οἰδέω: Difference between revisions
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|elrutext='''οἰδέω:''' (pf. [[ᾤδηκα]]; дор. 3 л. pl. pf. ᾠδήκαντι)<br /><b class="num">1)</b> набухать, пухнуть ([[χρόα]] πάντα Hom.; τὼ πόδε Arph.; οἰδησάσης τῆς πληγῆς Arst.);<br /><b class="num">2)</b> волноваться, быть в смятении (οἰδεόντων τῶν πρηγμάτων Her.; οἰδεῖ ἡ [[πόλις]] Plat.; ὁ [[δῆμος]] οἰδῶν Plut.). | |elrutext='''οἰδέω:''' (pf. [[ᾤδηκα]]; дор. 3 л. pl. pf. ᾠδήκαντι)<br /><b class="num">1)</b> набухать, пухнуть ([[χρόα]] πάντα Hom.; τὼ πόδε Arph.; οἰδησάσης τῆς πληγῆς Arst.);<br /><b class="num">2)</b> волноваться, быть в смятении (οἰδεόντων τῶν πρηγμάτων Her.; οἰδεῖ ἡ [[πόλις]] Plat.; ὁ [[δῆμος]] οἰδῶν Plut.). | ||
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{{etym | |||
|etymtx=Grammatical information: v.<br />Meaning: <b class="b2">to swell</b> (ε 455).<br />Other forms: Also <b class="b3">οἰδάω</b> (Plu., Luc.), <b class="b3">οἰδαίνω</b> (hell. poet.); <b class="b3">οἰδάνομαι</b>, <b class="b3">-ω</b> (Ι 646 a. 554, Ar., A. R.), <b class="b3">οἰδίσκομαι</b>, <b class="b3">-ω</b> (medic.) [[swell]] resp. <b class="b2">make swell</b>, aor. <b class="b3">οἰδῆσαι</b> (IA.), rare <b class="b3">οἰδῆναι</b> (Q. S.: <b class="b3">οἰδαίνω</b>), perf. <b class="b3">ὤδηκα</b> (Hp., Theoc.);<br />Compounds: with prefix, esp. <b class="b3">ἀν-οιδέω</b>, <b class="b3">-οιδίσκομαι</b>, <b class="b3">-οιδαίνω</b>, also with <b class="b3">δι-</b>, <b class="b3">ἐξ-</b>.<br />Derivatives: 1. <b class="b3">οἶδμα</b> n. <b class="b2">torrent of water</b> (Il.), after <b class="b3">κῦμα</b> (Porzig Satzinhalte 242); cf. <b class="b3">κυέω</b> : <b class="b3">κῦμα</b>, <b class="b3">δοκέω</b> : <b class="b3">δόγμα</b> (if not from a lost primary verb; cf. below); <b class="b3">οἰδματ-όεις</b> [[flowing]] (A. Fr. 69 = 103 Mette, Opp.). 2. <b class="b3">οἶδος</b> n. [[swelling]] (Hp., Nic., Aret.); cf. <b class="b3">κρατέω</b> : <b class="b3">κράτος</b>. 3. <b class="b3">οἴδ-ημα</b> n. [[swelling]] (Hp., D.) with <b class="b3">-ημάτιον</b> (Hp., Aët.), <b class="b3">-ηματώδης</b> (medic.); (<b class="b3">ἀν-</b>, <b class="b3">δι-</b>, <b class="b3">ἐξ-</b> etc.) <b class="b3">οίδησις</b> f. [[bulge]] (Pl., medic., Thphr.). 4. (<b class="b3">ἐπ-</b>, <b class="b3">ὑπ-)οιδαλέος</b> [[swollen]] (Archil., Hp.: <b class="b3">οἰδαίνω</b> like <b class="b3">κερδαλέος</b> : <b class="b3">κερδαίνω</b>). 5. <b class="b3">οἴδαξ</b> m. <b class="b2">unripe fig</b> (Poll., Choerob.; from <b class="b3">οἶδος</b> or <b class="b3">οἰδέω</b>). 6. Backformations: <b class="b3">ὕποιδος</b> <b class="b2">somewhat swollen</b> (Gal.: <b class="b3">ὑπ-οιδέω</b>), <b class="b3">ἐνοιδής</b> [[swollen]] (Nic. : <b class="b3">ἐν-οιδέω</b>). -- On [[Οἰδίπους]] s. v.<br />Origin: IE [Indo-European] [774] <b class="b2">*h₂eid-</b>\/<b class="b2">h₂oid-</b> [[swell]]<br />Etymology: Of the presentforms only <b class="b3">οἰδέω</b> will be old. Through enlargement arose the causat. <b class="b3">οἰδάνω</b> with intr. <b class="b3">οἰδάνομαι</b> (cf. on <b class="b3">Οἰδίπους</b>), in the same way <b class="b3">οἰδίσκομαι</b>, <b class="b3">-ω</b> (Schwyzer 700 a. 709 f.); <b class="b3">οἰδαίνω</b> will be analog. after <b class="b3">κυμαίνω</b>, <b class="b3">ὀργαίνω</b> u.a., perh. also to <b class="b3">οἰδῆσαι</b> after <b class="b3">κερδῆσαι</b> : <b class="b3">κερδαίνω</b> a. o.; to <b class="b3">οἰδῆσαι</b> the late and rare <b class="b3">οἰδάω</b>. In <b class="b3">οἰδέω</b> some see an iterativ-intensive formation; but an agreeing primary verb is not attested. -- A certain cognate is Arm. <b class="b2">ayt-nu-m</b> [[swell]] with the primaryn aor. <b class="b2">ayte-ay</b> and the noun [[ayt]] (<b class="b2">i-</b>stem) [[cheek]], IE <b class="b2">*oidi-</b> (poss. <b class="b2">*aidi-</b>; cf. below); the <b class="b2">nu-</b>present is an Arm. innovation. Germ. presents some isolated nouns, a.o. OHG [[eiz]], NHG dial. [[Eis]] [[abscess]], [[ulcer]], PGm. <b class="b2">*aita-z</b>, IE <b class="b2">*oido-s</b> (<b class="b2">*aido-s</b>?; cf. formally close <b class="b3">οἶδος</b> n.); with <b class="b2">r-</b>suffix e.g. OHG [[eittar]] n. [[Eitar]]', PGm. <b class="b2">*aitra-</b> n. (cf. on <b class="b3">Οἰδίπους</b>), also in waternames, e.g. <b class="b2">Eiter-bach</b> (Krahe Beitr. z. Namenforsch. 7, 105 ff.). Isolated also Lat. [[aemidus]] (prob. after the synon. <b class="b2">tumi-dus</b>), in the vowel deviating from <b class="b3">οἰδέω</b> (ablaut [[oi]] : [[ai]]?, which could be <b class="b2">*h₂ei-</b>\/<b class="b2">h₂oi-</b>); the non-Greek. forms can further continue both IE [[oi]] and [[ai]]. -- The Slav. forms adduced are polyinterpretable: OCS [[jadъ]] [[poison]]; even more doubtful Russ. etc. <b class="b2">jadró</b>, PSl. <b class="b2">*jędro</b> <b class="b2">kernel, testicle etc.</b> (with nasal infix?). Also other nasalised forms wit zero grade have been connected, e.g. Skt. <b class="b2">índu-</b> m. [[drop]], Balt. rivernames like [[Indus]], [[Indura]]; all of it rather doubtful and for Greek unimportant. Further details w. rich lit. in WP. 1, 166f., Pok. 774, W.-Hofmann s. [[aemidus]], Vasmer s. <b class="b2">jád</b> and <b class="b2">jadró</b>, also Mayrhofer s. <b class="b2">índuḥ</b> and <b class="b2">Indraḥ</b>. | |||
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Revision as of 05:05, 3 January 2019
English (LSJ)
rarely οἰδάω, Plu.2.734f: impf.
A ᾤδεον Od.5.455 : aor. ᾤδησα Hp.Epid.2.1.7, 2.2.3, Pl.Phdr.251b : pf. ᾤδηκα, Dor. 3pl. -αντι Theoc.1.43 ; cf. ἀνοιδέω :—swell, become swollen, ᾤδεε δὲ χρόα πάντα he had all his body swollen, Od. l. c. ; οἰδῶν τὼ πόδε Ar.Ra.1192 ; τοὺς πόδας καὶ γαστέρα Men.544.4 ; τὰ σφύρ' ᾤδει Anaxil.36 ; ἔμβρυα οἰδέοντα Hp.Aër.7 ; ᾠδήκαντι κατ' αὐχένα ἶνες Theoc. l. c. ; of growing fruits, etc., ὀπώραν ἐντεταμένην καὶ οἰδῶσαν Plu. l. c. ; ᾤδησε . . ὁ τοῦ πτεροῦ καυλός Pl. l.c. II metaph., οἰδεόντων τῶν πρηγμάτων when affairs were in a ferment, Hdt.3.76, 127 ; οἰδεῖ καὶ ὕπουλός ἐστιν [ἡ πόλις], metaph. from a boil or abscess, Pl.Grg.518e ; τὸν δῆμον οἰδοῦντα καὶ θρασυνόμενον Plu.Sol.19 ; also, of inflated style, οἰδεῖν ὑπὸ κομπασμάτων Ar.Ra.940, cf. Plu.Cic.26.
Greek (Liddell-Scott)
οἰδέω: σπανίως οἰδάω, Πλούτ. ἔνθα κατωτ., πρβλ. οἰδάνω· παρατ. ᾤδεον, Ὀδ.· ἀόρ. ᾤδησα Ἱππ. 999F, Πλάτ., πρκμ. ᾤδηκα, Δωρ. γ΄ πληθ. -αντι Θεόκρ. 1. 43· πρβλ. ἀνοιδέω· (οἶδος). «Πρήσκομαι», φουσκώνω, Λατιν. tumere, turgere, ᾤδεε δὲ χρόα πάντα, ἅπαν τὸ σῶμά του ἦτο πρησμένον, Ὀδ. Ε. 455· οἰδεῖν τὼ πόδε Ἀριστοφ. Βάτρ. 1192· τοὺς πόδας καὶ γαστέρα οἰδοῦσιν Μένανδρ. ἐν «Δεισιδαίμονι» 4· οἰδέοντα ἔμβρυα Ἱππ. π. Ἀέρ. 284· ᾠδήκαντι κατ’ αὐχένα ἶνες Θεόκρ. 1. 43· ἐπὶ καρπῶν, ὀπώραν ἐντεταμένην καὶ οἰδῶσαν Πλούτ. 2. 734Ε· οὕτω, ᾤδησε ... ὁ τοῦ πτεροῦ καυλὸς Πλάτ. Φαῖδρ. 251Β. ΙΙ. μεταφ., ἐπὶ ὕφους, οἰδεῖν ὑπὸ κομπασμάτων Ἀριστοφ. Βάτρ. 940, πρβλ. Πλουτ. Κικ. 26· ὡσαύτως οἰδεόντων πρηγμάτων, ὅτε τὰ πράγματα ἦσαν ταραχώδη, ἐπὶ πολιτικῶν ἀκαταστασιῶν (ὡς τὸ Λατ. tument negotia παρὰ Κικ. πρὸς Ἀττ. 14. 4, 1, tumor rerum, αὐτόθι 14, 5, 2), Ἡρόδ. 3. 76, 127· οἰδεῖ καὶ ὕπουλός ἐστιν ἡ πόλις, κατὰ μεταφορᾶς ἐξ ὀγκώματος ἢ ἀποστήματος ἐν τῷ σώματι, Πλάτ. Γοργ. 518Ε· τὸν δῆμον οἰδοῦντα καὶ θρασυνόμενον Πλουτ. Σόλ. 19· - κύειν καὶ φλεγμαίνειν, ὁμοίως ἦσαν ἐν χρήσει. (Παρὰ μεταγενεστέροις μένει ἀναύξητον τὸ οἰδεῖν, Λοβ. Φρύν. 153).
French (Bailly abrégé)
-ῶ :
impf. ᾤδουν, f. οἰδήσω, ao. ᾤδησα, pf. ᾤδηκα;
1 s’enfler, se gonfler, grossir;
2 fig. se soulever, fermenter : πρήγματα οἰδέοντα HDT affaires en fermentation, révolution ou guerre imminente.
Étymologie: οἶδος.
English (Autenrieth)
ipf. ὤδεε: swell, be swollen, Od. 5.455†.
Greek Monotonic
οἰδέω: Επικ. παρατ. ᾤδεον, αόρ. αʹ ᾤδησα, παρακ. ᾤδηκα, Δωρ. γʹ πληθ. -αντι (οἶδος)·
I. πρήζομαι, διογκώνομαι, φουσκώνω, Λατ. tumere, ᾤδεε δὲ χρόα, όλο του το σώμα ήταν πρησμένο, σε Ομήρ. Οδ.· οἰδῶν τὼ πόδε, έχω πρησμένα πόδια, σε Αριστοφ.
II. μεταφ., λέγεται για αλαζονικό ύφος, στον ίδ.· επίσης, οἰδεόντων πρηγμάτων, όταν οι καιροί ήταν ταραχώδεις, πολιτικά ασταθείς (όπως το tument negotia στον Κικ.), σε Ηρόδ.
Russian (Dvoretsky)
οἰδέω: (pf. ᾤδηκα; дор. 3 л. pl. pf. ᾠδήκαντι)
1) набухать, пухнуть (χρόα πάντα Hom.; τὼ πόδε Arph.; οἰδησάσης τῆς πληγῆς Arst.);
2) волноваться, быть в смятении (οἰδεόντων τῶν πρηγμάτων Her.; οἰδεῖ ἡ πόλις Plat.; ὁ δῆμος οἰδῶν Plut.).
Frisk Etymological English
Grammatical information: v.
Meaning: to swell (ε 455).
Other forms: Also οἰδάω (Plu., Luc.), οἰδαίνω (hell. poet.); οἰδάνομαι, -ω (Ι 646 a. 554, Ar., A. R.), οἰδίσκομαι, -ω (medic.) swell resp. make swell, aor. οἰδῆσαι (IA.), rare οἰδῆναι (Q. S.: οἰδαίνω), perf. ὤδηκα (Hp., Theoc.);
Compounds: with prefix, esp. ἀν-οιδέω, -οιδίσκομαι, -οιδαίνω, also with δι-, ἐξ-.
Derivatives: 1. οἶδμα n. torrent of water (Il.), after κῦμα (Porzig Satzinhalte 242); cf. κυέω : κῦμα, δοκέω : δόγμα (if not from a lost primary verb; cf. below); οἰδματ-όεις flowing (A. Fr. 69 = 103 Mette, Opp.). 2. οἶδος n. swelling (Hp., Nic., Aret.); cf. κρατέω : κράτος. 3. οἴδ-ημα n. swelling (Hp., D.) with -ημάτιον (Hp., Aët.), -ηματώδης (medic.); (ἀν-, δι-, ἐξ- etc.) οίδησις f. bulge (Pl., medic., Thphr.). 4. (ἐπ-, ὑπ-)οιδαλέος swollen (Archil., Hp.: οἰδαίνω like κερδαλέος : κερδαίνω). 5. οἴδαξ m. unripe fig (Poll., Choerob.; from οἶδος or οἰδέω). 6. Backformations: ὕποιδος somewhat swollen (Gal.: ὑπ-οιδέω), ἐνοιδής swollen (Nic. : ἐν-οιδέω). -- On Οἰδίπους s. v.
Origin: IE [Indo-European] [774] *h₂eid-\/h₂oid- swell
Etymology: Of the presentforms only οἰδέω will be old. Through enlargement arose the causat. οἰδάνω with intr. οἰδάνομαι (cf. on Οἰδίπους), in the same way οἰδίσκομαι, -ω (Schwyzer 700 a. 709 f.); οἰδαίνω will be analog. after κυμαίνω, ὀργαίνω u.a., perh. also to οἰδῆσαι after κερδῆσαι : κερδαίνω a. o.; to οἰδῆσαι the late and rare οἰδάω. In οἰδέω some see an iterativ-intensive formation; but an agreeing primary verb is not attested. -- A certain cognate is Arm. ayt-nu-m swell with the primaryn aor. ayte-ay and the noun ayt (i-stem) cheek, IE *oidi- (poss. *aidi-; cf. below); the nu-present is an Arm. innovation. Germ. presents some isolated nouns, a.o. OHG eiz, NHG dial. Eis abscess, ulcer, PGm. *aita-z, IE *oido-s (*aido-s?; cf. formally close οἶδος n.); with r-suffix e.g. OHG eittar n. Eitar', PGm. *aitra- n. (cf. on Οἰδίπους), also in waternames, e.g. Eiter-bach (Krahe Beitr. z. Namenforsch. 7, 105 ff.). Isolated also Lat. aemidus (prob. after the synon. tumi-dus), in the vowel deviating from οἰδέω (ablaut oi : ai?, which could be *h₂ei-\/h₂oi-); the non-Greek. forms can further continue both IE oi and ai. -- The Slav. forms adduced are polyinterpretable: OCS jadъ poison; even more doubtful Russ. etc. jadró, PSl. *jędro kernel, testicle etc. (with nasal infix?). Also other nasalised forms wit zero grade have been connected, e.g. Skt. índu- m. drop, Balt. rivernames like Indus, Indura; all of it rather doubtful and for Greek unimportant. Further details w. rich lit. in WP. 1, 166f., Pok. 774, W.-Hofmann s. aemidus, Vasmer s. jád and jadró, also Mayrhofer s. índuḥ and Indraḥ.