> (ψῆφοι Hsch.), prov. <b class="b3">ἐπὶ τῶν ἱερῶν καὶ ἀθίκτων</b>, of the scene of contest betw. Athena and Poseidon, Suid., etc. </span><span class="sense"> <span class="bld">g</span> <b class="b3">Κόννου ψ</b>., <b class="b2">negligible quantity, cipher</b>, <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">V.</span>675</span> (anap.), cf. [[Κοννᾶς]]. </span><span class="sense"> <span class="bld">6</span> <b class="b2">place of voting, tribunal</b>, <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">IT</span>945</span>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">El.</span> 1263</span>. </span><span class="sense"> <span class="bld">7</span> metaph., <b class="b2">influence</b>, πόλις μεγάλην ψ. ἔχουσα <span class="bibl">Lib.<span class="title">Or.</span>18.13</span>.</span> | |Definition=Dor. ψᾶφος, Aeol. ψᾶφαξ, ἡ, gen. pl. <span class="sense"><p> <span class="bld">A</span> ψηφάων <span class="bibl">Man.4.448</span>: (ψάω):—<b class="b2">a small round worn stone, pebble</b>, ψᾶφος ἑλισσομένα <span class="bibl">Pi.<span class="title">O.</span> 10(11).9</span>; <b class="b3">οὐκ ἂν εἰδείην λέγειν ποντιᾶν ψάφων ἀριθμόν</b> ib.<span class="bibl">13.46</span>; <b class="b3">ψήφῳ μούνῃ διατετρανέεις</b>, opp. <b class="b3">μόγις ἂν λίθῳ παίσας διαρρήξειας</b>, <span class="bibl">Hdt. 3.12</span>; <b class="b3">ψ. ἄμμου</b> a <b class="b2">grain</b> of sand, <span class="bibl">LXX<span class="title">Si.</span>18.10</span>. </span><span class="sense"> <span class="bld">2</span> <b class="b2">precious stone, gem</b>, <span class="bibl">Philostr.<span class="title">VA</span>3.27</span>; esp. worn in a ring, <span class="bibl">Luc.<span class="title">DMeretr.</span>9</span>. </span><span class="sense"> <span class="bld">II</span> acc. to the various uses made of such pebbles: </span><span class="sense"> <span class="bld">1</span> <b class="b2">pebble used for reckoning, counter</b>, <b class="b3">λογίζεσθαι ψήφοις</b> calculate or reckon by <b class="b2">abacus, cipher</b>, <span class="bibl">Hdt.2.36</span>, etc.: hence to reckon <b class="b2">exactly</b> or <b class="b2">accurately</b>, opp. <b class="b3">ἀπὸ χειρὸς λ</b>., <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">V.</span>656</span> (anap.); οὐ τιθεὶς ψήφους <span class="bibl">D.18.229</span>; ἐν ψήφῳ λέγειν <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Ag.</span>570</span>; ἐν ψήφου λόγῳ θέσθαι <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Rh.</span> 309</span>: metaph., ταῖς τοῦ συμφέροντος ψήφοις μετρεῖν τὰς ἔχθρας καὶ τὰς φιλίας <span class="bibl">Plb.2.47.5</span>: hence <b class="b3">ψῆφος</b> itself for a <b class="b2">cipher, number</b>, <b class="b3">πὸτ ἄρτιον</b> (sc. <b class="b3">ἀριθμὸν</b>) ποτθέμειν . . ψᾶφον <span class="bibl">Epich.170</span>: pl., <b class="b2">accounts</b>, <b class="b3">καθαραὶ ψ</b>., where there is an exact balance, <span class="bibl">D.18.227</span>; οἱ περὶ τὰς ψ. <b class="b2">calculators</b>, <span class="bibl">Alciphr.1.26</span>; ψήφων ἄπειρος Plu.2.812e; <b class="b3">δακτυλικὴ ψ</b>. <b class="b2">reckoning</b> on the fingers, <span class="title">AP</span>11.290 (Pall.); of astrological <b class="b2">calculations</b>, <span class="bibl">Vett.Val.10.15</span>, al. </span><span class="sense"> <span class="bld">b</span> in Magic, <b class="b3">κατέχων τὴν ψ</b>. (i. e. the object on which the <b class="b2">number</b> is written) <b class="b3">λέγε</b> . . <span class="title">PMag.Par.</span>1.1048, cf. 937. </span><span class="sense"> <span class="bld">2</span> <b class="b2">pebble used for a draughts-</b> or <b class="b2">chess-man</b>, <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">R.</span>487c</span>; κύβος ἐν παιδιᾷ ψήφων Plu.2.427f. </span><span class="sense"> <span class="bld">b</span> <b class="b2">pebble</b> used by jugglers, ψηφάων παῖκται <span class="bibl">Man.4.448</span>. </span><span class="sense"> <span class="bld">3</span> <b class="b2">pebble used in divination</b>, ἡ διὰ ψήφων μαντική <span class="bibl">Apollod.3.10.2</span>. </span><span class="sense"> <span class="bld">4</span> <b class="b2">cube</b> used in mosaic pavements, <span class="bibl">Gal.<span class="title">Protr.</span>8</span>. </span><span class="sense"> <span class="bld">5</span> <b class="b2">pebble used in voting</b>, ψήφῳ ψηφίζεσθαι <span class="bibl">Hdt.9.55</span>; ἐὰν μὴ τῇ ψ . . . ψηφίσωνται κρύβδην ψηφιζόμενοι <span class="bibl">D.59.89</span>: hence, <b class="b2">the vote</b> itself, <b class="b3">ψῆφον φέρειν</b> give <b class="b2">one's vote</b>, ἐν καρδίᾳ ψ. φέροντες <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Eu.</span>680</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">And.1.2</span>, <span class="bibl">D.57.61</span>, etc.; ὑπέρ τινος <span class="bibl">Lycurg.7</span>; περί τινος <span class="bibl">Id.11</span>, etc.; ψήφου φορά <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Supp.</span>484</span>; <b class="b3">ψῆφον τίθεσθαι</b>, = [[ψηφίζεσθαι]], <span class="bibl">Hdt.8.123</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">6.57</span>; εἰς τεῦχος . . ψήφους ἔθεντο <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Ag.</span>816</span>; c. inf., <span class="bibl">Hdt.3.73</span>; ψ. προσθέσθαι <span class="bibl">Th.1.40</span>; <b class="b3">ψήφῳ διαιρεῖν</b> to determine <b class="b2">by vote</b>, <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Eu.</span>630</span>; <b class="b3">ψήφῳ κρίνειν</b>, <span class="bibl">Th.1.87</span>, etc.; μεταλαβὼν τὸ πέμπτον μέρος τῶν ψ. <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Ap.</span>36b</span>, cf. Lex ap.<span class="bibl">D.21.47</span>: in collect. sense, <b class="b3">ἐχρῆν . . ψ. περὶ αὐτοῦ γενέσθαι</b> <b class="b2">a vote</b> is taken, <span class="bibl">Antipho 5.47</span>; ἡ καθαιροῦσα ψ. <span class="bibl">Lys.13.37</span>; ἡ σῴζουσα ψ. <span class="bibl">D.19.66</span>; <b class="b3">οἷς ἂν πλείστη γένηται ψ</b>. a majority <b class="b2">of votes</b>, <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Lg.</span>759d</span>: <b class="b3">τὴν ψῆφον ἐπάγειν</b> to put <b class="b2">the vote</b> or <b class="b2">question</b>, of the president, <span class="bibl">Th.1.119</span>, <span class="bibl">125</span>; ψῆφον δοῦναι περί τινος <span class="title">IG</span>22.222.24, cf. <span class="bibl">D.21.188</span>; ψ. ἀναδοὺς περί τινος <span class="bibl">App.<span class="title">BC</span>1.100</span>; so ψ. περὶ ἡμῶν ὑπὲρ ἀνδραποδισμοῦ προτεθεῖσαν <span class="bibl">D.19.65</span>; <b class="b3">διένεμον</b> (vv. ll. <b class="b3">διενέμοντο, ἔφερον</b>) <b class="b3"> τὰς ψ</b>. were casting their <b class="b2">votes</b>, <span class="bibl">Hdt.8.123</span>; <b class="b3">ὑπὸ ψήφου μιᾶς</b> with one <b class="b2">accord</b>, <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Lys.</span>270</span>; <b class="b3">ψ. φανερά</b> open <b class="b2">voting</b>, ψ. φανερὰν διενεγκεῖν <span class="bibl">Th.4.74</span>; τὴν ψ. οὐκ εἰς καδίσκους ἀλλὰ φανερὰν ἐπὶ τὰς τραπέζας τίθεσθαι <span class="bibl">Lys.13.37</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Lg.</span>767d</span>, <span class="bibl">855d</span>; opp. <b class="b3">ψ. ἀφανής</b> <b class="b2">voting</b> by ballot, <span class="bibl">Aeschin.3.233</span>; κρύβδην τὴν ψ. φέρειν <span class="bibl">Arist. <span class="title">Rh.Al.</span>1433a23</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">1424b2</span>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Ath.</span>69.1</span>. </span><span class="sense"> <span class="bld">b</span> <b class="b2">that which is carried by vote, a vote</b>, <b class="b3">ψ. καταγνώσεως</b> <b class="b2">a vote</b> of condemnation, <span class="bibl">Th.3.82</span>; <b class="b3">ψῆφος αὐτῷ ἐπῆκτο περὶ φυγῆς</b> <b class="b2">a vote</b> of banishment was moved for against him, <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">An.</span>7.7.57</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Th.</span>198</span>; ψήφῳ πόλεως γνωσθεῖσαι <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Supp.</span>7</span> (anap.):—hence, </span><span class="sense"> <span class="bld">c</span> <b class="b2">any resolve</b> or <b class="b2">decree</b>, ψ. τυράννων <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">Ant.</span>60</span>; <b class="b3">λιθίνα ψᾶφος</b> <b class="b2">a decree</b> written on stone, <span class="bibl">Pi.<span class="title">O.</span>7.87</span>; <b class="b3">διδοῖ ψᾶφον περ' αὐτᾶς</b> [the oak] gives <b class="b2">judgement</b> of itself, <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">P.</span>4.265</span>; <b class="b3">ψ. φλεγυρὰ βροτῶν</b>, i. e. <b class="b2">public opinion</b>, <span class="bibl">Cratin.57</span> (lyr.); <b class="b3">τίν' ἂν ψῆφον θεῖο;</b> what <b class="b2">judgment</b> . . ? <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Prt.</span>330c</span>, cf. <span class="bibl"><span class="title">R.</span>450a</span>; ἡ ἐμὴ ψ. <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Phlb.</span> 57a</span>. </span><span class="sense"> <span class="bld">d</span> <b class="b3">Ἀθηνᾶς ψ</b>., <b class="b2">calculus Minervae</b>, prov. phrase to express <b class="b2">acquittal</b>, when the votes were even, <span class="bibl">Philostr.<span class="title">VS</span>2.3</span>. </span><span class="sense"> <span class="bld">e</span> <b class="b3">ψ</b>. is sts. omitted, κἂν ἴσαι γένωνται <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Ra.</span>685</span> (lyr.); πάσαις κρατεῖν Luc.<b class="b2">Bis Acc</b>.18, cf. 22. </span><span class="sense"> <span class="bld">f</span> <b class="b3">Διὸς ψῆφος</b> (ψῆφοι Hsch.), prov. <b class="b3">ἐπὶ τῶν ἱερῶν καὶ ἀθίκτων</b>, of the scene of contest betw. Athena and Poseidon, Suid., etc. </span><span class="sense"> <span class="bld">g</span> <b class="b3">Κόννου ψ</b>., <b class="b2">negligible quantity, cipher</b>, <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">V.</span>675</span> (anap.), cf. [[Κοννᾶς]]. </span><span class="sense"> <span class="bld">6</span> <b class="b2">place of voting, tribunal</b>, <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">IT</span>945</span>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">El.</span> 1263</span>. </span><span class="sense"> <span class="bld">7</span> metaph., <b class="b2">influence</b>, πόλις μεγάλην ψ. ἔχουσα <span class="bibl">Lib.<span class="title">Or.</span>18.13</span>.</span> | ||
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|ptext=[[https://www.translatum.gr/images/pape/pape-02-1398.png Seite 1398]] ἡ, ein <b class="b2">Steinchen,</b> bes. ein kleiner abgeriebener, geglätteter, gerundeter Stein, ein Kiesel, ein glattgeriebener Flußkiesel; Pind. ποντία, Ol. 13, 44; auch ein künstlich geglätteter, polirter Stein, 7, 87; dah. Steinchen zu Mosaikarbeiten, Sp., auch Edelstein, δακτυλική, im Ringe, Pallad. 87 (XI, 290). – Dergleichen Steinchen wurden aber bes. gebraucht – a) zum Zählen od. Rechnen; ἐν ψήφῳ λέγειν, anrechnen, Aesch. Ag. 556; στρατοῦ [[πλῆθος]] οὐδ' ἂν ἐν ψήφου λόγῳ θέσθαι δυναίμην Eur. Rhes. 369; Rechenpfennig, Zahlzeichen, Her. 2, 36; vgl. Euen. 16 (IX, 251); D. Sic. 12, 13; αἱ ἐπὶ τῶν ἀβακίων ψῆφοι Pol. 5, 26, 13; οἱ περὶ τὰς ψήφους, der Rechner od. Wechsler, Ath. VII, 305; Alciphr. 1, 26; καθαραὶ ψῆφοι, reine Rechnung, die aufgeht, Dem. 18, 227. – b) der Stein im Brettspiel; – [[ψήφων]] [[παιδιά]], Taschenspielerei, οὐκ ἐν ψήφοις, ἀλλ' ἐν λόγοις Plat. Rep. VI, 487 c. – c) ein Steinchen oder Loos, womit eine Art Wahrsagerei getrieben wurde, ἡ διὰ τῶν [[ψήφων]] μαντική, Heyne Apoll. 3, 10, 2. 9 p. 274. – d) am häufigsten bes. bei Att. das Steinchen, dessen man sich zum Abgeben der Stimme bediente, das man in die Stimmurne, [[ὑδρία]] warf, Her. 8, 123; dah. auch die Stimme selbst, die man bei Wahlen od. beim Abstimmen über Beschlüsse abgiebt, ψήφου [[φορά]] Eur. Suppl. 500; εἰς ψῆφον ἔρχεται [[πόλεμος]], er kommt zur Abstimmung, Entscheidung, 497; ψῆφον φέρειν, seine Stimme abgeben, Aesch. Eum. 645, u. öfter; Eur.; in Prosa, Plat., Andoc. 1, 2, [[ὑπέρ]] τινος, Lycurg. 7. 147. 149, [[περί]] τινος, 11. 13; ψῆφον θέσθαι, Aesch. Ag. 790 Suppl. 631; οὐδὲ μετ' ἀρσένων ψῆφον ἔθεντο 634; Lycurg. 13. 128; vgl. Dem. 29, 4; aber bei Her. 8, 123 ist ψῆφον τίθεσθαι »sich selbst seine Stitume geben«; διαφέρειν, Aesch. 3, 198; προσθέσθαι τινί, zu Jemandes Gunsten stimmen, Dem. 57, 69; διδόναι δήμῳ τὴν ψῆφον, abstimmen lassen, 59, 90; τὴν ψῆφον ἐπάγειν, dasselbe, Thuc. 1, 119. 125; [[ψῆφος]] ἐπῆκτο αὐτῷ περὶ φυγῆς, es wird auf Verbannung gegen ihn angetragen, Xen. An. 7, 7,57; [[ψῆφος]] κατ' αὐτῶν ὀλεθρία βουλεύσεται Aesch. Spt. 181; ψήφῳ διαιρεῖν τοῦδε πράγματος πέρι Eum. 600; μή μ' ἁπλῇ κτάνῃς ψήφῳ, [[διπλῇ]] δέ, τῇ τ' ἐμῇ καὶ σῇ Soph. O. R. 607; Eur., der es sogar für Gerichtshof braucht, vom Areopag, I. T. 915; u. Ar., [[κατά]] τινος τὴν ψῆφον ἰχνεύειν Equ. 805, Schol. καταδικάσαι, ψήφῳ [[δακεῖν]] Ach. 354, Schol. οἷον καταδικάζειν; Plat. οἷς ἂν πλείστη γένηται [[ψῆφος]], Legg. VI, 759 d; οὐ μεταλαβὼν τὸ πέμπτον [[μέρος]] τῶν [[ψήφων]] XII, 948 a; νικᾷ γὰρ πάσαισι ταῖς ψήφοις ὁ [[νόμος]] VII, 801 a; φανερὰ [[ψῆφος]], offene Abstimmung, Xen. Hell. 2, 4,9; vgl. Thuc. 5, 74; ἄγειν ὑπὸ τὴν ὑμετέραν ψῆφον Dem. 59, 126; ἔρχεσθαι ὑπὸ τὴν τῶν δικαστηρίων ψῆφον Aesch. 3, 19; ὑποχείρι ον ἔχοντες τῇ ψήφῳ Lycurg. 115, wie ἔχειν ὑπὸ τῇ ψήφῳ 2; – übertr., ταῖς τοῦ συμφέροντος ψήφοις μετρεῖν πάντα Pol. 2, 47, 5; – Abstimmung, ἐν μιᾷ ψήφῳ καὶ ἑνὶ ἀγῶνι Is. 6, 4; Stimmrecht, u. der durch Stimmenmehrheit gefaßte Beschluß, bes. einer Volksversammlung; aber auch τυράννων, Soph. Ant. 60, vgl. 628; übh. Urtheil, öffentliche Stimme, σὺ δὲ τίν' ἂν ψῆφον θεῖο Plat. Prot. 330 c; [[ψῆφος]] φλεγυρὰ βροτῶν Cratin. bei Ath. VIII, 344; – ψῆφοι ἱεραί sind heilige Bücher, Euen. 6 (XII, 172). | |||
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Revision as of 19:48, 2 August 2017
English (LSJ)
Dor. ψᾶφος, Aeol. ψᾶφαξ, ἡ, gen. pl.
A ψηφάων Man.4.448: (ψάω):—a small round worn stone, pebble, ψᾶφος ἑλισσομένα Pi.O. 10(11).9; οὐκ ἂν εἰδείην λέγειν ποντιᾶν ψάφων ἀριθμόν ib.13.46; ψήφῳ μούνῃ διατετρανέεις, opp. μόγις ἂν λίθῳ παίσας διαρρήξειας, Hdt. 3.12; ψ. ἄμμου a grain of sand, LXXSi.18.10. 2 precious stone, gem, Philostr.VA3.27; esp. worn in a ring, Luc.DMeretr.9. II acc. to the various uses made of such pebbles: 1 pebble used for reckoning, counter, λογίζεσθαι ψήφοις calculate or reckon by abacus, cipher, Hdt.2.36, etc.: hence to reckon exactly or accurately, opp. ἀπὸ χειρὸς λ., Ar.V.656 (anap.); οὐ τιθεὶς ψήφους D.18.229; ἐν ψήφῳ λέγειν A.Ag.570; ἐν ψήφου λόγῳ θέσθαι E.Rh. 309: metaph., ταῖς τοῦ συμφέροντος ψήφοις μετρεῖν τὰς ἔχθρας καὶ τὰς φιλίας Plb.2.47.5: hence ψῆφος itself for a cipher, number, πὸτ ἄρτιον (sc. ἀριθμὸν) ποτθέμειν . . ψᾶφον Epich.170: pl., accounts, καθαραὶ ψ., where there is an exact balance, D.18.227; οἱ περὶ τὰς ψ. calculators, Alciphr.1.26; ψήφων ἄπειρος Plu.2.812e; δακτυλικὴ ψ. reckoning on the fingers, AP11.290 (Pall.); of astrological calculations, Vett.Val.10.15, al. b in Magic, κατέχων τὴν ψ. (i. e. the object on which the number is written) λέγε . . PMag.Par.1.1048, cf. 937. 2 pebble used for a draughts- or chess-man, Pl.R.487c; κύβος ἐν παιδιᾷ ψήφων Plu.2.427f. b pebble used by jugglers, ψηφάων παῖκται Man.4.448. 3 pebble used in divination, ἡ διὰ ψήφων μαντική Apollod.3.10.2. 4 cube used in mosaic pavements, Gal.Protr.8. 5 pebble used in voting, ψήφῳ ψηφίζεσθαι Hdt.9.55; ἐὰν μὴ τῇ ψ . . . ψηφίσωνται κρύβδην ψηφιζόμενοι D.59.89: hence, the vote itself, ψῆφον φέρειν give one's vote, ἐν καρδίᾳ ψ. φέροντες A.Eu.680, cf. And.1.2, D.57.61, etc.; ὑπέρ τινος Lycurg.7; περί τινος Id.11, etc.; ψήφου φορά E.Supp.484; ψῆφον τίθεσθαι, = ψηφίζεσθαι, Hdt.8.123, cf. 6.57; εἰς τεῦχος . . ψήφους ἔθεντο A.Ag.816; c. inf., Hdt.3.73; ψ. προσθέσθαι Th.1.40; ψήφῳ διαιρεῖν to determine by vote, A.Eu.630; ψήφῳ κρίνειν, Th.1.87, etc.; μεταλαβὼν τὸ πέμπτον μέρος τῶν ψ. Pl.Ap.36b, cf. Lex ap.D.21.47: in collect. sense, ἐχρῆν . . ψ. περὶ αὐτοῦ γενέσθαι a vote is taken, Antipho 5.47; ἡ καθαιροῦσα ψ. Lys.13.37; ἡ σῴζουσα ψ. D.19.66; οἷς ἂν πλείστη γένηται ψ. a majority of votes, Pl.Lg.759d: τὴν ψῆφον ἐπάγειν to put the vote or question, of the president, Th.1.119, 125; ψῆφον δοῦναι περί τινος IG22.222.24, cf. D.21.188; ψ. ἀναδοὺς περί τινος App.BC1.100; so ψ. περὶ ἡμῶν ὑπὲρ ἀνδραποδισμοῦ προτεθεῖσαν D.19.65; διένεμον (vv. ll. διενέμοντο, ἔφερον) τὰς ψ. were casting their votes, Hdt.8.123; ὑπὸ ψήφου μιᾶς with one accord, Ar.Lys.270; ψ. φανερά open voting, ψ. φανερὰν διενεγκεῖν Th.4.74; τὴν ψ. οὐκ εἰς καδίσκους ἀλλὰ φανερὰν ἐπὶ τὰς τραπέζας τίθεσθαι Lys.13.37, cf. Pl.Lg.767d, 855d; opp. ψ. ἀφανής voting by ballot, Aeschin.3.233; κρύβδην τὴν ψ. φέρειν Arist. Rh.Al.1433a23, cf. 1424b2, Ath.69.1. b that which is carried by vote, a vote, ψ. καταγνώσεως a vote of condemnation, Th.3.82; ψῆφος αὐτῷ ἐπῆκτο περὶ φυγῆς a vote of banishment was moved for against him, X.An.7.7.57, cf. A.Th.198; ψήφῳ πόλεως γνωσθεῖσαι Id.Supp.7 (anap.):—hence, c any resolve or decree, ψ. τυράννων S.Ant.60; λιθίνα ψᾶφος a decree written on stone, Pi.O.7.87; διδοῖ ψᾶφον περ' αὐτᾶς [the oak] gives judgement of itself, Id.P.4.265; ψ. φλεγυρὰ βροτῶν, i. e. public opinion, Cratin.57 (lyr.); τίν' ἂν ψῆφον θεῖο; what judgment . . ? Pl.Prt.330c, cf. R.450a; ἡ ἐμὴ ψ. Id.Phlb. 57a. d Ἀθηνᾶς ψ., calculus Minervae, prov. phrase to express acquittal, when the votes were even, Philostr.VS2.3. e ψ. is sts. omitted, κἂν ἴσαι γένωνται Ar.Ra.685 (lyr.); πάσαις κρατεῖν Luc.Bis Acc.18, cf. 22. f Διὸς ψῆφος (ψῆφοι Hsch.), prov. ἐπὶ τῶν ἱερῶν καὶ ἀθίκτων, of the scene of contest betw. Athena and Poseidon, Suid., etc. g Κόννου ψ., negligible quantity, cipher, Ar.V.675 (anap.), cf. Κοννᾶς. 6 place of voting, tribunal, E.IT945, El. 1263. 7 metaph., influence, πόλις μεγάλην ψ. ἔχουσα Lib.Or.18.13.
German (Pape)
[Seite 1398] ἡ, ein Steinchen, bes. ein kleiner abgeriebener, geglätteter, gerundeter Stein, ein Kiesel, ein glattgeriebener Flußkiesel; Pind. ποντία, Ol. 13, 44; auch ein künstlich geglätteter, polirter Stein, 7, 87; dah. Steinchen zu Mosaikarbeiten, Sp., auch Edelstein, δακτυλική, im Ringe, Pallad. 87 (XI, 290). – Dergleichen Steinchen wurden aber bes. gebraucht – a) zum Zählen od. Rechnen; ἐν ψήφῳ λέγειν, anrechnen, Aesch. Ag. 556; στρατοῦ πλῆθος οὐδ' ἂν ἐν ψήφου λόγῳ θέσθαι δυναίμην Eur. Rhes. 369; Rechenpfennig, Zahlzeichen, Her. 2, 36; vgl. Euen. 16 (IX, 251); D. Sic. 12, 13; αἱ ἐπὶ τῶν ἀβακίων ψῆφοι Pol. 5, 26, 13; οἱ περὶ τὰς ψήφους, der Rechner od. Wechsler, Ath. VII, 305; Alciphr. 1, 26; καθαραὶ ψῆφοι, reine Rechnung, die aufgeht, Dem. 18, 227. – b) der Stein im Brettspiel; – ψήφων παιδιά, Taschenspielerei, οὐκ ἐν ψήφοις, ἀλλ' ἐν λόγοις Plat. Rep. VI, 487 c. – c) ein Steinchen oder Loos, womit eine Art Wahrsagerei getrieben wurde, ἡ διὰ τῶν ψήφων μαντική, Heyne Apoll. 3, 10, 2. 9 p. 274. – d) am häufigsten bes. bei Att. das Steinchen, dessen man sich zum Abgeben der Stimme bediente, das man in die Stimmurne, ὑδρία warf, Her. 8, 123; dah. auch die Stimme selbst, die man bei Wahlen od. beim Abstimmen über Beschlüsse abgiebt, ψήφου φορά Eur. Suppl. 500; εἰς ψῆφον ἔρχεται πόλεμος, er kommt zur Abstimmung, Entscheidung, 497; ψῆφον φέρειν, seine Stimme abgeben, Aesch. Eum. 645, u. öfter; Eur.; in Prosa, Plat., Andoc. 1, 2, ὑπέρ τινος, Lycurg. 7. 147. 149, περί τινος, 11. 13; ψῆφον θέσθαι, Aesch. Ag. 790 Suppl. 631; οὐδὲ μετ' ἀρσένων ψῆφον ἔθεντο 634; Lycurg. 13. 128; vgl. Dem. 29, 4; aber bei Her. 8, 123 ist ψῆφον τίθεσθαι »sich selbst seine Stitume geben«; διαφέρειν, Aesch. 3, 198; προσθέσθαι τινί, zu Jemandes Gunsten stimmen, Dem. 57, 69; διδόναι δήμῳ τὴν ψῆφον, abstimmen lassen, 59, 90; τὴν ψῆφον ἐπάγειν, dasselbe, Thuc. 1, 119. 125; ψῆφος ἐπῆκτο αὐτῷ περὶ φυγῆς, es wird auf Verbannung gegen ihn angetragen, Xen. An. 7, 7,57; ψῆφος κατ' αὐτῶν ὀλεθρία βουλεύσεται Aesch. Spt. 181; ψήφῳ διαιρεῖν τοῦδε πράγματος πέρι Eum. 600; μή μ' ἁπλῇ κτάνῃς ψήφῳ, διπλῇ δέ, τῇ τ' ἐμῇ καὶ σῇ Soph. O. R. 607; Eur., der es sogar für Gerichtshof braucht, vom Areopag, I. T. 915; u. Ar., κατά τινος τὴν ψῆφον ἰχνεύειν Equ. 805, Schol. καταδικάσαι, ψήφῳ δακεῖν Ach. 354, Schol. οἷον καταδικάζειν; Plat. οἷς ἂν πλείστη γένηται ψῆφος, Legg. VI, 759 d; οὐ μεταλαβὼν τὸ πέμπτον μέρος τῶν ψήφων XII, 948 a; νικᾷ γὰρ πάσαισι ταῖς ψήφοις ὁ νόμος VII, 801 a; φανερὰ ψῆφος, offene Abstimmung, Xen. Hell. 2, 4,9; vgl. Thuc. 5, 74; ἄγειν ὑπὸ τὴν ὑμετέραν ψῆφον Dem. 59, 126; ἔρχεσθαι ὑπὸ τὴν τῶν δικαστηρίων ψῆφον Aesch. 3, 19; ὑποχείρι ον ἔχοντες τῇ ψήφῳ Lycurg. 115, wie ἔχειν ὑπὸ τῇ ψήφῳ 2; – übertr., ταῖς τοῦ συμφέροντος ψήφοις μετρεῖν πάντα Pol. 2, 47, 5; – Abstimmung, ἐν μιᾷ ψήφῳ καὶ ἑνὶ ἀγῶνι Is. 6, 4; Stimmrecht, u. der durch Stimmenmehrheit gefaßte Beschluß, bes. einer Volksversammlung; aber auch τυράννων, Soph. Ant. 60, vgl. 628; übh. Urtheil, öffentliche Stimme, σὺ δὲ τίν' ἂν ψῆφον θεῖο Plat. Prot. 330 c; ψῆφος φλεγυρὰ βροτῶν Cratin. bei Ath. VIII, 344; – ψῆφοι ἱεραί sind heilige Bücher, Euen. 6 (XII, 172).
