κάτω
οὐκ ἔστι λέουσι καὶ ἀνδράσιν ὅρκια πιστά → there are no pacts between lions and men, between lions and men there are no oaths of faith, there can be no covenants between men and lions
English (LSJ)
Adv., (κατά): I with Verbs implying Motion, downwards, ἐπισκύνιον κ. ἕλκεται Il.17.136; κ. ὁρόων Od.23.91; κατὰ τείχεος κ. ῥίπτειν Hdt.8.53; κατώρυξέν με κατὰ τῆς γῆς κ. Ar.Pl.238; χώρει κ. A.Pr.74; κ. δάκρυ' εἰβομένη S.Ant.527 (anap.), cf. E.Fr.384; esp. of the nether world, A.Pers.839, S.Ant.197, etc.; κ. βλέπειν, φέρεσθαι, Pl.R.500b, 584e; κ. διεχώρει αὐτοῖς they suffered from diarrhoea, X.An.4.8.20, cf. Hp.Epid.5.20; φάρμακον πῖσαι κ. give a purgative, Id.Aff.32, cf. 15; κ. βοηθεῖν go down to help, D.32.5; for ἄνω καὶ κάτω, ἄνω κάτω, etc., v. ἄνω (B) A. 11.2. 2 downwards, in a chain of causes, ἐπὶ τὸ κ. ἰέναι Arist.Metaph.994a19. 3 c. gen., down from, πετρῶν ὦσαι κ. E.Cyc.448. II with Verbs implying Rest (so more freq. in Prose), beneath, below, opp. ἄνω, Hes.Th.301, etc.: ὁ τόπος ὁ κ. καλούμενος Pl.Phd.112c. b in the world below, S.Aj.660, OC1563 (lyr.), etc.; οἱ κ. the dead, Id.Aj.865, Ant.75, etc.; οἱ κ. θεοί Id.El.292, cf. E.Alc.851. c geographically below, southward, Hdt., v. ἄνω (B) A. 11.1e; also κ. οἰκεῖν to dwell on the coast, Th.1.7; οἱ κ., opp. οἱ τὴν μεσόγειαν κατῳκημένοι, ib.120; ἡ. κ. Γαλατία lower Galatia, Plu Aem.9, etc.; βασιλεὺς τῶν τε ἄνω καὶ τῶν κ. χωρῶν OGI90.3 (Rosetta, ii B.C.). d in the race-course, τὰ κ. the starting-place, opp. τὰ ἄνω (the goal), Pl.R.613b. e τὰ κ. τῶν μελῶν the lower limbs of the body, Id.Lg.794d; ἡ κ. κοιλία, opp. ἡ ἄνω, Arist.Mete.360b24.PA676a5; περὶ τὰ κ. χωρεῖν miscarry, fail, Luc. Ind.1. f of Time, afterwards, later, Ael.VH5.13; οἱ κ. χρόνοι Plu. Cor.25; οἱ κ., opp. οἱ πάλαι, Luc.Hipp.1; τοῦ χρόνου κ. later in time, Ael.VH3.17, NA2.18; Δαρεῖος ὁ κ. ib.6.48; cf. ἄνω (B) A.11.1i. g in Logic, τὰ κ. the lower members in a descending series of genera and species, Arist.AP0.97a31, Metaph.992a18. III c. gen., under, below, κ. χθονός, γῆς, A.Eu.1023, S.OT968, etc. IV Comp. κατωτέρω lower, downwards, Ar.Ra.70, Alex.173.2: c. gen., lower than, below, Hdt.8.132. 2 Sup. κατωτάτω at the lowest part, τὰ κ. Id.2.125 (but in signf. 11.g, Phld.Sign.29).
German (Pape)
[Seite 1406] 1) hinab, hinunter, nach unten zu; ἧστο κάτω ὁρόων Od. 23, 91; πᾶν δέ τ' ἐπισκύνιον κάτω ἕλκεται Il. 17, 136; πόλλ' ἄνω τὰ δ' αὖ κάτω κυλίνδοντ' ἐλπίδες, auf- u. abwärts, Pind. Ol. 12, 6; ἐγὼ δ' ἄπειμι γῆς ὑπὸ ζόφον κάτω Aesch. Pers. 825; τὰ δ' ἄλλα πάντ' ἄνω τε καὶ κάτω στρέφων Eum. 620, vgl. ἄνω; so bei Soph. u. A.; bes. in die Unterwelt hinab, ἃ τοῖς ἀρίστοις ἔρχεται κάτω νεκροῖς Soph. Ant. 197, vgl. 520; auch κάτω δάκρυ' εἰβομένη, 523; vgl. Ar. Ran. 476; κάτω βλέπειν, φέρεσθαι, Plat. Rep VI, 500 b IX, 584 e; κάτω διεχώρει αὐτοῖς, et ging unten durch, sie hatten den Durchfall, Xen. An. 4, 8, 20. – Auch c. gen., πετρῶν ὦσαι κάτω Eur. Cycl. 452, vom Felsen herab; κατὰ τῆς γῆς κάτω Ar. Plut. 238, wie κατὰ τείχεος κάτω ῥίπτειν Her. 8, 53. – 2) unten, unterwärts; Hes. Th. 301; in der Unterwelt, τὰν παγκευθῆ κάτω νεκρῶν πλάκα Soph. O. C. 1559, öfter; οἱ κάτω θεοί El. 284; οἷα τοῖς κάτω νομίζεται 319, öfter, die Todten; Ai. 852 Ant. 75; εἶμι τῶν κάτω Κόρης ἄνακτός τ' εἰς ἀνηλίους δόμους Eur. Alc. 851; – τὰ κάτω τῶν μελῶν Plat. Legg. VII, 794 d; οἱ κάτω, die am Meeresufer, an der Küste wohnen, Ggstz οἱ τὴν μεσόγειαν κατῳκημένοι, Thuc. 1, 120; Ἰωνίης τὰ κάτω Her. 1, 143; τὸ κ. καὶ πρὸς θαλάσσῃ Plut. Phoc. 28. – In der Rennbahn, von den Schranken an, Plat. Rep. X, 613 b. – 3) von der Zeit, nachher, später; κάτω τοῦ χρόνου Ael. V. H. 3, 17; ἐπὶ Θησέως καὶ τῶν Κοδριδῶν κάτω 5, 13; Ggstz τῶν πάλαι μὲν – τῶν κάτω δέ, die Folgenden, Neueren, Luc. Lipp. 1; – ἡ κάτω συλλαβή, die folgende Sylbe, E. M. – Compar. κατωτέρω; Plat. Phaed. 112 d; κατωτέρω τοῦ Ταρτάρου 113 h; vgl. Ar. Ran. 69; das adj. κατώτερος u. superl. κατώτατος s. unten; κατωτάτω Sp.; οἱ κατώτατα ἑστεῶτες Her. 8, 23; μικρὸν κατώτερον τοῦ στόματος Arist. H. A. 6, 10. – Vgl. κάτωθεν.