πλῆθος: Difference between revisions
Εὐφήμει, ὦ ἄνθρωπε· ἁσμενέστατα μέντοι αὐτὸ ἀπέφυγον, ὥσπερ λυττῶντά τινα καὶ ἄγριον δεσπότην ἀποδράς → Hush, man, most gladly have I escaped this thing you talk of, as if I had run away from a raging and savage beast of a master
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|Definition=εος, τό, Dor. and Arc. πλῆθος <span class="title">Schwyzer</span> 84.8, al. (Argive, found in Crete, v B.C.), <span class="title">IG</span>5(2).6.20 (Tegea, iv B.C.), etc.; Boeot. πλεῖθος ib.7.3171.46 (Orchom. Boeot.); pseudo-Dor. and pseudo-Aeol. πλᾶθος <span class="title">GDI</span>5176.21 (Crete), <span class="title">IGRom.</span>4.1302.18 (Cyme, i B.C./ i A.D.), Hippod. ap. Stob.4.1.93: (<b class="b3">πλήθω</b>, <span class="sense"><p> <span class="bld">A</span> v. [[πίμπλημι]]):—<b class="b2">great number, multitude</b>, esp. of people, <span class="bibl">Il.17.330</span>, <span class="bibl">Hdt.7.49</span>, etc.; <b class="b3">στρατοῦ π</b>., periphr. for <b class="b3">στρατὸς πολύς</b>, <span class="bibl">Id.9.73</span>; <b class="b3">ὡς πλήθει</b> for the <b class="b2">mass</b> of men, <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">R.</span>389d</span>. </span><span class="sense"> <span class="bld">2</span> <b class="b3">τὸ π</b>. the <b class="b2">greater number</b>, the <b class="b2">mass, main body</b>, τὸ π. τοῦ στρατοῦ <span class="bibl">Hdt.1.82</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">5.92</span>; <b class="b3">τὸ π. τῆς ψυχῆς</b> the <b class="b2">largest part</b> of... <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Lg.</span>689a</span>: as Noun of Multitude with pl. Verb, Ἀθηναίων τὸ π. οἴονται <span class="bibl">Th.1.20</span>; <b class="b3">τὸ π. ἐψηφίσαντο πολεμεῖν</b> <b class="b2">the majority</b>, ib.<span class="bibl">125</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">Cyr.</span>2.4.20</span>; <b class="b3">τῷ π</b>. by <b class="b2">a majority</b>, Berl.Sitzb.1927.8 (Locr., v B.C.): hence, <b class="b2">people, population</b>, σμικρὸν τὸ π. τῆσδε γῆς <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Ph.</span>715</span>. </span><span class="sense"> <span class="bld">b</span> <b class="b2">the commons</b>, Th. <span class="bibl">1.9</span>, etc.; ἡ τοῦ π. ἀρχή, δημοκρατία τοὔνομα κληθεῖσα <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Plt.</span>291d</span>; ἐς τὸ π. φέρειν τὸ κράτος <span class="bibl">Hdt.3.81</span>: freq. of the popular <b class="b2">assembly</b>, <b class="b3">τὸ ὑμέτερον π., τὸ π. τὸ ὑμέτερον</b>, <span class="bibl">Lys.12.42</span>, <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Ap.</span>31c</span>; <b class="b3">Ἐρυθραίων τῷ π., Ἀθηναίων τοῦ π</b>., <span class="title">IG</span>12.10.21, 22; = Lat. <b class="b2">plebs</b>, <span class="bibl">Plb.6.15.11</span>, <span class="bibl">D.S.12.25</span>, <span class="bibl">D.H.4.71</span>; also, <b class="b2">association, corporation</b>, or <b class="b2">guild</b>, τὸ π. τὸ Ἁλιαδᾶν <span class="title">IG</span> 12(1).155.6, 156.5 (Rhodes); τὸ τῶν Πανιαστῶν π. <span class="title">IGRom.</span>4.1680(Pergam.); τὸ π. τῶν ἱερέων <span class="title">OGI</span>56.24 (Canopus, iii B.C.); π. τῶν ἁλιέων <span class="bibl"><span class="title">PSI</span>5.498.2</span> (iii B.C.); τὸ π. τῶν μαχαιροφόρων <span class="title">OGI</span>737 (Memphis, ii B.C.); opp. <b class="b3">αἱ ἀρχαί, οἱ ὀλίγοι</b>, <span class="bibl">Th.5.84</span>; but also, <b class="b2">populace, mob</b>, opp. <b class="b3">δῆμος</b> (commons), <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">Ath.</span>2.18</span>, <span class="bibl">App.<span class="title">BC</span>1.10</span>: also in pl., <b class="b3">πείθειν τὰ π</b>. the <b class="b2">masses</b>, <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Grg.</span>452e</span>, cf. <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Sph.</span>268b</span>; ὃ πᾶσι . . σωτήριον, μάλιστα δὲ τοῖς π. πρὸς τοὺς τυράννους <span class="bibl">D.6.24</span>; φιλόσοφον . . π. ἀδύνατον εἶναι <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">R.</span>494a</span>. </span><span class="sense"> <span class="bld">II</span> <b class="b2">quantity</b> or <b class="b2">number</b>, πόσον π. ἦν νεῶν Ἑλληνίδων; <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Pers.</span>334</span>; τῆς σῆς δυνάμεως τί φῂς π. εἶναι; <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">Cyr.</span>2.1.6</span>; ὅμιλος πλήθει φοβερώτατος <span class="bibl">Th.2.98</span>; ἰσχύϊ καὶ πλήθει προέχων <span class="bibl">Id.3.74</span>; τῷ π. αὐτῶν καταπλαγέντες <span class="bibl">Id.4.10</span>; πλήθεϊ πολλοί <span class="bibl">Hdt.3.11</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">6.44</span>; σὺν πλήθει χερῶν <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">OT</span>123</span>; πλήθει παρόντες <b class="b2">in force</b>, <span class="bibl">Th.8.22</span>: abs. in acc., κόσοι πλῆθος <span class="bibl">Hdt.1.153</span>; πόσοι τὸ π.; <span class="bibl">Diph.17.1</span>; ἐρέται . . π. ἀνάριθμοι <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Pers.</span>40</span> (anap.); π. ὡς δισχίλιοι <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">An.</span>4.2.2</span>; ἄπειρα τὸ π. <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Mem.</span>1.1.14</span>; ἄπειρα καὶ π. καὶ σμικρότητα Anaxag.1; π. τι πάμπολυ φθειρῶν <span class="title">IG</span>42(1).122.45, cf. 32 (Epid., iv B.C.). </span><span class="sense"> <span class="bld">III</span> <b class="b2">magnitude, size</b>, or <b class="b2">extent</b>, [ὄρος] πλήθεϊ μέγιστον καὶ μεγάθεϊ ὑψηλότατον <span class="bibl">Hdt.1.203</span>; <b class="b3">πεδίον πλῆθος ἄπειρον</b> ib.<span class="bibl">204</span>; ἡ ἐρῆμος . . ἐοῦσα πλῆθος ἑπτὰ ἡμερέων ὁδοῦ <span class="bibl">Id.4.123</span>; π. χώρας καὶ ἀνθρώπων <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">An.</span>1.5.9</span>. </span><span class="sense"> <span class="bld">2</span> in Att., of <b class="b2">quantity</b> or <b class="b2">amount</b>, διὰ π. τῆς ζημίας <span class="bibl">Th.3.70</span>; χρημάτων π. <span class="bibl">Id.1.9</span>; διὰ πλῆθος οὐσίας <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">R.</span>591e</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">Arist.<span class="title">Pol.</span>1279a19</span>; ταῦτα οὐδέν ἐστι πλήθει οὐδὲ μεγέθει πρὸς ἐκεῖνα <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">R.</span>614a</span>; μετὰ πλήθους ἱδρῶτος <b class="b2">multa sudans</b>, <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Ti.</span>84e</span>; τὸ π. τοῦ ῥεύματος <span class="bibl">Plb.1.75.5</span>; <b class="b3">τὸ παρακείμενον π</b>. the <b class="b2">amount</b> entered against each, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Ostr.Bodl.</span>i 252</span> (ii B.C.); of money, τὸ ἴσον π. <span class="title">TAM</span>2.526 (Pinara): in pl., <b class="b2">quantities</b>, ἐμβρύων <span class="bibl">Cratin.326</span>; θαυμαστὸν ὅσ' ἐστ' ἀγαθῶν π. <span class="bibl">Mnesim.4.51</span> (anap.); οἰκοδομημάτων πλήθεσι ἢ μεγέθεσι <span class="bibl">D.C.52.30</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">10</span>. </span><span class="sense"> <span class="bld">3</span> <b class="b2">more than enough</b>, π. φέρειν <span class="bibl">LXX<span class="title">Ex.</span>36.5</span>. </span><span class="sense"> <span class="bld">4</span> <b class="b2">plurality</b>, opp. <b class="b3">ἕν</b>, <span class="bibl">Dam.<span class="title">Pr.</span>45</span>. </span><span class="sense"> <span class="bld">IV</span> of Time, <b class="b2">length</b>, χρόνου <span class="bibl">Th.1.1</span>, <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Tht.</span>158d</span>, <span class="bibl">Isoc.12.180</span>; π. ἐτῶν <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Nu.</span>855</span>; πλήθει πολλῶν μηνῶν <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">Ph.</span>722</span>(lyr.). </span><span class="sense"> <span class="bld">V</span> with Preps., or Advbs., ἐς π. <b class="b2">in great numbers</b>, <span class="bibl">Th.1.14</span>; <b class="b3">κατὰ πλῆθος</b> a <b class="b2">large number</b> at a time, <span class="title">IG</span>12.6.112; ὡς ἐπὶ τὸ π. <b class="b2">usually, mostly</b>, <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Phdr.</span>275b</span>; ὡς ἐπὶ τὸ π. εἰπεῖν <span class="bibl">Arist.<span class="title">GA</span>786a35</span>; κατὰ π. <span class="bibl">D.H.6.67</span>.</span> | |Definition=εος, τό, Dor. and Arc. πλῆθος <span class="title">Schwyzer</span> 84.8, al. (Argive, found in Crete, v B.C.), <span class="title">IG</span>5(2).6.20 (Tegea, iv B.C.), etc.; Boeot. πλεῖθος ib.7.3171.46 (Orchom. Boeot.); pseudo-Dor. and pseudo-Aeol. πλᾶθος <span class="title">GDI</span>5176.21 (Crete), <span class="title">IGRom.</span>4.1302.18 (Cyme, i B.C./ i A.D.), Hippod. ap. Stob.4.1.93: (<b class="b3">πλήθω</b>, <span class="sense"><p> <span class="bld">A</span> v. [[πίμπλημι]]):—<b class="b2">great number, multitude</b>, esp. of people, <span class="bibl">Il.17.330</span>, <span class="bibl">Hdt.7.49</span>, etc.; <b class="b3">στρατοῦ π</b>., periphr. for <b class="b3">στρατὸς πολύς</b>, <span class="bibl">Id.9.73</span>; <b class="b3">ὡς πλήθει</b> for the <b class="b2">mass</b> of men, <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">R.</span>389d</span>. </span><span class="sense"> <span class="bld">2</span> <b class="b3">τὸ π</b>. the <b class="b2">greater number</b>, the <b class="b2">mass, main body</b>, τὸ π. τοῦ στρατοῦ <span class="bibl">Hdt.1.82</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">5.92</span>; <b class="b3">τὸ π. τῆς ψυχῆς</b> the <b class="b2">largest part</b> of... <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Lg.</span>689a</span>: as Noun of Multitude with pl. Verb, Ἀθηναίων τὸ π. οἴονται <span class="bibl">Th.1.20</span>; <b class="b3">τὸ π. ἐψηφίσαντο πολεμεῖν</b> <b class="b2">the majority</b>, ib.<span class="bibl">125</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">Cyr.</span>2.4.20</span>; <b class="b3">τῷ π</b>. by <b class="b2">a majority</b>, Berl.Sitzb.1927.8 (Locr., v B.C.): hence, <b class="b2">people, population</b>, σμικρὸν τὸ π. τῆσδε γῆς <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Ph.</span>715</span>. </span><span class="sense"> <span class="bld">b</span> <b class="b2">the commons</b>, Th. <span class="bibl">1.9</span>, etc.; ἡ τοῦ π. ἀρχή, δημοκρατία τοὔνομα κληθεῖσα <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Plt.</span>291d</span>; ἐς τὸ π. φέρειν τὸ κράτος <span class="bibl">Hdt.3.81</span>: freq. of the popular <b class="b2">assembly</b>, <b class="b3">τὸ ὑμέτερον π., τὸ π. τὸ ὑμέτερον</b>, <span class="bibl">Lys.12.42</span>, <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Ap.</span>31c</span>; <b class="b3">Ἐρυθραίων τῷ π., Ἀθηναίων τοῦ π</b>., <span class="title">IG</span>12.10.21, 22; = Lat. <b class="b2">plebs</b>, <span class="bibl">Plb.6.15.11</span>, <span class="bibl">D.S.12.25</span>, <span class="bibl">D.H.4.71</span>; also, <b class="b2">association, corporation</b>, or <b class="b2">guild</b>, τὸ π. τὸ Ἁλιαδᾶν <span class="title">IG</span> 12(1).155.6, 156.5 (Rhodes); τὸ τῶν Πανιαστῶν π. <span class="title">IGRom.</span>4.1680(Pergam.); τὸ π. τῶν ἱερέων <span class="title">OGI</span>56.24 (Canopus, iii B.C.); π. τῶν ἁλιέων <span class="bibl"><span class="title">PSI</span>5.498.2</span> (iii B.C.); τὸ π. τῶν μαχαιροφόρων <span class="title">OGI</span>737 (Memphis, ii B.C.); opp. <b class="b3">αἱ ἀρχαί, οἱ ὀλίγοι</b>, <span class="bibl">Th.5.84</span>; but also, <b class="b2">populace, mob</b>, opp. <b class="b3">δῆμος</b> (commons), <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">Ath.</span>2.18</span>, <span class="bibl">App.<span class="title">BC</span>1.10</span>: also in pl., <b class="b3">πείθειν τὰ π</b>. the <b class="b2">masses</b>, <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Grg.</span>452e</span>, cf. <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Sph.</span>268b</span>; ὃ πᾶσι . . σωτήριον, μάλιστα δὲ τοῖς π. πρὸς τοὺς τυράννους <span class="bibl">D.6.24</span>; φιλόσοφον . . π. ἀδύνατον εἶναι <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">R.</span>494a</span>. </span><span class="sense"> <span class="bld">II</span> <b class="b2">quantity</b> or <b class="b2">number</b>, πόσον π. ἦν νεῶν Ἑλληνίδων; <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Pers.</span>334</span>; τῆς σῆς δυνάμεως τί φῂς π. εἶναι; <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">Cyr.</span>2.1.6</span>; ὅμιλος πλήθει φοβερώτατος <span class="bibl">Th.2.98</span>; ἰσχύϊ καὶ πλήθει προέχων <span class="bibl">Id.3.74</span>; τῷ π. αὐτῶν καταπλαγέντες <span class="bibl">Id.4.10</span>; πλήθεϊ πολλοί <span class="bibl">Hdt.3.11</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">6.44</span>; σὺν πλήθει χερῶν <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">OT</span>123</span>; πλήθει παρόντες <b class="b2">in force</b>, <span class="bibl">Th.8.22</span>: abs. in acc., κόσοι πλῆθος <span class="bibl">Hdt.1.153</span>; πόσοι τὸ π.; <span class="bibl">Diph.17.1</span>; ἐρέται . . π. ἀνάριθμοι <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Pers.</span>40</span> (anap.); π. ὡς δισχίλιοι <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">An.</span>4.2.2</span>; ἄπειρα τὸ π. <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Mem.</span>1.1.14</span>; ἄπειρα καὶ π. καὶ σμικρότητα Anaxag.1; π. τι πάμπολυ φθειρῶν <span class="title">IG</span>42(1).122.45, cf. 32 (Epid., iv B.C.). </span><span class="sense"> <span class="bld">III</span> <b class="b2">magnitude, size</b>, or <b class="b2">extent</b>, [ὄρος] πλήθεϊ μέγιστον καὶ μεγάθεϊ ὑψηλότατον <span class="bibl">Hdt.1.203</span>; <b class="b3">πεδίον πλῆθος ἄπειρον</b> ib.<span class="bibl">204</span>; ἡ ἐρῆμος . . ἐοῦσα πλῆθος ἑπτὰ ἡμερέων ὁδοῦ <span class="bibl">Id.4.123</span>; π. χώρας καὶ ἀνθρώπων <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">An.</span>1.5.9</span>. </span><span class="sense"> <span class="bld">2</span> in Att., of <b class="b2">quantity</b> or <b class="b2">amount</b>, διὰ π. τῆς ζημίας <span class="bibl">Th.3.70</span>; χρημάτων π. <span class="bibl">Id.1.9</span>; διὰ πλῆθος οὐσίας <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">R.</span>591e</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">Arist.<span class="title">Pol.</span>1279a19</span>; ταῦτα οὐδέν ἐστι πλήθει οὐδὲ μεγέθει πρὸς ἐκεῖνα <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">R.</span>614a</span>; μετὰ πλήθους ἱδρῶτος <b class="b2">multa sudans</b>, <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Ti.</span>84e</span>; τὸ π. τοῦ ῥεύματος <span class="bibl">Plb.1.75.5</span>; <b class="b3">τὸ παρακείμενον π</b>. the <b class="b2">amount</b> entered against each, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Ostr.Bodl.</span>i 252</span> (ii B.C.); of money, τὸ ἴσον π. <span class="title">TAM</span>2.526 (Pinara): in pl., <b class="b2">quantities</b>, ἐμβρύων <span class="bibl">Cratin.326</span>; θαυμαστὸν ὅσ' ἐστ' ἀγαθῶν π. <span class="bibl">Mnesim.4.51</span> (anap.); οἰκοδομημάτων πλήθεσι ἢ μεγέθεσι <span class="bibl">D.C.52.30</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">10</span>. </span><span class="sense"> <span class="bld">3</span> <b class="b2">more than enough</b>, π. φέρειν <span class="bibl">LXX<span class="title">Ex.</span>36.5</span>. </span><span class="sense"> <span class="bld">4</span> <b class="b2">plurality</b>, opp. <b class="b3">ἕν</b>, <span class="bibl">Dam.<span class="title">Pr.</span>45</span>. </span><span class="sense"> <span class="bld">IV</span> of Time, <b class="b2">length</b>, χρόνου <span class="bibl">Th.1.1</span>, <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Tht.</span>158d</span>, <span class="bibl">Isoc.12.180</span>; π. ἐτῶν <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Nu.</span>855</span>; πλήθει πολλῶν μηνῶν <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">Ph.</span>722</span>(lyr.). </span><span class="sense"> <span class="bld">V</span> with Preps., or Advbs., ἐς π. <b class="b2">in great numbers</b>, <span class="bibl">Th.1.14</span>; <b class="b3">κατὰ πλῆθος</b> a <b class="b2">large number</b> at a time, <span class="title">IG</span>12.6.112; ὡς ἐπὶ τὸ π. <b class="b2">usually, mostly</b>, <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Phdr.</span>275b</span>; ὡς ἐπὶ τὸ π. εἰπεῖν <span class="bibl">Arist.<span class="title">GA</span>786a35</span>; κατὰ π. <span class="bibl">D.H.6.67</span>.</span> | ||
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|ptext=[[https://www.translatum.gr/images/pape/pape-02-0632.png Seite 632]] τό, die Fülle, <b class="b2">Menge, </b>der <b class="b2">Haufen</b>, bes. Menschenmenge, Volksmenge; Il. 17, 330. 23, 639; Pind. Ol. 13, 43; [[πλῆθος]] ἀνάριθμοι, Aesch. Pers. 40; πλήθει καταυχήσας νεῶν, 344; κακῶν, 421; οὐ μιᾷ ῥώμῃ κτανεῖν νιν, ἀλλὰ σὺν πλήθει χερῶν, Soph. O. R. 123, vgl. 541; auch πόνου, Ai. 863; Eur. στρατοῦ [[πλῆθος]], Rhes. 309; σμικρὸν τὸ [[πλῆθος]] τῆσδε γῆς, Phoen. 722; u. in Prosa: Her. 1, 77. 2, 96; Anzahl, 6, 44. 7, 211; auch die Mehrzahl, der größte Theil, 7, 89; u., wie οἱ πολλοί, der große Hause, das Volk, bes. in der Demokratie, die Volksherrschaft, Volkspartei, 3, 81; Thuc. 5, 84 u. oft; τὸ [[πλῆθος]] καταλυθήσεται, Lys. 13, 16, was häufiger [[δῆμος]] ist; ἐὰν τὸ [[πλῆθος]] ἄρχῃ, Plat. Polit. 292 a, vgl. Legg. III, 689 b, [[ὅπερ]] δῆμός τε καὶ [[πλῆθος]] πόλεώς ἐστιν; er sagt auch χορὸς οὐχ εἷς, ἀλλὰ [[πλῆθος]] χορῶν ἥκει, VII, 800 c; übh. Menge, χρυσοῦ, Phaedr. 279 c; μετὰ πλήθους ἱδρῶτος, mit vielem Schweiße, Tim. 84 e; vgl. στρατοῦ [[πλῆθος]], ein großes Heer, Her. 9, 73; πλοῖα πλήθεϊ πολλά, Her., u. so von der Ausdehnung im Raume, Größe, Geräumigkeit, oft Her., [[ὄρος]] πλήθεϊ μέγιστον, [[πεδίον]] [[πλῆθος]] ἄπειρον, 1, 203. 204. 4, 123; διὰ [[πλῆθος]] οὐσίας ἢ δι' ὀλιγότητα, Plat. Rep. IX, 591 e; u. oft auch von der Zeit, πλήθει χρόνου καὶ ὀλιγότητι, Theaet. 158 d, vgl. 269 b (Thuc. 1, 1); ὡς πλήθει, im Ganzen, überhaupt, Rep. III, 389 d; ὡς ἐπὶ τὸ [[πλῆθος]], gewöhnlicherweise, meistentheils, Phaedr. 275 b. – Ueberall bei Sp., auch von andern Dingen, τὸ [[πλῆθος]] τοῦ ῥεύματος, Pol. 1, 75, 5. | |||
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Revision as of 19:18, 2 August 2017
English (LSJ)
εος, τό, Dor. and Arc. πλῆθος Schwyzer 84.8, al. (Argive, found in Crete, v B.C.), IG5(2).6.20 (Tegea, iv B.C.), etc.; Boeot. πλεῖθος ib.7.3171.46 (Orchom. Boeot.); pseudo-Dor. and pseudo-Aeol. πλᾶθος GDI5176.21 (Crete), IGRom.4.1302.18 (Cyme, i B.C./ i A.D.), Hippod. ap. Stob.4.1.93: (πλήθω,
A v. πίμπλημι):—great number, multitude, esp. of people, Il.17.330, Hdt.7.49, etc.; στρατοῦ π., periphr. for στρατὸς πολύς, Id.9.73; ὡς πλήθει for the mass of men, Pl.R.389d. 2 τὸ π. the greater number, the mass, main body, τὸ π. τοῦ στρατοῦ Hdt.1.82, cf. 5.92; τὸ π. τῆς ψυχῆς the largest part of... Pl.Lg.689a: as Noun of Multitude with pl. Verb, Ἀθηναίων τὸ π. οἴονται Th.1.20; τὸ π. ἐψηφίσαντο πολεμεῖν the majority, ib.125, cf. X.Cyr.2.4.20; τῷ π. by a majority, Berl.Sitzb.1927.8 (Locr., v B.C.): hence, people, population, σμικρὸν τὸ π. τῆσδε γῆς E.Ph.715. b the commons, Th. 1.9, etc.; ἡ τοῦ π. ἀρχή, δημοκρατία τοὔνομα κληθεῖσα Pl.Plt.291d; ἐς τὸ π. φέρειν τὸ κράτος Hdt.3.81: freq. of the popular assembly, τὸ ὑμέτερον π., τὸ π. τὸ ὑμέτερον, Lys.12.42, Pl.Ap.31c; Ἐρυθραίων τῷ π., Ἀθηναίων τοῦ π., IG12.10.21, 22; = Lat. plebs, Plb.6.15.11, D.S.12.25, D.H.4.71; also, association, corporation, or guild, τὸ π. τὸ Ἁλιαδᾶν IG 12(1).155.6, 156.5 (Rhodes); τὸ τῶν Πανιαστῶν π. IGRom.4.1680(Pergam.); τὸ π. τῶν ἱερέων OGI56.24 (Canopus, iii B.C.); π. τῶν ἁλιέων PSI5.498.2 (iii B.C.); τὸ π. τῶν μαχαιροφόρων OGI737 (Memphis, ii B.C.); opp. αἱ ἀρχαί, οἱ ὀλίγοι, Th.5.84; but also, populace, mob, opp. δῆμος (commons), X.Ath.2.18, App.BC1.10: also in pl., πείθειν τὰ π. the masses, Pl.Grg.452e, cf. Sph.268b; ὃ πᾶσι . . σωτήριον, μάλιστα δὲ τοῖς π. πρὸς τοὺς τυράννους D.6.24; φιλόσοφον . . π. ἀδύνατον εἶναι Pl.R.494a. II quantity or number, πόσον π. ἦν νεῶν Ἑλληνίδων; A.Pers.334; τῆς σῆς δυνάμεως τί φῂς π. εἶναι; X.Cyr.2.1.6; ὅμιλος πλήθει φοβερώτατος Th.2.98; ἰσχύϊ καὶ πλήθει προέχων Id.3.74; τῷ π. αὐτῶν καταπλαγέντες Id.4.10; πλήθεϊ πολλοί Hdt.3.11, cf. 6.44; σὺν πλήθει χερῶν S.OT123; πλήθει παρόντες in force, Th.8.22: abs. in acc., κόσοι πλῆθος Hdt.1.153; πόσοι τὸ π.; Diph.17.1; ἐρέται . . π. ἀνάριθμοι A.Pers.40 (anap.); π. ὡς δισχίλιοι X.An.4.2.2; ἄπειρα τὸ π. Id.Mem.1.1.14; ἄπειρα καὶ π. καὶ σμικρότητα Anaxag.1; π. τι πάμπολυ φθειρῶν IG42(1).122.45, cf. 32 (Epid., iv B.C.). III magnitude, size, or extent, [ὄρος] πλήθεϊ μέγιστον καὶ μεγάθεϊ ὑψηλότατον Hdt.1.203; πεδίον πλῆθος ἄπειρον ib.204; ἡ ἐρῆμος . . ἐοῦσα πλῆθος ἑπτὰ ἡμερέων ὁδοῦ Id.4.123; π. χώρας καὶ ἀνθρώπων X.An.1.5.9. 2 in Att., of quantity or amount, διὰ π. τῆς ζημίας Th.3.70; χρημάτων π. Id.1.9; διὰ πλῆθος οὐσίας Pl.R.591e, cf. Arist.Pol.1279a19; ταῦτα οὐδέν ἐστι πλήθει οὐδὲ μεγέθει πρὸς ἐκεῖνα Pl.R.614a; μετὰ πλήθους ἱδρῶτος multa sudans, Id.Ti.84e; τὸ π. τοῦ ῥεύματος Plb.1.75.5; τὸ παρακείμενον π. the amount entered against each, Ostr.Bodl.i 252 (ii B.C.); of money, τὸ ἴσον π. TAM2.526 (Pinara): in pl., quantities, ἐμβρύων Cratin.326; θαυμαστὸν ὅσ' ἐστ' ἀγαθῶν π. Mnesim.4.51 (anap.); οἰκοδομημάτων πλήθεσι ἢ μεγέθεσι D.C.52.30, cf. 10. 3 more than enough, π. φέρειν LXXEx.36.5. 4 plurality, opp. ἕν, Dam.Pr.45. IV of Time, length, χρόνου Th.1.1, Pl.Tht.158d, Isoc.12.180; π. ἐτῶν Ar.Nu.855; πλήθει πολλῶν μηνῶν S.Ph.722(lyr.). V with Preps., or Advbs., ἐς π. in great numbers, Th.1.14; κατὰ πλῆθος a large number at a time, IG12.6.112; ὡς ἐπὶ τὸ π. usually, mostly, Pl.Phdr.275b; ὡς ἐπὶ τὸ π. εἰπεῖν Arist.GA786a35; κατὰ π. D.H.6.67.
German (Pape)
[Seite 632] τό, die Fülle, Menge, der Haufen, bes. Menschenmenge, Volksmenge; Il. 17, 330. 23, 639; Pind. Ol. 13, 43; πλῆθος ἀνάριθμοι, Aesch. Pers. 40; πλήθει καταυχήσας νεῶν, 344; κακῶν, 421; οὐ μιᾷ ῥώμῃ κτανεῖν νιν, ἀλλὰ σὺν πλήθει χερῶν, Soph. O. R. 123, vgl. 541; auch πόνου, Ai. 863; Eur. στρατοῦ πλῆθος, Rhes. 309; σμικρὸν τὸ πλῆθος τῆσδε γῆς, Phoen. 722; u. in Prosa: Her. 1, 77. 2, 96; Anzahl, 6, 44. 7, 211; auch die Mehrzahl, der größte Theil, 7, 89; u., wie οἱ πολλοί, der große Hause, das Volk, bes. in der Demokratie, die Volksherrschaft, Volkspartei, 3, 81; Thuc. 5, 84 u. oft; τὸ πλῆθος καταλυθήσεται, Lys. 13, 16, was häufiger δῆμος ist; ἐὰν τὸ πλῆθος ἄρχῃ, Plat. Polit. 292 a, vgl. Legg. III, 689 b, ὅπερ δῆμός τε καὶ πλῆθος πόλεώς ἐστιν; er sagt auch χορὸς οὐχ εἷς, ἀλλὰ πλῆθος χορῶν ἥκει, VII, 800 c; übh. Menge, χρυσοῦ, Phaedr. 279 c; μετὰ πλήθους ἱδρῶτος, mit vielem Schweiße, Tim. 84 e; vgl. στρατοῦ πλῆθος, ein großes Heer, Her. 9, 73; πλοῖα πλήθεϊ πολλά, Her., u. so von der Ausdehnung im Raume, Größe, Geräumigkeit, oft Her., ὄρος πλήθεϊ μέγιστον, πεδίον πλῆθος ἄπειρον, 1, 203. 204. 4, 123; διὰ πλῆθος οὐσίας ἢ δι' ὀλιγότητα, Plat. Rep. IX, 591 e; u. oft auch von der Zeit, πλήθει χρόνου καὶ ὀλιγότητι, Theaet. 158 d, vgl. 269 b (Thuc. 1, 1); ὡς πλήθει, im Ganzen, überhaupt, Rep. III, 389 d; ὡς ἐπὶ τὸ πλῆθος, gewöhnlicherweise, meistentheils, Phaedr. 275 b. – Ueberall bei Sp., auch von andern Dingen, τὸ πλῆθος τοῦ ῥεύματος, Pol. 1, 75, 5.
