View source for supra

{{LaEn
|lnetxt=supra ADV :: [[on top]]; [[more]]; [[above]]; [[before]], [[formerly]]<br />supra supra PREP ACC :: above, beyond; over; more than; in charge of, in authority over
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{{Lewis
|lshtext=<b>sū&#774;prā</b>: (orig. form sŭpĕrā, Lucr. 1, 429; 4, 672; 5, 1407; Cic. poët. N. D. 2, 42, 106; cf. Prisc. pp. 980 and 1001 P.), adv. and prep. [[superus]].<br /><b>I</b> Adv., on the [[upper]] [[side]], on the [[top]], [[above]].<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>A</b> Lit., of [[place]]: omnia haec, quae [[supra]] et [[subter]], unum esse dixerunt, Cic. de Or. 3, 5, 20: partes eae, quae sunt [[infra]] [[quam]] id, [[quod]] devoratur, dilatantur, quae [[autem]] [[supra]], contrahuntur, id. N. D. 2, 54, 135: magno [[numero]] jumentorum in flumine [[supra]] atquo [[infra]] constituto, Caes. B. C. 1, 64; and: et [[mare]], [[quod]] [[supra]], teneant, quodque alluit [[infra]], Verg. A. 8, 149: [[oleum]] [[supra]] siet, [[Cato]], R. R. 119; 101: cotem illam et novaculam defossam in [[comitio]] supraque impositum [[puteal]] accepimus, Cic. Div. 1, 17, 33: toto vertice [[supra]] est, i. e. is taller, Verg. A. 11, 683: ut letata corpora vidit Victoremque [[supra]] hostem, i. e. [[lying]] or stretched [[over]] [[them]], Ov. M. 3, 56; cf.: stupet inscia [[supra]], Verg. A. 7, 381.—Comp.: [[alia]] [[superius]] rapiuntur, [[upward]], on [[high]], Sen. Q. N. 5, 8, 3: [[piscina]] [[superius]] construenda, Pall. 1, 34, 2 (opp. subterius, Isid. 16, 8, 4).—<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>B</b> Trop.<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>1</b>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Of [[time]], [[before]], [[formerly]], [[previously]] (esp. of [[any]] [[thing]] [[previously]] said or written): quae [[supra]] scripta est, [[Cato]], R. R. 157, 2: [[quod]] jam [[supra]] [[tibi]] ostendimus, Lucr. 1, 429: quae [[supra]] dixi, Cic. de Or. 3, 55, 208: quae [[supra]] scripsi, id. Fam. 6, 10, 2: quem [[supra]] deformavi, id. Caecin. 5, 14: uti [[supra]] demonstravimus, Caes. B. G. 2, 1: ut [[supra]] dixi, Cic. Rep. 2, 4, 9; id. Lael. 4, 15; 14, 48: ut [[supra]] scripsi, Plin. Ep. 6, 27, 5: de quo (filio) commemoravi [[supra]], Nep. [[Dion]], 6, 2: [[supra]] repetere, [[farther]] [[back]], from [[past]] times, Sall. C. 5, 9; id. J. 5, 3; Tac. A. 16, 18.—Comp.: [[quantum]] valerent [[inter]] homines litterae, Dixi [[superius]], [[before]], [[farther]] [[back]], Phaedr. 4, 23, 2: ut [[superius]] demonstravimus, Auct. B. Hisp. 28, 4; 34, 5.—<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>2</b>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Of [[number]] or [[measure]], [[beyond]], [[over]], [[more]]: [[supra]] adjecit Aeschrio, offered [[higher]], [[more]], Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 33, § 77: [[amor]] [[tantus]] ut [[nihil]] [[supra]] possit, id. Fam. 14, 1, 4: ita [[accurate]], ut [[nihil]] posset [[supra]], id. Att. 13, 19, 3: [[nihil]] [[pote]] [[supra]], Ter. Ad. 2, 3, 11: voltu Adeo modesto, ut [[nihil]] [[supra]], id. And. 1, 1, 93; id. Eun. 3, 1, 37: [[nihil]] [[supra]] Deos [[lacesso]], Hor. C. 2, 18, 11.—After et or aut ([[poet]]. and post-class.): agrum [[fortasse]] trecentis Aut [[etiam]] [[supra]] nummorum milibus emptum, Hor. Ep. 2, 2, 165: [[quot]] illum putas annos [[secum]] tulisse? Septuaginta et [[supra]], Petr. 43 fin.: tricena aut [[supra]] stipendia numerantes, Tac. A. 1, 35: a [[triginta]] annis et [[supra]], Vulg. Num. 4, 23; 4, 30; 4, 35 (cf. II. B. 2. [[infra]]).—<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>b</b> With [[quam]], [[less]] freq. [[quod]], [[above]] or [[beyond]] [[what]], [[more]] [[than]]: [[saepe]] [[supra]] feret, [[quam]] fieri possit, Cic. Or. 40, 139: [[corpus]] [[patiens]] inediae, algoris, vigiliae, [[supra]] [[quam]] cuiquam credibile est, Sall. C. 5, 3; id. J. 24, 5: dominandi [[supra]] [[quam]] aestimari potest avidissimus, Aur. Vict. Epit. 1 med.: [[supra]] [[quam]] optari potuit, Amm. 17, 1, 12: [[supra]] [[quod]] capere [[possum]], Dig. 32, 1, 28.—<br /><b>II</b> Prep. [[with]] acc., [[above]], [[over]].<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>A</b> Lit., of [[place]]: si essent, qui sub terrā [[semper]] habitavissent ... nec exissent [[umquam]] [[supra]] terram, Cic. N. D. 2, 37, 95: [[ille]] qui [[supra]] nos habitat, Plaut. Pers. 5, 2, 38: [[supra]] [[tribunal]] et [[supra]] praetoris [[caput]], Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 33, § 77: [[supra]] eum locum, Caes. B. C. 2, 9: [[supra]] se in summo jugo, id. B. G. 1, 24: accubueram horā nonā ... et [[quidem]] [[supra]] me [[Atticus]], [[infra]] [[Verrius]], Cic. Fam. 9, 26, 1: saltu [[supra]] venabula fertur, Verg. A. 9, 553: [[supra]] segetes Navigat, [[over]] the cornfields, Ov. M. 1, 295: attolli [[supra]] ceteros mortales, Plin. 34, 6, 12, § 27 (dub.; Jahn, [[super]]): [[supra]] [[lignum]] [[turba]] insilit, Phaedr. 1, 2, 20: [[ecce]] [[supra]] [[caput]] [[homo]] [[levis]] ac [[sordidus]], i. e. [[burdensome]], [[annoying]], Cic. Q. Fr. 1, 2, 2, § 6; so, [[supra]] [[caput]] esse, to be [[close]] at [[hand]], Sall. C. 52, 24; cf. Verg. A. 3, 194; Liv. 3, 17, 4; 4, 22, 6; Tac. H. 4, 69; Sen. Ep 108; [[rarely]] [[supra]] capita, Liv. 42, 42, 6.—<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>2</b>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; In partic., of geographical [[position]], [[above]], [[beyond]]: [[supra]] Maeotis paludes, Enn. ap. Cic. Tusc. 5, 17, 49 (Epigr. v. 7, p. 163 Vahl.): [[supra]] Suessulam, Liv. 23, 32, 2: [[Syene]] [[oppidum]], [[quod]] est [[supra]] Alexandriam [[quinque]] millibus stadiorum, Plin. 2, 73, 75, § 183; [[supra]] Britanniam, id. 2, 97, 99, § 217. —<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>B</b> Trop.<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>1</b>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Of [[time]], [[before]]: [[paulo]] [[supra]] hanc memoriam, Caes. B. G. 6, 19; [[supra]] septingentesimum annum, Liv. praef. § 4.—<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>2</b>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Of [[number]], [[degree]], or [[quantity]].<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>(a)</b>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; With numbers, = [[plus]], [[amplius]] (not in Cic. or Cæs.), [[over]], [[above]], [[beyond]], [[more]] [[than]]: [[supra]] [[quattuor]] milia hominum orabunt ut, etc., Liv. 43, 3, 2: [[caesa]] eo [[die]] [[supra]] milia [[viginti]], id. 30, 35, 3; 3, 31, 4: [[supra]] [[septem]] milia hominum domos remisit, id. 21, 23, 6; 23, 17, 2; 23, 37, 11 sq.; 23, 49, 13; Varr. R. R. 3, 2, 17; 3, 6, 1; 3, 7, 11: [[supra]] duos menses [[sapor]] ejus non permanet [[integer]], Col. 12, 49, 3: [[tres]] (cyathos), Hor. C. 3, 19, 15.—<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>(b)</b>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; In gen.: quibus solida [[ungula]], nec [[supra]] geminos [[fetus]], Plin. 11, 40, 95, § 233; cf.: de floribus [[supra]] [[dictus]] scripsit [[Theophrastus]], [[besides]], id. 21, 3, 9, § 13: hominis fortunam, Cic. Leg. 2, 16, 41: [[ratio]] [[supra]] hominem putanda est deoque tribuenda, id. N. D. 2, 13, 34: [[potentia]], quae [[supra]] leges se esse velit, id. Ep. ad Brut. 1, 17, 6: humanam [[supra]] fortunam, Phaedr. 4, 24, 24: [[supra]] Coclites Muciosque id [[facinus]] esse, Liv. 2, 13, 8: modum, id. 21, 7, 7; Col. 4, 27, 4: [[vires]], Hor. Ep. 1, 18, 22: humanam fidem Plin. 34, 7, 17, § 38: morem, Verg. G. 2, 227; Sall. C. 3, 2: [[supra]] belli Latini metum id [[quoque]] accesserat, [[quod]], [[besides]], Liv. 2, 18, 3.—Prov.: [[supra]] homines, [[supra]] [[ire]] deos pietate, i. e. to [[attain]] the [[highest]] [[degree]], Verg. A. 12, 839 Heyne ad loc.—<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>3</b>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Sometimes to [[indicate]] [[that]] [[over]] [[which]] one is placed as [[superintendent]] ([[mostly]] postclass.): dispositi, quos [[supra]] somnum habebat, watchers, Curt. 6, 11, 3: qui [[supra]] bibliothecam fuerunt, Vitr. 7, praef. § 5: [[servus]] [[supra]] rationes [[positus]], Pseudo Quint. Decl. 353: SVPRA INSVLAS, Inscr. Orell. 721 and 2927: SVPRA IVMENTA, ib. 2870: SVPRA VELARIOS, ib. 2967: SVPRA COCOS, ib. 2827; Inscr. Grut. p. 1111, 1.—<br /><b>III</b> Compounds formed [[with]] [[supra]] are [[extremely]] [[rare]]. In [[late]] Lat. supradictus, suprafatus, suprafundo, suprajacio, supranatans, [[suprasedeo]], etc., are [[found]], [[but]] here [[supra]] is [[properly]] written [[separately]] as an adv.; [[only]] [[suprascando]] (v. h. v.), on [[account]] of its signif., is to be written as one [[word]].
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{{Gaffiot
|gf=<b>sŭprā</b>⁷ ([[superus]]).<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>I</b> adv.,<br /><b>1</b> à la partie supérieure, en [[haut]], au-dessus : Cic. de Or. 3, 20 ; Nat. 2, 135 ; Div. 1, 33 ; Cæs. C. 1, 64 &#124;&#124; [comp.] [[superius]] rapi Sen. Nat. 5, 8, 3, être entraîné [[plus]] [[haut]], vers les hautes régions<br /><b>2</b> [[plus]] [[haut]], précédemment, ci-dessus : ut [[supra]] [[dixi]] Cic. Rep. 2, 9, comme je l’ai dit [[plus]] [[haut]], cf. Cic. Læl. 15 ; de Or. 3, 208 ; Fam. 6, 10, 2 ; Cæc. 14 ; Cæs. G. 2, 1, 1 &#124;&#124; [[superius]] Phædr. 4, 23, 2 ; B. Hisp. 28, 4<br /><b>3</b> <b> a)</b> en [[plus]], en [[sus]], [[plus]] : [[supra]] adjicere Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 77, surenchérir ; [[amor]] [[tantus]] ut [[nihil]] [[supra]] possit Cic. Fam. 14, 1, 4, affection si [[grande]] que [[rien]] ne la peut dépasser, cf. Cic. Att. 13, 19, 3 ; [[ager]] trecentis [[aut]] [[etiam]] [[supra]] nummorum milibus [[emptus]] Hor. Ep. 2, 2, 165, champ acheté trois cent [[mille]] sesterces ou même davantage, cf. Tac. Ann. 1, 35 ; <b> b)</b> [[supra]]... [[quam]] Cic. Or. 139, ou [[supra]] [[quam]] Sall. C. 5, 3, [[plus]] que.<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>II</b> prép. acc.,<br /><b>1</b> au-dessus de, sur, par- dessus : [[exire]] [[supra]] terram Cic. Nat. 2, 95, sortir des entrailles de la terre] et monter à sa surface ; [[versus]] [[supra]] [[tribunal]] scribebantur Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 77, on écrivait des vers au-dessus du [[tribunal]] &#124;&#124; accumbere [[supra]] aliquem Cic. Fam. 9, 26, 1, être couché (placé à table) au-dessus de qqn &#124;&#124; [[ecce]] [[supra]] [[caput]] [[homo]] [[levis]] Cic. Q. 1, 2, 6, me voici sur la tête (sur le [[dos]], sur les bras) un homme insignifiant ; [[esse]] [[supra]] [[caput]] Sall. C. 52, 24, menacer d’un péril imminent, cf. Liv. 3, 17, 2 &#124;&#124; [géograph<sup>t</sup>] au-dessus de, au delà de : [[supra]] Suessulam Liv. 23, 32, 2, au-dessus de [[Suessula]], cf. Plin. 2, 183<br /><b>2</b> [temps] avant : [[supra]] hanc memoriam Cæs. G. 6, 19, 4, avant notre époque, cf. Liv. pr.&nbsp;4<br /><b>3</b> [[plus]] de : [[supra]] [[quattuor]] [[milia]] hominum orabant, ut Liv. 43, 3, 2, [[plus]] de quatre [[mille]] hommes demandaient que, cf. Liv. 30, 35, 3 ; 42, 66, 10, etc.<br /><b>4</b> au delà de : [[supra]] hominis fortunam Cic. Leg. 2, 41, au-dessus de la destinée humaine, cf. Cic. Nat. 2, 34 ; [[supra]] leges [[esse]] ad Br. 1, 17, 6, se mettre au-dessus des lois ; [[supra]] [[vires]] Hor. Ep. 1, 18, 22, au-dessus des moyens<br /><b>5</b> en [[plus]] de, outre : Liv. 2, 18, 3<br /><b>6</b> [[supra]] bibliothecam [[esse]] Vitr. Arch. 7, pr.&nbsp;5, être préposé à une bibliothèque.
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{{Georges
|georg=suprā (altlat. suprād), Adv. u. Praepos. (st. superā [sc. parte] [[von]] [[superus]]), I) Adv. m. Compar.: 1) v. Raume: a) [[auf]] der oberen [[Seite]], [[oben]], [[oben]] [[darauf]], [[oberhalb]] (Ggstz. [[infra]]), [[oleum]] [[supra]] siet, [[Cato]]: [[omnia]] [[haec]], [[quae]] [[supra]] et [[subter]], unum [[esse]], Cic.: et [[mare]] [[quod]] [[supra]] teneant quodque alluit [[infra]], Verg.: magno [[numero]] iumentorum in flumine [[supra]] [[atque]] [[infra]] constituto, Caes.: [[supra]], [[non]] [[infra]] est [[deus]], Lact. – b) [[darüber]] [[heraus]], [[darüber]] [[hervor]], toto vertice [[supra]] est, Verg. – Compar. [[superius]], [[weiter]] [[hinauf]], [[weiter]] [[oben]], [[piscina]] [[superius]] construenda, Pallad.: [[superius]] rapiuntur, Sen.: Ggstz. [[subterius]], Isid. orig. 16, 8, 4. – c) [[oben]], [[vorher]], [[bei]] Verweisungen in [[Schrift]] u. [[Rede]], [[uti]] [[supra]] demonstravimus, Caes.: ut [[supra]] [[dixi]], Cic.: [[ille]], quem [[supra]] deformavi, Cic.: [[quae]] [[supra]] [[dixi]], Cic.: [[supra]] dictae particulae, Gell.: erunt adiungenda [[supra]] dictis [[etiam]] mictualia medicamenta, Cael. Aur. – Compar. [[superius]], [[weiter]] [[oben]], ut [[superius]] demonstravimus, Auct. b. Hisp.: [[dixi]] [[superius]], Phaedr.: de [[qua]] [[superius]] dixerim, Firm. – 2) [[von]] der [[Zeit]], [[von]] [[oben]] an, [[von]] [[früher]] her, [[weiter]] (aus vergangener [[Zeit]]), pauca [[supra]] repetere, Sall., de alqo, Tac. – 3) v. [[Maße]]: a) eig.: [[darüber]], [[mehr]], [[centesimus]] [[tibi]] [[vel]] [[supra]] premitur [[annus]], Sen.: [[ager]] [[fortasse]] trecentis [[aut]] [[etiam]] [[supra]] nummorum milibus [[emptus]], Hor.: [[supra]] adicere, [[mehr]] [[bieten]], Cic. – b) übtr., [[darüber]] [[hinaus]], [[mehr]], dialogos confeci et absolvi [[nescio]] [[quam]] [[bene]], [[sed]] [[ita]] [[accurate]], ut [[nihil]] possit [[supra]], Cic.: dominandi [[supra]] [[quam]] aestimari avidissimus potest, Aur. Vict.: [[nihil]] [[supra]], Ter.: [[supra]] deos lacessere, [[noch]] [[mehr]], Hor. – dah. [[supra]] [[quam]], [[mehr]] [[als]], [[patiens]] inediae, algoris, [[supra]] [[quam]] cuiquam credibile est, Sall.: rem [[supra]] feret, [[quam]] fieri potest, größer [[machen]], [[als]] es [[möglich]] ist, Cic.<br />'''II)''' Praepos. m. Acc.: 1) v. Raume: a) [[mit]] Verben der [[Ruhe]] = [[über]], [[oben]] [[über]], [[oben]] [[auf]], [[auf]] (Ggstz. [[infra]]), [[ille]] [[qui]] [[supra]] [[nos]] habitat, Plaut.: Nerëides [[supra]] delphinos et [[cete]] sedentes, Plin.: [[ubi]] [[circa]] muros [[supra]] subterque terram per [[dies]] [[quindecim]] pugnatum est, Liv.: [[mit]] [[Berücksichtigung]] der Rangordnung, accumbere [[supra]] alqm, ([[bei]] Tische) [[über]] jmd. [[liegen]], Cic. – insbes. [[von]] der geographischen [[Lage]] = [[oberhalb]], [[jenseit]], [[exercitus]], [[qui]] [[supra]] Suessulam Nolae praesideret, Liv.: [[Syene]] est [[supra]] Alexandriam, Plin. – bildl., [[supra]] [[caput]], [[über]] dem Kopfe, d.i. [[auf]] dem Halse, zur [[Last]], [[ecce]] [[supra]] [[caput]] [[homo]] [[levis]], da hab' [[ich]] [[auf]] dem Halse, Cic.: [[supra]] [[caput]] [[esse]], Sall. u. Liv. – übtr., zur Bezeichnung [[des]] Amtes, das jmd. hat, [[über]], [[qui]] [[supra]] bibliothecam fuerunt, Vitr. 7. praef. § 5: [[supra]] rationes [[esse]] positum, Ps. Quint. decl. 353: [[libertus]] [[supra]] hereditates, Scribon. 162: [[supra]] insulas, Corp. inscr. Lat. 14, 2769: [[supra]] iumenta, ibid. 6, 7987 u. 9486: [[supra]] cocos, ibid. 6, 9261. – b) [[mit]] Verben der [[Bewegung]]: α) [[über]]... [[hinweg]], [[über]]... [[hin]], [[fera]] saltu [[supra]] venabula fertur, Verg.: [[supra]] segetes navigare, Ov. – β) [[oben]] [[auf]], tignumque [[supra]] [[turba]] [[petulans]] insilit, Phaedr.: [[nec]] exissent [[umquam]] [[supra]] terram, Cic. – γ) [[über]]... [[hinaus]], attolli [[supra]] ceteros mortales, Plin.: [[supra]] alqm [[ire]], [[einen]] [[übertreffen]], Verg.: exsurgere [[supra]] dolores, Ps. Albinov. – 2) v. der [[Zeit]], [[über]], [[vor]], [[paulo]] [[supra]] hanc memoriam, Caes.: [[supra]] septingentesimum annum, Liv. – 3) vom [[Maße]], a) eig. = [[über]], [[über]]... [[hinaus]], [[supra]] [[milia]] [[viginti]], Liv.: [[nec]] [[supra]] geminos [[fetus]], Plin. – b) übtr.: α) [[über]], [[über]]... [[hinaus]], [[supra]] modum, Liv.: [[supra]] morem, Verg.: [[supra]] [[vires]], Hor.: [[supra]] humanam formam, Phaedr.: [[supra]] humanam fidem, Plin.: [[supra]] omnium opinionem, Scrib.: [[dominatio]] et [[potentia]], [[quae]] [[supra]] leges se [[esse]] velit, die [[mehr]] [[gelten]] will [[als]], Cic.: [[supra]] Coclites Musiosque id [[facinus]] [[esse]], gehe [[über]] die eines K.u.M. [[hinaus]], Liv. – β) [[über]], [[außer]], [[supra]] belli [[Latini]] metum id [[quoque]] accesserat, [[quod]] etc., Liv.: de floribus [[supra]] dictos scripsit [[Theophrastus]], [[außer]] den genannten, Plin.
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