vesper
τῶν δ᾽ ὀρθουμένων σῴζει τὰ πολλὰ σώμαθ᾽ ἡ πειθαρχία → But of those who make it through, following orders is what saves most of their lives (Sophocles, Antigone 675f.)
Latin > English (Lewis & Short)
vesper: ĕris and ĕri (in class. prose mostly acc. vesperum, and abl. vespere, or adverb. vesperi; the plur. not used), m. (
I neutr., Varr. L. L. 7, § 50 and 9, § 73 Müll. acc. to Lachm.) [Gr. ἕσπερος, ἑσπέρα], the evening, even, eve, even-tide.
I Lit.: jam diei vesper erat, Sall. J. 52, 3; 106, 2: vesper fit (late Lat. for advesperascit), Vulg. Matt. 14, 15; 16, 2; 26, 20: ad vesperum, Cic. Lael. 3, 12; id. Fin. 2, 28, 92 Madv.; 3, 2, 8; Caes. B. C. 1, 3; id. B. G. 1, 26: sub vesperum, towards evening, id. ib. 2, 33; 5, 58; 7, 60; id. B. C. 1, 42.—Prov.: nescis, quid vesper serus vehat, the title of a satire by Varro, Gell. 13, 11, 1; Macr. S. 1, 7; cf.: denique, quid vesper serus vehat, Verg. G. 1, 461: cum quid vesper ferat, incertum sit, Liv. 45, 8: de vesperi suo vivere, on his own supper, i. e. to be one's own master, Plaut. Mil. 4, 2, 5; cf. id. Rud. 1, 2, 91.—
B Esp., abl. adverb., in the evening.
1 Form vespere: primo vespere, Caes. B. C. 2, 43: litteras reddidit a. d. VIII. Id. Mart. vespere, Cic. Att. 11, 12, 1.—
2 Form vesperi: cum ad me in Tusculanum heri vesperi venisset Caesar, Cic. de Or. 2, 3, 13; id. Ac. 1, 1, 1; id. Mil. 20, 54; Plaut. Bacch. 2, 3, 62; id. Mil. 2, 5, 29; id. Rud. 1, 2, 91; Ter. And. 4, 4, 29: neque tam vesperi revortor, so late, id. Heaut. 1, 1, 15: primā vesperi (sc. horā), Caes. B. C. 1, 20.—
II Transf.
A The evening-star, Plin. 2, 8, 6, § 36; Verg. G. 1, 251: vespero surgente, Hor. C. 2, 9, 10: puro Vespero, id. ib. 3, 19, 26.—
B The West, Occident, Ov. Tr. 1, 2, 28; id. M. 1, 63: vespere ab atro, Verg. A. 5, 19.—Hence, for the inhabitants of the West, Occidentals, Sil. 3, 325.
Latin > French (Gaffiot 2016)
vespĕr,¹⁰ ĕrī et ĕris, m. (ἕσπερος),
1 le soir : diei vesper erat Sall. J. 52, 3, c’était le soir ; ad vesperum Cæs. G. 1, 26, 2, jusqu’au soir, cf. Cæs. G. 1, 50, 2 ; 2, 33, 1, etc. [ou vers le soir : Cic. Læl. 12 ] ; sub vesperum Cæs. G. 2, 33, vers le soir, cf. G. 5, 58 ; 7, 60 ; C. 1, 42 ; primo vespere Cæs. C. 2, 43, au début du soir, à la nuit tombante || vespere Cic. Att. 11, 12, 1, [et surtout] vesperi Cic. de Or. 2, 13 ; Fam. 7, 3, 1 ; Att. 13, 47 a, 1 ; Mil. 54, le soir, au soir || quid vesper ferat incertum est Liv. 45, 8, 6, ce qu’amène le soir, on l’ignore, cf. Gell. 13, 11, 1 ; de vesperi suo vivere Pl. Mil. 995, être son maître, vivre à sa guise ; de vesperi alicujus cenare Pl. Rud. 181, manger à la table de qqn
2 étoile du soir, Vesper : Hor. O. 2, 9, 10 ; 3, 19, 26 ; Virg. G. 1, 251 ; Plin. 2, 36 || le couchant, l’occident : Virg. En. 5, 19 ; Ov. Tr. 1, 2, 28 || peuples de l’Occident : Sil. 3, 325. dans la l. classique, acc. vesperum, abl. vespere ou loc. vesperi || au neutre d. Varro L. 7, 50 ; 9, 73.