αἰσχύνω: Difference between revisions
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Καλὸν τὸ νικᾶν ἀλλ' ὑπερνικᾶν κακόν → Vincere bonum est: ultra fas vincere lubricum → Schön ist zu siegen, übermäßig siegen schlecht
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|Definition=[ῡ]: Ion. impf. <b class="b3">αἰσχύνεσκε</b> (κατ-) <span class="bibl">Q.S.14.531</span>: fut. <span class="sense"><p> <span class="bld">A</span> -ῠνῶ <span class="bibl">E. <span class="title">Hipp.</span>719</span>, Ion. -υνέω <span class="bibl">Hdt.9.53</span>: aor. ᾔσχῡνα <span class="bibl">Il.23.571</span>, <span class="bibl">Lys.1.4</span>, etc.: pf. σχυγκα <span class="bibl">D.C. 58.16</span> :—Pass., fut. αἰσχῠνοῦμαι <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Ag.</span>856</span>, <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Fr.</span> 200</span>, <span class="bibl">Pl. <span class="title">Ti.</span>49d</span>, etc., rarely <b class="b3">αἰσχυνθήσομαι</b> (v. sub fin.) : aor. ᾐσχύνθην Hdt. and Att., poet. inf. αἰσχυνθῆμεν <span class="bibl">Pi.<span class="title">N.</span>9.27</span> : pf. <b class="b3">ᾔσχυμμαι</b> (v. infr. B. I) :—<b class="b2">make ugly, disfigure</b>, <b class="b3">πρόσωπον, κόμην</b>, <span class="bibl">Il.18.24</span>, <span class="bibl">27</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">Ant.</span>529</span>; <b class="b3">αἰ. τὸν ἵππον</b> <b class="b2">give</b> the horse <b class="b2">a bad form</b>, <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">Eq.</span>1.12</span>. </span><span class="sense"> <span class="bld">2</span> mostly in moral sense, <b class="b2">dishonour, tarnish</b>, μηδὲ γένος πατέρων αἰσχυνέμεν <span class="bibl">Il.6.209</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">23.571</span>; τὴν Σπάρτην <span class="bibl">Hdt.9.53</span>; ξενίαν τράπεζαν <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Ag.</span>401</span>; τοὺς πρὸς αἵματος <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">Aj.</span>1305</span>; τοὺς πατέρας <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Mx.</span> 246d</span>. </span><span class="sense"> <span class="bld">b</span> esp. <b class="b2">dishonour</b> a woman, <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">El.</span>44</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">Plu.<span class="title">Marc.</span>19</span>, etc.; εὐνήν <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Ag.</span>1626</span>; <b class="b3">εἰς τὸ σῶμα αἰ</b>. <span class="bibl">Arist.<span class="title">Pol.</span>1311b7</span>; abs., <b class="b2">Foed. Delph.Pell</b>.<span class="bibl">2</span><span class="title">A</span> 12. </span><span class="sense"> <span class="bld">3</span> <b class="b2">disdain</b>, ἐπιχώρια <span class="bibl">Pi.<span class="title">P.</span>3.22</span>. </span><span class="sense"> <span class="bld">B</span> Pass., <b class="b2">to be dishonoured</b>, <b class="b3">νέκυς σχυμμένος</b>, of Patroclus, <span class="bibl">Il. 18.180</span>. </span><span class="sense"> <span class="bld">II</span> <b class="b2">to be ashamed, feel shame</b>, abs., <span class="bibl">Od.7.305</span>, <span class="bibl">18.12</span>, <span class="bibl">Hdt.1.10</span>, <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Hipp.</span>1291</span>. </span><span class="sense"> <span class="bld">2</span> more commonly, <b class="b2">to be ashamed at</b> a thing, c. acc. rei, αἰσχυνόμενοι φάτιν ἀνδρῶν <span class="bibl">Od.21.323</span>; τὴν δυσγένειαν τὴν ἐμὴν αἰ. <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">OT</span>1079</span> : c. dat. rei, <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Nu.</span>992</span>, <span class="bibl">Lys.3.9</span>, <span class="bibl">D.4.42</span>, etc.; αἰ. ἐπί τινι <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">Mem.</span>2.2.8</span>; ἔν τινι <span class="bibl">Th.2.43</span>; ὑπέρ τινος <span class="bibl">Lys.14.39</span>; περί τινος <span class="bibl">33.6</span>. etc. </span><span class="sense"> <span class="bld">b</span> c. part., <b class="b2">to be ashamed at</b> doing a thing (which one does), <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Pr.</span>642</span> (v.l.), <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">Ant.</span>540</span>, <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Fr.</span>200</span>, Pl.<span class="title">Grg.</span> <span class="bibl">494e</span>, etc. </span><span class="sense"> <span class="bld">c</span> c. inf., <b class="b2">to be ashamed to</b> do a thing (and therefore not to do it), <span class="bibl">Hdt.1.82</span>, <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Ag.</span>856</span>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Ch.</span>917</span>, <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">R.</span>414e</span>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Phdr.</span>257d</span>, etc.; though this condition must not be pressed absolutely, cf. <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Ap.</span> 22b</span>. </span><span class="sense"> <span class="bld">d</span> foll. by relat. clause, <b class="b3">αἰσχύνεσθαι εἰ . .</b> <b class="b2">to be ashamed</b> that... <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">El.</span>254</span>, <span class="bibl">And.4.42</span>; ἐάν . . <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">Oec.</span>21.4</span>; μὴ . . <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Tht.</span>183e</span>, cf. Machoap.<span class="bibl">Ath.13.579f</span>; ὅτι . . <span class="bibl">Lys.2.23</span>. </span><span class="sense"> <span class="bld">3</span> c. acc. pers., <b class="b2">to feel shame before</b> one, <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Ion</span>934</span>, <span class="bibl">1074</span>, <span class="bibl">Pherecr.23.6</span>, <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Smp.</span>216b</span>; <b class="b3">τοὺς γέροντας</b> (at Sparta) <span class="bibl">Aeschin.1.180</span>; <b class="b3">ὅστις γὰρ αὐτὸς αὑτὸν οὐκ αἰσχύνεται, πῶστόν γε μηδὲν εἰδότ' αἰσχυνθήσεται</b>; <span class="bibl">Philem.229</span>, cf. Gal. 5.26: c. acc. et inf., <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Hel.</span>415</span>; ᾑσχύνθημεν θεοὺς . . προδοῦναι αὐτόν <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">An.</span>2.3.22</span>; αἰσχύνομαι ὑμᾶς λέγειν <span class="bibl">D.40.48</span>; αἰ. πρός τινα <span class="bibl">Arist.<span class="title">Rh.</span> 1383b12</span>.</span> | |Definition=[ῡ]: Ion. impf. <b class="b3">αἰσχύνεσκε</b> (κατ-) <span class="bibl">Q.S.14.531</span>: fut. <span class="sense"><p> <span class="bld">A</span> -ῠνῶ <span class="bibl">E. <span class="title">Hipp.</span>719</span>, Ion. -υνέω <span class="bibl">Hdt.9.53</span>: aor. ᾔσχῡνα <span class="bibl">Il.23.571</span>, <span class="bibl">Lys.1.4</span>, etc.: pf. σχυγκα <span class="bibl">D.C. 58.16</span> :—Pass., fut. αἰσχῠνοῦμαι <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Ag.</span>856</span>, <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Fr.</span> 200</span>, <span class="bibl">Pl. <span class="title">Ti.</span>49d</span>, etc., rarely <b class="b3">αἰσχυνθήσομαι</b> (v. sub fin.) : aor. ᾐσχύνθην Hdt. and Att., poet. inf. αἰσχυνθῆμεν <span class="bibl">Pi.<span class="title">N.</span>9.27</span> : pf. <b class="b3">ᾔσχυμμαι</b> (v. infr. B. I) :—<b class="b2">make ugly, disfigure</b>, <b class="b3">πρόσωπον, κόμην</b>, <span class="bibl">Il.18.24</span>, <span class="bibl">27</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">Ant.</span>529</span>; <b class="b3">αἰ. τὸν ἵππον</b> <b class="b2">give</b> the horse <b class="b2">a bad form</b>, <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">Eq.</span>1.12</span>. </span><span class="sense"> <span class="bld">2</span> mostly in moral sense, <b class="b2">dishonour, tarnish</b>, μηδὲ γένος πατέρων αἰσχυνέμεν <span class="bibl">Il.6.209</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">23.571</span>; τὴν Σπάρτην <span class="bibl">Hdt.9.53</span>; ξενίαν τράπεζαν <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Ag.</span>401</span>; τοὺς πρὸς αἵματος <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">Aj.</span>1305</span>; τοὺς πατέρας <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Mx.</span> 246d</span>. </span><span class="sense"> <span class="bld">b</span> esp. <b class="b2">dishonour</b> a woman, <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">El.</span>44</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">Plu.<span class="title">Marc.</span>19</span>, etc.; εὐνήν <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Ag.</span>1626</span>; <b class="b3">εἰς τὸ σῶμα αἰ</b>. <span class="bibl">Arist.<span class="title">Pol.</span>1311b7</span>; abs., <b class="b2">Foed. Delph.Pell</b>.<span class="bibl">2</span><span class="title">A</span> 12. </span><span class="sense"> <span class="bld">3</span> <b class="b2">disdain</b>, ἐπιχώρια <span class="bibl">Pi.<span class="title">P.</span>3.22</span>. </span><span class="sense"> <span class="bld">B</span> Pass., <b class="b2">to be dishonoured</b>, <b class="b3">νέκυς σχυμμένος</b>, of Patroclus, <span class="bibl">Il. 18.180</span>. </span><span class="sense"> <span class="bld">II</span> <b class="b2">to be ashamed, feel shame</b>, abs., <span class="bibl">Od.7.305</span>, <span class="bibl">18.12</span>, <span class="bibl">Hdt.1.10</span>, <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Hipp.</span>1291</span>. </span><span class="sense"> <span class="bld">2</span> more commonly, <b class="b2">to be ashamed at</b> a thing, c. acc. rei, αἰσχυνόμενοι φάτιν ἀνδρῶν <span class="bibl">Od.21.323</span>; τὴν δυσγένειαν τὴν ἐμὴν αἰ. <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">OT</span>1079</span> : c. dat. rei, <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Nu.</span>992</span>, <span class="bibl">Lys.3.9</span>, <span class="bibl">D.4.42</span>, etc.; αἰ. ἐπί τινι <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">Mem.</span>2.2.8</span>; ἔν τινι <span class="bibl">Th.2.43</span>; ὑπέρ τινος <span class="bibl">Lys.14.39</span>; περί τινος <span class="bibl">33.6</span>. etc. </span><span class="sense"> <span class="bld">b</span> c. part., <b class="b2">to be ashamed at</b> doing a thing (which one does), <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Pr.</span>642</span> (v.l.), <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">Ant.</span>540</span>, <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Fr.</span>200</span>, Pl.<span class="title">Grg.</span> <span class="bibl">494e</span>, etc. </span><span class="sense"> <span class="bld">c</span> c. inf., <b class="b2">to be ashamed to</b> do a thing (and therefore not to do it), <span class="bibl">Hdt.1.82</span>, <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Ag.</span>856</span>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Ch.</span>917</span>, <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">R.</span>414e</span>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Phdr.</span>257d</span>, etc.; though this condition must not be pressed absolutely, cf. <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Ap.</span> 22b</span>. </span><span class="sense"> <span class="bld">d</span> foll. by relat. clause, <b class="b3">αἰσχύνεσθαι εἰ . .</b> <b class="b2">to be ashamed</b> that... <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">El.</span>254</span>, <span class="bibl">And.4.42</span>; ἐάν . . <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">Oec.</span>21.4</span>; μὴ . . <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Tht.</span>183e</span>, cf. Machoap.<span class="bibl">Ath.13.579f</span>; ὅτι . . <span class="bibl">Lys.2.23</span>. </span><span class="sense"> <span class="bld">3</span> c. acc. pers., <b class="b2">to feel shame before</b> one, <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Ion</span>934</span>, <span class="bibl">1074</span>, <span class="bibl">Pherecr.23.6</span>, <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Smp.</span>216b</span>; <b class="b3">τοὺς γέροντας</b> (at Sparta) <span class="bibl">Aeschin.1.180</span>; <b class="b3">ὅστις γὰρ αὐτὸς αὑτὸν οὐκ αἰσχύνεται, πῶστόν γε μηδὲν εἰδότ' αἰσχυνθήσεται</b>; <span class="bibl">Philem.229</span>, cf. Gal. 5.26: c. acc. et inf., <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Hel.</span>415</span>; ᾑσχύνθημεν θεοὺς . . προδοῦναι αὐτόν <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">An.</span>2.3.22</span>; αἰσχύνομαι ὑμᾶς λέγειν <span class="bibl">D.40.48</span>; αἰ. πρός τινα <span class="bibl">Arist.<span class="title">Rh.</span> 1383b12</span>.</span> | ||
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|btext=<i>impf.</i> [[ᾔσχυνον]], <i>f.</i> αἰσχυνῶ, <i>ao.</i> [[ᾔσχυνα]], <i>pf.</i> ᾔσχυκα <i>et</i> ᾔσχυγκα;<br /><b>I.</b> enlaidir, défigurer : [[πρόσωπον]] IL le visage;<br /><b>II.</b> déshonorer :<br /><b>1</b> être une cause de déshonneur pour, acc. : αἰσχ. [[γένος]] πατέρων IL déshonorer la race de ses ancêtres;<br /><b>2</b> déshonorer par des relations intimes : αἰσχ. [[λέχος]] OD, εὐνήν ESCHL souiller la couche ; <i>abs.</i> déshonorer (une femme, des enfants, <i>etc.</i>);<br /><b>3</b> discréditer, décrier;<br /><b><i>Pass.-Moy.</i></b> αἰσχύνομαι (<i>f.</i> [[αἰσχυνοῦμαι]], <i>rar.</i> αἰσχυθήσομαι ; <i>ao.</i> [[ᾐσχύνθην]], <i>pf. rare</i> [[ᾔσχυμμαι]]);<br /><b>1</b> avoir le sentiment de l’honneur;<br /><b>2</b> avoir honte ; [[τι]] <i>ou</i> τινι de qch ; τινα devant qqn.<br />'''Étymologie:''' [[αἰσχύνη]]. | |||
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Revision as of 19:40, 9 August 2017
English (LSJ)
[ῡ]: Ion. impf. αἰσχύνεσκε (κατ-) Q.S.14.531: fut.
A -ῠνῶ E. Hipp.719, Ion. -υνέω Hdt.9.53: aor. ᾔσχῡνα Il.23.571, Lys.1.4, etc.: pf. σχυγκα D.C. 58.16 :—Pass., fut. αἰσχῠνοῦμαι A.Ag.856, Ar.Fr. 200, Pl. Ti.49d, etc., rarely αἰσχυνθήσομαι (v. sub fin.) : aor. ᾐσχύνθην Hdt. and Att., poet. inf. αἰσχυνθῆμεν Pi.N.9.27 : pf. ᾔσχυμμαι (v. infr. B. I) :—make ugly, disfigure, πρόσωπον, κόμην, Il.18.24, 27, cf. S.Ant.529; αἰ. τὸν ἵππον give the horse a bad form, X.Eq.1.12. 2 mostly in moral sense, dishonour, tarnish, μηδὲ γένος πατέρων αἰσχυνέμεν Il.6.209, cf. 23.571; τὴν Σπάρτην Hdt.9.53; ξενίαν τράπεζαν A.Ag.401; τοὺς πρὸς αἵματος S.Aj.1305; τοὺς πατέρας Pl.Mx. 246d. b esp. dishonour a woman, E.El.44, cf. Plu.Marc.19, etc.; εὐνήν A.Ag.1626; εἰς τὸ σῶμα αἰ. Arist.Pol.1311b7; abs., Foed. Delph.Pell.2A 12. 3 disdain, ἐπιχώρια Pi.P.3.22. B Pass., to be dishonoured, νέκυς σχυμμένος, of Patroclus, Il. 18.180. II to be ashamed, feel shame, abs., Od.7.305, 18.12, Hdt.1.10, E.Hipp.1291. 2 more commonly, to be ashamed at a thing, c. acc. rei, αἰσχυνόμενοι φάτιν ἀνδρῶν Od.21.323; τὴν δυσγένειαν τὴν ἐμὴν αἰ. S.OT1079 : c. dat. rei, Ar.Nu.992, Lys.3.9, D.4.42, etc.; αἰ. ἐπί τινι X.Mem.2.2.8; ἔν τινι Th.2.43; ὑπέρ τινος Lys.14.39; περί τινος 33.6. etc. b c. part., to be ashamed at doing a thing (which one does), A.Pr.642 (v.l.), S.Ant.540, Ar.Fr.200, Pl.Grg. 494e, etc. c c. inf., to be ashamed to do a thing (and therefore not to do it), Hdt.1.82, A.Ag.856, Ch.917, Pl.R.414e, Phdr.257d, etc.; though this condition must not be pressed absolutely, cf. Ap. 22b. d foll. by relat. clause, αἰσχύνεσθαι εἰ . . to be ashamed that... S.El.254, And.4.42; ἐάν . . X.Oec.21.4; μὴ . . Pl.Tht.183e, cf. Machoap.Ath.13.579f; ὅτι . . Lys.2.23. 3 c. acc. pers., to feel shame before one, E.Ion934, 1074, Pherecr.23.6, Pl.Smp.216b; τοὺς γέροντας (at Sparta) Aeschin.1.180; ὅστις γὰρ αὐτὸς αὑτὸν οὐκ αἰσχύνεται, πῶστόν γε μηδὲν εἰδότ' αἰσχυνθήσεται; Philem.229, cf. Gal. 5.26: c. acc. et inf., E.Hel.415; ᾑσχύνθημεν θεοὺς . . προδοῦναι αὐτόν X.An.2.3.22; αἰσχύνομαι ὑμᾶς λέγειν D.40.48; αἰ. πρός τινα Arist.Rh. 1383b12.
French (Bailly abrégé)
impf. ᾔσχυνον, f. αἰσχυνῶ, ao. ᾔσχυνα, pf. ᾔσχυκα et ᾔσχυγκα;
I. enlaidir, défigurer : πρόσωπον IL le visage;
II. déshonorer :
1 être une cause de déshonneur pour, acc. : αἰσχ. γένος πατέρων IL déshonorer la race de ses ancêtres;
2 déshonorer par des relations intimes : αἰσχ. λέχος OD, εὐνήν ESCHL souiller la couche ; abs. déshonorer (une femme, des enfants, etc.);
3 discréditer, décrier;
Pass.-Moy. αἰσχύνομαι (f. αἰσχυνοῦμαι, rar. αἰσχυθήσομαι ; ao. ᾐσχύνθην, pf. rare ᾔσχυμμαι);
1 avoir le sentiment de l’honneur;
2 avoir honte ; τι ou τινι de qch ; τινα devant qqn.
Étymologie: αἰσχύνη.
