χρή: Difference between revisions
Oἱ δὲ Ἀθηναῖοι ἦσαν ἐν μεγάλῳ κινδύνῳ... (adaptation of Herodotus 6.105) → The Athenians were in great danger...
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|Definition=impers., <span class="bibl">Il.1.216</span>, etc.; Aeol. χρῆ <span class="bibl">Alc.20</span>, <span class="bibl">35</span>, <span class="bibl">46</span>; other forms are contractions (crases) of <b class="b3">χρή</b> (prob. orig. a neut. Subst.) with forms of <b class="b3">εἰμί</b> (<span class="sense"><p> <span class="bld">A</span> <b class="b2">sum</b>): fut. χρἤσται <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">OC</span>504</span>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Fr.</span>599</span>, <span class="bibl">Pherecr. 103</span>, <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Fr.</span>362</span>, <span class="bibl">Phryn.Com.34</span> (on this form, for which codd. generally have <b class="b3">χρῆσται</b> or <b class="b3">χρῆσθαι</b>, v. Sch.S.<span class="title">OC</span>l. c.): subj. χρῇ <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">Ph.</span> 999</span>, <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Alc.</span>49</span>, <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Lys.</span>133</span>; opt. χρείη <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Pr.</span>215</span>, <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">Tr.</span>162</span>, <span class="bibl">Lys. 12.44</span>, <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Euthphr.</span>4c</span>; inf. χρῆναι <span class="bibl">Democr.276</span>, <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Ec.</span>210</span>, <span class="bibl">Antipho 5.84</span>, etc.; also <b class="b3">χρῆν</b> (v. infr. 111); part. neut. pl. <b class="b3">χρηεόντα</b> (or <b class="b3">χρὴ ἐόντα</b>) <span class="bibl">Democr.174</span>: impf. ἐχρῆν <span class="bibl">Pi.<span class="title">N.</span>7.44</span>, <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Ch.</span>907</span>, <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">Fr.</span>107.6</span> (only here in S., <b class="b3">χρῆν</b> l. 5), <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Ra.</span>152</span>, al., <span class="bibl">Antipho 1.1</span>, <span class="bibl">And.1.114</span>, <span class="bibl">Lys. 3.22</span>, al., <span class="bibl">Th.6.57</span>, <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Prt.</span>335c</span>, <span class="bibl">D.4.3</span>, al., etc.: freq. also without the augm., χρῆν <span class="bibl">Pi.<span class="title">Fr.</span>123.1</span>, <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">El.</span>529</span>, <span class="bibl">579</span>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Tr.</span>1133</span>, <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Eq.</span>535</span> (anap.), al., <span class="bibl">Lys.8.6</span>, al., <span class="bibl">Th.3.63</span>, <span class="bibl">D.15.33</span>, al., etc.; both forms in <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Ach.</span>540</span>, <b class="b3">ἐρεῖ τις, οὐ χρῆν· ἀλλὰ τί ἐχρῆν εἴπατε</b>: fut. χρήδει <span class="bibl">Hdt.7.8</span>: —<b class="b2">it is necessary</b>: c. inf. praes. aut aor., <b class="b2">it must needs, one must</b> or <b class="b2">ought</b> to do (like <b class="b3">δεῖ</b>, which is only once used in Hom.), νῦν δὲ χ. τετλάμεν ἔμπης <span class="bibl">Od.3.209</span>; τὸν νῦν χ. κομέειν <span class="bibl">6.207</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">Il. 1.216</span>, <span class="bibl">4.57</span>, etc.; σήμαιν' ὅ τι χ. σοι συμπράσσειν <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Pr.</span>297</span>(anap.); <b class="b3">ὅτι χ. πάσχειν ἐθέλω</b> ib.<span class="bibl">1067</span>; ὅ τι χρείη ποιεῖν <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Euthphr.</span>4c</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">9a</span>; τούτου θανειν χρῆν αὐτὸν οὕνεκ' ἐκ σέθεν; <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">El.</span>579</span>; χρὴ τὸ λέγειν <span class="bibl">Parm. 6.1</span>: more freq. c. acc. pers. et inf., <b class="b2">one must</b>, ἐμὲ δὲ χ. γήραϊ πείθεσθαι <span class="bibl">Il.23.644</span>; τῷ σε χ. πόλεμον . . παῦσαι <span class="bibl">7.331</span>; <b class="b3">οὐδέ τί σε χ. νηλεὲς</b> ἦτορ ἔχειν <span class="bibl">9.496</span>; τί χ. με . . στέγειν ἢ τί λέγειν; <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">Ph.</span>135</span> (lyr.): <b class="b3">χρῆν γὰρ Κανδαύλῃ γενέσθαι κακῶς</b> (where <b class="b3">γενέσθαι</b> is inf. of an impers. verb) <span class="bibl">Hdt.1.8</span>.—Sts. the inf. must be supplied from the context, esp. in Hom. in phrases like [[τίπτε μάχης. ἀποπαύεαι; οὐδέ τί σε χρή]] (sc. <b class="b3">ἀποπαύεσθαι</b>) <span class="bibl">Il.16.721</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">19.420</span>; <b class="b3">ὅθι χ. πεζὸν ἐόντα</b> (sc. <b class="b3">μάρνασθαι</b>) <span class="bibl">Od.9.50</span>; so in Trag. and Att., <b class="b3">πορθεῖν ἃ μὴ χ</b>. (sc. <b class="b3">πορθεῖν</b>) <span class="bibl">A. <span class="title">Ag.</span>342</span>; <b class="b3">φύς τ' ἀφ' ὧν οὐ χρῆν</b> (sc. <b class="b3">φῦναι</b>) <b class="b3">, ξὺν οἷς τ' οὐ χρῆν</b> (sc. <b class="b3">ὁμιλεῖν</b>) ὁμιλῶν <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">OT</span>1184</span>; <b class="b3">ἔκανες ὃν οὐ χρῆν</b> (sc. <b class="b3">κτεῖναι</b>) <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Ch.</span>930</span>; <b class="b3">ἐπιπλεύσειέ τις ὡς χ</b>. (sc. <b class="b3">ἐπιπλεῦσαι</b>) <span class="bibl">Th.2.89</span>; <b class="b3">θύσαντες οἷς χ</b>. (sc. <b class="b3">θῦσαι</b>) <span class="bibl">Pl. <span class="title">R.</span>415e</span>; ἀκαιρότερον ὄντα ἢ χ. <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Plt.</span>307e</span>; λαλεῖν μετὰ ἀφελείας ἔνθα χ. Longin.34.2.; so ὡς χ. <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Ag.</span>1556</span> (anap.), etc.—The impf. freq. expresses something that ought to have been, but is not, <b class="b3">ἐνθάδ' οὐ παραστατεῖ, ὡς χρῆν, Ὀρέστης</b> ib.<span class="bibl">879</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">Tr.</span>1133</span>; and sts. stands for χρή, χρῆν τι λέγειν ὑμᾶς σοφὸν ῳ νικήσετε <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Pl.</span>487</span> (anap.), cf. <span class="bibl">432</span>: abs., ἐρεῖτις, οὐ χρῆν· ἀλλὰτί ἐχρῆν εἴπατε <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Ach.</span>540</span>. </span><span class="sense"> <span class="bld">2</span> in Hom. without inf., c. acc. pers. et gen. rei, <b class="b3">οὐδέ τί σε χρὴ ἀφρποσύνης</b> thou <b class="b2">hast</b> no <b class="b2">need of</b> imprudence, i. e. it does not <b class="b2">befit</b> thee, <span class="bibl">Il.7.109</span>; οὐ μέν σε χ. ἔτ' αἰδοῦς <span class="bibl">Od.3.14</span>; τί με χ. μητέρος αἴνου; <span class="bibl">21.110</span>; <b class="b3">μυθήσεαι ὅττεό</b> (i.e. <b class="b3">ὅτου</b>) σε χ. <span class="bibl">1.124</span>; τέο σε χ.; <span class="bibl">4.463</span>: <b class="b3">τί χρὴ φίλων</b> is found in most codd. of <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Or.</span>667</span> (<b class="b3">δεῖ</b> cod. V). </span><span class="sense"> <span class="bld">3</span> c. dat. pers. pro acc. is not found; in <span class="bibl">Il.5.490</span>, <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Pr.</span>3</span>, the dat. belongs to the inf. <b class="b3">μέλειν;</b> in <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">Ant.</span>736</span> Dobree restored με for <b class="b3">γε;</b> in <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Med.</span> 886</span> <b class="b3">ᾗ</b> depends on <b class="b3">μετεῖναι;</b> in <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Ion</span>1316</span> Dobree read <b class="b3">τοὺς δέ γ' ἐνδίκους</b>, and in <span class="bibl">Lys.28.10</span> <b class="b3">δικαίους . . ὑφελομένους</b> was restored by Cobet. </span><span class="sense"> <span class="bld">II</span> sts. in a less strong sense, <b class="b3">πῶς τοῦτο περᾶσαι χρή;</b> how <b class="b2">is one to</b> get through this? <span class="bibl">Theoc.15.45</span>; <b class="b3">τί ἐχρῆν με ποιεῖν;</b> what <b class="b2">was I to</b> do? <span class="bibl">D.18.28</span>; <b class="b3">ἓν οὐδὲν κατέστη ἴαμα ὅτι χρῆν προσφερόντας ὠφελεῖν</b> there was no one remedy by the application of which one <b class="b2">could</b> (or <b class="b2">was bound to</b>) help them, <span class="bibl">Th.2.51</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">1.91</span>. </span><span class="sense"> <span class="bld">III</span> <b class="b3">τὸ χρῆν</b> (inf.) <b class="b2">fate, destiny</b>, <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Hec.</span>260</span> (s. v. l., <b class="b3">τὸ χρὴ</b> Nauck); τὸ χρή <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">HF</span>828</span>; cj. for <b class="b3">τὸ χρεών</b> (monosyll.) in <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Fr.</span>733.3</span>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">IT</span>1486</span>.</span> | |Definition=impers., <span class="bibl">Il.1.216</span>, etc.; Aeol. χρῆ <span class="bibl">Alc.20</span>, <span class="bibl">35</span>, <span class="bibl">46</span>; other forms are contractions (crases) of <b class="b3">χρή</b> (prob. orig. a neut. Subst.) with forms of <b class="b3">εἰμί</b> (<span class="sense"><p> <span class="bld">A</span> <b class="b2">sum</b>): fut. χρἤσται <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">OC</span>504</span>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Fr.</span>599</span>, <span class="bibl">Pherecr. 103</span>, <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Fr.</span>362</span>, <span class="bibl">Phryn.Com.34</span> (on this form, for which codd. generally have <b class="b3">χρῆσται</b> or <b class="b3">χρῆσθαι</b>, v. Sch.S.<span class="title">OC</span>l. c.): subj. χρῇ <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">Ph.</span> 999</span>, <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Alc.</span>49</span>, <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Lys.</span>133</span>; opt. χρείη <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Pr.</span>215</span>, <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">Tr.</span>162</span>, <span class="bibl">Lys. 12.44</span>, <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Euthphr.</span>4c</span>; inf. χρῆναι <span class="bibl">Democr.276</span>, <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Ec.</span>210</span>, <span class="bibl">Antipho 5.84</span>, etc.; also <b class="b3">χρῆν</b> (v. infr. 111); part. neut. pl. <b class="b3">χρηεόντα</b> (or <b class="b3">χρὴ ἐόντα</b>) <span class="bibl">Democr.174</span>: impf. ἐχρῆν <span class="bibl">Pi.<span class="title">N.</span>7.44</span>, <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Ch.</span>907</span>, <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">Fr.</span>107.6</span> (only here in S., <b class="b3">χρῆν</b> l. 5), <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Ra.</span>152</span>, al., <span class="bibl">Antipho 1.1</span>, <span class="bibl">And.1.114</span>, <span class="bibl">Lys. 3.22</span>, al., <span class="bibl">Th.6.57</span>, <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Prt.</span>335c</span>, <span class="bibl">D.4.3</span>, al., etc.: freq. also without the augm., χρῆν <span class="bibl">Pi.<span class="title">Fr.</span>123.1</span>, <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">El.</span>529</span>, <span class="bibl">579</span>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Tr.</span>1133</span>, <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Eq.</span>535</span> (anap.), al., <span class="bibl">Lys.8.6</span>, al., <span class="bibl">Th.3.63</span>, <span class="bibl">D.15.33</span>, al., etc.; both forms in <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Ach.</span>540</span>, <b class="b3">ἐρεῖ τις, οὐ χρῆν· ἀλλὰ τί ἐχρῆν εἴπατε</b>: fut. χρήδει <span class="bibl">Hdt.7.8</span>: —<b class="b2">it is necessary</b>: c. inf. praes. aut aor., <b class="b2">it must needs, one must</b> or <b class="b2">ought</b> to do (like <b class="b3">δεῖ</b>, which is only once used in Hom.), νῦν δὲ χ. τετλάμεν ἔμπης <span class="bibl">Od.3.209</span>; τὸν νῦν χ. κομέειν <span class="bibl">6.207</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">Il. 1.216</span>, <span class="bibl">4.57</span>, etc.; σήμαιν' ὅ τι χ. σοι συμπράσσειν <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Pr.</span>297</span>(anap.); <b class="b3">ὅτι χ. πάσχειν ἐθέλω</b> ib.<span class="bibl">1067</span>; ὅ τι χρείη ποιεῖν <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Euthphr.</span>4c</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">9a</span>; τούτου θανειν χρῆν αὐτὸν οὕνεκ' ἐκ σέθεν; <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">El.</span>579</span>; χρὴ τὸ λέγειν <span class="bibl">Parm. 6.1</span>: more freq. c. acc. pers. et inf., <b class="b2">one must</b>, ἐμὲ δὲ χ. γήραϊ πείθεσθαι <span class="bibl">Il.23.644</span>; τῷ σε χ. πόλεμον . . παῦσαι <span class="bibl">7.331</span>; <b class="b3">οὐδέ τί σε χ. νηλεὲς</b> ἦτορ ἔχειν <span class="bibl">9.496</span>; τί χ. με . . στέγειν ἢ τί λέγειν; <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">Ph.</span>135</span> (lyr.): <b class="b3">χρῆν γὰρ Κανδαύλῃ γενέσθαι κακῶς</b> (where <b class="b3">γενέσθαι</b> is inf. of an impers. verb) <span class="bibl">Hdt.1.8</span>.—Sts. the inf. must be supplied from the context, esp. in Hom. in phrases like [[τίπτε μάχης. ἀποπαύεαι; οὐδέ τί σε χρή]] (sc. <b class="b3">ἀποπαύεσθαι</b>) <span class="bibl">Il.16.721</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">19.420</span>; <b class="b3">ὅθι χ. πεζὸν ἐόντα</b> (sc. <b class="b3">μάρνασθαι</b>) <span class="bibl">Od.9.50</span>; so in Trag. and Att., <b class="b3">πορθεῖν ἃ μὴ χ</b>. (sc. <b class="b3">πορθεῖν</b>) <span class="bibl">A. <span class="title">Ag.</span>342</span>; <b class="b3">φύς τ' ἀφ' ὧν οὐ χρῆν</b> (sc. <b class="b3">φῦναι</b>) <b class="b3">, ξὺν οἷς τ' οὐ χρῆν</b> (sc. <b class="b3">ὁμιλεῖν</b>) ὁμιλῶν <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">OT</span>1184</span>; <b class="b3">ἔκανες ὃν οὐ χρῆν</b> (sc. <b class="b3">κτεῖναι</b>) <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Ch.</span>930</span>; <b class="b3">ἐπιπλεύσειέ τις ὡς χ</b>. (sc. <b class="b3">ἐπιπλεῦσαι</b>) <span class="bibl">Th.2.89</span>; <b class="b3">θύσαντες οἷς χ</b>. (sc. <b class="b3">θῦσαι</b>) <span class="bibl">Pl. <span class="title">R.</span>415e</span>; ἀκαιρότερον ὄντα ἢ χ. <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Plt.</span>307e</span>; λαλεῖν μετὰ ἀφελείας ἔνθα χ. Longin.34.2.; so ὡς χ. <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Ag.</span>1556</span> (anap.), etc.—The impf. freq. expresses something that ought to have been, but is not, <b class="b3">ἐνθάδ' οὐ παραστατεῖ, ὡς χρῆν, Ὀρέστης</b> ib.<span class="bibl">879</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">Tr.</span>1133</span>; and sts. stands for χρή, χρῆν τι λέγειν ὑμᾶς σοφὸν ῳ νικήσετε <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Pl.</span>487</span> (anap.), cf. <span class="bibl">432</span>: abs., ἐρεῖτις, οὐ χρῆν· ἀλλὰτί ἐχρῆν εἴπατε <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Ach.</span>540</span>. </span><span class="sense"> <span class="bld">2</span> in Hom. without inf., c. acc. pers. et gen. rei, <b class="b3">οὐδέ τί σε χρὴ ἀφρποσύνης</b> thou <b class="b2">hast</b> no <b class="b2">need of</b> imprudence, i. e. it does not <b class="b2">befit</b> thee, <span class="bibl">Il.7.109</span>; οὐ μέν σε χ. ἔτ' αἰδοῦς <span class="bibl">Od.3.14</span>; τί με χ. μητέρος αἴνου; <span class="bibl">21.110</span>; <b class="b3">μυθήσεαι ὅττεό</b> (i.e. <b class="b3">ὅτου</b>) σε χ. <span class="bibl">1.124</span>; τέο σε χ.; <span class="bibl">4.463</span>: <b class="b3">τί χρὴ φίλων</b> is found in most codd. of <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Or.</span>667</span> (<b class="b3">δεῖ</b> cod. V). </span><span class="sense"> <span class="bld">3</span> c. dat. pers. pro acc. is not found; in <span class="bibl">Il.5.490</span>, <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Pr.</span>3</span>, the dat. belongs to the inf. <b class="b3">μέλειν;</b> in <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">Ant.</span>736</span> Dobree restored με for <b class="b3">γε;</b> in <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Med.</span> 886</span> <b class="b3">ᾗ</b> depends on <b class="b3">μετεῖναι;</b> in <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Ion</span>1316</span> Dobree read <b class="b3">τοὺς δέ γ' ἐνδίκους</b>, and in <span class="bibl">Lys.28.10</span> <b class="b3">δικαίους . . ὑφελομένους</b> was restored by Cobet. </span><span class="sense"> <span class="bld">II</span> sts. in a less strong sense, <b class="b3">πῶς τοῦτο περᾶσαι χρή;</b> how <b class="b2">is one to</b> get through this? <span class="bibl">Theoc.15.45</span>; <b class="b3">τί ἐχρῆν με ποιεῖν;</b> what <b class="b2">was I to</b> do? <span class="bibl">D.18.28</span>; <b class="b3">ἓν οὐδὲν κατέστη ἴαμα ὅτι χρῆν προσφερόντας ὠφελεῖν</b> there was no one remedy by the application of which one <b class="b2">could</b> (or <b class="b2">was bound to</b>) help them, <span class="bibl">Th.2.51</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">1.91</span>. </span><span class="sense"> <span class="bld">III</span> <b class="b3">τὸ χρῆν</b> (inf.) <b class="b2">fate, destiny</b>, <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Hec.</span>260</span> (s. v. l., <b class="b3">τὸ χρὴ</b> Nauck); τὸ χρή <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">HF</span>828</span>; cj. for <b class="b3">τὸ χρεών</b> (monosyll.) in <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Fr.</span>733.3</span>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">IT</span>1486</span>.</span> | ||
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|ptext=[[https://www.translatum.gr/images/pape/pape-02-1372.png Seite 1372]] impers. (vgl. [[χράομαι]]), conj. χρῇ, optat. χρείη, inf. χρῆναι, poet. auch [[χρῆν]], Pors. Eur. Hec. 264; impf. ἐχρῆν u. [[χρῆν]] (nicht ἔχρη od. ἔχρην), fut. χρήσει; <b class="b2">es braucht, ist nöthig</b>, es ist Pflicht, <b class="b2">man muß</b>; mit dem inf. allein, und, wenn die Person dabeisteht, die verpflichtet ist, mir dem accus. c. inf.; Hom. u. Folgde überall; ἀλλὰ χρὴ καὶ ἐμὸν θέμεναι πόνον οὐκ ἀτέλεστον Il. 4, 57; χρὴ μὲν δὴ τὸν μῦθον [[ἀπηλεγέως]] [[ἀποειπεῖν]], man muß das Wort offen aussprechen, 9, 309; 13, 235 Od. 3, 209. 6, 207 u. sonst; χρὴ δὲ πρὸς θεὸν οὐκ ἐρίζειν Pind. P. 2, 88, u. öfter, wie Tragg.: σήμαιν' ὅτι χρή σοι συμπράττειν, was man thun soll, Aesch. Prom. 295; μετὰ τοῦδ' ὅτι χρὴ πάσχειν [[ἐθέλω]] 1069, u. oft in ähnlicher Vrbdg ὅτι χρή, was nöthig ist; ποθεῖν ἃ μὴ χρή, wo man ποθεῖν ergänzen muß, Ag. 333; ὃ χρὴ οὐδεὶς μὴ θεῶν θήσει [[ποτέ]] Eur. Herc. F. 311; τὸ [[χρῆν]] σφ' ἐπήγαγ' ἀνθρωποκτονεῖν Hec. 260; Herc. fur. 828; χρὴ μὲν σφωΐτερον [[ἔπος]] εἰρύσασθαι καὶ [[μάλα]] περ κεχολωμένον, man muß, auch wenn man erzürnt ist, Il. 1, 216; χρή σε πόλεμον παῦσαι, du mußt, 7, 331; οὔ σε χρὴ νηλεὲς [[ἦτορ]] ἔχειν 9, 496; νῦν σε [[μάλα]] χρὴ αἰχμητὴν ἔμεναι 16, 492, u. oft; auch ist der infin. zuweilen aus dem Zusammenhange zu ergänzen, μὴ χαλέπαινε παρὲκ νόον· [[οὐδέ]] τί σε χρή, sc. χαλεπαίνειν, 20, 133, wie [[τίπτε]] μάχης ἀποπαύσεαι; [[οὐδέ]] τί σε χρή, sc. ἀποπαύσασθαι μάχης, 16, 721, vgl. 19, 420 Od. 19, 500; ὅθι χρή, sc. μάρνασθαι, 9, 50; ἐμὲ χρὴ καὶ σὲ ὑφαίνειν ὄλβον Pind. P. 4, 141, wie Tragg., τὴν πεπρωμένην δὲ χρὴ αἶσαν φέρειν ὡς ῥᾷστα, γιγνώσκονθ' ὅτι Aesch. Prom. 103, ὡς μάθοι, τί χρὴ δρῶντ' ἢ λέγοντα δαίμοσιν πράττειν φίλα 662, οὓς φυλάξασθαί σε χρή 717. – In Verbindungen, wie εἰ δὲ χρὴ τυχεῖν σωτηρίας Ch. 201, wenn ich Rettung finden soll, πῆ ποτε μόχθων χρὴ τέρματα τῶνδ' ἐπιτεῖλαι Prom. 100, liegt eine Bestimmung des Geschicks darin, und tritt der Zusammenhang mit [[χράω]] (s. oben) mehr hervor; Soph. εἶπε [[Λοξίας]] ποτὲ χρῆναι μιγῆναι μητρί, O. R. 995, vgl. 854 O. C. 1442. 1517; κεἰ χρή με παντελῶς [[θανεῖν]] O. R. 669, u. sonst. – In τί χρή με στέγειν ἢ τί λέγειν Phil. 135, vgl. Ant. 875 Ai. 1359, liegt mehr »was nutzt« oder »frommt«, so daß der Zusammenhang mit [[χράομαι]] mehr hervortritt; lehrreich ist Aristoph. Av. 1419 ἀλλ' ὅτου δεῖ χρὴ λέγειν. – Auch sonst oft bei Ar., u. in Prosa, ἐβουλεύοντο ὅ τι χρὴ αὐτοὺς ποιῆσαι Plat. Conv. 190 c, θύσαντες οἷς χρή, sc. [[θῦσαι]], Rep. III, 415 e. – Das impf. [[χρῆν]] drückt meist aus, daß Etwas geschehen mußte, was aber nicht geschehen ist, was wir durch den conj. bezeichnen, ἐκ τῶνδέ σοι [[παῖς]] ἐνθάδ' οὐ παραστατεῖ, ὡς [[χρῆν]], Ὀρέστης, wie er mußte, od. wie er hätte sollen, Aesch. Ag. 851. 1393; κάνες γ' ὃν οὐ [[χρῆν]] Ch. 918, den du hättest nicht tödten sollen; [[χρῆν]] γάρ σε μήτ' αὐτόν ποτ' ἐς Τροίαν [[μολεῖν]] ἡμᾶς τ' ἀπείργειν Soph. Phil. 1347; Tr. 1123 u. oft; Plat. Conv. 181 d [[χρῆν]] καὶ νόμον εἶναι, vgl. Apol. 34 a Gorg. 458 b, u. sonst; Thuc. 3, 63. – Hierher gehört auch Aristoph. Ach. 778 φώνει δὴ τὺ [[ταχέως]], [[χοιρίον]]· οὐ χρῆσθα σιγῆν, ὦ κάκιστ' ἀπολουμένα, du hättest nicht still sein sollen; eine 2. Person Sing., das Verbum also persönlich gebraucht, nicht, wie sonst, unpersönlich. – Mit dem acc. der Person u. dem gen. der Sache, Etwas nöthig haben, seiner bedürfen, μυθήσεαι, [[ὅττεο]] σε χρή, wessen du bedarfst, was dir Noth thut, Od. 1, 124. 4, 463. 22, 377; [[οὐδέ]] τί σε χρὴ ἀφροσύνης, du bedarfst nicht des Unverstandes, d. i. du mußt nicht unverständig sein, Il. 7, 109; οὔ σε χρὴ ἔτ' αἰδοῦς, du brauchst nicht mehr blöde zu sein, Od. 3, 14; τί με χρὴ μητέρος αἴνου 21, 110, was brauche ich erst die Mutter zu loben? | |||
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Revision as of 19:34, 2 August 2017
English (LSJ)
impers., Il.1.216, etc.; Aeol. χρῆ Alc.20, 35, 46; other forms are contractions (crases) of χρή (prob. orig. a neut. Subst.) with forms of εἰμί (
A sum): fut. χρἤσται S.OC504, Fr.599, Pherecr. 103, Ar.Fr.362, Phryn.Com.34 (on this form, for which codd. generally have χρῆσται or χρῆσθαι, v. Sch.S.OCl. c.): subj. χρῇ S.Ph. 999, E.Alc.49, Ar.Lys.133; opt. χρείη A.Pr.215, S.Tr.162, Lys. 12.44, Pl.Euthphr.4c; inf. χρῆναι Democr.276, Ar.Ec.210, Antipho 5.84, etc.; also χρῆν (v. infr. 111); part. neut. pl. χρηεόντα (or χρὴ ἐόντα) Democr.174: impf. ἐχρῆν Pi.N.7.44, A.Ch.907, S.Fr.107.6 (only here in S., χρῆν l. 5), Ar.Ra.152, al., Antipho 1.1, And.1.114, Lys. 3.22, al., Th.6.57, Pl.Prt.335c, D.4.3, al., etc.: freq. also without the augm., χρῆν Pi.Fr.123.1, S.El.529, 579, Tr.1133, Ar.Eq.535 (anap.), al., Lys.8.6, al., Th.3.63, D.15.33, al., etc.; both forms in Ar.Ach.540, ἐρεῖ τις, οὐ χρῆν· ἀλλὰ τί ἐχρῆν εἴπατε: fut. χρήδει Hdt.7.8: —it is necessary: c. inf. praes. aut aor., it must needs, one must or ought to do (like δεῖ, which is only once used in Hom.), νῦν δὲ χ. τετλάμεν ἔμπης Od.3.209; τὸν νῦν χ. κομέειν 6.207, cf. Il. 1.216, 4.57, etc.; σήμαιν' ὅ τι χ. σοι συμπράσσειν A.Pr.297(anap.); ὅτι χ. πάσχειν ἐθέλω ib.1067; ὅ τι χρείη ποιεῖν Pl.Euthphr.4c, cf. 9a; τούτου θανειν χρῆν αὐτὸν οὕνεκ' ἐκ σέθεν; S.El.579; χρὴ τὸ λέγειν Parm. 6.1: more freq. c. acc. pers. et inf., one must, ἐμὲ δὲ χ. γήραϊ πείθεσθαι Il.23.644; τῷ σε χ. πόλεμον . . παῦσαι 7.331; οὐδέ τί σε χ. νηλεὲς ἦτορ ἔχειν 9.496; τί χ. με . . στέγειν ἢ τί λέγειν; S.Ph.135 (lyr.): χρῆν γὰρ Κανδαύλῃ γενέσθαι κακῶς (where γενέσθαι is inf. of an impers. verb) Hdt.1.8.—Sts. the inf. must be supplied from the context, esp. in Hom. in phrases like τίπτε μάχης. ἀποπαύεαι; οὐδέ τί σε χρή (sc. ἀποπαύεσθαι) Il.16.721, cf. 19.420; ὅθι χ. πεζὸν ἐόντα (sc. μάρνασθαι) Od.9.50; so in Trag. and Att., πορθεῖν ἃ μὴ χ. (sc. πορθεῖν) A. Ag.342; φύς τ' ἀφ' ὧν οὐ χρῆν (sc. φῦναι) , ξὺν οἷς τ' οὐ χρῆν (sc. ὁμιλεῖν) ὁμιλῶν S.OT1184; ἔκανες ὃν οὐ χρῆν (sc. κτεῖναι) A.Ch.930; ἐπιπλεύσειέ τις ὡς χ. (sc. ἐπιπλεῦσαι) Th.2.89; θύσαντες οἷς χ. (sc. θῦσαι) Pl. R.415e; ἀκαιρότερον ὄντα ἢ χ. Id.Plt.307e; λαλεῖν μετὰ ἀφελείας ἔνθα χ. Longin.34.2.; so ὡς χ. A.Ag.1556 (anap.), etc.—The impf. freq. expresses something that ought to have been, but is not, ἐνθάδ' οὐ παραστατεῖ, ὡς χρῆν, Ὀρέστης ib.879, cf. S.Tr.1133; and sts. stands for χρή, χρῆν τι λέγειν ὑμᾶς σοφὸν ῳ νικήσετε Ar.Pl.487 (anap.), cf. 432: abs., ἐρεῖτις, οὐ χρῆν· ἀλλὰτί ἐχρῆν εἴπατε Id.Ach.540. 2 in Hom. without inf., c. acc. pers. et gen. rei, οὐδέ τί σε χρὴ ἀφρποσύνης thou hast no need of imprudence, i. e. it does not befit thee, Il.7.109; οὐ μέν σε χ. ἔτ' αἰδοῦς Od.3.14; τί με χ. μητέρος αἴνου; 21.110; μυθήσεαι ὅττεό (i.e. ὅτου) σε χ. 1.124; τέο σε χ.; 4.463: τί χρὴ φίλων is found in most codd. of E.Or.667 (δεῖ cod. V). 3 c. dat. pers. pro acc. is not found; in Il.5.490, A.Pr.3, the dat. belongs to the inf. μέλειν; in S.Ant.736 Dobree restored με for γε; in E.Med. 886 ᾗ depends on μετεῖναι; in Ion1316 Dobree read τοὺς δέ γ' ἐνδίκους, and in Lys.28.10 δικαίους . . ὑφελομένους was restored by Cobet. II sts. in a less strong sense, πῶς τοῦτο περᾶσαι χρή; how is one to get through this? Theoc.15.45; τί ἐχρῆν με ποιεῖν; what was I to do? D.18.28; ἓν οὐδὲν κατέστη ἴαμα ὅτι χρῆν προσφερόντας ὠφελεῖν there was no one remedy by the application of which one could (or was bound to) help them, Th.2.51, cf. 1.91. III τὸ χρῆν (inf.) fate, destiny, E.Hec.260 (s. v. l., τὸ χρὴ Nauck); τὸ χρή Id.HF828; cj. for τὸ χρεών (monosyll.) in Id.Fr.733.3, IT1486.
German (Pape)
[Seite 1372] impers. (vgl. χράομαι), conj. χρῇ, optat. χρείη, inf. χρῆναι, poet. auch χρῆν, Pors. Eur. Hec. 264; impf. ἐχρῆν u. χρῆν (nicht ἔχρη od. ἔχρην), fut. χρήσει; es braucht, ist nöthig, es ist Pflicht, man muß; mit dem inf. allein, und, wenn die Person dabeisteht, die verpflichtet ist, mir dem accus. c. inf.; Hom. u. Folgde überall; ἀλλὰ χρὴ καὶ ἐμὸν θέμεναι πόνον οὐκ ἀτέλεστον Il. 4, 57; χρὴ μὲν δὴ τὸν μῦθον ἀπηλεγέως ἀποειπεῖν, man muß das Wort offen aussprechen, 9, 309; 13, 235 Od. 3, 209. 6, 207 u. sonst; χρὴ δὲ πρὸς θεὸν οὐκ ἐρίζειν Pind. P. 2, 88, u. öfter, wie Tragg.: σήμαιν' ὅτι χρή σοι συμπράττειν, was man thun soll, Aesch. Prom. 295; μετὰ τοῦδ' ὅτι χρὴ πάσχειν ἐθέλω 1069, u. oft in ähnlicher Vrbdg ὅτι χρή, was nöthig ist; ποθεῖν ἃ μὴ χρή, wo man ποθεῖν ergänzen muß, Ag. 333; ὃ χρὴ οὐδεὶς μὴ θεῶν θήσει ποτέ Eur. Herc. F. 311; τὸ χρῆν σφ' ἐπήγαγ' ἀνθρωποκτονεῖν Hec. 260; Herc. fur. 828; χρὴ μὲν σφωΐτερον ἔπος εἰρύσασθαι καὶ μάλα περ κεχολωμένον, man muß, auch wenn man erzürnt ist, Il. 1, 216; χρή σε πόλεμον παῦσαι, du mußt, 7, 331; οὔ σε χρὴ νηλεὲς ἦτορ ἔχειν 9, 496; νῦν σε μάλα χρὴ αἰχμητὴν ἔμεναι 16, 492, u. oft; auch ist der infin. zuweilen aus dem Zusammenhange zu ergänzen, μὴ χαλέπαινε παρὲκ νόον· οὐδέ τί σε χρή, sc. χαλεπαίνειν, 20, 133, wie τίπτε μάχης ἀποπαύσεαι; οὐδέ τί σε χρή, sc. ἀποπαύσασθαι μάχης, 16, 721, vgl. 19, 420 Od. 19, 500; ὅθι χρή, sc. μάρνασθαι, 9, 50; ἐμὲ χρὴ καὶ σὲ ὑφαίνειν ὄλβον Pind. P. 4, 141, wie Tragg., τὴν πεπρωμένην δὲ χρὴ αἶσαν φέρειν ὡς ῥᾷστα, γιγνώσκονθ' ὅτι Aesch. Prom. 103, ὡς μάθοι, τί χρὴ δρῶντ' ἢ λέγοντα δαίμοσιν πράττειν φίλα 662, οὓς φυλάξασθαί σε χρή 717. – In Verbindungen, wie εἰ δὲ χρὴ τυχεῖν σωτηρίας Ch. 201, wenn ich Rettung finden soll, πῆ ποτε μόχθων χρὴ τέρματα τῶνδ' ἐπιτεῖλαι Prom. 100, liegt eine Bestimmung des Geschicks darin, und tritt der Zusammenhang mit χράω (s. oben) mehr hervor; Soph. εἶπε Λοξίας ποτὲ χρῆναι μιγῆναι μητρί, O. R. 995, vgl. 854 O. C. 1442. 1517; κεἰ χρή με παντελῶς θανεῖν O. R. 669, u. sonst. – In τί χρή με στέγειν ἢ τί λέγειν Phil. 135, vgl. Ant. 875 Ai. 1359, liegt mehr »was nutzt« oder »frommt«, so daß der Zusammenhang mit χράομαι mehr hervortritt; lehrreich ist Aristoph. Av. 1419 ἀλλ' ὅτου δεῖ χρὴ λέγειν. – Auch sonst oft bei Ar., u. in Prosa, ἐβουλεύοντο ὅ τι χρὴ αὐτοὺς ποιῆσαι Plat. Conv. 190 c, θύσαντες οἷς χρή, sc. θῦσαι, Rep. III, 415 e. – Das impf. χρῆν drückt meist aus, daß Etwas geschehen mußte, was aber nicht geschehen ist, was wir durch den conj. bezeichnen, ἐκ τῶνδέ σοι παῖς ἐνθάδ' οὐ παραστατεῖ, ὡς χρῆν, Ὀρέστης, wie er mußte, od. wie er hätte sollen, Aesch. Ag. 851. 1393; κάνες γ' ὃν οὐ χρῆν Ch. 918, den du hättest nicht tödten sollen; χρῆν γάρ σε μήτ' αὐτόν ποτ' ἐς Τροίαν μολεῖν ἡμᾶς τ' ἀπείργειν Soph. Phil. 1347; Tr. 1123 u. oft; Plat. Conv. 181 d χρῆν καὶ νόμον εἶναι, vgl. Apol. 34 a Gorg. 458 b, u. sonst; Thuc. 3, 63. – Hierher gehört auch Aristoph. Ach. 778 φώνει δὴ τὺ ταχέως, χοιρίον· οὐ χρῆσθα σιγῆν, ὦ κάκιστ' ἀπολουμένα, du hättest nicht still sein sollen; eine 2. Person Sing., das Verbum also persönlich gebraucht, nicht, wie sonst, unpersönlich. – Mit dem acc. der Person u. dem gen. der Sache, Etwas nöthig haben, seiner bedürfen, μυθήσεαι, ὅττεο σε χρή, wessen du bedarfst, was dir Noth thut, Od. 1, 124. 4, 463. 22, 377; οὐδέ τί σε χρὴ ἀφροσύνης, du bedarfst nicht des Unverstandes, d. i. du mußt nicht unverständig sein, Il. 7, 109; οὔ σε χρὴ ἔτ' αἰδοῦς, du brauchst nicht mehr blöde zu sein, Od. 3, 14; τί με χρὴ μητέρος αἴνου 21, 110, was brauche ich erst die Mutter zu loben?