δύναμις: Difference between revisions
κείνους δὲ κλαίω ξυμφορᾷ κεχρημένους (Euripides' Medea 347) → I weep for those who have suffered disaster
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|Definition=[<b class="b3">ῠ], ἡ</b>, gen. εως, Ion. ιος, Ion. dat. <b class="b3">δυνάμι</b> : (δύναμαι):— <span class="sense"><p> <span class="bld">A</span> <b class="b2">power, might</b>, in Hom., esp. of <b class="b2">bodily strength</b>, εἴ μοι δ. γε παρείη <span class="bibl">Od. 2.62</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">Il.8.294</span>; οἵη ἐμὴ δ. καὶ χεῖρες <span class="bibl">Od.20.237</span>; ἡ δ. τῶν νέων <span class="bibl">Antipho 4.3.2</span>, etc.: generally, <b class="b2">strength, power, ability</b> to do anything, <b class="b3">πὰρ δύναμιν</b> beyond one's <b class="b2">strength</b>, <span class="bibl">Il.13.787</span>; in Prose, παρὰ δ. τολμηταί <span class="bibl">Th.1.70</span>, etc.; ὑπὲρ δ. <span class="bibl">D.18.193</span>; opp. <b class="b3">κατὰ δ</b>. as far as <b class="b2">lies in one</b>, <span class="bibl">Hdt.3.142</span>, etc. (κὰδ δ. <span class="bibl">Hes.<span class="title">Op.</span>336</span>); εἰς δύναμιν <span class="bibl">Cratin. 172</span>, <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">R.</span> 458e</span>, etc.; πρὸς τὴν δ. <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Phdr.</span>231a</span>. </span><span class="sense"> <span class="bld">2</span> <b class="b2">outward power, influence, authority</b>, <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Pers.</span>174</span> (anap.), <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Ag.</span>779</span> (lyr.); καταπαύσαντα τὴν Κύρου δ. <span class="bibl">Hdt.1.90</span>; δυνάμει προὔχοντες <span class="bibl">Th.7.21</span>, etc.; <b class="b3">ἐν δ. εἶναι, γενέσθαι</b>, <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">HG</span>4.4.5</span>, <span class="bibl">D.13.29</span>. </span><span class="sense"> <span class="bld">3</span> <b class="b2">force for war, forces</b>, δ. ἀνδρῶν <span class="bibl">Hdt.5.100</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Mx.</span>240d</span>, <span class="bibl">Plb.1.41.2</span>, <span class="bibl">LXX <span class="title">Ge.</span>21.22</span>, <span class="title">OGI</span>139.8 (ii B. C.); <b class="b3">μετὰ</b> <b class="b3">δυνάμεων ἱκανῶν</b> Wilcken <span class="title">Chr.</span>10 (ii B. C.), etc.; δ. καὶ πεζὴ καὶ ἱππικὴ καὶ ναυτική <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">An.</span>1.3.12</span>; <b class="b3">πέντε δυνάμεσι πεφρουρημένον</b>, of the five projecting rows of sarissae in the phalanx, Ascl.<span class="title">Tact.</span>5.2,al. </span><span class="sense"> <span class="bld">4</span> <b class="b2">a power, quantity</b>, χρημάτων δ. <span class="bibl">Hdt.7.9</span>.ά. </span><span class="sense"> <span class="bld">5</span> <b class="b2">means</b>, κατὰ δύναμιν <span class="bibl">Arist.<span class="title">EE</span>1243b12</span>; opp. <b class="b3">παρὰ δ</b>., <span class="bibl"><span class="title">2 Ep.Cor.</span>8.3</span>; κατὰ δ. τῶν ὑπαρχόντων <span class="bibl"><span class="title">BGU</span>1051.17</span> (Aug.). </span><span class="sense"> <span class="bld">II</span> <b class="b2">power, faculty, capacity</b>, αἱ ἀμφὶ τὸ σῶμα δ. <span class="bibl">Hp.<span class="title">VM</span>14</span>; αἱ τοῦ σώματος δυνάμεις <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Tht.</span>185e</span>; ἡ τῆς ὄψεως δ. <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">R.</span> 532a</span>; ἡ τῶν λεγόντων δ. <span class="bibl">D.22.11</span>: c. gen. rei, <b class="b2">capacity for</b>, τῶν ἔργων <span class="bibl">Arist.<span class="title">Pol.</span>1309a35</span>; τοῦ λέγειν <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Rh.</span>1362b22</span>; <b class="b3">τοῦ λόγου, τῶν λόγων</b>, <span class="bibl">Men.578</span>, <span class="bibl">Alex.94</span>; δ. στρατηγική <span class="bibl">Plb.1.84.6</span>; δ. ἐν πραγματείᾳ <span class="bibl">Id.2.56.5</span>; δ. συνθετική <span class="bibl">D.H.<span class="title">Comp.</span>2</span>: abs., any <b class="b2">natural capacity</b> or <b class="b2">faculty</b>, that may be improved and may be used for good or ill, <span class="bibl">Arist.<span class="title">Top.</span> 126a37</span>, cf. <span class="bibl"><span class="title">MM</span>1183b28</span>. </span><span class="sense"> <span class="bld">2</span> <b class="b2">elementary force</b>, such as heat, cold, etc., <span class="bibl">Hp.<span class="title">VM</span>16</span>, <span class="bibl">Arist.<span class="title">PA</span>646a14</span>; <b class="b3">ἡ τοῦ θερμοῦ δ</b>.ib.<span class="bibl">650a5</span>; θερμαντικὴ δ. <span class="bibl">Epicur.<span class="title">Fr.</span>60</span>, cf. Polystr.<span class="bibl">p.23</span> W. </span><span class="sense"> <span class="bld">b</span> <b class="b2">property, quality</b>, ἰδίην δύναμιν καὶ φύσιν ἔχειν <span class="bibl">Hp.<span class="title">VM</span>13</span>, cf. <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Nat.Hom.</span>5</span>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Vict.</span>1.10</span>; esp. of the <b class="b2">natural properties</b> of plants, etc., <b class="b3">αἱ δ. τῶν φυομένων, τῶν σπερμάτων</b>, <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">Cyr.</span>8.8.14</span>, <span class="bibl">Thphr.<span class="title">HP</span>8.11.1</span>; <b class="b2">productive power</b>, τῆς γῆς Id.<span class="title">Oec.</span>16.4; μετάλλων Id.<span class="title">Vect.</span>4.1: generally, <b class="b2">function, faculty</b>, <b class="b3">δύναμις φυσική, ζωική, ψυχική</b>, Gal.10.635; <b class="b3">περὶ φυσικῶν δ</b>., title of work by Galen. </span><span class="sense"> <span class="bld">c</span> in pl., <b class="b2">agencies</b>, <b class="b3">ὑπάρχειν ἐν τῇ φύσει τὰς τοιαύτας δυνάμεις</b> (sc. the gods) Polystr.p.10 W. </span><span class="sense"> <span class="bld">d</span> <b class="b2">function, meaning</b>, of part in whole, Id.p.17 W. </span><span class="sense"> <span class="bld">e</span> in Music, <b class="b2">function, value</b>, of a note in the scale, δ. ἐστι τάξις φθόγγου ἐν συστήματι <span class="bibl">Cleonid.<span class="title">Harm.</span>14</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">Aristox.<span class="title">Harm.</span>p.69M.</span>; <b class="b3">μέση κατὰ δύναμιν</b>, opp. <b class="b3">κατὰ θέσιν</b>, <span class="bibl">Ptol. <span class="title">Harm.</span>2.5</span>. </span><span class="sense"> <span class="bld">3</span> <b class="b2">faculty, art</b>, or <b class="b2">craft</b>, <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">R.</span>532d</span>, <span class="bibl">Arist.<span class="title">Metaph.</span> 1018a30</span>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">EN</span>1094a10</span>, <span class="bibl">Arr.<span class="title">Epict.</span>1.1.1</span>; <b class="b3">δ. σκεπτική</b> the <b class="b2">doctrine</b> of the Sceptics, <span class="bibl">S.E.<span class="title">M.</span>7.1</span>. </span><span class="sense"> <span class="bld">4</span> <b class="b2">a medicine</b>, <span class="bibl">Timostr.7</span>, etc.; δ. ἁπλαῖ <span class="bibl">Hp.<span class="title">Decent.</span>9</span>, <span class="bibl">Aret.<span class="title">CD</span>1.4</span>, etc.; δ. πολυφάρμακοι Plu.2.403c, Gal.13.365: in pl., <b class="b2">collection of formulae</b> or <b class="b2">prescriptions</b>, <span class="bibl">Orib.10.33</span>. </span><span class="sense"> <span class="bld">b</span> <b class="b2">action</b> of medicines, <b class="b3">περὶ τῆς ἁπλῶν φαρμάκων δ</b>., title of work by Galen; also, <b class="b2">potency</b>, <b class="b3">δυνάμει θερμά, ψυχρά</b>, <span class="bibl">Id.1.672</span>, al. </span><span class="sense"> <span class="bld">5</span> <b class="b2">magically potent substance</b> or <b class="b2">object</b>, PMag.Leid.V.8.12: in pl., <b class="b2">magical powers</b>, <span class="bibl">Hld.4.7</span>. </span><span class="sense"> <span class="bld">III</span> <b class="b2">force</b> or <b class="b2">meaning</b> of a word, <span class="bibl">Lys.10.7</span>, <span class="bibl">Pl. <span class="title">Cra.</span>394b</span>, <span class="bibl">Diog.Oen.12</span>, <span class="bibl">Phld.<span class="title">Sign.</span>31</span>, etc. </span><span class="sense"> <span class="bld">b</span> phonetic <b class="b2">value</b> of sounds or letters, <span class="bibl">Plb.10.47.8</span>, <span class="bibl">D.H.<span class="title">Comp.</span>12</span>, <span class="bibl">Luc.<span class="title">Jud.Voc.</span>5</span>, etc. </span><span class="sense"> <span class="bld">2</span> <b class="b2">worth</b> or <b class="b2">value</b> of money, <span class="bibl">Th.6.46</span>,<span class="bibl">2.97</span>, <span class="bibl">Plu.<span class="title">Lyc.</span>9</span>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Sol.</span> 15</span>. </span><span class="sense"> <span class="bld">IV</span> <b class="b2">capability of existing</b> or <b class="b2">acting, potentiality</b>, opp. <b class="b2">actuality</b> (ἐνέργεια), <span class="bibl">Arist.<span class="title">Metaph.</span>1047b31</span>, <span class="bibl">1051a5</span>, etc.: hence <b class="b3">δυνάμει</b> as Adv., <b class="b2">virtually</b>, ὕστερον ὂν τῇ τάξει, πρότερον τῇ δυνάμει . . ἐστί <span class="bibl">D.3.15</span>; opp. <b class="b3">ἐνεργείᾳ</b>, <span class="bibl">Arist.<span class="title">APo.</span>86a28</span>, al.; opp. <b class="b3">ἐντελεχείᾳ</b>, <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Ph.</span>193b8</span>, al. </span><span class="sense"> <span class="bld">V</span> Math., <b class="b2">power</b>, κατὰ μεταφορὰν ἡ ἐν γεωμετρίᾳ λέγεται δ. <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Metaph.</span>1019b33</span>; usu. <b class="b2">second power, square</b>, <b class="b3">κατὰ δύναμιν</b> in <b class="b2">square</b>, <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Ti.</span>54b</span>, cf. <span class="title">Theol.Ar.</span>11, etc.: chiefly in dat., [<b class="b3">εὐθεῖα] δυνάμει ἴση</b> a line <b class="b2">the square</b> on which is equal to an area, ἡ BA <b class="b3">ἐλάσσων ἐστὶν ἢ διπλασίων δυνάμει τῆς</b> AK the <b class="b2">square</b> on BA is less than double of the <b class="b2">square</b> on AK, <span class="bibl">Archim.<span class="title">Sph.Cyl.</span>2.9</span>: <b class="b3">εὐθεῖαι δ. σύμμετροι</b> commensurable <b class="b2">in square</b>, <span class="bibl">Euc.10</span><span class="title">Def.</span>2; <b class="b3">ἡ δυνάμει δεκάς</b> the series 12 + 22 . . . + 102, <span class="title">Theol.Ar.</span>64. </span><span class="sense"> <span class="bld">b</span> <b class="b2">square number</b>, <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Ti.</span>32a</span>. </span><span class="sense"> <span class="bld">c</span> <b class="b2">square</b> of an unknown quantity (<span class="bibl">x2</span>), Dioph.<span class="title">Def.</span>2, al. </span><span class="sense"> <span class="bld">2</span> <b class="b2">square root</b> of a number which is not a perfect square, <b class="b2">surd</b>, opp. <b class="b3">μῆκος</b>, <span class="bibl">Pl. <span class="title">Tht.</span>147d</span>. </span><span class="sense"> <span class="bld">3</span> <b class="b2">product</b> of two numbers, <b class="b3">ἡ ἀμφοῖν</b> (sc. <b class="b3">τριάδος καὶ δυάδος</b>) δ. ἑξάς <span class="bibl">Ph.1.3</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">Iamb.<span class="title">in Nic.</span>p.108</span> P.; <b class="b3">δυνάμει</b> <b class="b2">in product</b>, <span class="bibl">Hero <span class="title">Metr.</span>1.15</span>, <span class="title">Theol.Ar.</span>33. </span><span class="sense"> <span class="bld">VI</span> concrete, <b class="b2">powers</b>, esp. of divine beings, αἱ δ. τῶν οὐρανῶν <span class="bibl">LXX <span class="title">Is.</span>34.4</span>, cf. <span class="bibl"><span class="title">1 Ep.Pet.</span>3.22</span>, al., <span class="bibl">Ph.1.587</span>, <span class="title">Corp.Herm.</span>1.26, <span class="bibl">Porph.<span class="title">Abst.</span>2.34</span>: sg., <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Act.Ap.</span>8.10</span>, <span class="title">PMag.Par.</span>1.1275; <b class="b3">πολυώνυμος δ</b>., of God, <span class="bibl">Secund.<span class="title">Sent.</span>3</span>. </span><span class="sense"> <span class="bld">VII</span> <b class="b2">manifestation of divine power, miracle</b>, Ev.Matt.11.21, al., Buresch <b class="b2">Aus Lydien</b> 113, etc.</span> | |Definition=[<b class="b3">ῠ], ἡ</b>, gen. εως, Ion. ιος, Ion. dat. <b class="b3">δυνάμι</b> : (δύναμαι):— <span class="sense"><p> <span class="bld">A</span> <b class="b2">power, might</b>, in Hom., esp. of <b class="b2">bodily strength</b>, εἴ μοι δ. γε παρείη <span class="bibl">Od. 2.62</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">Il.8.294</span>; οἵη ἐμὴ δ. καὶ χεῖρες <span class="bibl">Od.20.237</span>; ἡ δ. τῶν νέων <span class="bibl">Antipho 4.3.2</span>, etc.: generally, <b class="b2">strength, power, ability</b> to do anything, <b class="b3">πὰρ δύναμιν</b> beyond one's <b class="b2">strength</b>, <span class="bibl">Il.13.787</span>; in Prose, παρὰ δ. τολμηταί <span class="bibl">Th.1.70</span>, etc.; ὑπὲρ δ. <span class="bibl">D.18.193</span>; opp. <b class="b3">κατὰ δ</b>. as far as <b class="b2">lies in one</b>, <span class="bibl">Hdt.3.142</span>, etc. (κὰδ δ. <span class="bibl">Hes.<span class="title">Op.</span>336</span>); εἰς δύναμιν <span class="bibl">Cratin. 172</span>, <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">R.</span> 458e</span>, etc.; πρὸς τὴν δ. <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Phdr.</span>231a</span>. </span><span class="sense"> <span class="bld">2</span> <b class="b2">outward power, influence, authority</b>, <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Pers.</span>174</span> (anap.), <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Ag.</span>779</span> (lyr.); καταπαύσαντα τὴν Κύρου δ. <span class="bibl">Hdt.1.90</span>; δυνάμει προὔχοντες <span class="bibl">Th.7.21</span>, etc.; <b class="b3">ἐν δ. εἶναι, γενέσθαι</b>, <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">HG</span>4.4.5</span>, <span class="bibl">D.13.29</span>. </span><span class="sense"> <span class="bld">3</span> <b class="b2">force for war, forces</b>, δ. ἀνδρῶν <span class="bibl">Hdt.5.100</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Mx.</span>240d</span>, <span class="bibl">Plb.1.41.2</span>, <span class="bibl">LXX <span class="title">Ge.</span>21.22</span>, <span class="title">OGI</span>139.8 (ii B. C.); <b class="b3">μετὰ</b> <b class="b3">δυνάμεων ἱκανῶν</b> Wilcken <span class="title">Chr.</span>10 (ii B. C.), etc.; δ. καὶ πεζὴ καὶ ἱππικὴ καὶ ναυτική <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">An.</span>1.3.12</span>; <b class="b3">πέντε δυνάμεσι πεφρουρημένον</b>, of the five projecting rows of sarissae in the phalanx, Ascl.<span class="title">Tact.</span>5.2,al. </span><span class="sense"> <span class="bld">4</span> <b class="b2">a power, quantity</b>, χρημάτων δ. <span class="bibl">Hdt.7.9</span>.ά. </span><span class="sense"> <span class="bld">5</span> <b class="b2">means</b>, κατὰ δύναμιν <span class="bibl">Arist.<span class="title">EE</span>1243b12</span>; opp. <b class="b3">παρὰ δ</b>., <span class="bibl"><span class="title">2 Ep.Cor.</span>8.3</span>; κατὰ δ. τῶν ὑπαρχόντων <span class="bibl"><span class="title">BGU</span>1051.17</span> (Aug.). </span><span class="sense"> <span class="bld">II</span> <b class="b2">power, faculty, capacity</b>, αἱ ἀμφὶ τὸ σῶμα δ. <span class="bibl">Hp.<span class="title">VM</span>14</span>; αἱ τοῦ σώματος δυνάμεις <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Tht.</span>185e</span>; ἡ τῆς ὄψεως δ. <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">R.</span> 532a</span>; ἡ τῶν λεγόντων δ. <span class="bibl">D.22.11</span>: c. gen. rei, <b class="b2">capacity for</b>, τῶν ἔργων <span class="bibl">Arist.<span class="title">Pol.</span>1309a35</span>; τοῦ λέγειν <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Rh.</span>1362b22</span>; <b class="b3">τοῦ λόγου, τῶν λόγων</b>, <span class="bibl">Men.578</span>, <span class="bibl">Alex.94</span>; δ. στρατηγική <span class="bibl">Plb.1.84.6</span>; δ. ἐν πραγματείᾳ <span class="bibl">Id.2.56.5</span>; δ. συνθετική <span class="bibl">D.H.<span class="title">Comp.</span>2</span>: abs., any <b class="b2">natural capacity</b> or <b class="b2">faculty</b>, that may be improved and may be used for good or ill, <span class="bibl">Arist.<span class="title">Top.</span> 126a37</span>, cf. <span class="bibl"><span class="title">MM</span>1183b28</span>. </span><span class="sense"> <span class="bld">2</span> <b class="b2">elementary force</b>, such as heat, cold, etc., <span class="bibl">Hp.<span class="title">VM</span>16</span>, <span class="bibl">Arist.<span class="title">PA</span>646a14</span>; <b class="b3">ἡ τοῦ θερμοῦ δ</b>.ib.<span class="bibl">650a5</span>; θερμαντικὴ δ. <span class="bibl">Epicur.<span class="title">Fr.</span>60</span>, cf. Polystr.<span class="bibl">p.23</span> W. </span><span class="sense"> <span class="bld">b</span> <b class="b2">property, quality</b>, ἰδίην δύναμιν καὶ φύσιν ἔχειν <span class="bibl">Hp.<span class="title">VM</span>13</span>, cf. <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Nat.Hom.</span>5</span>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Vict.</span>1.10</span>; esp. of the <b class="b2">natural properties</b> of plants, etc., <b class="b3">αἱ δ. τῶν φυομένων, τῶν σπερμάτων</b>, <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">Cyr.</span>8.8.14</span>, <span class="bibl">Thphr.<span class="title">HP</span>8.11.1</span>; <b class="b2">productive power</b>, τῆς γῆς Id.<span class="title">Oec.</span>16.4; μετάλλων Id.<span class="title">Vect.</span>4.1: generally, <b class="b2">function, faculty</b>, <b class="b3">δύναμις φυσική, ζωική, ψυχική</b>, Gal.10.635; <b class="b3">περὶ φυσικῶν δ</b>., title of work by Galen. </span><span class="sense"> <span class="bld">c</span> in pl., <b class="b2">agencies</b>, <b class="b3">ὑπάρχειν ἐν τῇ φύσει τὰς τοιαύτας δυνάμεις</b> (sc. the gods) Polystr.p.10 W. </span><span class="sense"> <span class="bld">d</span> <b class="b2">function, meaning</b>, of part in whole, Id.p.17 W. </span><span class="sense"> <span class="bld">e</span> in Music, <b class="b2">function, value</b>, of a note in the scale, δ. ἐστι τάξις φθόγγου ἐν συστήματι <span class="bibl">Cleonid.<span class="title">Harm.</span>14</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">Aristox.<span class="title">Harm.</span>p.69M.</span>; <b class="b3">μέση κατὰ δύναμιν</b>, opp. <b class="b3">κατὰ θέσιν</b>, <span class="bibl">Ptol. <span class="title">Harm.</span>2.5</span>. </span><span class="sense"> <span class="bld">3</span> <b class="b2">faculty, art</b>, or <b class="b2">craft</b>, <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">R.</span>532d</span>, <span class="bibl">Arist.<span class="title">Metaph.</span> 1018a30</span>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">EN</span>1094a10</span>, <span class="bibl">Arr.<span class="title">Epict.</span>1.1.1</span>; <b class="b3">δ. σκεπτική</b> the <b class="b2">doctrine</b> of the Sceptics, <span class="bibl">S.E.<span class="title">M.</span>7.1</span>. </span><span class="sense"> <span class="bld">4</span> <b class="b2">a medicine</b>, <span class="bibl">Timostr.7</span>, etc.; δ. ἁπλαῖ <span class="bibl">Hp.<span class="title">Decent.</span>9</span>, <span class="bibl">Aret.<span class="title">CD</span>1.4</span>, etc.; δ. πολυφάρμακοι Plu.2.403c, Gal.13.365: in pl., <b class="b2">collection of formulae</b> or <b class="b2">prescriptions</b>, <span class="bibl">Orib.10.33</span>. </span><span class="sense"> <span class="bld">b</span> <b class="b2">action</b> of medicines, <b class="b3">περὶ τῆς ἁπλῶν φαρμάκων δ</b>., title of work by Galen; also, <b class="b2">potency</b>, <b class="b3">δυνάμει θερμά, ψυχρά</b>, <span class="bibl">Id.1.672</span>, al. </span><span class="sense"> <span class="bld">5</span> <b class="b2">magically potent substance</b> or <b class="b2">object</b>, PMag.Leid.V.8.12: in pl., <b class="b2">magical powers</b>, <span class="bibl">Hld.4.7</span>. </span><span class="sense"> <span class="bld">III</span> <b class="b2">force</b> or <b class="b2">meaning</b> of a word, <span class="bibl">Lys.10.7</span>, <span class="bibl">Pl. <span class="title">Cra.</span>394b</span>, <span class="bibl">Diog.Oen.12</span>, <span class="bibl">Phld.<span class="title">Sign.</span>31</span>, etc. </span><span class="sense"> <span class="bld">b</span> phonetic <b class="b2">value</b> of sounds or letters, <span class="bibl">Plb.10.47.8</span>, <span class="bibl">D.H.<span class="title">Comp.</span>12</span>, <span class="bibl">Luc.<span class="title">Jud.Voc.</span>5</span>, etc. </span><span class="sense"> <span class="bld">2</span> <b class="b2">worth</b> or <b class="b2">value</b> of money, <span class="bibl">Th.6.46</span>,<span class="bibl">2.97</span>, <span class="bibl">Plu.<span class="title">Lyc.</span>9</span>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Sol.</span> 15</span>. </span><span class="sense"> <span class="bld">IV</span> <b class="b2">capability of existing</b> or <b class="b2">acting, potentiality</b>, opp. <b class="b2">actuality</b> (ἐνέργεια), <span class="bibl">Arist.<span class="title">Metaph.</span>1047b31</span>, <span class="bibl">1051a5</span>, etc.: hence <b class="b3">δυνάμει</b> as Adv., <b class="b2">virtually</b>, ὕστερον ὂν τῇ τάξει, πρότερον τῇ δυνάμει . . ἐστί <span class="bibl">D.3.15</span>; opp. <b class="b3">ἐνεργείᾳ</b>, <span class="bibl">Arist.<span class="title">APo.</span>86a28</span>, al.; opp. <b class="b3">ἐντελεχείᾳ</b>, <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Ph.</span>193b8</span>, al. </span><span class="sense"> <span class="bld">V</span> Math., <b class="b2">power</b>, κατὰ μεταφορὰν ἡ ἐν γεωμετρίᾳ λέγεται δ. <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Metaph.</span>1019b33</span>; usu. <b class="b2">second power, square</b>, <b class="b3">κατὰ δύναμιν</b> in <b class="b2">square</b>, <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Ti.</span>54b</span>, cf. <span class="title">Theol.Ar.</span>11, etc.: chiefly in dat., [<b class="b3">εὐθεῖα] δυνάμει ἴση</b> a line <b class="b2">the square</b> on which is equal to an area, ἡ BA <b class="b3">ἐλάσσων ἐστὶν ἢ διπλασίων δυνάμει τῆς</b> AK the <b class="b2">square</b> on BA is less than double of the <b class="b2">square</b> on AK, <span class="bibl">Archim.<span class="title">Sph.Cyl.</span>2.9</span>: <b class="b3">εὐθεῖαι δ. σύμμετροι</b> commensurable <b class="b2">in square</b>, <span class="bibl">Euc.10</span><span class="title">Def.</span>2; <b class="b3">ἡ δυνάμει δεκάς</b> the series 12 + 22 . . . + 102, <span class="title">Theol.Ar.</span>64. </span><span class="sense"> <span class="bld">b</span> <b class="b2">square number</b>, <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Ti.</span>32a</span>. </span><span class="sense"> <span class="bld">c</span> <b class="b2">square</b> of an unknown quantity (<span class="bibl">x2</span>), Dioph.<span class="title">Def.</span>2, al. </span><span class="sense"> <span class="bld">2</span> <b class="b2">square root</b> of a number which is not a perfect square, <b class="b2">surd</b>, opp. <b class="b3">μῆκος</b>, <span class="bibl">Pl. <span class="title">Tht.</span>147d</span>. </span><span class="sense"> <span class="bld">3</span> <b class="b2">product</b> of two numbers, <b class="b3">ἡ ἀμφοῖν</b> (sc. <b class="b3">τριάδος καὶ δυάδος</b>) δ. ἑξάς <span class="bibl">Ph.1.3</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">Iamb.<span class="title">in Nic.</span>p.108</span> P.; <b class="b3">δυνάμει</b> <b class="b2">in product</b>, <span class="bibl">Hero <span class="title">Metr.</span>1.15</span>, <span class="title">Theol.Ar.</span>33. </span><span class="sense"> <span class="bld">VI</span> concrete, <b class="b2">powers</b>, esp. of divine beings, αἱ δ. τῶν οὐρανῶν <span class="bibl">LXX <span class="title">Is.</span>34.4</span>, cf. <span class="bibl"><span class="title">1 Ep.Pet.</span>3.22</span>, al., <span class="bibl">Ph.1.587</span>, <span class="title">Corp.Herm.</span>1.26, <span class="bibl">Porph.<span class="title">Abst.</span>2.34</span>: sg., <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Act.Ap.</span>8.10</span>, <span class="title">PMag.Par.</span>1.1275; <b class="b3">πολυώνυμος δ</b>., of God, <span class="bibl">Secund.<span class="title">Sent.</span>3</span>. </span><span class="sense"> <span class="bld">VII</span> <b class="b2">manifestation of divine power, miracle</b>, Ev.Matt.11.21, al., Buresch <b class="b2">Aus Lydien</b> 113, etc.</span> | ||
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|ptext=[[https://www.translatum.gr/images/pape/pape-01-0672.png Seite 672]] εως, ἡ, <b class="b2">Vermögen, Kraft</b>; von Homer an überall. Homer z. B. Odyss. 2, 62 ἦ τ' ἂν ἀμυναίμην, εἴ μοι δύναμίς γε παρείη; Iliad. 8, 294 οὐ μέν τοι, ὅση δύναμίς γε πάριστιν, παύομαι; Odyss. 10, 69 ἀκέσασθε, φίλοι· [[δύναμις]] γὰρ ἐν ὑμῖν; 3, 205 αἲ γὰρ ἐμοὶ τοσσήνδε θεοὶ δύναμιν παραθεῖεν, τίσασθαι μνηστῆρας; 20, 237 γνοίης χ' οἳη ἐμὴ [[δύναμις]] καὶ χεῖρες ἕπονται; Iliad. 23, 891 ὅσσον δυνάμει τε καὶ ἥμασιν ἔπλευ [[ἄριστος]]; 13, 786. 787 [[οὐδέ]] τί φημι ἀλκῆς δευήσεσθαι, ὅση δύναμίς γε πάρεστιν. πὰρ δύναμιν δ' οὐκ ἔστι καὶ ἐσσύμενον πολεμίζειν. – Folgende: 1) Vermögen, <b class="b2">Kraft</b>; – a) zunächst <b class="b2">Körperkraft</b>; αἱ τοῦ σώματος δυναμεις Plat. Theaet. 185 e; εἰ ἔτι ἐν δυνάμει ἦν τοῦ πορεύεσθαι, wenn ich noch die Kraft hätte, Rep. I, 328 c. – b) <b class="b2">in geistiger</b> Beziehung, Kraft, <b class="b2">Talent</b>, Fertigkeit; ἡ τἀγαθοῦ δύν., ἡ σοφιστικὴ δύν., Plat. Phil. 64 e Soph. 233 a; ἡγεμονική, Geschicklichkeit, Pol. 10, 22, 4. 1, 84, 6, der σωματικαὶ καὶ θυμικαὶ δ. vrbdt, 6, 7, 3; ἡ τῶν λεγόντων δ., Beredsamkeit, Dem. 22, 11 u. A.; ἡ τῶν λόγων δ. ist sowohl Kraft der Rede, als Redefertigkeit, Arist. rhet. 1, 1; δύναμιν ἔχειν [[πρός]] τι, Isocr. 2, 12. – c) allgem., <b class="b2">Vermögen</b>; εἰς δύναμιν, nach Vermögen, nach besten Kräften, Plat. Polit. 273 b, oft, wie Folgde; auch εἰς δύναμιν ὅτι [[μάλιστα]], Plat. Rep. V, 458 e; eben so κατὰ δύναμιν, Phaedr. 249 c; κὰδ δύναμιν Hes. O. 834; κατὰ δύναμιν ὅτι [[μάλιστα]] διὰ βραχέων, Polit. 279 c; πρὸς τὴν δύναμιν τὴν αὑτῶν, Phaedr. 231 a; Ggstz ὑπὲρ δύναμιν, über Vermögen, Dem. 18, 193. – 2) Ansehen u. Einfluß im Staate, <b class="b2">politische Macht</b>; τῇ δυνάμει πρῶτοι Thuc. 7, 21; oft bei den Rednern; ἐν δυνάμει εἶναι, γίγνεσθαι, in Ansehen stehen; Xen. Hell. 4, 4, 5; Dem. 13, 29. Auch = ein obrigkeitliches Amt, Xen. – 3) <b class="b2">Heeresmacht</b>, das <b class="b2">Heer</b>, die <b class="b2">Truppen</b>, im sing. u. im plur.; δεξάμενοι τὴν τῶν βαρβάρων δύναμιν Plat. Menex. 240 d; δ. ναυτική, πεζική, ἱππική, Xen. An. 1, 3, 12; u. so oft bei den Historikern. – 4) von der Arznei, die <b class="b2">Heilkraft</b>; Medic. Auch die <b class="b2">Heilmittel</b> selbst heißen δυνάμεις, wie B. A, p. 91 δυνάμεις τὰ τῶν ἰατρῶν φάρμακα. S. D. Sic. 1, 97. 4, 51; Plut. u. A. Vgl. Bast zu Greg. Cor. 907. – 5) der <b class="b2">Werth, Gehalt</b> einer Münze, Thuc. 6, 46 u. Sp.; δύναμιν ὀλίγην τῷ νομίσματι ἔδωκε Plut. Lyc. 9; Sol. 15. Dah. = die <b class="b2">Bdtg</b> eines <b class="b2">Wortes</b>; ὀνόματα τὴν αὐτὴν δύναμιν ἔχοντα Lys. 10, 7; Plat. Crat. 394 b u. öfter; οὐκ εἰδότες, [[τίνα]] δύναμιν ἔχει [[ταῦτα]], was dies zu bedeuten hat, Pol. 3, 20, 5. Aehnl. τὸ εὐσεβὲς καὶ τὸ δίκαιον ἄν τ' ἐπὶ μικροῦ ἄν τ' ἐπί μείζονος παραβαίνῃ, τὴν αὐτὴν δύναμιν ἔχει, hat dieselbe Bedeutung, ist gleich, Dem. 9, 16. – Die <b class="b2">Möglichkeit</b>; entggstzt [[ἐνέργεια]], [[ἐντελέχεια]], oft Arist. – 6) in der Mathematik das <b class="b2">Quadrat</b> einer Zahl, einer Linie, Plat. Theaet. 198 b. | |||
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Revision as of 19:55, 2 August 2017
English (LSJ)
[ῠ], ἡ, gen. εως, Ion. ιος, Ion. dat. δυνάμι : (δύναμαι):—
A power, might, in Hom., esp. of bodily strength, εἴ μοι δ. γε παρείη Od. 2.62, cf. Il.8.294; οἵη ἐμὴ δ. καὶ χεῖρες Od.20.237; ἡ δ. τῶν νέων Antipho 4.3.2, etc.: generally, strength, power, ability to do anything, πὰρ δύναμιν beyond one's strength, Il.13.787; in Prose, παρὰ δ. τολμηταί Th.1.70, etc.; ὑπὲρ δ. D.18.193; opp. κατὰ δ. as far as lies in one, Hdt.3.142, etc. (κὰδ δ. Hes.Op.336); εἰς δύναμιν Cratin. 172, Pl.R. 458e, etc.; πρὸς τὴν δ. Id.Phdr.231a. 2 outward power, influence, authority, A.Pers.174 (anap.), Ag.779 (lyr.); καταπαύσαντα τὴν Κύρου δ. Hdt.1.90; δυνάμει προὔχοντες Th.7.21, etc.; ἐν δ. εἶναι, γενέσθαι, X.HG4.4.5, D.13.29. 3 force for war, forces, δ. ἀνδρῶν Hdt.5.100, cf. Pl.Mx.240d, Plb.1.41.2, LXX Ge.21.22, OGI139.8 (ii B. C.); μετὰ δυνάμεων ἱκανῶν Wilcken Chr.10 (ii B. C.), etc.; δ. καὶ πεζὴ καὶ ἱππικὴ καὶ ναυτική X.An.1.3.12; πέντε δυνάμεσι πεφρουρημένον, of the five projecting rows of sarissae in the phalanx, Ascl.Tact.5.2,al. 4 a power, quantity, χρημάτων δ. Hdt.7.9.ά. 5 means, κατὰ δύναμιν Arist.EE1243b12; opp. παρὰ δ., 2 Ep.Cor.8.3; κατὰ δ. τῶν ὑπαρχόντων BGU1051.17 (Aug.). II power, faculty, capacity, αἱ ἀμφὶ τὸ σῶμα δ. Hp.VM14; αἱ τοῦ σώματος δυνάμεις Pl.Tht.185e; ἡ τῆς ὄψεως δ. Id.R. 532a; ἡ τῶν λεγόντων δ. D.22.11: c. gen. rei, capacity for, τῶν ἔργων Arist.Pol.1309a35; τοῦ λέγειν Id.Rh.1362b22; τοῦ λόγου, τῶν λόγων, Men.578, Alex.94; δ. στρατηγική Plb.1.84.6; δ. ἐν πραγματείᾳ Id.2.56.5; δ. συνθετική D.H.Comp.2: abs., any natural capacity or faculty, that may be improved and may be used for good or ill, Arist.Top. 126a37, cf. MM1183b28. 2 elementary force, such as heat, cold, etc., Hp.VM16, Arist.PA646a14; ἡ τοῦ θερμοῦ δ.ib.650a5; θερμαντικὴ δ. Epicur.Fr.60, cf. Polystr.p.23 W. b property, quality, ἰδίην δύναμιν καὶ φύσιν ἔχειν Hp.VM13, cf. Nat.Hom.5, Vict.1.10; esp. of the natural properties of plants, etc., αἱ δ. τῶν φυομένων, τῶν σπερμάτων, X.Cyr.8.8.14, Thphr.HP8.11.1; productive power, τῆς γῆς Id.Oec.16.4; μετάλλων Id.Vect.4.1: generally, function, faculty, δύναμις φυσική, ζωική, ψυχική, Gal.10.635; περὶ φυσικῶν δ., title of work by Galen. c in pl., agencies, ὑπάρχειν ἐν τῇ φύσει τὰς τοιαύτας δυνάμεις (sc. the gods) Polystr.p.10 W. d function, meaning, of part in whole, Id.p.17 W. e in Music, function, value, of a note in the scale, δ. ἐστι τάξις φθόγγου ἐν συστήματι Cleonid.Harm.14, cf. Aristox.Harm.p.69M.; μέση κατὰ δύναμιν, opp. κατὰ θέσιν, Ptol. Harm.2.5. 3 faculty, art, or craft, Pl.R.532d, Arist.Metaph. 1018a30, EN1094a10, Arr.Epict.1.1.1; δ. σκεπτική the doctrine of the Sceptics, S.E.M.7.1. 4 a medicine, Timostr.7, etc.; δ. ἁπλαῖ Hp.Decent.9, Aret.CD1.4, etc.; δ. πολυφάρμακοι Plu.2.403c, Gal.13.365: in pl., collection of formulae or prescriptions, Orib.10.33. b action of medicines, περὶ τῆς ἁπλῶν φαρμάκων δ., title of work by Galen; also, potency, δυνάμει θερμά, ψυχρά, Id.1.672, al. 5 magically potent substance or object, PMag.Leid.V.8.12: in pl., magical powers, Hld.4.7. III force or meaning of a word, Lys.10.7, Pl. Cra.394b, Diog.Oen.12, Phld.Sign.31, etc. b phonetic value of sounds or letters, Plb.10.47.8, D.H.Comp.12, Luc.Jud.Voc.5, etc. 2 worth or value of money, Th.6.46,2.97, Plu.Lyc.9, Sol. 15. IV capability of existing or acting, potentiality, opp. actuality (ἐνέργεια), Arist.Metaph.1047b31, 1051a5, etc.: hence δυνάμει as Adv., virtually, ὕστερον ὂν τῇ τάξει, πρότερον τῇ δυνάμει . . ἐστί D.3.15; opp. ἐνεργείᾳ, Arist.APo.86a28, al.; opp. ἐντελεχείᾳ, Id.Ph.193b8, al. V Math., power, κατὰ μεταφορὰν ἡ ἐν γεωμετρίᾳ λέγεται δ. Id.Metaph.1019b33; usu. second power, square, κατὰ δύναμιν in square, Pl.Ti.54b, cf. Theol.Ar.11, etc.: chiefly in dat., [εὐθεῖα] δυνάμει ἴση a line the square on which is equal to an area, ἡ BA ἐλάσσων ἐστὶν ἢ διπλασίων δυνάμει τῆς AK the square on BA is less than double of the square on AK, Archim.Sph.Cyl.2.9: εὐθεῖαι δ. σύμμετροι commensurable in square, Euc.10Def.2; ἡ δυνάμει δεκάς the series 12 + 22 . . . + 102, Theol.Ar.64. b square number, Pl.Ti.32a. c square of an unknown quantity (x2), Dioph.Def.2, al. 2 square root of a number which is not a perfect square, surd, opp. μῆκος, Pl. Tht.147d. 3 product of two numbers, ἡ ἀμφοῖν (sc. τριάδος καὶ δυάδος) δ. ἑξάς Ph.1.3, cf. Iamb.in Nic.p.108 P.; δυνάμει in product, Hero Metr.1.15, Theol.Ar.33. VI concrete, powers, esp. of divine beings, αἱ δ. τῶν οὐρανῶν LXX Is.34.4, cf. 1 Ep.Pet.3.22, al., Ph.1.587, Corp.Herm.1.26, Porph.Abst.2.34: sg., Act.Ap.8.10, PMag.Par.1.1275; πολυώνυμος δ., of God, Secund.Sent.3. VII manifestation of divine power, miracle, Ev.Matt.11.21, al., Buresch Aus Lydien 113, etc.
German (Pape)
[Seite 672] εως, ἡ, Vermögen, Kraft; von Homer an überall. Homer z. B. Odyss. 2, 62 ἦ τ' ἂν ἀμυναίμην, εἴ μοι δύναμίς γε παρείη; Iliad. 8, 294 οὐ μέν τοι, ὅση δύναμίς γε πάριστιν, παύομαι; Odyss. 10, 69 ἀκέσασθε, φίλοι· δύναμις γὰρ ἐν ὑμῖν; 3, 205 αἲ γὰρ ἐμοὶ τοσσήνδε θεοὶ δύναμιν παραθεῖεν, τίσασθαι μνηστῆρας; 20, 237 γνοίης χ' οἳη ἐμὴ δύναμις καὶ χεῖρες ἕπονται; Iliad. 23, 891 ὅσσον δυνάμει τε καὶ ἥμασιν ἔπλευ ἄριστος; 13, 786. 787 οὐδέ τί φημι ἀλκῆς δευήσεσθαι, ὅση δύναμίς γε πάρεστιν. πὰρ δύναμιν δ' οὐκ ἔστι καὶ ἐσσύμενον πολεμίζειν. – Folgende: 1) Vermögen, Kraft; – a) zunächst Körperkraft; αἱ τοῦ σώματος δυναμεις Plat. Theaet. 185 e; εἰ ἔτι ἐν δυνάμει ἦν τοῦ πορεύεσθαι, wenn ich noch die Kraft hätte, Rep. I, 328 c. – b) in geistiger Beziehung, Kraft, Talent, Fertigkeit; ἡ τἀγαθοῦ δύν., ἡ σοφιστικὴ δύν., Plat. Phil. 64 e Soph. 233 a; ἡγεμονική, Geschicklichkeit, Pol. 10, 22, 4. 1, 84, 6, der σωματικαὶ καὶ θυμικαὶ δ. vrbdt, 6, 7, 3; ἡ τῶν λεγόντων δ., Beredsamkeit, Dem. 22, 11 u. A.; ἡ τῶν λόγων δ. ist sowohl Kraft der Rede, als Redefertigkeit, Arist. rhet. 1, 1; δύναμιν ἔχειν πρός τι, Isocr. 2, 12. – c) allgem., Vermögen; εἰς δύναμιν, nach Vermögen, nach besten Kräften, Plat. Polit. 273 b, oft, wie Folgde; auch εἰς δύναμιν ὅτι μάλιστα, Plat. Rep. V, 458 e; eben so κατὰ δύναμιν, Phaedr. 249 c; κὰδ δύναμιν Hes. O. 834; κατὰ δύναμιν ὅτι μάλιστα διὰ βραχέων, Polit. 279 c; πρὸς τὴν δύναμιν τὴν αὑτῶν, Phaedr. 231 a; Ggstz ὑπὲρ δύναμιν, über Vermögen, Dem. 18, 193. – 2) Ansehen u. Einfluß im Staate, politische Macht; τῇ δυνάμει πρῶτοι Thuc. 7, 21; oft bei den Rednern; ἐν δυνάμει εἶναι, γίγνεσθαι, in Ansehen stehen; Xen. Hell. 4, 4, 5; Dem. 13, 29. Auch = ein obrigkeitliches Amt, Xen. – 3) Heeresmacht, das Heer, die Truppen, im sing. u. im plur.; δεξάμενοι τὴν τῶν βαρβάρων δύναμιν Plat. Menex. 240 d; δ. ναυτική, πεζική, ἱππική, Xen. An. 1, 3, 12; u. so oft bei den Historikern. – 4) von der Arznei, die Heilkraft; Medic. Auch die Heilmittel selbst heißen δυνάμεις, wie B. A, p. 91 δυνάμεις τὰ τῶν ἰατρῶν φάρμακα. S. D. Sic. 1, 97. 4, 51; Plut. u. A. Vgl. Bast zu Greg. Cor. 907. – 5) der Werth, Gehalt einer Münze, Thuc. 6, 46 u. Sp.; δύναμιν ὀλίγην τῷ νομίσματι ἔδωκε Plut. Lyc. 9; Sol. 15. Dah. = die Bdtg eines Wortes; ὀνόματα τὴν αὐτὴν δύναμιν ἔχοντα Lys. 10, 7; Plat. Crat. 394 b u. öfter; οὐκ εἰδότες, τίνα δύναμιν ἔχει ταῦτα, was dies zu bedeuten hat, Pol. 3, 20, 5. Aehnl. τὸ εὐσεβὲς καὶ τὸ δίκαιον ἄν τ' ἐπὶ μικροῦ ἄν τ' ἐπί μείζονος παραβαίνῃ, τὴν αὐτὴν δύναμιν ἔχει, hat dieselbe Bedeutung, ist gleich, Dem. 9, 16. – Die Möglichkeit; entggstzt ἐνέργεια, ἐντελέχεια, oft Arist. – 6) in der Mathematik das Quadrat einer Zahl, einer Linie, Plat. Theaet. 198 b.
