Ἀρέθουσα

English (LSJ)

ᾰρ, ἡ, Arethousa, name of several fountains, e.g. in Ithaca, Od. 13.408; at Syracuse, Str.6.2.4: pl., κρῆναι ἀρέθουσαι Choeril.2:—Adj. Ἀρεθούσιος, α, ον, ὅδωρ AP9.362.18. (A participial form; ἀρέθω is cited by Hdn.Gr.1.440 without expl.)

Spanish (DGE)

-ης, ἡ
• Alolema(s): dór. Ἀρέθοισα Pi.P.3.69, Theoc.1.117, 16.102; jón. -η AP 7.51 (Adaeus)
• Prosodia: [ᾰ-]
Aretusa
I personajes míticos
1 una de las Hespérides, Apollod.2.5.11, Seru.Aen.4.484.
2 nereida, ninfa de una fuente de Élide y otra de la isla Ortigia, derivada de la primera según el mito, madre del eubeo Abante, perseguida por Alfeo, Verg.B.10.1, G.4.344, Ou.Met.5.599, Fast.4.423, Hyg.Fab.157 praef.8, St.Byz.s.u. Ἀβαντίς, Eust.281.42.
3 hija de Abante y hermana de Alcón y Diante, Ephor.24.
4 madre de Córax que da nombre a una fuente de Ítaca, Eust.1746.56.
5 cretense, madre de Hilo, muerto por Eneas en Troya, Q.S.10.82.
6 perra de Acteón, Hyg.Fab.181.
II fuentes
1 en Eubea, al sur de Calcis en el camino hacia Eretria, E.IA 170, Str.1.3.16, 10.1.13, Ath.331e, Eust.281.43.
2 cerca de Tebas, en Beocia, Plin.HN 4.25, Solin.59.12.
3 próxima a Argos en el Peloponeso, Sch.Od.13.406, 408.
4 cerca de Esmirna, en Jonia, Sch.Od.13.408.
5 en Ítaca Od.13.408.
6 en la isla Ortigia, en Siracusa, supuestamente conectada con el río Alfeo, Pi.l.c., Theoc.ll.cc., Plb.12.4d.5, Str.6.2.4, Nonn.D.13.323, 45.117, Hdn.Gr.1.268, Solin.49.11, AP 9.362, Cic.Verr.4.118
•poét. por extensión Siracusa Sil.Ital.14.117.
III ciudades
1 en Macedonia, entre el golfo del Estrimón y el lago Bolbe, prob. donde se encuentra la actual Rentina, Scyl.Per.66, Scymn.635, Str.7.Fr.36, Plu.Lyc.31, St.Byz., AP 7.51 (Adaeus), erróneamente localizada en la región de Anfaxítide, Ptol.Geog.3.12.8.
2 territorio de Eubea cercano a Eretria y a la fuente del mismo nombre, St.Byz.
3 ciudad y fortaleza de Siria, actual Rastante, Str.16.2.10, Plu.Ant.37, I.AI 14.75, BI 1.156, App.Syr.57.

French (Bailly abrégé)

ης (ἡ) :
Aréthuse :
1 nymphe et fontaine près de Syracuse;
2 n. de sources à Ithaque, en Eubée;
3 ville de Macédoine.
Étymologie:.

Russian (Dvoretsky)

Ἀρέθουσα: эп.-ион. Ἀρεθούση, дор. Ἀρέθοισα ἡ Аретуса
1 источник на о-ве Итака Hom.;
2 источник на о-ве Эвбее Eur.;
3 нимфа и названный ее именем источник близ Сиракуз Pind.;
4 город в Македонии Plut.

Greek (Liddell-Scott)

Ἀρέθουσα: ἡ, ὄνομα διαφόρων πηγῶν, ὧν πρώτη μνημονεύεται ἡ ἐν Ἴθάκῃ, αἱ δὲ νέμονται πὰρ Κόρακος πέτρῃ ἐπὶ τε κρήνῃ Ἀρεθούσῃ Ὀδ. Ν. 408: - περιφημοτάτη αὐτῶν ἦτο ἡ ἐν Συρακούσαις, περὶ ἧς λέγεται ὅτι ἦτό ποτε Νύμφη τῶν Ἀρκαδικῶν λειμώνων καὶ διωκομένη ὑπὸ τοῦ ποταμίου θεοῦ Ἀλφειοῦ, μετεβλήθη ὑπὸ τῆς Ἀρτέμιδος εἰς κρήνην καὶ ἐξηφανίσθη ὑπὸ τὸ ἔδαφος· ἀλλ’ ἀνεφάνη παρὰ τὰς Συρακούσας, Στράβ. 270, πρβλ. Εὐστ. Ὀδ. 1746, 41. Ἡ Νύμφη αὕτη κατέστη ἡ Μοῦσα τῆς Βουκολικῆς ποιήσεως. (Τύπος μετοχικός, ὡς εἰ ἦτο ἡ ἄρδουσα ἡ ποτίζουσα: - τὸ ῥῆμα ἀρέθω ἀναφέρεται ὑπὸ Θεογνώστ. Καν. 141).

English (Autenrieth)

name of a fount in the island of Ithaca, Od. 13.408†.

Greek Monotonic

Ἀρέθουσα: ἡ (ἄρδω;), όνομα διαφόρων πηγών, από τις οποίες πρώτη μνημονεύεται αυτή που βρίσκεται στην Ιθάκη, σε Ομήρ. Οδ.· η πλέον περίφημη ήταν αυτή των Συρακουσών, σε Στράβ.

Wikipedia EN

Αρέθουσα, Νηρηίδα νύμφη, θεότητα ομβρίων υδάτων.
Αρέθουσα πηγή, πηγές στην αρχαιότητα (Ιθάκης, Χαλκίδας, Λευκάδας, Ίλιδας, Σμύρνης, νήσου Ορτυγίας στις Συρακούσες).
Αρεθούσα, μία από τις Εσπερίδες.
Αρέθουσα (η Μυγδονική), αρχαία πόλη στη Μυγδονία της Μακεδονίας.
Αρέθουσα Συρίας, αρχαία ελληνική πόλη στη Συρία.

Frisk Etymological English

Grammatical information: f.
Meaning: Name of several springs, e. g. on Ithaca (ν 408); cf. v. Wilamowitz Glaube 1, 186
Origin: PG [a word of Pre-Greek origin]X [probably]
Etymology: Two hypotheses: 1. to ἀρέσκω, ἀρετή as "die Gefällige", cf. Schönbrunn (Aly Glotta 5, 57f.); semantically and formally improbable; 2. to an IE. *redhō [further unknon] quellen, flow, supposed in European river names, e. g. Radantia (> NHG. Rednitz), Krahe PBBeitr. 71, 476f. But Krahe's river names are non-IE, and hardly found in Greece. Rather pre-Greek.

Middle Liddell

ἄρδω?]
name of several fountains, the earliest known in Ithaca, Od.:—the most famous at Syracuse, Strab.

Frisk Etymology German

Ἀρέθουσα: {Aréthousa}
Grammar: f.
Meaning: Name verschiedener Quellen, z. B. auf Ithaka (ν 408), vgl. v. Wilamowitz Glaube 1, 186.
Derivative: Davon Ἀρεθούσιος (AP).
Etymology: Zwei verschiedene Hypothesen sind vorgeschlagen worden: 1. zu ἀρέσκω, ἀρετή als "die Gefällige", vgl. Schönbrunn, ngr. καλοβρύσι (Aly Glotta 5, 57f.); 2. zu idg. *redhō etwa quellen, fließen, das in mehreren europäischen Flußnamen, z. B. Radantia (> nhd. Rednitz), gespürt werden kann (Krahe PBBeitr. 71, 476f., Beitr. z. Namenforschung 2, 230f.).
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Wikipedia EN

'Arethusa' by Benjamin West, 1802, High Museum of Art

In Greek mythology, Arethusa (/ˌærɪˈθjuːzə/; Greek: Ἀρέθουσα) was a nymph and daughter of Nereus (making her a Nereid), who fled from her home in Arcadia beneath the sea and came up as a fresh water fountain on the island of Ortygia in Syracuse, Sicily.

The myth of her transformation begins in Arcadia when she came across a clear stream and began bathing, not knowing it was the river god Alpheus, who flowed down from Arcadia through Elis to the sea. He fell in love during their encounter, but she fled after discovering his presence and intentions, as she wished to remain a chaste attendant of Artemis. After a long chase, she prayed to her goddess to ask for protection. Artemis hid her in a cloud, but Alpheus was persistent. She began to perspire profusely from fear, and soon transformed into a stream. Artemis then broke the ground allowing Arethusa another attempt to flee. Her stream traveled under the sea to the island of Ortygia, but Alpheus flowed through the sea to reach her and mingle with her waters. Virgil augurs for Arethusa a salt-free passage beneath the sea on the condition that, before departing, she grant him songs about troubled loves, not those in her own future, but those of Virgil's friend and contemporary, the poet Cornelius Gallus, whom Virgil imagines dying from unrequited love beneath the famous mountains of Arcadia, Maenalus and Lycaeus.

During Demeter's search for her daughter Persephone, Arethusa entreated Demeter to discontinue her punishment of Sicily for her daughter's disappearance. She told the goddess that while traveling in her stream below the earth, she saw her daughter looking sad as the queen of Hades.

The Roman writer Ovid called Arethusa by the name "Alpheias", because her stream was believed to have a subterranean communication with the river Alpheius, in Peloponnesus.

Apart from retellings by classical authors including Ovid and Virgil, Percy Bysshe Shelley wrote a poem on Arethusa in 1820.

Translations

az: Aretusa (nimfa); bg: Аретуза; ca: Aretusa; co: Aratusa; de: Arethusa (Mythologie); el: Αρέθουσα (μυθολογία); en: Arethusa (mythology); eo: Aretuzo; es: Aretusa (mitología); eu: Aretusa; fa: آرتوسا; fi: Arethusa; fr: Aréthuse (nymphe); hu: Arethusza; hy: Արետուսա; it: Aretusa; ja: アレトゥーサ; la: Arethusa; lt: Aretusa; nl: Arethusa (nimf); pl: Aretuza (najada); pt: Aretusa; ro: Arethusa; ru: Аретуса; sh: Aretusa; sk: Arethousa (nymfa); sr: Аретуза; sv: Arethusa; tr: Arethusa (mitoloji); uk: Аретуса; zh: 阿瑞图萨