κάρυον: Difference between revisions

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πενία μόνα τὰς τέχνας ἐγείρει → poverty alone promotes skilled work, necessity is the mother of invention, necessity is the mother of all invention, poverty is the mother of invention, out of necessity comes invention, out of necessity came invention, frugality is the mother of invention

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{{elru
|elrutext='''κάρυον:''' (ᾰ) τό орех (преимущ. грецкий) Batr., Xen. etc.: κ. Εὐβοϊκόν или κ. [[πλατύ]] Xen. «эвбейский орех», каштан.
|elrutext='''κάρυον:''' (ᾰ) τό орех (преимущ. грецкий) Batr., Xen. etc.: κ. Εὐβοϊκόν или κ. [[πλατύ]] Xen. «эвбейский орех», каштан.
}}
{{etym
|etymtx=Grammatical information: n.<br />Meaning: [[nut]] (Epich., Ar., Thphr.).<br />Compounds: Compp., e. g. <b class="b3">καρυο-ναύτης</b> <b class="b2">wo sails in a nut</b> (Lyc.); <b class="b3">καρυό-φυλλον</b> <b class="b2">dried flower-but of the clove, Eugenia caryophyllata</b> (medic.), folketymological adaptation of a loan (Skt. <b class="b2">kaṭuka-phalam</b>?; s. Maidhof Glotta 10, 11.).<br />Derivatives: 1. <b class="b3">καρύα</b> f. <b class="b2">walnut-tree</b>, esp. <b class="b2">hazel, Corylus avellana</b> (S., LXX, Thphr. usw.; on the gender Schwyzer-Debrunner 30). 2. Diminut.: <b class="b3">καρύδιον</b> (Philyll. 19) with <b class="b3">καρυδόω</b> [[castrate]], <b class="b3">καρύδωσις</b> (Hippiatr.); <b class="b3">καρυΐσκος</b> (LXX). 3. Adject.: <b class="b3">καρύ-ϊνος</b> <b class="b2">of nuts, nut-brown etc.</b>, <b class="b3">-ώδης</b>, <b class="b3">-ηρός</b> <b class="b2">nut-like</b> (hell.); <b class="b3">καρυωτός</b> <b class="b2">with nut-like hump or fruit</b> (= <b class="b2">date-tree</b>), <b class="b3">καρυῶτις</b> f. <b class="b2">kind of date</b> (hell.); substant. <b class="b3">καρυΐτης</b> <b class="b2">kind of Euphorbia</b> (Dsc.; Strömberg Pflanzennamen 53, Redard Les noms grecs en <b class="b3">-της</b> 72). 4. Adverb: <b class="b3">καρυηδόν</b> <b class="b2">like nuts</b> (medic.). 5. Verb: <b class="b3">καρυατίζω</b> <b class="b2">play with nuts</b> (Ph.; after the verbs in <b class="b3">-ατίζω</b>). - A further plural-form in <b class="b3">καρυήματα κάρυα</b>. <b class="b3">Λάκωνες</b> H. (after <b class="b3">τραγήματα</b> a. o.; Schwyzer 523, Chantraine Formation 178, Fraenkel Glotta 32, 26).<br />Origin: PG [a word of Pre-Greek origin]<br />Etymology: All compared words differ from <b class="b3">κάρυον</b> and from one amother: Lat. [[carīna]] <b class="b2">ships keel</b> (since Enn. and Plaut.), <b class="b2">shell of a nut</b> (Plin.), Welsh [[ceri]] (< <b class="b2">*carīso-</b>) <b class="b2">pit of fruit</b>; Skt. <b class="b2">karaka-</b> m. <b class="b2">(shell of the) coco(a)-nut</b> (lex.), <b class="b2">jar for water</b>. Other doubts are: for Lat. [[carīna]] a Greek loan (from <b class="b3">καρύϊνος</b> = *`like a nut-shell' > <b class="b2">ships keel</b>?) as been supposed (W.-Hofmann s. v.); the priority of the meaning <b class="b2">coco-nut</b> beside <b class="b2">water-jar</b> for <b class="b2">karaka-</b> is doubted by Mayrhofer, see EWAia III 59 (later form). - The connection with a group <b class="b2">*kar-</b> [[heart]] (Pok. 531f.) is completely hypothetical. - Beside it occurs <b class="b3">ἄρυα τὰ ΏΗρακλεωτικὰ κάρυα</b> H., which suggests a Pre-Greek form, Fur. 591.
}}
}}

Revision as of 01:47, 3 January 2019

Click links below for lookup in third sources:
Full diacritics: κάρῠον Medium diacritics: κάρυον Low diacritics: κάρυον Capitals: ΚΑΡΥΟΝ
Transliteration A: káryon Transliteration B: karyon Transliteration C: karyon Beta Code: ka/ruon

English (LSJ)

[ᾰ], τό, any kind of

   A nut, Ar.V.58, Pl.1056, Theoc.9.21; κάρυα, = ἀκρόδρυα, Ath.2.52a (but τὰ κ. ἢ . . τὰ ἀκρόδρυα Thphr.Char. 11.4); κ. πλατέα, i.e. filberts, X.An.5.4.29; esp. of walnuts, Batr. 31, Epich.150, Philyll.25, Gal.6.609; but this is prop. κ. βασιλικόν, Thphr.CP4.2.1, Agatharch.96, PCair.Zen.13.6 (iii B. C.), Dsc.1.125; or Περσικόν ibid.; κ. Εὐβοϊκόν sweet chestnut, Thphr.HP1.11.3,4.5.4; also κασταναϊκόν ib.4.8.11, Agatharch.43; κ. Ἡρακλεωτικόν filbert, Thphr.CP4.2.1, IG22.1013.19; also κ. Ποντικόν PCair.Zen.12.48 (iii B. C.), Dsc. 1.125, Ruf. ap. Orib.8.47.20; κ. πικρά almonds, Archig. ap.Gal.12.409, Erot. s.v. νίωπον; so κ. alone, LXXNu.17.8, Ph.2.162.    2 nut-shaped boss as ornament, OGI214.49 (Branchidae, iii B. C.).    II stone, kernel, Thphr.HP3.9.5; κ. κοκκυμήλου ib.4.2.5.    2 seed of conifers, Id.CP1.19.1; κ. πιτύϊνα pine-kernels, Diocl.Fr.127.    III = ἠρύγγη, Dsc.3.21.

German (Pape)

[Seite 1331] τό, die Nuß, bes. die Wallnuß, Theophr.; Εὐβοϊκόν, Kastanie, bei Xen. An. 5, 5, 29 umschrieben τὰ πλατέα οὐκ ἔχοντα διαφυὴν οὐδεμίαν, wie auch Poll. 1, 232 die καστάνια erkl.; vgl. D. Sic. 14, 30; λεπτόν oder ποντικόν, Haselnuß; der Stein der Steinfrüchte, der Kern der Fichtenzapfen, Diosc. – In der Mechanik ein Kloben, über den ein Seil gewunden in eine Nuß geht.

Greek (Liddell-Scott)

κάρυον: ᾰ, τό, (ἴδε ἐν λ. κραναός), πᾶς καρπὸς ὅμοιος καρύῳ, Ἀριστοφ. Σφ. 58, Πλ. 1056, Ξεν. Ἀν. 5. 4, 29· διακρίνονται δὲ εἰς διάφορα εἴδη, ὡς κάρ. βασιλικὰ ἢ Περσικά, τὰ «καρύδια», Διοσκ. 1. 178, καλούμενα καὶ ἁπλῶς κάρυα Βατραχομυομ. 31, Ἐπίχ., κτλ., πρβλ. Ἀθήν. 52A· κάρυα κασταναϊκὰ ἢ κασταναῖα, τὰ κάστανα (ἴδε ἐν λ. κάστανα), καλούμενα καὶ κάρ. Εὐβοϊκὰ Θεοφρ. π. Φυτ. Ἱστ. 4. 5, 4· κάρ. Ἡρακλεωτικά, τὰ λεπτοκάρυα ἢ «λεφτόκαρα», Τουρκ. «φουντούκια», Συλλ. Ἐπιγρ. 123. 19, καλούμενα προσέτι καὶ Ποντικὰ ἢ λεπτὰ Διοσκ. 1. 179· κάρ. πικρά, πικρὰ ἀμύγδαλα, «πικραμύγδαλα», Ἀρχιγ. παρὰ Γαλην. ΙΙ. ὁ πυρὴν καρπῶν τινων καὶ ἰδίως ὁ ἐν τῷ κώνῳ πίτυος, Θεοφ. π. Φυτ. Ἱστ. 3. 9, 5, κτλ. ΙΙΙ. ἐν τῇ μηχανικῇ, εἶδος τροχαλίας, Math. Vett. σ. 44.

French (Bailly abrégé)

ου (τό) :
noix ou noisette, fruit.
Étymologie: cf. skr. karakas « noix de coco ».

Greek Monotonic

κάρῠον: [ᾰ], τό, κάθε είδους καρύδι, σε Αριστοφ., Ξεν.· διακρινόμενο σε ποικίλα είδη, όπως κ. βασιλικά ή Περσικά, τα καρύδια, ονομάζονται και απλώς κάρυα, σε Βατραχομ.· κ. κασταναϊκά ή κασταναῖα, τα κάστανα κ.λπ.

Dutch (Woordenboekgrieks.nl)

κάρυον -ου, τό noot (van plant, boom).

Russian (Dvoretsky)

κάρυον: (ᾰ) τό орех (преимущ. грецкий) Batr., Xen. etc.: κ. Εὐβοϊκόν или κ. πλατύ Xen. «эвбейский орех», каштан.

Frisk Etymological English

Grammatical information: n.
Meaning: nut (Epich., Ar., Thphr.).
Compounds: Compp., e. g. καρυο-ναύτης wo sails in a nut (Lyc.); καρυό-φυλλον dried flower-but of the clove, Eugenia caryophyllata (medic.), folketymological adaptation of a loan (Skt. kaṭuka-phalam?; s. Maidhof Glotta 10, 11.).
Derivatives: 1. καρύα f. walnut-tree, esp. hazel, Corylus avellana (S., LXX, Thphr. usw.; on the gender Schwyzer-Debrunner 30). 2. Diminut.: καρύδιον (Philyll. 19) with καρυδόω castrate, καρύδωσις (Hippiatr.); καρυΐσκος (LXX). 3. Adject.: καρύ-ϊνος of nuts, nut-brown etc., -ώδης, -ηρός nut-like (hell.); καρυωτός with nut-like hump or fruit (= date-tree), καρυῶτις f. kind of date (hell.); substant. καρυΐτης kind of Euphorbia (Dsc.; Strömberg Pflanzennamen 53, Redard Les noms grecs en -της 72). 4. Adverb: καρυηδόν like nuts (medic.). 5. Verb: καρυατίζω play with nuts (Ph.; after the verbs in -ατίζω). - A further plural-form in καρυήματα κάρυα. Λάκωνες H. (after τραγήματα a. o.; Schwyzer 523, Chantraine Formation 178, Fraenkel Glotta 32, 26).
Origin: PG [a word of Pre-Greek origin]
Etymology: All compared words differ from κάρυον and from one amother: Lat. carīna ships keel (since Enn. and Plaut.), shell of a nut (Plin.), Welsh ceri (< *carīso-) pit of fruit; Skt. karaka- m. (shell of the) coco(a)-nut (lex.), jar for water. Other doubts are: for Lat. carīna a Greek loan (from καρύϊνος = *`like a nut-shell' > ships keel?) as been supposed (W.-Hofmann s. v.); the priority of the meaning coco-nut beside water-jar for karaka- is doubted by Mayrhofer, see EWAia III 59 (later form). - The connection with a group *kar- heart (Pok. 531f.) is completely hypothetical. - Beside it occurs ἄρυα τὰ ΏΗρακλεωτικὰ κάρυα H., which suggests a Pre-Greek form, Fur. 591.