Κανδαύλης: Difference between revisions
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Several stories of how the Heraclid dynasty of Candaules ended and the Mermnad dynasty of Gyges began have been related by different authors throughout history, mostly in a mythical sense. In Plato's Republic, Gyges used a magical ring to become invisible and usurp the throne, a plot device which reappeared in numerous myths and works of fiction throughout history. The earliest story, related by Herodotus in the 5th century BC, has Candaules betrayed and executed by his wife, Nyssia, in a cautionary tale against pride and possession. | Several stories of how the Heraclid dynasty of Candaules ended and the Mermnad dynasty of Gyges began have been related by different authors throughout history, mostly in a mythical sense. In Plato's Republic, Gyges used a magical ring to become invisible and usurp the throne, a plot device which reappeared in numerous myths and works of fiction throughout history. The earliest story, related by Herodotus in the 5th century BC, has Candaules betrayed and executed by his wife, Nyssia, in a cautionary tale against pride and possession. | ||
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Sadyattes I. (aus dem Lydischen, etwa „starker Vater“), laut Herodot von den Griechen Myrsilos genannt, war ein sagenhafter König von Lydien (westliches Kleinasien, heute Türkei). Sein religiöser Titel war Kandaules (griechisch Κανδαύλης). Seine Herrschaftszeit ist unsicher, es finden sich unter anderem die Angaben 733–716 v. Chr., 728–711 v. Chr.; † 680 v. Chr. | |wkdetx=Sadyattes I. (aus dem Lydischen, etwa „starker Vater“), laut Herodot von den Griechen Myrsilos genannt, war ein sagenhafter König von Lydien (westliches Kleinasien, heute Türkei). Sein religiöser Titel war Kandaules (griechisch Κανδαύλης). Seine Herrschaftszeit ist unsicher, es finden sich unter anderem die Angaben 733–716 v. Chr., 728–711 v. Chr.; † 680 v. Chr. | ||
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|wkittx=Candaule (pronuncia: Candàule), (Κανδαύλης), conosciuto anche come Mirsilo (Μυρσίλος) (... – ...), è stato il venticinquesimo re di Lidia, il ventiduesimo e ultimo della dinastia eraclide. | |wkittx=Candaule (pronuncia: Candàule), (Κανδαύλης), conosciuto anche come Mirsilo (Μυρσίλος) (... – ...), è stato il venticinquesimo re di Lidia, il ventiduesimo e ultimo della dinastia eraclide. |
Revision as of 08:01, 24 October 2022
English (LSJ)
ὁ, Lydian name for Hermes, expld. as Candaules, dog-throttler, choke-dog, hound-choker, Hippon.1; name of a Lydian king, Hdt.1.7, al.
Greek Monolingual
Κανδαύλης, ὁ (Α)
1. λυδική ονομασία του Ερμή
2. όνομα Λυδού βασιλιά.
[ΕΤΥΜΟΛΟΓΙΑ Η κλητική Κανδαύλα χρησιμοποιούνταν στην Αρχαία ως επίκληση όπως το κυνάγχα (επίκληση στον Ερμή κατά το παιχνίδι τών ζαριών) < κύων, κυν-ός + ἄγχω «πνίγω, στραγγαλίζω». Ο Ερμής δηλ. εθεωρείτο προστάτης του παιχνιδιού τών ζαριών, ενώ το κύων πέρα από «σκύλος» σήμαινε και «κακή ζαριά». Η επίκληση λοιπόν κυνάγχα στον Ερμή αποσκοπούσε στο να «στραγγαλιστεί ο κύων», στο να αποφευχθεί δηλ. ή να εξουδετερωθεί η κακή ζαριά. Ανάλογη περίπτωση είναι και το αρχ. ινδ. svaghnin < svan- «σκύλος» αλλά και «κακή ζαριά» + -ghn-in «φονεύς». Το Κανδαύλης, επομένως, χρησιμοποιούμενο κατά τον ίδιο τρόπο, είναι σύνθ. < καν- (από ΙΕ ρίζα kwon- «σκύλος», πρβλ. λατ. canis «σκύλος») + -δαυ- (από ΙΕ ρίζα dhau- «πνίγω, πιέζω», πρβλ. αρχ. σλαβ. daviti «στραγγαλίζω») + επίθημα -λᾱ- (< ΙΕ -lā-)].
Russian (Dvoretsky)
Κανδαύλης: ου ὁ Кандавл или Мирсил (сын Мирса, последний царь Лидии из рода Гераклидов, убитый Гигом в 716 г. до н. э.) Her.
Frisk Etymological English
ου
Grammatical information: m.
Meaning: Voc. Κανδαῦλα, Lydian-Phrygian name of Hermes (Hippon. 1), also name of a Lydian king (Hdt.).
Origin: IE [Indo-European]X [probably] [633, 235] *dhau- (= *dheh₂u-?) strangle
Etymology: - Acc. to Hippon. = Κυνάγχα (voc.) "dog-strangler"; relates to Hermes as god of dice (Ἐρμῆς Τύχων) and as term of dice-playing with Skt. śva-ghnín- prop. "dog-killer" (κύων = śvan- name of a unhappy throw) semant. identical. Sittig KZ 52, 204ff.; cf. Kretschmer Glotta 15, 192. Further s. Θαύλιος (of which a relation is quite uncertain). - Quite diff. on Κανδαύλης Bolling Lang. 3, 15ff. (not correct).
Wikipedia EL
Στην ελληνική μυθολογία ο Κανδαύλης ήταν βασιλιάς της Λυδίας, γιος του Μύρσου και για τον λόγο αυτό αποκαλούμενος συνήθως Μυρσίλος, ο «τελευταίος των Ηρακλειδών». Ο Κανδαύλης δολοφονήθηκε με τη συνέργεια της συζύγου του από τον Γύγη, υπηρέτη του που ο Κανδαύλης τον θεωρούσε πιστό. Στη συνέχεια ο Γύγης έγινε βασιλιάς της Λυδίας με σύζυγό του την πρώην σύζυγο του Κανδαύλη.
Στην μυθολογία των αρχαίων Λυδών, στην Μικρά Ασία, με το όνομα Κανδαύλης ήταν γνωστός ένας θεός, ο οποίος ταυτιζόταν ή τουλάχιστον παρομοιαζόταν προς τον θεό Ερμή ή προς τον ήρωα και ημίθεο Ηρακλή των αρχαίων Ελλήνων.
Η πρακτική της επίδειξης της συντρόφου από τον σύντροφό της σε άλλους, έχει πάρει το όνομά της από τον Κανδαύλη και ονομάζεται κανδαυλισμός (Candaulism) στη διεθνή βιβλιογραφία.
Wikipedia EN
Candaules (died c.687 BC; Greek: Κανδαύλης, Kandaulēs), also known as Myrsilos (Μυρσίλος), was a king of the ancient Kingdom of Lydia in the early years of the 7th century BC. According to Herodotus, he succeeded his father Meles as the 22nd and last king of Lydia's Heraclid dynasty. He was assassinated and succeeded by Gyges.
Based on an ambiguous line in the work of the Greek poet Hipponax, it was traditionally assumed that the name of Candaules meant "hound-choker" among the Lydians. J. B. Bury and Russell Meiggs (1975) say that Candaules is a Maeonian name meaning "hound-choker" and that Aryan conquerors (the Heraclids in Greek tradition) had occupied the Lydian throne for centuries. More recently, however, it has been suggested that the name or title Kandaules is cognate with the Luwian hantawatt(i)– ("king") and probably has Carian origin. The name or title Candaules is the origin of the term candaulism, for a sexual practice attributed to him by legend.
Several stories of how the Heraclid dynasty of Candaules ended and the Mermnad dynasty of Gyges began have been related by different authors throughout history, mostly in a mythical sense. In Plato's Republic, Gyges used a magical ring to become invisible and usurp the throne, a plot device which reappeared in numerous myths and works of fiction throughout history. The earliest story, related by Herodotus in the 5th century BC, has Candaules betrayed and executed by his wife, Nyssia, in a cautionary tale against pride and possession.
Wikipedia DE
Sadyattes I. (aus dem Lydischen, etwa „starker Vater“), laut Herodot von den Griechen Myrsilos genannt, war ein sagenhafter König von Lydien (westliches Kleinasien, heute Türkei). Sein religiöser Titel war Kandaules (griechisch Κανδαύλης). Seine Herrschaftszeit ist unsicher, es finden sich unter anderem die Angaben 733–716 v. Chr., 728–711 v. Chr.; † 680 v. Chr.
Wikipedia IT
Candaule (pronuncia: Candàule), (Κανδαύλης), conosciuto anche come Mirsilo (Μυρσίλος) (... – ...), è stato il venticinquesimo re di Lidia, il ventiduesimo e ultimo della dinastia eraclide.
Successore di Mirso, regnò tra il 733 e il 716 a.C.
Molte versioni riguardanti la fine degli Eraclidi e l'inizio della dinastia mermnade sono state riportate da diversi scrittori attraverso storie dai toni prevalentemente mitici. Nella Repubblica di Platone Gige usa un anello magico per diventare invisibile e usurpare il trono, con uno stratagemma che ritorna in molti miti e racconti, il più famoso dei quali è probabilmente Il Signore degli Anelli, di J.R.R. Tolkien. La versione più antica, riportata da Erodoto nel V secolo a.C., vuole Candaule tradito e giustiziato dalla moglie.
Frisk Etymology German
Κανδαύλης: -ου
{Kandaúlēs}
Forms: Vok. Κανδαῦλα,
Grammar: m.,
Meaning: lydisch-phrygischer Name des Hermes (Hippon. 1), auch N. eines lydischen Königs (Hdt.).
Etymology: Nach Hippon. = Κυνάγχα (Vok.) "Hundwürger"; auf Hermes als Würfelgott (Ἑρμῆς Τύχων) bezüglich und als Ausdruck des Würfelspiels mit aind. śva-ghnín- eig. "Hundtöter" (κύων = śvan- Ben. des schlechten Wurfes) semasiologisch identisch. Sittig KZ 52, 204ff.; dazu Kretschmer Glotta 15, 192. Weiteres s. Θαύλιος. — Ganz anders über Κανδαύλης Bolling Lang. 3, 15ff. (nicht zutreffend).
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