πειράω: Difference between revisions

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ὡς μήτε τὰ γενόμενα ἐξ ἀνθρώπων τῷ χρόνῳ ἐξίτηλα γένηται → in order that so the memory of the past may not be blotted out from among men by time

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|Definition=<span class="bibl">Il.8.8</span>, etc. : impf. <span class="sense"><p>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">A</span> ἐπείρων <span class="bibl">Th.4.25</span> : fut. -<b class="b3">άσω [ᾱ]</b> ib.<span class="bibl">9</span>, <span class="bibl">43</span> : aor. ἐπείρᾱσα <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">OC</span>1276</span>, <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Eq.</span>517</span>, <span class="bibl">Th.6.54</span> : pf. πεπείρᾱκα <span class="bibl">Luc.<span class="title">Am.</span>26</span> :—Pass., aor. <b class="b3">ἐπειράθην [ᾱ]</b> <span class="bibl">Th.6.54</span>; cf. [[πειράζω]]. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">B</span> more freq. in Med. πειράομαι, <span class="bibl">Il.2.193</span>, <span class="bibl">24.390</span>, etc. : fut. -<b class="b3">άσομαι [ᾱ]</b> <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">OC</span>959</span>, etc.; Dor. 2pl. πειρασεῖσθε <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Ach.</span>743</span>, cf. Hippod. ap. Stob.4.1.94; later πειρᾱθήσομαι <span class="title">Gp.</span>12.13.12 : aor. <b class="b3">ἐπειρᾱσάμην</b>, Ion. <b class="b3">ἐπειρησάμην</b>, <span class="bibl">Od.8.120</span>, <span class="bibl">Hdt.7.135</span>, <span class="bibl">Th.2.44</span>,al.; but aor. Pass. <b class="b3">ἐπειρήθην</b>, Att. <b class="b3">ἐπειράθην [ᾱ]</b>, found in med. sense, <span class="bibl">Il.19.384</span>, al., <span class="bibl">Hdt.3.152</span>,al., <span class="bibl">Th.2.5</span> (v.l.), <span class="bibl">33</span>, <span class="bibl">6.92</span>, and in later Prose : pf. <b class="b3">πεπείρᾱμαι</b>, Ion. -ημαι, <span class="bibl">Od.3.23</span>, <span class="bibl">Pi.<span class="title">Fr.</span>110</span>, <span class="bibl">Hdt.9.46</span>, <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">Fr.</span>584</span>, <span class="bibl">Antipho 5.1</span>, etc. : 3pl. plpf. ἐπεπείραντο D.C.<span class="title">Fr.</span>24.3, Ion. ἐπεπειρέατο <span class="bibl">Hdt. 7.125</span>. (From <b class="b3">πεῖρα</b>.) </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">A</span> Act., <b class="b2">attempt, endeavour, try</b>, c. inf., μήτε τις . . πειράτω διακέρσαι ἐμὸν ἔπος <span class="bibl">Il.8.8</span>; πειρήσω (δύναμαι) φηλητέων ὄρχαμος εἶναι <span class="bibl"><span class="title">h.Merc.</span> 175</span>; π. ἐς τὴν Μηδικὴν ἐσβάλλειν <span class="bibl">Hdt.6.84</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">V.</span>1025</span>, al. : folld. by <b class="b3">ὡς</b>... <span class="bibl">Il.4.66</span>, <span class="bibl">Od.2.316</span>, etc.; by <b class="b3">ὅπως</b>... <span class="bibl">4.545</span> : c. Adj. neut., πολλὰ πειρῶντες <span class="bibl">Th.6.38</span>; πάντα Plu. 2.1122b : with inf. understood, <span class="bibl">Th.7.32</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">II</span> c. gen. pers., <b class="b2">make trial of</b> one, <b class="b3">μή μευ πειράτω</b>, for the purpose of persuading, <span class="bibl">Il.9.345</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">24.433</span>; of things, τευχέων <span class="bibl">A.R.3.1249</span> : in hostile sense, <b class="b2">make an attempt on</b>, μήλων πειρήσοντα <span class="bibl">Il.12.301</span>, <span class="bibl">Od.6.134</span>; <b class="b3">οὐ πειρᾶν τῆς πόλιος, πρὶν</b> . . <span class="bibl">Hdt.6.82</span>; π. τοῦ χωρίου <span class="bibl">Th.1.61</span>; Νισαίας <span class="bibl">Id.4.70</span>; ἀλλήλων <span class="bibl">Id.7.38</span>; νυμφείας εὐνᾶς <span class="bibl">Pi.<span class="title">N.</span>5.30</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">III</span> abs., <b class="b3">ναυσὶ π</b>. <b class="b2">make an attempt</b> by sea, <span class="bibl">Th.4.25</span>; <b class="b3">π. ἐπὶ τὴν κώμην</b> ib.<span class="bibl">43</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">IV</span> c. acc. rei, <b class="b2">experience</b>, τύχης ἐπήρειαν <span class="bibl">Luc.<span class="title">Am.</span>46</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">2</span> c. acc. pers., <b class="b2">make an attempt on</b> a woman's honour, <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Eq.</span>517</span> (ubiv. Sch.), <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Pl.</span> 150</span>, <span class="bibl">1067</span>, <span class="bibl">Lys.1.12</span>, <span class="bibl">X. <span class="title">Cyr.</span>5.2.28</span>, etc. :—Pass., πειραθεὶς ὁ Ἁρμόδιος ὑπὸ Ἱππάρχου <span class="bibl">Th.6.54</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">Pl. <span class="title">Phdr.</span>227c</span> ; v. infr. B. IV, cf. πεῖρα 11. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">B</span> more freq. in Med., c. inf., <b class="b2">try to</b> do, <span class="bibl">Il.4.5</span>, <span class="bibl">Hdt.5.71</span>, <span class="bibl">6.138</span>, al., <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Pl.</span>459</span>, <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">Oec.</span>6.2</span>, <span class="bibl">Lys. 12.64</span>, <span class="bibl">Isoc.3.41</span>, <span class="bibl">Pl. <span class="title">Tht.</span> 186b</span> : c. fut. inf., <span class="bibl">J.<span class="title">AJ</span>17.8.4</span> : the inf. is sts. understood, <b class="b3">πειρήσεται</b> (sc. <b class="b3">ἀλύξαι</b>) <span class="bibl">Od.4.417</span> : folld. by <b class="b3">εἰ</b>, <span class="bibl">Il.13.806</span>, <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Phd.</span>95b</span>; πειρήσεται αἴ κε θέῃσιν <span class="bibl">Il.18.601</span>; by <b class="b3">ἐάν</b> or <b class="b3">ἄν</b>, <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Pr.</span>327</span>, <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Lg.</span>638e</span>; by <b class="b3">μὴ</b>... <b class="b2">lest</b>... <span class="bibl">Od.21.394</span>; by <b class="b3">ὅπως</b>... <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">An.</span>3.2.3</span> : c. part., freq. in Hdt., ἐπειρᾶτο ἐπιών <span class="bibl">1.77</span>; <b class="b3">προσβαίνων</b> ib.<span class="bibl">84</span>; π. βιώμενοι <span class="bibl">4.139</span>; π. ἀποσχίζων <span class="bibl">6.9</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">5</span>,<span class="bibl">50</span>, <span class="bibl">7.139</span>, al.; π. σκοπῶν <span class="bibl">Pl. <span class="title">Tht.</span> 190e</span>&lt;*&gt; c. neut. Adj., <b class="b3">τὰ μεγάλα καὶ τὰ μικρὰ π</b>. <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">Cyr.</span>1.5.14</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">II</span> most freq. (V.A. 11) c. gen., </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">1</span> c. gen. pers., <b class="b2">make trial of</b> one, <span class="bibl">Il.10.444</span>, <span class="bibl">Od.13.336</span>, etc.; <b class="b3">νῦν σεῦ, ξεῖνε, ὀΐω πειρήσεσθαι, εἰ</b> . . <span class="bibl">19.215</span>; ἕο αὐτοῦ ἐν ἔντεσι . . εἰ οἷ ἐφαρμόσσειε <span class="bibl">Il.19.384</span>; with gen. not expressed, ἔπεσιν πειρήσομαι <span class="bibl">2.73</span> ; <b class="b3">ἦ πρῶτ' ἐξερέοιτο ἕκαστά τε πειρήσαιτο</b> <b class="b2">test</b> him in each particular, <span class="bibl">Od.4.119</span> (v.l. [[μυθήσαιτο]]) <b class="b3"> ; π. θεοῦ</b> <b class="b2">make trial of, tempt</b> a god, <span class="bibl">Hdt.6.86</span>. <b class="b3">γ</b>, cf. <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Ag.</span> 1663</span> (troch.) : in hostile sense, πρὶν πειρήσαιτ' Ἀχιλῆος <span class="bibl">Il.21.580</span> (with acc. cogn. added ἀέθλους . . ἐπειρήσαντ' Ὀδυσῆος <span class="bibl">Od.8.23</span>) : freq. in Hdt., esp. <b class="b3">ἀλλήλων πειρᾶσθαι</b>, as ἐπειρῶντο κατὰ τὸ ἰσχυρὸν ἀλλήλων <span class="bibl">1.76</span>; πειρᾶσθέ μου γυναικὸς ὡς ἀφράσμονος <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Ag.</span> 1401</span>, etc.; <b class="b3">π. τῆς Πελοποννήσου</b> <b class="b2">make an attempt</b> on it, <span class="bibl">Hdt.8.100</span>; π. τοῦ τείχους <span class="bibl">Th.2.81</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">2</span> c. gen. rei, <b class="b2">make proof</b> or <b class="b2">trial of</b>... σθένεος <span class="bibl">Il. 15.359</span>; ἥβης <span class="bibl">23.432</span>; <b class="b3">χειρῶν καὶ σθένεος π., ἢ . . ἦ</b> . . <span class="bibl">Od. 21.282</span>; <b class="b2">try one's chance at</b> or <b class="b2">in</b> a work or contest, ἔργου <span class="bibl">18.369</span>; <b class="b3">ἀέθλου, ἀέθλων</b>, <span class="bibl">Il.23.707</span>, <span class="bibl">Od. 8.100</span>, etc.; <b class="b3">παλαιμοσύνης</b> ib. <span class="bibl">126</span>; <b class="b2">make proof of, try</b> a weapon, τόξου <span class="bibl">21.159</span>,<span class="bibl">180</span>; <b class="b3">νευρῆς</b> ib.<span class="bibl">410</span> (but [<b class="b3">ὀϊστοί,] τῶν τάχ' ἔμελλον πειρήσεσθαι</b> arrows whose force they were soon <b class="b2">to make trial of</b>, i. e.<b class="b2">feel</b>, ib. <span class="bibl">418</span>); also, <b class="b2">make proof of, have experience of</b>, esp. in pf. Pass., first in Hes., νηῶν <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Op.</span>660</span> ; οὐ πεπειρημένοι πρότερον [οἱ] Αἰγύπτιοι Ἑλλήνων <span class="bibl">Hdt.4.159</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Phd.</span>118</span>; <b class="b3">πειρασάμενος ἀγαθῶν, δουλείας</b>, <span class="bibl">Th.2.44</span>, <span class="bibl">5.69</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">Antipho 5.1</span>; κακῶν <span class="bibl">D.18.253</span>; <b class="b3">ὀρφανίας π</b>., i.e. to be an orphan, <span class="bibl">Phalar. <span class="title">Ep.</span>49</span>; but <b class="b3">π. τινὸς μετρίου</b> <b class="b2">find</b> him moderate <b class="b2">by experience</b> or <b class="b2">on trial</b>, <span class="bibl">Plu. <span class="title">Aem.</span>8</span>, cf. <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Arat.</span>43</span>; also, <b class="b3">πεπείρανται ὅτι</b> . . <span class="bibl">Lys.27.2</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">3</span> abs., <b class="b2">try one's fortune, try the chances of war</b>, αἴ κε θεὸς πειρώμενος ἐνθάδ' ἵκηται <span class="bibl">Il.5.129</span> ; <b class="b3">πειρώμενος ἢ ἐν ἀέθλῳ ἠὲ καὶ ἐν πολέμῳ</b> <b class="b2">making trial of one's powers</b>, <span class="bibl">16.590</span>; <b class="b3">Ἕκτορι πειρηθῆναι ἀντιβίην, ἢ . . ἦ</b> . . <b class="b2">to try one's fortune</b> against him, <span class="bibl">21.225</span>; <b class="b3">περὶ δ' αὐτῆς πειρηθήτω</b> (sc. <b class="b3">τῆς ἵππου</b>) <b class="b2">let</b> him <b class="b2">try</b> for her, as a prize, <span class="bibl">23.553</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">III</span> <b class="b2">make a trial</b> or <b class="b2">put</b> a matter <b class="b2">to the test</b>, ἐν σοὶ πειρώμεθα <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Phlb.</span>21a</span> : c. dat. modi, ἐγχείῃ πειρήσομαι <span class="bibl">Il.5.279</span>; <b class="b3">ἐπειρήσαντο πόδεσσι</b> <b class="b2">tried their luck</b> in the foot-race, <span class="bibl">Od.8.120</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">205</span>; σφαίρῃ <span class="bibl">8.377</span>; also <b class="b3">π. σὺν ἔντεσι, σὺν τεύχεσι π</b>., <span class="bibl">Il.5.220</span>, <span class="bibl">11.386</span> : but in pf., <b class="b3">οὐδέ τί πω μύθοισι πεπείρημαι</b> I <b class="b2">have</b> not <b class="b2">tried myself, have</b> not <b class="b2">found my skill</b>, in words, <span class="bibl">Od.3.23</span> : abs., ὁ πειραθεὶς πιστεύσει <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">Eq.Mag.</span>1.16</span> ; <b class="b3">πεπειραμένος σαφῶς οἶδα</b> <b class="b2">by experience</b>, <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Hier.</span>2.6</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">IV</span> c. acc. pers., <b class="b2">make an attempt on</b> (V.A.IV.<span class="bibl">2</span>), Διὸς ἄκοιτιν <span class="bibl">Pi.<span class="title">P.</span>2.34</span>.</span>
|Definition=<span class="bibl">Il.8.8</span>, etc. : impf. <span class="sense"><p>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">A</span> ἐπείρων <span class="bibl">Th.4.25</span> : fut. -<b class="b3">άσω [ᾱ]</b> ib.<span class="bibl">9</span>, <span class="bibl">43</span> : aor. ἐπείρᾱσα <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">OC</span>1276</span>, <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Eq.</span>517</span>, <span class="bibl">Th.6.54</span> : pf. πεπείρᾱκα <span class="bibl">Luc.<span class="title">Am.</span>26</span> :—Pass., aor. <b class="b3">ἐπειράθην [ᾱ]</b> <span class="bibl">Th.6.54</span>; cf. [[πειράζω]]. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">B</span> more freq. in Med. πειράομαι, <span class="bibl">Il.2.193</span>, <span class="bibl">24.390</span>, etc. : fut. -<b class="b3">άσομαι [ᾱ]</b> <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">OC</span>959</span>, etc.; Dor. 2pl. πειρασεῖσθε <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Ach.</span>743</span>, cf. Hippod. ap. Stob.4.1.94; later πειρᾱθήσομαι <span class="title">Gp.</span>12.13.12 : aor. <b class="b3">ἐπειρᾱσάμην</b>, Ion. <b class="b3">ἐπειρησάμην</b>, <span class="bibl">Od.8.120</span>, <span class="bibl">Hdt.7.135</span>, <span class="bibl">Th.2.44</span>,al.; but aor. Pass. <b class="b3">ἐπειρήθην</b>, Att. <b class="b3">ἐπειράθην [ᾱ]</b>, found in med. sense, <span class="bibl">Il.19.384</span>, al., <span class="bibl">Hdt.3.152</span>,al., <span class="bibl">Th.2.5</span> (v.l.), <span class="bibl">33</span>, <span class="bibl">6.92</span>, and in later Prose : pf. <b class="b3">πεπείρᾱμαι</b>, Ion. -ημαι, <span class="bibl">Od.3.23</span>, <span class="bibl">Pi.<span class="title">Fr.</span>110</span>, <span class="bibl">Hdt.9.46</span>, <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">Fr.</span>584</span>, <span class="bibl">Antipho 5.1</span>, etc. : 3pl. plpf. ἐπεπείραντο D.C.<span class="title">Fr.</span>24.3, Ion. ἐπεπειρέατο <span class="bibl">Hdt. 7.125</span>. (From <b class="b3">πεῖρα</b>.) </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">A</span> Act., <b class="b2">attempt, endeavour, try</b>, c. inf., μήτε τις . . πειράτω διακέρσαι ἐμὸν ἔπος <span class="bibl">Il.8.8</span>; πειρήσω (δύναμαι) φηλητέων ὄρχαμος εἶναι <span class="bibl"><span class="title">h.Merc.</span> 175</span>; π. ἐς τὴν Μηδικὴν ἐσβάλλειν <span class="bibl">Hdt.6.84</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">V.</span>1025</span>, al. : folld. by <b class="b3">ὡς</b>... <span class="bibl">Il.4.66</span>, <span class="bibl">Od.2.316</span>, etc.; by <b class="b3">ὅπως</b>... <span class="bibl">4.545</span> : c. Adj. neut., πολλὰ πειρῶντες <span class="bibl">Th.6.38</span>; πάντα Plu. 2.1122b : with inf. understood, <span class="bibl">Th.7.32</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">II</span> c. gen. pers., <b class="b2">make trial of</b> one, <b class="b3">μή μευ πειράτω</b>, for the purpose of persuading, <span class="bibl">Il.9.345</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">24.433</span>; of things, τευχέων <span class="bibl">A.R.3.1249</span> : in hostile sense, <b class="b2">make an attempt on</b>, μήλων πειρήσοντα <span class="bibl">Il.12.301</span>, <span class="bibl">Od.6.134</span>; <b class="b3">οὐ πειρᾶν τῆς πόλιος, πρὶν</b> . . <span class="bibl">Hdt.6.82</span>; π. τοῦ χωρίου <span class="bibl">Th.1.61</span>; Νισαίας <span class="bibl">Id.4.70</span>; ἀλλήλων <span class="bibl">Id.7.38</span>; νυμφείας εὐνᾶς <span class="bibl">Pi.<span class="title">N.</span>5.30</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">III</span> abs., <b class="b3">ναυσὶ π</b>. <b class="b2">make an attempt</b> by sea, <span class="bibl">Th.4.25</span>; <b class="b3">π. ἐπὶ τὴν κώμην</b> ib.<span class="bibl">43</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">IV</span> c. acc. rei, <b class="b2">experience</b>, τύχης ἐπήρειαν <span class="bibl">Luc.<span class="title">Am.</span>46</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">2</span> c. acc. pers., <b class="b2">make an attempt on</b> a woman's honour, <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Eq.</span>517</span> (ubiv. Sch.), <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Pl.</span> 150</span>, <span class="bibl">1067</span>, <span class="bibl">Lys.1.12</span>, <span class="bibl">X. <span class="title">Cyr.</span>5.2.28</span>, etc. :—Pass., πειραθεὶς ὁ Ἁρμόδιος ὑπὸ Ἱππάρχου <span class="bibl">Th.6.54</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">Pl. <span class="title">Phdr.</span>227c</span> ; v. infr. B. IV, cf. πεῖρα 11. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">B</span> more freq. in Med., c. inf., <b class="b2">try to</b> do, <span class="bibl">Il.4.5</span>, <span class="bibl">Hdt.5.71</span>, <span class="bibl">6.138</span>, al., <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Pl.</span>459</span>, <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">Oec.</span>6.2</span>, <span class="bibl">Lys. 12.64</span>, <span class="bibl">Isoc.3.41</span>, <span class="bibl">Pl. <span class="title">Tht.</span> 186b</span> : c. fut. inf., <span class="bibl">J.<span class="title">AJ</span>17.8.4</span> : the inf. is sts. understood, <b class="b3">πειρήσεται</b> (sc. <b class="b3">ἀλύξαι</b>) <span class="bibl">Od.4.417</span> : folld. by <b class="b3">εἰ</b>, <span class="bibl">Il.13.806</span>, <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Phd.</span>95b</span>; πειρήσεται αἴ κε θέῃσιν <span class="bibl">Il.18.601</span>; by <b class="b3">ἐάν</b> or <b class="b3">ἄν</b>, <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Pr.</span>327</span>, <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Lg.</span>638e</span>; by <b class="b3">μὴ</b>... <b class="b2">lest</b>... <span class="bibl">Od.21.394</span>; by <b class="b3">ὅπως</b>... <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">An.</span>3.2.3</span> : c. part., freq. in Hdt., ἐπειρᾶτο ἐπιών <span class="bibl">1.77</span>; <b class="b3">προσβαίνων</b> ib.<span class="bibl">84</span>; π. βιώμενοι <span class="bibl">4.139</span>; π. ἀποσχίζων <span class="bibl">6.9</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">5</span>,<span class="bibl">50</span>, <span class="bibl">7.139</span>, al.; π. σκοπῶν <span class="bibl">Pl. <span class="title">Tht.</span> 190e</span>&lt;*&gt; c. neut. Adj., <b class="b3">τὰ μεγάλα καὶ τὰ μικρὰ π</b>. <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">Cyr.</span>1.5.14</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">II</span> most freq. (V.A. 11) c. gen., </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">1</span> c. gen. pers., <b class="b2">make trial of</b> one, <span class="bibl">Il.10.444</span>, <span class="bibl">Od.13.336</span>, etc.; <b class="b3">νῦν σεῦ, ξεῖνε, ὀΐω πειρήσεσθαι, εἰ</b> . . <span class="bibl">19.215</span>; ἕο αὐτοῦ ἐν ἔντεσι . . εἰ οἷ ἐφαρμόσσειε <span class="bibl">Il.19.384</span>; with gen. not expressed, ἔπεσιν πειρήσομαι <span class="bibl">2.73</span> ; <b class="b3">ἦ πρῶτ' ἐξερέοιτο ἕκαστά τε πειρήσαιτο</b> <b class="b2">test</b> him in each particular, <span class="bibl">Od.4.119</span> (v.l. [[μυθήσαιτο]]) <b class="b3"> ; π. θεοῦ</b> <b class="b2">make trial of, tempt</b> a god, <span class="bibl">Hdt.6.86</span>. <b class="b3">γ</b>, cf. <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Ag.</span> 1663</span> (troch.) : in hostile sense, πρὶν πειρήσαιτ' Ἀχιλῆος <span class="bibl">Il.21.580</span> (with acc. cogn. added ἀέθλους . . ἐπειρήσαντ' Ὀδυσῆος <span class="bibl">Od.8.23</span>) : freq. in Hdt., esp. <b class="b3">ἀλλήλων πειρᾶσθαι</b>, as ἐπειρῶντο κατὰ τὸ ἰσχυρὸν ἀλλήλων <span class="bibl">1.76</span>; πειρᾶσθέ μου γυναικὸς ὡς ἀφράσμονος <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Ag.</span> 1401</span>, etc.; <b class="b3">π. τῆς Πελοποννήσου</b> <b class="b2">make an attempt</b> on it, <span class="bibl">Hdt.8.100</span>; π. τοῦ τείχους <span class="bibl">Th.2.81</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">2</span> c. gen. rei, <b class="b2">make proof</b> or <b class="b2">trial of</b>... σθένεος <span class="bibl">Il. 15.359</span>; ἥβης <span class="bibl">23.432</span>; <b class="b3">χειρῶν καὶ σθένεος π., ἢ . . ἦ</b> . . <span class="bibl">Od. 21.282</span>; <b class="b2">try one's chance at</b> or <b class="b2">in</b> a work or contest, ἔργου <span class="bibl">18.369</span>; <b class="b3">ἀέθλου, ἀέθλων</b>, <span class="bibl">Il.23.707</span>, <span class="bibl">Od. 8.100</span>, etc.; <b class="b3">παλαιμοσύνης</b> ib. <span class="bibl">126</span>; <b class="b2">make proof of, try</b> a weapon, τόξου <span class="bibl">21.159</span>,<span class="bibl">180</span>; <b class="b3">νευρῆς</b> ib.<span class="bibl">410</span> (but [<b class="b3">ὀϊστοί,] τῶν τάχ' ἔμελλον πειρήσεσθαι</b> arrows whose force they were soon <b class="b2">to make trial of</b>, i. e.<b class="b2">feel</b>, ib. <span class="bibl">418</span>); also, <b class="b2">make proof of, have experience of</b>, esp. in pf. Pass., first in Hes., νηῶν <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Op.</span>660</span> ; οὐ πεπειρημένοι πρότερον [οἱ] Αἰγύπτιοι Ἑλλήνων <span class="bibl">Hdt.4.159</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Phd.</span>118</span>; <b class="b3">πειρασάμενος ἀγαθῶν, δουλείας</b>, <span class="bibl">Th.2.44</span>, <span class="bibl">5.69</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">Antipho 5.1</span>; κακῶν <span class="bibl">D.18.253</span>; <b class="b3">ὀρφανίας π</b>., i.e. to be an orphan, <span class="bibl">Phalar. <span class="title">Ep.</span>49</span>; but <b class="b3">π. τινὸς μετρίου</b> <b class="b2">find</b> him moderate <b class="b2">by experience</b> or <b class="b2">on trial</b>, <span class="bibl">Plu. <span class="title">Aem.</span>8</span>, cf. <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Arat.</span>43</span>; also, <b class="b3">πεπείρανται ὅτι</b> . . <span class="bibl">Lys.27.2</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">3</span> abs., <b class="b2">try one's fortune, try the chances of war</b>, αἴ κε θεὸς πειρώμενος ἐνθάδ' ἵκηται <span class="bibl">Il.5.129</span> ; <b class="b3">πειρώμενος ἢ ἐν ἀέθλῳ ἠὲ καὶ ἐν πολέμῳ</b> <b class="b2">making trial of one's powers</b>, <span class="bibl">16.590</span>; <b class="b3">Ἕκτορι πειρηθῆναι ἀντιβίην, ἢ . . ἦ</b> . . <b class="b2">to try one's fortune</b> against him, <span class="bibl">21.225</span>; <b class="b3">περὶ δ' αὐτῆς πειρηθήτω</b> (sc. <b class="b3">τῆς ἵππου</b>) <b class="b2">let</b> him <b class="b2">try</b> for her, as a prize, <span class="bibl">23.553</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">III</span> <b class="b2">make a trial</b> or <b class="b2">put</b> a matter <b class="b2">to the test</b>, ἐν σοὶ πειρώμεθα <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Phlb.</span>21a</span> : c. dat. modi, ἐγχείῃ πειρήσομαι <span class="bibl">Il.5.279</span>; <b class="b3">ἐπειρήσαντο πόδεσσι</b> <b class="b2">tried their luck</b> in the foot-race, <span class="bibl">Od.8.120</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">205</span>; σφαίρῃ <span class="bibl">8.377</span>; also <b class="b3">π. σὺν ἔντεσι, σὺν τεύχεσι π</b>., <span class="bibl">Il.5.220</span>, <span class="bibl">11.386</span> : but in pf., <b class="b3">οὐδέ τί πω μύθοισι πεπείρημαι</b> I <b class="b2">have</b> not <b class="b2">tried myself, have</b> not <b class="b2">found my skill</b>, in words, <span class="bibl">Od.3.23</span> : abs., ὁ πειραθεὶς πιστεύσει <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">Eq.Mag.</span>1.16</span> ; <b class="b3">πεπειραμένος σαφῶς οἶδα</b> <b class="b2">by experience</b>, <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Hier.</span>2.6</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">IV</span> c. acc. pers., <b class="b2">make an attempt on</b> (V.A.IV.<span class="bibl">2</span>), Διὸς ἄκοιτιν <span class="bibl">Pi.<span class="title">P.</span>2.34</span>.</span>
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|ptext=[[https://www.translatum.gr/images/pape/pape-02-0546.png Seite 546]] 1) im act., <b class="b2">versuchen</b>, sich bemühen, unternehmen, streben; πειρήσω, ὥς κ' [[ὔμμι]] κακὰς ἐπὶ Κῆρας ἰήλω, Od. 2, 316; so mit ὡς vrbdn Il. 4, 66. 71. 9, 181. 21, 459; τάχιστα πείρα, [[ὅπως]] κεν δὴ σὴν πατρίδα γαῖαν [[ἵκηαι]], Od. 4, 545; – c. inf., τῷ μὲν ἐγὼ πειρήσω [[ἀλαλκεῖν]] μ υίας, Il. 19, 30, wie 8, 8; Soph. ὃν δὴ σὺ πειρᾷς ἐκβαλεῖν, O. R. 399, vgl. O. C. 1278; Ar. Equ. 515; Her. 6, 84; – c. gen., einen Versuch an Einem machen, ihn auf die Probe stellen, μή μευ πειράτω, Il. 9, 345, versuche mich nicht zu überreden, 24, 433; auch im feindlichen Sinne, es im Kampfe mit Einem aufnehmen, vom Löwen gesagt μήλων πειρήσοντα, Il. 12, 301 Od. 6, 134; ἐπείρα εὐνᾶς, Pind. N. 5, 30; eben so πόλιος πειρᾶν, sich an eine Stadt machen u. versuchen, ob man sie einnehmen kann, Her. 6, 82; χωρίου, einen Versuch, Angriff auf einen Platz machen, Thuc. 1, 61, vgl. 4, 70; τῶν τειχῶν πειρᾶν, 7, 12; auch ἐπὶ κώμην, einen Angriff machen auf, 4, 43; Eur. vrbdt auch εἰ Χάριτες πειρῶσί με, Cycl. 577. – Auch versuchen zu verführen, in Versuchung führen, setzen, κόρην, γυναῖκα πειρᾶν, zur Unzucht zu verführen suchen, Ar. Pax 747; vgl. Piers. Moeris p. 310; Ruhnk. zu Tim. p. 210; so τὴν παιδίσκην Lys. 1, 12; Xen. Cyr. 5, 2, 28; Pol. 10, 26, 3; auch pass., Ἁρμόδιος πειραθεὶς ὑπὸ Ἱππάρκου Thuc. 6, 54; γέγραφε πειρώμνόν τινα τῶν καλῶν, Plat. Phaedr. 227 c; – πειρᾶν τὴν θάλατταν, das Meer auf Seeräuberei versuchen, Seeräuberei betreiben, dafür führt Schneider Lys. 6, 19 an, wo jetzt ναυκληρίᾳ ἐπιθέμενος τὴν θάλατταν ἔπλει steht und man ἐπηλᾶτο vermuthet hat. – Sp. vrbdn es auch c. acc. der Sache, versuchen, πάντα πειρῶσι, Plut. adv. Col. 26. – 2) Häufiger im med., fut. πειράσομαι, dor. πειρασοῦμαι, Ar. Ach. 708, aor. ἐπειρασάμην, ion. u. ep. ἐπειρησάμην, u. bei Hom. häufig, in Prosa seltener, ἐπειράθην, ep. ἐπειρήθην, <b class="b2">versuchen</b>, einen Versuch, eine Probe machen, sich bemühen, sich versuchen; – a) absol., ἀλλ' ἄγ' ἐγὼν αὐτὸς πειρήσομαι ἠδὲ ἴδωμαι, Od. 6, 126, ich will selbst versuchen und sehen, nämlich ob Menschen in der Nähe sind, Il. 2, 193. 5, 129. 8, 18; τρὶς γὰρ τῇ γ' ἐλθόντες ἐπειρήσανθ' οἱ ἄριστοι, 6, 435; [[περί]] τινος, um Etwas sich bemühen, um einen Kampfpreis, περὶ αὐτῆς πειρηθήτω, 23, 553; εὖ δ' ἔξοισθα πειραθεῖσά που, Soph. El. 1236; u. in Prosa, πειρασόμεθα δὲ καὶ ἐροῦμεν, Plat. Phil. 13 c. – b) c. inf., ἐπειρᾶτο [[Κρονίδης]] ἐρεθιζέμεν Ἥρην, Il. 4, 5; πειρασόμεσθα πῆμ' ἀποστρέψαι νόσου, Aesch. Ag. 824. 1622; ἀντιδρᾶν πειράσομαι, Soph. O. C. 963, öfter; πειρῶ ἀνορθοῦν σῶμ' ἐμόν, Eur. Bacch. 364, öfter; Her. 6, 138. 8, 100. 108. 9, 33; πειραθέντες καταλαβεῖν, Thuc. 2, 5; πειρῶμαι καὶ τοὺς ἄλλους πείθειν, Plat. Conv. 212 b; Phaedr. 272 c u, oft; πειράσομαι ἐπιδεῖξαι Lys. 25, 7, u. sonst; selten in dieser Vrbdg der aor. med., wie Thuc. 4, 60; – auch das partic. steht, νέοι θάλποντες ἐπειρῶντο, Od. 21, 184, vgl. 4, 417, wo das partic. nur die Art, das Mittel des Versuchs andeutet; ἐπειρᾶτο ἐπιών, Her. 1, 77, vgl. 84; ἵνα μὴ πειρῴατο βιώμενοι, damit sie nicht Gewalt versuchten, 4, 139; so auch Plat. Theaet. 190 e; πειρασόμεθα ἐλέγχοντες, Antiph. 2 γ 1. – c) mit folgdm indirectem Fragesatz, ὡς ὅτε τις τροχὸν κεραμεὺς πειρήσεται, αἴ κε θέῃσιν, Il. 18, 601; πειράσομαι, ἐὰν δύνωμαι τῶνδε σ' ἐκλῦσαι πόνων, Aesch. Prom. 325; u. oft in Prosa, πειρώμεθα, εἰ ἄρα τι λέγεις, Plat. Phaed. 95 b, Folgde; πειρᾷ μου, εἰ μέμηνα, Luc. D. D. 8, 1. – d) am häufigsten c. gen. (dann gew. aor. med.), Einen <b class="b2">auf die Probe stellen</b>, um zu sehen, was man von ihm zu halten hat, ihn <b class="b2">ausforschen</b>, ausfragen, um seine Zuverlässigkeit, Wahrhaftigkeit u. dgl. zu erproben; πειρᾷ [[ἐμεῖο]], γεραιέ, Il. 24, 390. 433; πόσιος, Od. 23, 181; ἀλόχου, 13, 336; Τρώων, Il. 19, 70. 20, 352, im Kampfe; Φαίηκες ἐπειρήσαντ' Ὀδυσῆος, Od. 8, 23, u. sonst; Tragg.; πειρᾶσθέ μου γυναικὸς ὡς ἀφράσμονος, Aesch. Ag. 1374; δαίμονος, 1648; Ch. 506; so auch Her. πειρώμεθα τῆς Πελοποννήσο υ, wie im act., ἐπειρώατο κατὰ τὸ ἰσχυρὸν [[ἀλλήλων]], 1, 76, wie πειρήσεσθαι ἔμελλον [[ἀλλήλων]], 2, 163; τί δεῖ ἡμᾶς πειρηθῆναι [[ἀλλήλων]]; 4, 80 u. öfter, sich mit einander versuchen; πεπειραμένος Ἐράστου πλέονα ἢ σύ, da ich ihn besser kenne, als du, Plat. Ep. VI, 323 a, u. A.; oft bei sp. D., wie Ap. Rh. 3, 179. 185, [[ἀλλήλων]] ἀγανοῖς ἔπεσσι πείρηθεν, 3, 1147; – aber auch c. gen. der Sache, seine Kraft versuchen, erproben, um zu erfahren, was man selbst vermag, σθένεος, Il. 15, 359, χειρῶν καὶ σθένεος, Od. 21, 282, ἥβης, Il. 23, 432; – ἔργου, sich an einer Arbeit veruchen, Od. 18, 369, ἀέθλο υ, in einer Kampfübung sein Glück versuchen, Il. 23, 707. 753. 831 Od. 8, 100; παλαισμοσύνης, 8, 126; τόξου, νευρῆς, den Bogen, die Sehne versuchen, ob sie gut im ἔμελλον πειρήσεσθαι, Geschosse, die sie bald versuchen sollten, d. i. deren tödtliche Gewalt sie bald aus eigener Erfahrung kennen lernen sollten; ähnl. Hes. πειρηθῆναι ἔγχεος, Sc. 359, [[νηῶν]], O. 662; πειρᾶτο μάχας, Pind. N. 1, 43, ἄθλων, 9, 23, auch γνώμας, P. 4, 84; πειρωμένη τῶνδε τῶν ἔργων, Soph. El. 460; auch εἰ γῆς μὴ πεπείρασαι ξένης, frg. 516, von Einem, der noch nicht in der Fremde gewesen ist; κακῶν ἐλασσόνων πειρώμεναι πόλεις, Eur. Phoen. 1025; τῆς δίκης, 493; πειραθέντες παντοίας Μούσης, Ar. Equ. 504; οὐ πεπειρημένοι πρότερον οἱ Αἰγύπτιοι Ἑλλήνων, Her. 4, 159; τῶν τειχῶν, Thuc. 2, 81, wie im act.; auch τῆς δουλείας πειρασάμενος, 5, 69; πείρασαι τοῦ ἐλέγχου οἷον ἐγὼ [[οἶμαι]] [[δεῖν]] εἶναι, Plat. Gorg. 474 a; πολλῶν κακῶν πεπειραμένοι, Lys. 5, 3; Folgende; πειραθῆναι τοῦ πράγματος, Pol. 1, 20, 12, wie ὧν ἐπειράθημεν Plat. Phaed. a. E.; ἁπάσης ὁδοῦ πεπειραμένος, Luc. Hermot. 46. – e) auch mit dem dat. der Sache, worin, womit man sich versucht, ἐγὼν ἔπεσιν πειρήσομαι, ich will einen Versuch machen mit Worten, Il. 2, 73, ἐγχείῃ, 5, 279, ποσί, sich mit den Füßen versuchen, d. i. an Schnelligkeit der Füße wetteifern, Od. 8, 120. 205; auch ἐν ἔντεσι, σὺν τεύχεσι πειρηθῆναι, sich in der Waffenrüstung versuchen, in Waffen sein Glück versuchen, Il. 5, 220. 11, 386. 19, 384. 22, 381. – f) seltener c. acc., ἢ πρῶτ' ἐξερέοιτο ἕκαστά τε πειρήσαιτο, Od. 4, 119. 24, 238, ob er Jegliches ausforschte, wo einige alte Erklärer μυθήσαιτο lesen wollten. – Ganz wie mit dem gen. vrbdt Pind. Διὸς ἄκοιτιν ἐπειρᾶτο, P. 2, 34. – Sp. πειρᾶσθαί τι, Etwas versuchen, unternehmen, sich an Etwas machen.
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Full diacritics: πειράω Medium diacritics: πειράω Low diacritics: πειράω Capitals: ΠΕΙΡΑΩ
Transliteration A: peiráō Transliteration B: peiraō Transliteration C: peirao Beta Code: peira/w

English (LSJ)

Il.8.8, etc. : impf.

   A ἐπείρων Th.4.25 : fut. -άσω [ᾱ] ib.9, 43 : aor. ἐπείρᾱσα S.OC1276, Ar.Eq.517, Th.6.54 : pf. πεπείρᾱκα Luc.Am.26 :—Pass., aor. ἐπειράθην [ᾱ] Th.6.54; cf. πειράζω.    B more freq. in Med. πειράομαι, Il.2.193, 24.390, etc. : fut. -άσομαι [ᾱ] S.OC959, etc.; Dor. 2pl. πειρασεῖσθε Ar.Ach.743, cf. Hippod. ap. Stob.4.1.94; later πειρᾱθήσομαι Gp.12.13.12 : aor. ἐπειρᾱσάμην, Ion. ἐπειρησάμην, Od.8.120, Hdt.7.135, Th.2.44,al.; but aor. Pass. ἐπειρήθην, Att. ἐπειράθην [ᾱ], found in med. sense, Il.19.384, al., Hdt.3.152,al., Th.2.5 (v.l.), 33, 6.92, and in later Prose : pf. πεπείρᾱμαι, Ion. -ημαι, Od.3.23, Pi.Fr.110, Hdt.9.46, S.Fr.584, Antipho 5.1, etc. : 3pl. plpf. ἐπεπείραντο D.C.Fr.24.3, Ion. ἐπεπειρέατο Hdt. 7.125. (From πεῖρα.)    A Act., attempt, endeavour, try, c. inf., μήτε τις . . πειράτω διακέρσαι ἐμὸν ἔπος Il.8.8; πειρήσω (δύναμαι) φηλητέων ὄρχαμος εἶναι h.Merc. 175; π. ἐς τὴν Μηδικὴν ἐσβάλλειν Hdt.6.84, cf. Ar.V.1025, al. : folld. by ὡς... Il.4.66, Od.2.316, etc.; by ὅπως... 4.545 : c. Adj. neut., πολλὰ πειρῶντες Th.6.38; πάντα Plu. 2.1122b : with inf. understood, Th.7.32.    II c. gen. pers., make trial of one, μή μευ πειράτω, for the purpose of persuading, Il.9.345, cf. 24.433; of things, τευχέων A.R.3.1249 : in hostile sense, make an attempt on, μήλων πειρήσοντα Il.12.301, Od.6.134; οὐ πειρᾶν τῆς πόλιος, πρὶν . . Hdt.6.82; π. τοῦ χωρίου Th.1.61; Νισαίας Id.4.70; ἀλλήλων Id.7.38; νυμφείας εὐνᾶς Pi.N.5.30.    III abs., ναυσὶ π. make an attempt by sea, Th.4.25; π. ἐπὶ τὴν κώμην ib.43.    IV c. acc. rei, experience, τύχης ἐπήρειαν Luc.Am.46.    2 c. acc. pers., make an attempt on a woman's honour, Ar.Eq.517 (ubiv. Sch.), Pl. 150, 1067, Lys.1.12, X. Cyr.5.2.28, etc. :—Pass., πειραθεὶς ὁ Ἁρμόδιος ὑπὸ Ἱππάρχου Th.6.54, cf. Pl. Phdr.227c ; v. infr. B. IV, cf. πεῖρα 11.    B more freq. in Med., c. inf., try to do, Il.4.5, Hdt.5.71, 6.138, al., Ar.Pl.459, X.Oec.6.2, Lys. 12.64, Isoc.3.41, Pl. Tht. 186b : c. fut. inf., J.AJ17.8.4 : the inf. is sts. understood, πειρήσεται (sc. ἀλύξαι) Od.4.417 : folld. by εἰ, Il.13.806, Pl.Phd.95b; πειρήσεται αἴ κε θέῃσιν Il.18.601; by ἐάν or ἄν, A.Pr.327, Pl.Lg.638e; by μὴ... lest... Od.21.394; by ὅπως... X.An.3.2.3 : c. part., freq. in Hdt., ἐπειρᾶτο ἐπιών 1.77; προσβαίνων ib.84; π. βιώμενοι 4.139; π. ἀποσχίζων 6.9, cf. 5,50, 7.139, al.; π. σκοπῶν Pl. Tht. 190e<*> c. neut. Adj., τὰ μεγάλα καὶ τὰ μικρὰ π. X.Cyr.1.5.14.    II most freq. (V.A. 11) c. gen.,    1 c. gen. pers., make trial of one, Il.10.444, Od.13.336, etc.; νῦν σεῦ, ξεῖνε, ὀΐω πειρήσεσθαι, εἰ . . 19.215; ἕο αὐτοῦ ἐν ἔντεσι . . εἰ οἷ ἐφαρμόσσειε Il.19.384; with gen. not expressed, ἔπεσιν πειρήσομαι 2.73 ; ἦ πρῶτ' ἐξερέοιτο ἕκαστά τε πειρήσαιτο test him in each particular, Od.4.119 (v.l. μυθήσαιτο) ; π. θεοῦ make trial of, tempt a god, Hdt.6.86. γ, cf. A.Ag. 1663 (troch.) : in hostile sense, πρὶν πειρήσαιτ' Ἀχιλῆος Il.21.580 (with acc. cogn. added ἀέθλους . . ἐπειρήσαντ' Ὀδυσῆος Od.8.23) : freq. in Hdt., esp. ἀλλήλων πειρᾶσθαι, as ἐπειρῶντο κατὰ τὸ ἰσχυρὸν ἀλλήλων 1.76; πειρᾶσθέ μου γυναικὸς ὡς ἀφράσμονος A.Ag. 1401, etc.; π. τῆς Πελοποννήσου make an attempt on it, Hdt.8.100; π. τοῦ τείχους Th.2.81.    2 c. gen. rei, make proof or trial of... σθένεος Il. 15.359; ἥβης 23.432; χειρῶν καὶ σθένεος π., ἢ . . ἦ . . Od. 21.282; try one's chance at or in a work or contest, ἔργου 18.369; ἀέθλου, ἀέθλων, Il.23.707, Od. 8.100, etc.; παλαιμοσύνης ib. 126; make proof of, try a weapon, τόξου 21.159,180; νευρῆς ib.410 (but [ὀϊστοί,] τῶν τάχ' ἔμελλον πειρήσεσθαι arrows whose force they were soon to make trial of, i. e.feel, ib. 418); also, make proof of, have experience of, esp. in pf. Pass., first in Hes., νηῶν Op.660 ; οὐ πεπειρημένοι πρότερον [οἱ] Αἰγύπτιοι Ἑλλήνων Hdt.4.159, cf. Pl.Phd.118; πειρασάμενος ἀγαθῶν, δουλείας, Th.2.44, 5.69, cf. Antipho 5.1; κακῶν D.18.253; ὀρφανίας π., i.e. to be an orphan, Phalar. Ep.49; but π. τινὸς μετρίου find him moderate by experience or on trial, Plu. Aem.8, cf. Arat.43; also, πεπείρανται ὅτι . . Lys.27.2.    3 abs., try one's fortune, try the chances of war, αἴ κε θεὸς πειρώμενος ἐνθάδ' ἵκηται Il.5.129 ; πειρώμενος ἢ ἐν ἀέθλῳ ἠὲ καὶ ἐν πολέμῳ making trial of one's powers, 16.590; Ἕκτορι πειρηθῆναι ἀντιβίην, ἢ . . ἦ . . to try one's fortune against him, 21.225; περὶ δ' αὐτῆς πειρηθήτω (sc. τῆς ἵππου) let him try for her, as a prize, 23.553.    III make a trial or put a matter to the test, ἐν σοὶ πειρώμεθα Pl.Phlb.21a : c. dat. modi, ἐγχείῃ πειρήσομαι Il.5.279; ἐπειρήσαντο πόδεσσι tried their luck in the foot-race, Od.8.120, cf. 205; σφαίρῃ 8.377; also π. σὺν ἔντεσι, σὺν τεύχεσι π., Il.5.220, 11.386 : but in pf., οὐδέ τί πω μύθοισι πεπείρημαι I have not tried myself, have not found my skill, in words, Od.3.23 : abs., ὁ πειραθεὶς πιστεύσει X.Eq.Mag.1.16 ; πεπειραμένος σαφῶς οἶδα by experience, Id.Hier.2.6.    IV c. acc. pers., make an attempt on (V.A.IV.2), Διὸς ἄκοιτιν Pi.P.2.34.

German (Pape)

[Seite 546] 1) im act., versuchen, sich bemühen, unternehmen, streben; πειρήσω, ὥς κ' ὔμμι κακὰς ἐπὶ Κῆρας ἰήλω, Od. 2, 316; so mit ὡς vrbdn Il. 4, 66. 71. 9, 181. 21, 459; τάχιστα πείρα, ὅπως κεν δὴ σὴν πατρίδα γαῖαν ἵκηαι, Od. 4, 545; – c. inf., τῷ μὲν ἐγὼ πειρήσω ἀλαλκεῖν μ υίας, Il. 19, 30, wie 8, 8; Soph. ὃν δὴ σὺ πειρᾷς ἐκβαλεῖν, O. R. 399, vgl. O. C. 1278; Ar. Equ. 515; Her. 6, 84; – c. gen., einen Versuch an Einem machen, ihn auf die Probe stellen, μή μευ πειράτω, Il. 9, 345, versuche mich nicht zu überreden, 24, 433; auch im feindlichen Sinne, es im Kampfe mit Einem aufnehmen, vom Löwen gesagt μήλων πειρήσοντα, Il. 12, 301 Od. 6, 134; ἐπείρα εὐνᾶς, Pind. N. 5, 30; eben so πόλιος πειρᾶν, sich an eine Stadt machen u. versuchen, ob man sie einnehmen kann, Her. 6, 82; χωρίου, einen Versuch, Angriff auf einen Platz machen, Thuc. 1, 61, vgl. 4, 70; τῶν τειχῶν πειρᾶν, 7, 12; auch ἐπὶ κώμην, einen Angriff machen auf, 4, 43; Eur. vrbdt auch εἰ Χάριτες πειρῶσί με, Cycl. 577. – Auch versuchen zu verführen, in Versuchung führen, setzen, κόρην, γυναῖκα πειρᾶν, zur Unzucht zu verführen suchen, Ar. Pax 747; vgl. Piers. Moeris p. 310; Ruhnk. zu Tim. p. 210; so τὴν παιδίσκην Lys. 1, 12; Xen. Cyr. 5, 2, 28; Pol. 10, 26, 3; auch pass., Ἁρμόδιος πειραθεὶς ὑπὸ Ἱππάρκου Thuc. 6, 54; γέγραφε πειρώμνόν τινα τῶν καλῶν, Plat. Phaedr. 227 c; – πειρᾶν τὴν θάλατταν, das Meer auf Seeräuberei versuchen, Seeräuberei betreiben, dafür führt Schneider Lys. 6, 19 an, wo jetzt ναυκληρίᾳ ἐπιθέμενος τὴν θάλατταν ἔπλει steht und man ἐπηλᾶτο vermuthet hat. – Sp. vrbdn es auch c. acc. der Sache, versuchen, πάντα πειρῶσι, Plut. adv. Col. 26. – 2) Häufiger im med., fut. πειράσομαι, dor. πειρασοῦμαι, Ar. Ach. 708, aor. ἐπειρασάμην, ion. u. ep. ἐπειρησάμην, u. bei Hom. häufig, in Prosa seltener, ἐπειράθην, ep. ἐπειρήθην, versuchen, einen Versuch, eine Probe machen, sich bemühen, sich versuchen; – a) absol., ἀλλ' ἄγ' ἐγὼν αὐτὸς πειρήσομαι ἠδὲ ἴδωμαι, Od. 6, 126, ich will selbst versuchen und sehen, nämlich ob Menschen in der Nähe sind, Il. 2, 193. 5, 129. 8, 18; τρὶς γὰρ τῇ γ' ἐλθόντες ἐπειρήσανθ' οἱ ἄριστοι, 6, 435; περί τινος, um Etwas sich bemühen, um einen Kampfpreis, περὶ αὐτῆς πειρηθήτω, 23, 553; εὖ δ' ἔξοισθα πειραθεῖσά που, Soph. El. 1236; u. in Prosa, πειρασόμεθα δὲ καὶ ἐροῦμεν, Plat. Phil. 13 c. – b) c. inf., ἐπειρᾶτο Κρονίδης ἐρεθιζέμεν Ἥρην, Il. 4, 5; πειρασόμεσθα πῆμ' ἀποστρέψαι νόσου, Aesch. Ag. 824. 1622; ἀντιδρᾶν πειράσομαι, Soph. O. C. 963, öfter; πειρῶ ἀνορθοῦν σῶμ' ἐμόν, Eur. Bacch. 364, öfter; Her. 6, 138. 8, 100. 108. 9, 33; πειραθέντες καταλαβεῖν, Thuc. 2, 5; πειρῶμαι καὶ τοὺς ἄλλους πείθειν, Plat. Conv. 212 b; Phaedr. 272 c u, oft; πειράσομαι ἐπιδεῖξαι Lys. 25, 7, u. sonst; selten in dieser Vrbdg der aor. med., wie Thuc. 4, 60; – auch das partic. steht, νέοι θάλποντες ἐπειρῶντο, Od. 21, 184, vgl. 4, 417, wo das partic. nur die Art, das Mittel des Versuchs andeutet; ἐπειρᾶτο ἐπιών, Her. 1, 77, vgl. 84; ἵνα μὴ πειρῴατο βιώμενοι, damit sie nicht Gewalt versuchten, 4, 139; so auch Plat. Theaet. 190 e; πειρασόμεθα ἐλέγχοντες, Antiph. 2 γ 1. – c) mit folgdm indirectem Fragesatz, ὡς ὅτε τις τροχὸν κεραμεὺς πειρήσεται, αἴ κε θέῃσιν, Il. 18, 601; πειράσομαι, ἐὰν δύνωμαι τῶνδε σ' ἐκλῦσαι πόνων, Aesch. Prom. 325; u. oft in Prosa, πειρώμεθα, εἰ ἄρα τι λέγεις, Plat. Phaed. 95 b, Folgde; πειρᾷ μου, εἰ μέμηνα, Luc. D. D. 8, 1. – d) am häufigsten c. gen. (dann gew. aor. med.), Einen auf die Probe stellen, um zu sehen, was man von ihm zu halten hat, ihn ausforschen, ausfragen, um seine Zuverlässigkeit, Wahrhaftigkeit u. dgl. zu erproben; πειρᾷ ἐμεῖο, γεραιέ, Il. 24, 390. 433; πόσιος, Od. 23, 181; ἀλόχου, 13, 336; Τρώων, Il. 19, 70. 20, 352, im Kampfe; Φαίηκες ἐπειρήσαντ' Ὀδυσῆος, Od. 8, 23, u. sonst; Tragg.; πειρᾶσθέ μου γυναικὸς ὡς ἀφράσμονος, Aesch. Ag. 1374; δαίμονος, 1648; Ch. 506; so auch Her. πειρώμεθα τῆς Πελοποννήσο υ, wie im act., ἐπειρώατο κατὰ τὸ ἰσχυρὸν ἀλλήλων, 1, 76, wie πειρήσεσθαι ἔμελλον ἀλλήλων, 2, 163; τί δεῖ ἡμᾶς πειρηθῆναι ἀλλήλων; 4, 80 u. öfter, sich mit einander versuchen; πεπειραμένος Ἐράστου πλέονα ἢ σύ, da ich ihn besser kenne, als du, Plat. Ep. VI, 323 a, u. A.; oft bei sp. D., wie Ap. Rh. 3, 179. 185, ἀλλήλων ἀγανοῖς ἔπεσσι πείρηθεν, 3, 1147; – aber auch c. gen. der Sache, seine Kraft versuchen, erproben, um zu erfahren, was man selbst vermag, σθένεος, Il. 15, 359, χειρῶν καὶ σθένεος, Od. 21, 282, ἥβης, Il. 23, 432; – ἔργου, sich an einer Arbeit veruchen, Od. 18, 369, ἀέθλο υ, in einer Kampfübung sein Glück versuchen, Il. 23, 707. 753. 831 Od. 8, 100; παλαισμοσύνης, 8, 126; τόξου, νευρῆς, den Bogen, die Sehne versuchen, ob sie gut im ἔμελλον πειρήσεσθαι, Geschosse, die sie bald versuchen sollten, d. i. deren tödtliche Gewalt sie bald aus eigener Erfahrung kennen lernen sollten; ähnl. Hes. πειρηθῆναι ἔγχεος, Sc. 359, νηῶν, O. 662; πειρᾶτο μάχας, Pind. N. 1, 43, ἄθλων, 9, 23, auch γνώμας, P. 4, 84; πειρωμένη τῶνδε τῶν ἔργων, Soph. El. 460; auch εἰ γῆς μὴ πεπείρασαι ξένης, frg. 516, von Einem, der noch nicht in der Fremde gewesen ist; κακῶν ἐλασσόνων πειρώμεναι πόλεις, Eur. Phoen. 1025; τῆς δίκης, 493; πειραθέντες παντοίας Μούσης, Ar. Equ. 504; οὐ πεπειρημένοι πρότερον οἱ Αἰγύπτιοι Ἑλλήνων, Her. 4, 159; τῶν τειχῶν, Thuc. 2, 81, wie im act.; auch τῆς δουλείας πειρασάμενος, 5, 69; πείρασαι τοῦ ἐλέγχου οἷον ἐγὼ οἶμαι δεῖν εἶναι, Plat. Gorg. 474 a; πολλῶν κακῶν πεπειραμένοι, Lys. 5, 3; Folgende; πειραθῆναι τοῦ πράγματος, Pol. 1, 20, 12, wie ὧν ἐπειράθημεν Plat. Phaed. a. E.; ἁπάσης ὁδοῦ πεπειραμένος, Luc. Hermot. 46. – e) auch mit dem dat. der Sache, worin, womit man sich versucht, ἐγὼν ἔπεσιν πειρήσομαι, ich will einen Versuch machen mit Worten, Il. 2, 73, ἐγχείῃ, 5, 279, ποσί, sich mit den Füßen versuchen, d. i. an Schnelligkeit der Füße wetteifern, Od. 8, 120. 205; auch ἐν ἔντεσι, σὺν τεύχεσι πειρηθῆναι, sich in der Waffenrüstung versuchen, in Waffen sein Glück versuchen, Il. 5, 220. 11, 386. 19, 384. 22, 381. – f) seltener c. acc., ἢ πρῶτ' ἐξερέοιτο ἕκαστά τε πειρήσαιτο, Od. 4, 119. 24, 238, ob er Jegliches ausforschte, wo einige alte Erklärer μυθήσαιτο lesen wollten. – Ganz wie mit dem gen. vrbdt Pind. Διὸς ἄκοιτιν ἐπειρᾶτο, P. 2, 34. – Sp. πειρᾶσθαί τι, Etwas versuchen, unternehmen, sich an Etwas machen.