μαδάω: Difference between revisions
Βουλῆς γὰρ ὀρθῆς οὐδὲν ἀσφαλέστερον → Nam tutior res nulla consilio bono → Denn nichts führt weniger irre als ein guter Rat
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|elrutext='''μαδάω:''' досл. течь, растекаться, выпадать (о волосах), перен. быть плешивым ([[πρεσβύτης]] μαδῶν Arph.). | |elrutext='''μαδάω:''' досл. течь, растекаться, выпадать (о волосах), перен. быть плешивым ([[πρεσβύτης]] μαδῶν Arph.). | ||
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{{etym | |||
|etymtx=Grammatical information: v.<br />Meaning: <b class="b2">be moist</b> (Thphr.; on a disease of a fir-tree), also <b class="b2">fall off</b> of hair, also with <b class="b3">ἀπο-</b> (Hp., Ar., Arist., LXX).<br />Other forms: aor. <b class="b3">μαδῆσαι</b><br />Derivatives: <b class="b3">μάδησις</b> <b class="b2">falling off of hair</b> (Hp.), <b class="b3">μαδαῖος</b> <b class="b2">being moist</b> (Poet. <b class="b2">de herb</b>.; after <b class="b3">ἰκμαῖος</b>?). - Factitive <b class="b3">μαδίζω</b>, also with <b class="b3">ἀπο-</b>, <b class="b2">remove the hair, pluck or singe bare</b> (medic.) with <b class="b3">μαδιστήριον</b> <b class="b2">instrument, place where depilation is carried on</b> = <b class="b3">ευ῝στρα</b> (Halicarn. Ia, sch.), <b class="b3">ὁλο-μάδιστος</b> <b class="b2">quite bald</b> (Cyran.), also <b class="b3">μάδισος</b> (s. below); as iterative <b class="b3">μαδάσκομαι</b> <b class="b2">become moist</b> (medic. VIIp). - Expressive enlargement <b class="b3">μα[γ]δάλλει τίλλει</b>, <b class="b3">ἐσθίει</b>; <b class="b3">μα[γ]δάλλοντες τίλλοντες</b>, <b class="b3">ἐσθίοντες</b> H., cf. <b class="b3">κναδάλλεται κνήθεται</b> H. and Debrunner IF 21, 91. - Besides <b class="b3">μαδαρός</b> <b class="b2">being moist</b> (Hp., Arist.), [[bald]] (Luc.) with <b class="b3">μαδαρότης</b> <b class="b2">baldness, falling off of the hair, the eyelashes</b> (Hp., Gal.), <b class="b3">μαδαρόω</b> <b class="b2">remove the hairs</b> (LXX Ne. 13, 25, v. l., Crete IIa), <b class="b3">μαδάρωσις</b> = <b class="b3">-ότης</b> (Gal., Vett. Val.; prob. direct from <b class="b3">μαδαρός</b>, cf. Chantraine Form. 279); <b class="b3">μαδαρ-ιάω</b> <b class="b2">suffer loss of hair</b> (Cleopatra ap. Gal. 12, 405). Beside <b class="b3">μαδαρός</b> there is <b class="b3">μαδι-γένειος</b> <b class="b2">with bald chin</b> (Arist.); cf. <b class="b3">χαλαρός</b>: <b class="b3">χαλί-φρων</b>.<br />Origin: IE [Indo-European] [694] <b class="b2">*meh₂d-</b>? <b class="b2">be moist, drip</b><br />Etymology: On the development <b class="b2">flow away</b> > <b class="b2">fall out</b> cf. <b class="b3">ἐκρέω</b> <b class="b2">flow away, fall out</b> and Lat. [[dēfluō]] <b class="b2">flow down</b>, also <b class="b2">fall out, go out</b> of hairs. - With <b class="b3">μαδάω</b> : <b class="b3">μαδαρός</b> cf. <b class="b3">χαλάω</b> : <b class="b3">χαλαρός</b> and the synonymous pair <b class="b3">πλαδάω</b> : <b class="b3">πλαδαρός</b>; but aor. <b class="b3">μαδῆσαι</b> innovation against <b class="b3">χαλάσαι</b> (as <b class="b3">λαγαρός</b> : <b class="b3">λαγάσαι</b> a. o.); the morphological analysis, however, remains uncertain, cf. Schwyzer 682 f. - Only formally different are: Lat. [[madeō]] <b class="b2">be moist, drip, be drunk</b> (after the intransitives in <b class="b2">-ēre</b>), OIr. [[maidim]] <b class="b2">break (out)</b> (intr.), <b class="b2">fall to pieces</b> (from *'flow out, away' v.t.; can be formally identical with [[madeō]]), Skt. <b class="b2">mádati</b> (themat. root-pres.), <b class="b2">ma-mát-ti</b> (redupl.) a. o. <b class="b2">be drunken, fuddle oneself, swallow, be marry</b>; further connections, partly uncertain, in Bq, WP. 2, 230ff., Pok. 694f., W.-Hofmann s. [[madeō]]; ib. more lit. Attempt to identify <b class="b3">μαδαρός</b> and Lat. [[madidus]] (< <b class="b2">-iro-s</b>?), in Bloch Sprachgesch. u. Wortbed. 24. - Cf. <b class="b3">μαστός</b> and <b class="b3">μήδεα</b>. - Note (as backformation?) <b class="b3">μάδος</b> (<b class="b3">-ον</b>) as plant-name, = <b class="b3">ἄμπελος λευκή</b> (Dsc.), because its root was used for depilation; by H. rendered with <b class="b3">ψίλωθρον</b>, which may indicate the same plant. Besides <b class="b3">μαδωνάϊς</b> = <b class="b3">νυμφαία</b>, <b class="b2">water-lily</b> (Boeot. acc. to Thphr. HP 9, 13; because of its humid stand?); cf. Bechtel Dial. 1, 307, who with several others changes to <b class="b3">μαδωνία</b> (cf. Chantraine Form. 208). - Also <b class="b3">μάδισος δίκελλα</b>. <b class="b3">οἱ δε μαδιβός</b> H., prob. from <b class="b3">μαδίζω</b>, s. above a. Chantraine 435; cf. <b class="b3">τάμισος</b> (from <b class="b3">ταμεῖν</b>)? On <b class="b2">*meh₂d-</b> see Lubotsky, MSS 40 (1981)133-138. | |||
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Revision as of 03:20, 3 January 2019
English (LSJ)
A to be moist or sodden, of a disease in fig-trees, Thphr.HP4.14.5. 2 of hair, fall off, Ael.NA15.18; of persons, to be bald, Ar.Pl.266, Longus 3.32, cf. Gal.16.88; μ. τὰς τρίχας Sotion p.186 W.; ἐάν τινι μαδήσῃ ἡ κεφαλή LXX Le.13.40: abs., ἐὰν μαδήσῃ if there is baldness, Hp.Mul.2.189.
Greek (Liddell-Scott)
μᾰδάω: μέλλ. -ήσω, Λατ. madere, εἶμαι ὑγρὸς ἢ μαλακός, ἐπὶ νόσου τινὸς τῶν συκῶν, Θεοφρ. π. Φυτ. Ἱστ. 4. 14. 5. 2) ἐπὶ τριχῶν, «μαδῶ», ἐκπίπτω, Λατ. defluere, Αἰλ. π. Ζ. 15. 18· ἐπὶ ἀνθρώπων, εἶμαι φαλακρός, Ἀριστοφ. Πλ. 266, Λόγγος 3. 32· πρβλ. μαδίζω, μυδάω. (Πρβλ. μαδός, μαδαρός· Λατ. madeo, madesco, madidus, καὶ ἴσως τὸ manare.)
French (Bailly abrégé)
-ῶ :
tomber en parl. des cheveux.
Étymologie: R. Μαδ, être humide ; cf. lat. madeo.
Greek Monotonic
μᾰδάω: μέλ. -ήσω, είμαι πλαδαρός· είμαι φαλακρός, σε Αριστοφ.
Russian (Dvoretsky)
μαδάω: досл. течь, растекаться, выпадать (о волосах), перен. быть плешивым (πρεσβύτης μαδῶν Arph.).
Frisk Etymological English
Grammatical information: v.
Meaning: be moist (Thphr.; on a disease of a fir-tree), also fall off of hair, also with ἀπο- (Hp., Ar., Arist., LXX).
Other forms: aor. μαδῆσαι
Derivatives: μάδησις falling off of hair (Hp.), μαδαῖος being moist (Poet. de herb.; after ἰκμαῖος?). - Factitive μαδίζω, also with ἀπο-, remove the hair, pluck or singe bare (medic.) with μαδιστήριον instrument, place where depilation is carried on = ευ῝στρα (Halicarn. Ia, sch.), ὁλο-μάδιστος quite bald (Cyran.), also μάδισος (s. below); as iterative μαδάσκομαι become moist (medic. VIIp). - Expressive enlargement μα[γ]δάλλει τίλλει, ἐσθίει; μα[γ]δάλλοντες τίλλοντες, ἐσθίοντες H., cf. κναδάλλεται κνήθεται H. and Debrunner IF 21, 91. - Besides μαδαρός being moist (Hp., Arist.), bald (Luc.) with μαδαρότης baldness, falling off of the hair, the eyelashes (Hp., Gal.), μαδαρόω remove the hairs (LXX Ne. 13, 25, v. l., Crete IIa), μαδάρωσις = -ότης (Gal., Vett. Val.; prob. direct from μαδαρός, cf. Chantraine Form. 279); μαδαρ-ιάω suffer loss of hair (Cleopatra ap. Gal. 12, 405). Beside μαδαρός there is μαδι-γένειος with bald chin (Arist.); cf. χαλαρός: χαλί-φρων.
Origin: IE [Indo-European] [694] *meh₂d-? be moist, drip
Etymology: On the development flow away > fall out cf. ἐκρέω flow away, fall out and Lat. dēfluō flow down, also fall out, go out of hairs. - With μαδάω : μαδαρός cf. χαλάω : χαλαρός and the synonymous pair πλαδάω : πλαδαρός; but aor. μαδῆσαι innovation against χαλάσαι (as λαγαρός : λαγάσαι a. o.); the morphological analysis, however, remains uncertain, cf. Schwyzer 682 f. - Only formally different are: Lat. madeō be moist, drip, be drunk (after the intransitives in -ēre), OIr. maidim break (out) (intr.), fall to pieces (from *'flow out, away' v.t.; can be formally identical with madeō), Skt. mádati (themat. root-pres.), ma-mát-ti (redupl.) a. o. be drunken, fuddle oneself, swallow, be marry; further connections, partly uncertain, in Bq, WP. 2, 230ff., Pok. 694f., W.-Hofmann s. madeō; ib. more lit. Attempt to identify μαδαρός and Lat. madidus (< -iro-s?), in Bloch Sprachgesch. u. Wortbed. 24. - Cf. μαστός and μήδεα. - Note (as backformation?) μάδος (-ον) as plant-name, = ἄμπελος λευκή (Dsc.), because its root was used for depilation; by H. rendered with ψίλωθρον, which may indicate the same plant. Besides μαδωνάϊς = νυμφαία, water-lily (Boeot. acc. to Thphr. HP 9, 13; because of its humid stand?); cf. Bechtel Dial. 1, 307, who with several others changes to μαδωνία (cf. Chantraine Form. 208). - Also μάδισος δίκελλα. οἱ δε μαδιβός H., prob. from μαδίζω, s. above a. Chantraine 435; cf. τάμισος (from ταμεῖν)? On *meh₂d- see Lubotsky, MSS 40 (1981)133-138.
