βιάζω: Difference between revisions
οὐ δικαίως θάνατον ἔχθουσιν βροτοί, ὅσπερ μέγιστον ῥῦμα τῶν πολλῶν κακῶν → unjustly men hate death, which is the greatest defence against their many ills | men are not right in hating death, which is the greatest succour from our many ills
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|Definition=<span class="sense"><p> <span class="bld">A</span> <b class="b2">constrain</b>, Act. once in Hom., ἦ μάλα δή με βιάζετε <span class="bibl">Od.12.297</span>; ἐβίασε τὴν γυναῖκά μου <span class="bibl">Alc.Com.29</span>: abs., <b class="b3">εἰ πάνυ ἐβίαζον</b> if <b class="b2">they used force</b>, <span class="bibl">Hp.<span class="title">Epid.</span>2.24</span>; cf. infr.<span class="bibl">1.2</span>:—Pass., fut. βιασθήσομαι <span class="bibl">Paus. 6.5.9</span>: aor. <b class="b3">ἐβιάσθην</b>, pf. <b class="b3">βεβίασμαι</b> (v. infr.):—<b class="b2">to be hard pressed</b> or <b class="b2">overpowered</b>, βελέεσσι βιάζεται <span class="bibl">Il.11.589</span>; <b class="b3">βιάζετο γὰρ βελ</b>. <span class="bibl">15.727</span>; βιασθέντες λύᾳ <span class="bibl">Pi.<span class="title">N.</span>9.14</span>; νόσῳ <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Fr.</span>20</span> (= <span class="title">Trag.Adesp.</span>70); <b class="b2">to be forced</b> or <b class="b2">constrained</b> to do, c. inf., Id.<span class="title">Th.</span>890: c. acc. cogn., βιάζομαι τάδε <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">Ant.</span>66</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">1073</span>; βιασθείς <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">El.</span>575</span>; ἐπεὶ ἐβιάσθη <span class="bibl">Th.4.44</span>; ὑπό τινος <span class="bibl">Id.1.2</span>; opp. <b class="b3">ἀδικεῖσθαι</b>, ib.<span class="bibl">77</span>; βιασθεὶς ἄκων ἔπραξεν <span class="bibl">D.6.16</span>; ἵνα ἢ συγχωρήσωσιν . . ἢ βιασθῶσιν <span class="bibl">Id.18.175</span>; βιαζόμενος ὑπό τινος ἐξήμαρτεν <span class="bibl">Antipho 4.4.5</span>; <b class="b3">βεβιασμένοι</b> <b class="b2">forcibly made slaves</b>, <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">Hier.</span>2.12</span>; <b class="b3">πόλεις βεβ</b>. <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">HG</span>5.2.23</span>: βιαζόμενος ὑπὸ τῆς παρούσης ἀπορίας <span class="bibl">Th.7.67</span>; <b class="b3">τὸ βιασθέν</b> <b class="b2">those who are forced</b>, <span class="bibl">Arist.<span class="title">Pol.</span>1255a11</span>; of things, <b class="b3">τοὔνειδος ὀργῇ βιασθέν</b> <b class="b2">forced from one</b> by anger, <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">OT</span> 524</span>; <b class="b3">τὸ βεβιασμένον</b> <b class="b2">forced</b> to fit a hypothesis, <span class="bibl">Arist.<span class="title">Metaph.</span>1082b2</span>; <b class="b3">βεβ. σχήματα</b> <b class="b2">forced</b> figures of speech, <span class="bibl">D.H.<span class="title">Th.</span>33</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">Porph.<span class="title">Antr.</span> 36</span>. </span><span class="sense"> <span class="bld">2</span> Act., <b class="b2">make good, suffice to discharge</b> a debt, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">PFlor.</span>56.13</span>. </span><span class="sense"> <span class="bld">II</span> more freq. <b class="b3">βιάζομαι</b>, aor. Med. <b class="b3">ἐβιασάμην</b>, pf. βεβίασμαι <span class="bibl">D.19.206</span>, <span class="bibl">Men.<span class="title">Sam.</span>63</span>, <span class="bibl">D.C.46.45</span>:—<b class="b2">overpower by force, press hard</b>, ἦ μάλα δή σε βιάζεται ὠκὺς Ἀχιλλεύς <span class="bibl">Il.22.229</span>, etc.; <b class="b3">β. τοὺς πολεμίους</b> <b class="b2">dislodge</b> them, <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">An.</span>1.4.5</span>; <b class="b3">β. νόμους</b> <b class="b2">to do</b> them <b class="b2">violence</b>, <span class="bibl">Th. 8.53</span>; <b class="b3">βιασάμενος ταῦτα πάντα</b> <b class="b2">having broken through</b> all these restraints, <span class="bibl">Lys.6.52</span>; <b class="b3">β. γυναῖκα</b> <b class="b2">force</b> her, <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Pl.</span>1092</span>; opp. <b class="b3">πείθειν</b>, <span class="bibl">Lys.1.32</span>; <b class="b3">β. αὑτόν</b> <b class="b2">lay violent hands on</b> oneself, <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Phd.</span>61c</span>, <span class="bibl">61d</span>; <b class="b3">β. τινά</b>, c. inf., <b class="b2">force</b> one to do, <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">An.</span>1.3.1</span>; <b class="b3">τί με βιάζεσθε λέγειν</b>; <span class="bibl">Arist. <span class="title">Fr.</span>44</span>: with inf. omitted, <b class="b3">β. τὰ σφάγια</b> <b class="b2">force</b> the victims [<b class="b2">to be favourable</b>], <span class="bibl">Hdt.9.41</span>; β. ἄστρα <span class="bibl">Theoc.22.9</span>: c. dupl. acc., αὐδῶ πόλιν σε μὴ β. τόδε <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Th.</span>1047</span>. </span><span class="sense"> <span class="bld">2</span> c. acc. rei, <b class="b2">carry by force</b>, <b class="b3">βιάσασθαι τὸν ἔκπλουν</b> <b class="b2">force</b> an exit, <span class="bibl">Th.7.72</span>; τὴν ἀπόβασιν <span class="bibl">Id.4.11</span>: c. acc. neut., <span class="bibl">And.4.17</span>, <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">HG</span>5.3.12</span>. </span><span class="sense"> <span class="bld">3</span> abs., <b class="b2">act with violence, use force</b>, <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Pr.</span> 1010</span>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Ag.</span>1509</span> (lyr.), <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">Aj.</span>1160</span>, etc.; πρὸς τὸ λαμπρὸν ὁ φθόνος βιάζεται <span class="title">Trag.Adesp.</span>547.12; opp. <b class="b3">δικάζομαι</b>, <span class="bibl">Th.1.77</span>; <b class="b3">β. διὰ φυλάκων</b> <b class="b2">force one's way</b>, <span class="bibl">Id.7.83</span>; <b class="b3">β. ἐς τὸ ἔξω, β. εἴσω</b>, ib.<span class="bibl">69</span>, <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">Cyr.</span>3.3.69</span>; δρόμῳ β. <span class="bibl">Th.1.63</span>: c. inf., β. πρὸς τὸν λόφον ἐλθεῖν <span class="bibl">Id.7.79</span>; <b class="b3">βιαζόμενοι βλάπτειν</b> <b class="b2">using every effort</b> to hurt me, <span class="bibl">Lys.9.16</span>; but <b class="b3">βιαζόμενοιμὴ ἀποδιδόναι</b> refusing <b class="b2">with violence</b> to repay, <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">HG</span>5.3.12</span>: esp. in part., <b class="b3">ἵνα βιασάμενοι ἐκπλεύσωσι</b> may sail out <b class="b2">by forcing their way</b>, <span class="bibl">Th.7.67</span>; συνεξέρχονται βιασάμενοι <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">An.</span>7.8.11</span>; <b class="b3">ἐπὶ μᾶλλον ἔτι β</b>. (of a famine) <b class="b2">grow worse and worse</b>, <span class="bibl">Hdt.1.94</span>. </span><span class="sense"> <span class="bld">4</span> <b class="b2">contend</b> or <b class="b2">argue vehemently</b>, c. inf., <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Sph.</span>246b</span>; <b class="b3">β. τὸ μὴ ὂν ὡς ἔστι κατά τι</b> ib. <span class="bibl">241d</span>: abs., <b class="b2">persist in assertion</b>, <span class="bibl">D.21.205</span>.</span> | |Definition=<span class="sense"><p> <span class="bld">A</span> <b class="b2">constrain</b>, Act. once in Hom., ἦ μάλα δή με βιάζετε <span class="bibl">Od.12.297</span>; ἐβίασε τὴν γυναῖκά μου <span class="bibl">Alc.Com.29</span>: abs., <b class="b3">εἰ πάνυ ἐβίαζον</b> if <b class="b2">they used force</b>, <span class="bibl">Hp.<span class="title">Epid.</span>2.24</span>; cf. infr.<span class="bibl">1.2</span>:—Pass., fut. βιασθήσομαι <span class="bibl">Paus. 6.5.9</span>: aor. <b class="b3">ἐβιάσθην</b>, pf. <b class="b3">βεβίασμαι</b> (v. infr.):—<b class="b2">to be hard pressed</b> or <b class="b2">overpowered</b>, βελέεσσι βιάζεται <span class="bibl">Il.11.589</span>; <b class="b3">βιάζετο γὰρ βελ</b>. <span class="bibl">15.727</span>; βιασθέντες λύᾳ <span class="bibl">Pi.<span class="title">N.</span>9.14</span>; νόσῳ <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Fr.</span>20</span> (= <span class="title">Trag.Adesp.</span>70); <b class="b2">to be forced</b> or <b class="b2">constrained</b> to do, c. inf., Id.<span class="title">Th.</span>890: c. acc. cogn., βιάζομαι τάδε <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">Ant.</span>66</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">1073</span>; βιασθείς <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">El.</span>575</span>; ἐπεὶ ἐβιάσθη <span class="bibl">Th.4.44</span>; ὑπό τινος <span class="bibl">Id.1.2</span>; opp. <b class="b3">ἀδικεῖσθαι</b>, ib.<span class="bibl">77</span>; βιασθεὶς ἄκων ἔπραξεν <span class="bibl">D.6.16</span>; ἵνα ἢ συγχωρήσωσιν . . ἢ βιασθῶσιν <span class="bibl">Id.18.175</span>; βιαζόμενος ὑπό τινος ἐξήμαρτεν <span class="bibl">Antipho 4.4.5</span>; <b class="b3">βεβιασμένοι</b> <b class="b2">forcibly made slaves</b>, <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">Hier.</span>2.12</span>; <b class="b3">πόλεις βεβ</b>. <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">HG</span>5.2.23</span>: βιαζόμενος ὑπὸ τῆς παρούσης ἀπορίας <span class="bibl">Th.7.67</span>; <b class="b3">τὸ βιασθέν</b> <b class="b2">those who are forced</b>, <span class="bibl">Arist.<span class="title">Pol.</span>1255a11</span>; of things, <b class="b3">τοὔνειδος ὀργῇ βιασθέν</b> <b class="b2">forced from one</b> by anger, <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">OT</span> 524</span>; <b class="b3">τὸ βεβιασμένον</b> <b class="b2">forced</b> to fit a hypothesis, <span class="bibl">Arist.<span class="title">Metaph.</span>1082b2</span>; <b class="b3">βεβ. σχήματα</b> <b class="b2">forced</b> figures of speech, <span class="bibl">D.H.<span class="title">Th.</span>33</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">Porph.<span class="title">Antr.</span> 36</span>. </span><span class="sense"> <span class="bld">2</span> Act., <b class="b2">make good, suffice to discharge</b> a debt, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">PFlor.</span>56.13</span>. </span><span class="sense"> <span class="bld">II</span> more freq. <b class="b3">βιάζομαι</b>, aor. Med. <b class="b3">ἐβιασάμην</b>, pf. βεβίασμαι <span class="bibl">D.19.206</span>, <span class="bibl">Men.<span class="title">Sam.</span>63</span>, <span class="bibl">D.C.46.45</span>:—<b class="b2">overpower by force, press hard</b>, ἦ μάλα δή σε βιάζεται ὠκὺς Ἀχιλλεύς <span class="bibl">Il.22.229</span>, etc.; <b class="b3">β. τοὺς πολεμίους</b> <b class="b2">dislodge</b> them, <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">An.</span>1.4.5</span>; <b class="b3">β. νόμους</b> <b class="b2">to do</b> them <b class="b2">violence</b>, <span class="bibl">Th. 8.53</span>; <b class="b3">βιασάμενος ταῦτα πάντα</b> <b class="b2">having broken through</b> all these restraints, <span class="bibl">Lys.6.52</span>; <b class="b3">β. γυναῖκα</b> <b class="b2">force</b> her, <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Pl.</span>1092</span>; opp. <b class="b3">πείθειν</b>, <span class="bibl">Lys.1.32</span>; <b class="b3">β. αὑτόν</b> <b class="b2">lay violent hands on</b> oneself, <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Phd.</span>61c</span>, <span class="bibl">61d</span>; <b class="b3">β. τινά</b>, c. inf., <b class="b2">force</b> one to do, <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">An.</span>1.3.1</span>; <b class="b3">τί με βιάζεσθε λέγειν</b>; <span class="bibl">Arist. <span class="title">Fr.</span>44</span>: with inf. omitted, <b class="b3">β. τὰ σφάγια</b> <b class="b2">force</b> the victims [<b class="b2">to be favourable</b>], <span class="bibl">Hdt.9.41</span>; β. ἄστρα <span class="bibl">Theoc.22.9</span>: c. dupl. acc., αὐδῶ πόλιν σε μὴ β. τόδε <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Th.</span>1047</span>. </span><span class="sense"> <span class="bld">2</span> c. acc. rei, <b class="b2">carry by force</b>, <b class="b3">βιάσασθαι τὸν ἔκπλουν</b> <b class="b2">force</b> an exit, <span class="bibl">Th.7.72</span>; τὴν ἀπόβασιν <span class="bibl">Id.4.11</span>: c. acc. neut., <span class="bibl">And.4.17</span>, <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">HG</span>5.3.12</span>. </span><span class="sense"> <span class="bld">3</span> abs., <b class="b2">act with violence, use force</b>, <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Pr.</span> 1010</span>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Ag.</span>1509</span> (lyr.), <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">Aj.</span>1160</span>, etc.; πρὸς τὸ λαμπρὸν ὁ φθόνος βιάζεται <span class="title">Trag.Adesp.</span>547.12; opp. <b class="b3">δικάζομαι</b>, <span class="bibl">Th.1.77</span>; <b class="b3">β. διὰ φυλάκων</b> <b class="b2">force one's way</b>, <span class="bibl">Id.7.83</span>; <b class="b3">β. ἐς τὸ ἔξω, β. εἴσω</b>, ib.<span class="bibl">69</span>, <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">Cyr.</span>3.3.69</span>; δρόμῳ β. <span class="bibl">Th.1.63</span>: c. inf., β. πρὸς τὸν λόφον ἐλθεῖν <span class="bibl">Id.7.79</span>; <b class="b3">βιαζόμενοι βλάπτειν</b> <b class="b2">using every effort</b> to hurt me, <span class="bibl">Lys.9.16</span>; but <b class="b3">βιαζόμενοιμὴ ἀποδιδόναι</b> refusing <b class="b2">with violence</b> to repay, <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">HG</span>5.3.12</span>: esp. in part., <b class="b3">ἵνα βιασάμενοι ἐκπλεύσωσι</b> may sail out <b class="b2">by forcing their way</b>, <span class="bibl">Th.7.67</span>; συνεξέρχονται βιασάμενοι <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">An.</span>7.8.11</span>; <b class="b3">ἐπὶ μᾶλλον ἔτι β</b>. (of a famine) <b class="b2">grow worse and worse</b>, <span class="bibl">Hdt.1.94</span>. </span><span class="sense"> <span class="bld">4</span> <b class="b2">contend</b> or <b class="b2">argue vehemently</b>, c. inf., <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Sph.</span>246b</span>; <b class="b3">β. τὸ μὴ ὂν ὡς ἔστι κατά τι</b> ib. <span class="bibl">241d</span>: abs., <b class="b2">persist in assertion</b>, <span class="bibl">D.21.205</span>.</span> | ||
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|ptext=[[https://www.translatum.gr/images/pape/pape-01-0443.png Seite 443]] bewältigen, zwingen; Hom. acti v. Odyss. 12, 297 βιάζετε μοῦνον ἐόντα, Scholl. Aristonic.<b class="b2"> βιάζετε</b>: Ζηνόδοτος <b class="b2">βιάζεσθ' οἶον ἐόντα</b>, οὐ νοήσας, ὅτι ποιητικῶς ἐσχημάτισται, d. h. Zenodot habe nicht begriffen, daß Homer das Verbum βιάζεσθαι, welches gewöhnlich allerdings medium (passivum) sei, hier ausnahmsweise einmal mit dichterischer Freiheit als activum conjugire; <b class="b2">medium</b> Iliad. 22, 229 Odyss. 9, 410 βιάζεται, <b class="b2">passiv</b>. Iliad. 11, 589 βιάζεται, 15, 727. 16, 102 βιάζετο, 11, 576 βιαζόμενον. <b class="b2">Activ</b>. Alcaeus com. B. A. 86 ἐβίασε (Meineke C. G. F. 2, 2 p. 833), und Spätere; <b class="b2">passiv</b> . das praes. Thuc. 1, 2. 77. 4, 10. 7, 84 Aeschyl. Ag. 1509 Soph. Ant. 66, das perf. βεβίασμαι Xen. Hell. 5, 2, 23, der aor. ἐβιάσθην Xen. Hell. 7, 3, 9. Meist dep. med. <b class="b2">βιάζομαι:</b> 1) Gewaltanthun, bedrängen, zwingen; Demosth. Fals. leg. 206 οὐδὲν γὰρ πώποτ' οὔτ' ἠνώχλησα [[οὔτε]] μὴ βουλομένους ὑμᾶς βεβίασμαι; βιασθέντες λύᾳ Pind. N. 9, 14; τινά Aesch. Spt. 1033 Ag. 768 u. sonst; γυναῖκα, ein Weib nothzüchtigen, Plat. Legg. IX, 874 c; Xen. Cyr. 2, 1, 34; vgl. Ar. Pl. 1092; ἀνθρώπους, gewaltthätig behandeln, Xen. Mem. 2, 6, 24; ἑαυτόν, sich Gewalt anthun, sich tödten, Plat. Phaed. 61 d; oft Ggstz πείθειν, z. B. Gorg. 517 d; τὰ σφάγια Her. 9, 41, Gewalt anthun, verletzen; νόμους Thuc. 8, 53; [[ἄλλοθεν]] βιασθέντες, mit Gewalt weggeführt, Xen. Cyr. 4, 5, 56. Oft wird ein inf. hinzugesetzt, Xen. An. 1, 3, 1, u. bes. Sp. – 2) erzwingen, mit Gewalt durchsetzen, τὰ σφάγια, günstige Vorzeichen, Her. 9, 41; τὸν ἔκπλουν Thuc. 7, 70; βιασάμενον ἐκπλεῖν 7, 67; βιασάμενος, mit Gewalt, Xen. An. 7, 8, 11; ὁ [[νόμος]] πολλὰ παρὰ τὴν φύσιν βιάζεται Plat. Prot. 337 d; vgl. Xen. Hell. 5, 3, 12. 6, 1, 4; [[εἴσω]], mit Gewalt eindringen, Cyr. 3, 3, 69; vgl. 5, 5, 45; διὰ τῶν φυλάκων Thuc. 7, 83; πρὸς τὸν λόφον [[ἐλθεῖν]] 7, 79; πρὸς τὸν λόφον Pol. 2, 67; τῆ [[πύλη]] 4, 18 u. öfter; [[πρόσω]], vorwärts dringen, Plut. Pomp. 71; τὰς [[ναῦς]], die Schiffe forciren, Thuc. 7, 23; vgl. 3, 20; πολεμίους Xen. An. 1, 4, 5, d. i. βίᾳ ἀπώσασθαι. – Auch von der Rede, etwas behaupten u. eine Behauptung durchzusetzen suchen, νοητὰ [[ἄττα]] εἴδη – τὴν ἀληθινὴν οὐσίαν εἶναι Plat. Soph. 246 b; vgl. Dem. 21, 205. – Von dem Styl, βεβιασμένα σχήματα, geschraubt, Dion. Hal. iud. de Thuc. 33, öfter. | |||
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Revision as of 19:15, 2 August 2017
English (LSJ)
A constrain, Act. once in Hom., ἦ μάλα δή με βιάζετε Od.12.297; ἐβίασε τὴν γυναῖκά μου Alc.Com.29: abs., εἰ πάνυ ἐβίαζον if they used force, Hp.Epid.2.24; cf. infr.1.2:—Pass., fut. βιασθήσομαι Paus. 6.5.9: aor. ἐβιάσθην, pf. βεβίασμαι (v. infr.):—to be hard pressed or overpowered, βελέεσσι βιάζεται Il.11.589; βιάζετο γὰρ βελ. 15.727; βιασθέντες λύᾳ Pi.N.9.14; νόσῳ Ar.Fr.20 (= Trag.Adesp.70); to be forced or constrained to do, c. inf., Id.Th.890: c. acc. cogn., βιάζομαι τάδε S.Ant.66, cf. 1073; βιασθείς Id.El.575; ἐπεὶ ἐβιάσθη Th.4.44; ὑπό τινος Id.1.2; opp. ἀδικεῖσθαι, ib.77; βιασθεὶς ἄκων ἔπραξεν D.6.16; ἵνα ἢ συγχωρήσωσιν . . ἢ βιασθῶσιν Id.18.175; βιαζόμενος ὑπό τινος ἐξήμαρτεν Antipho 4.4.5; βεβιασμένοι forcibly made slaves, X.Hier.2.12; πόλεις βεβ. Id.HG5.2.23: βιαζόμενος ὑπὸ τῆς παρούσης ἀπορίας Th.7.67; τὸ βιασθέν those who are forced, Arist.Pol.1255a11; of things, τοὔνειδος ὀργῇ βιασθέν forced from one by anger, S.OT 524; τὸ βεβιασμένον forced to fit a hypothesis, Arist.Metaph.1082b2; βεβ. σχήματα forced figures of speech, D.H.Th.33, cf. Porph.Antr. 36. 2 Act., make good, suffice to discharge a debt, PFlor.56.13. II more freq. βιάζομαι, aor. Med. ἐβιασάμην, pf. βεβίασμαι D.19.206, Men.Sam.63, D.C.46.45:—overpower by force, press hard, ἦ μάλα δή σε βιάζεται ὠκὺς Ἀχιλλεύς Il.22.229, etc.; β. τοὺς πολεμίους dislodge them, X.An.1.4.5; β. νόμους to do them violence, Th. 8.53; βιασάμενος ταῦτα πάντα having broken through all these restraints, Lys.6.52; β. γυναῖκα force her, Ar.Pl.1092; opp. πείθειν, Lys.1.32; β. αὑτόν lay violent hands on oneself, Pl.Phd.61c, 61d; β. τινά, c. inf., force one to do, X.An.1.3.1; τί με βιάζεσθε λέγειν; Arist. Fr.44: with inf. omitted, β. τὰ σφάγια force the victims [to be favourable], Hdt.9.41; β. ἄστρα Theoc.22.9: c. dupl. acc., αὐδῶ πόλιν σε μὴ β. τόδε A.Th.1047. 2 c. acc. rei, carry by force, βιάσασθαι τὸν ἔκπλουν force an exit, Th.7.72; τὴν ἀπόβασιν Id.4.11: c. acc. neut., And.4.17, X.HG5.3.12. 3 abs., act with violence, use force, A.Pr. 1010, Ag.1509 (lyr.), S.Aj.1160, etc.; πρὸς τὸ λαμπρὸν ὁ φθόνος βιάζεται Trag.Adesp.547.12; opp. δικάζομαι, Th.1.77; β. διὰ φυλάκων force one's way, Id.7.83; β. ἐς τὸ ἔξω, β. εἴσω, ib.69, X.Cyr.3.3.69; δρόμῳ β. Th.1.63: c. inf., β. πρὸς τὸν λόφον ἐλθεῖν Id.7.79; βιαζόμενοι βλάπτειν using every effort to hurt me, Lys.9.16; but βιαζόμενοιμὴ ἀποδιδόναι refusing with violence to repay, X.HG5.3.12: esp. in part., ἵνα βιασάμενοι ἐκπλεύσωσι may sail out by forcing their way, Th.7.67; συνεξέρχονται βιασάμενοι X.An.7.8.11; ἐπὶ μᾶλλον ἔτι β. (of a famine) grow worse and worse, Hdt.1.94. 4 contend or argue vehemently, c. inf., Pl.Sph.246b; β. τὸ μὴ ὂν ὡς ἔστι κατά τι ib. 241d: abs., persist in assertion, D.21.205.
German (Pape)
[Seite 443] bewältigen, zwingen; Hom. acti v. Odyss. 12, 297 βιάζετε μοῦνον ἐόντα, Scholl. Aristonic. βιάζετε: Ζηνόδοτος βιάζεσθ' οἶον ἐόντα, οὐ νοήσας, ὅτι ποιητικῶς ἐσχημάτισται, d. h. Zenodot habe nicht begriffen, daß Homer das Verbum βιάζεσθαι, welches gewöhnlich allerdings medium (passivum) sei, hier ausnahmsweise einmal mit dichterischer Freiheit als activum conjugire; medium Iliad. 22, 229 Odyss. 9, 410 βιάζεται, passiv. Iliad. 11, 589 βιάζεται, 15, 727. 16, 102 βιάζετο, 11, 576 βιαζόμενον. Activ. Alcaeus com. B. A. 86 ἐβίασε (Meineke C. G. F. 2, 2 p. 833), und Spätere; passiv . das praes. Thuc. 1, 2. 77. 4, 10. 7, 84 Aeschyl. Ag. 1509 Soph. Ant. 66, das perf. βεβίασμαι Xen. Hell. 5, 2, 23, der aor. ἐβιάσθην Xen. Hell. 7, 3, 9. Meist dep. med. βιάζομαι: 1) Gewaltanthun, bedrängen, zwingen; Demosth. Fals. leg. 206 οὐδὲν γὰρ πώποτ' οὔτ' ἠνώχλησα οὔτε μὴ βουλομένους ὑμᾶς βεβίασμαι; βιασθέντες λύᾳ Pind. N. 9, 14; τινά Aesch. Spt. 1033 Ag. 768 u. sonst; γυναῖκα, ein Weib nothzüchtigen, Plat. Legg. IX, 874 c; Xen. Cyr. 2, 1, 34; vgl. Ar. Pl. 1092; ἀνθρώπους, gewaltthätig behandeln, Xen. Mem. 2, 6, 24; ἑαυτόν, sich Gewalt anthun, sich tödten, Plat. Phaed. 61 d; oft Ggstz πείθειν, z. B. Gorg. 517 d; τὰ σφάγια Her. 9, 41, Gewalt anthun, verletzen; νόμους Thuc. 8, 53; ἄλλοθεν βιασθέντες, mit Gewalt weggeführt, Xen. Cyr. 4, 5, 56. Oft wird ein inf. hinzugesetzt, Xen. An. 1, 3, 1, u. bes. Sp. – 2) erzwingen, mit Gewalt durchsetzen, τὰ σφάγια, günstige Vorzeichen, Her. 9, 41; τὸν ἔκπλουν Thuc. 7, 70; βιασάμενον ἐκπλεῖν 7, 67; βιασάμενος, mit Gewalt, Xen. An. 7, 8, 11; ὁ νόμος πολλὰ παρὰ τὴν φύσιν βιάζεται Plat. Prot. 337 d; vgl. Xen. Hell. 5, 3, 12. 6, 1, 4; εἴσω, mit Gewalt eindringen, Cyr. 3, 3, 69; vgl. 5, 5, 45; διὰ τῶν φυλάκων Thuc. 7, 83; πρὸς τὸν λόφον ἐλθεῖν 7, 79; πρὸς τὸν λόφον Pol. 2, 67; τῆ πύλη 4, 18 u. öfter; πρόσω, vorwärts dringen, Plut. Pomp. 71; τὰς ναῦς, die Schiffe forciren, Thuc. 7, 23; vgl. 3, 20; πολεμίους Xen. An. 1, 4, 5, d. i. βίᾳ ἀπώσασθαι. – Auch von der Rede, etwas behaupten u. eine Behauptung durchzusetzen suchen, νοητὰ ἄττα εἴδη – τὴν ἀληθινὴν οὐσίαν εἶναι Plat. Soph. 246 b; vgl. Dem. 21, 205. – Von dem Styl, βεβιασμένα σχήματα, geschraubt, Dion. Hal. iud. de Thuc. 33, öfter.
