χρεών: Difference between revisions
Ἥδιστόν ἐστιν εὐτυχοῦντα νοῦν ἔχειν → Dulcissimum prudentia inter prospera → Erfreulich ist, wenn man im Glück Vernunft besitzt
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|Definition=Ion. χρεόν (the form best attested in <span class="bibl">Parm.8.45</span> and Hdt.); also χρειών, <span class="bibl">Democr.55</span>, τό: gen. <span class="sense"><p> <span class="bld">A</span> τοῦ χρεών <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Hipp.</span>1256</span>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">HF</span>21</span>, but little used save in nom. and acc.:—<b class="b2">that which must be</b>, κατὰ τὸ χ. <span class="bibl">Anaximand.1</span> (Diels <span class="title">Vorsokr.</span>5); τὴν μοῖραν εἰς τὸ μὴ χ. παραστρέφων <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Fr.</span>491.3</span>; χ. τοῦ χρησμοῦ <span class="bibl">Plu.<span class="title">Nic.</span>14</span>. </span><span class="sense"> <span class="bld">II</span> <b class="b2">necessity, fate</b>, ἥ τε ἡλικία καὶ τὸ χ. <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Phdr.</span>255a</span>; μοίρας τοῦ χρεών τ' ἀπαλλαγή <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Hipp.</span>1256</span>; εἰς τὸ χ. ἰέναι <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Ax.</span>364c</span>; <b class="b3">ἀπελθεῖν εἰς τὸ χ., εἰς τὸ χ. ἀπαλλάσσεσθαι</b>, <span class="bibl">Str.1.3.21</span>, <span class="bibl">J.<span class="title">AJ</span>7.15.1</span>; <b class="b3">οἱ τὴν εἰς τὸ χ. πορευόμενοι</b> (cj. for <b class="b3">ποιούμενοι</b>), v. l. <b class="b3">τῶν εἰς τὸ χ. ὁδευόντων</b>, Plu.2.113c; τό τοι χρεὼν οὐκ ἔστι μὴ χρεὼν ποιεῖν <span class="title">Trag.Adesp.</span>368; ὅ τι γὰρ μὴ χ. οὔτοι χ. παθεῖν <span class="bibl">E. <span class="title">Ba.</span>515</span>; [Ἀλέξανδρον] τὸ χ. ἐν Βαβυλῶνι κατέλαβε <span class="bibl">Jul.<span class="title">Or.</span>3.107c</span>. </span><span class="sense"> <span class="bld">2</span> mostly in the phrase <b class="b3">χρεών</b> (sc. <b class="b3">ἐστι</b>), like [[χρή]], it is <b class="b2">necessary</b>, c. inf., <span class="bibl">Thgn.564</span>, <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Ag.</span>922</span>, <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">OT</span>633</span>, Democr. l. c., etc.: c. acc. et inf., <span class="bibl">Pi.<span class="title">P.</span>2.52</span>, <span class="bibl">Hdt.1.41</span>,<span class="bibl">57</span>, <span class="bibl">2.133</span>, <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Pr.</span>772</span>,<span class="bibl">970</span>, al., <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">Ph.</span>1439</span>, <span class="bibl">Ar. <span class="title">Eq.</span>138</span>, <span class="bibl">Th.5.49</span>; τὸ χ. γενέσθαι <span class="bibl">Hdt.7.17</span>. </span><span class="sense"> <span class="bld">3</span> sts. as a neut. part. (like <b class="b3">ἐξόν</b>, etc.), <b class="b2">it being necessary, since it was necessary</b>, <span class="bibl">Id.5.50</span>. </span><span class="sense"> <span class="bld">III</span> less freq., <b class="b2">that which is expedient</b> or <b class="b2">right</b>, ὅρκον δ' οὔτ' ἄδικον χ. ἔμμεναι οὔτε δίκαιον <span class="bibl">Choeril.7</span>; ἔννεπε τί σοι χρεὼν ὑπουργεῖν <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">Ph.</span>143</span> (lyr.); μητέρ' εἰ χ. ταύτην προσαυδᾶν <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">El.</span>273</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">983</span>, <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Nu.</span>1446</span>(lyr.), etc.; with the Art., ἔκανες ὃν οὐ χρῆν, καὶ τὸ μὴ χ. πάθε A.<b class="b2">Ch.</b>.930: abs. in part., <b class="b3">ὑμεῖς ἂν οὐ χ. ἄρχοιτε</b> ye would rule un<b class="b2">rightfully</b>, <span class="bibl">Th.3.40</span>.—In Trag. <b class="b3">χρεών</b>( = [[χρή]]) appears without <b class="b3">ἐστί</b> or <b class="b3">ἦν;</b> in Ar. and Prose the verb is more commonly added, but not in Ar.<span class="title">Nu.</span> l. c., <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Sph.</span>220d</span>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Criti.</span>107b</span>, al. </span><span class="sense"> <span class="bld">IV</span> as Adj., τῷ χ. πόσει <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Fr.</span>501</span>. (Not in Hom. or Hes., <span class="bibl">Od.15.201</span> being f. l. for [[χρεώ]].) [In Poets <b class="b3">χρεών</b> is sts. monosyll., as in Choeril. l. c., <span class="bibl">Parm.4.5</span>, al.; outside of hexameters prob. always disyll., since <b class="b3">χρή</b> can be restored in <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">IT</span>1486</span>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Fr.</span>733.3</span>.] (From <b class="b3">χρεώ</b>, with addition of ν from the synonym <b class="b3">δέον;</b> when used as part. abs., as in <span class="bibl">Sol.<span class="title">Fr.</span>34.6</span>, <span class="bibl">Th.3.40</span>, from <b class="b3">χρεὼ ὄν</b>.) </span> | |Definition=Ion. χρεόν (the form best attested in <span class="bibl">Parm.8.45</span> and Hdt.); also χρειών, <span class="bibl">Democr.55</span>, τό: gen. <span class="sense"><p> <span class="bld">A</span> τοῦ χρεών <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Hipp.</span>1256</span>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">HF</span>21</span>, but little used save in nom. and acc.:—<b class="b2">that which must be</b>, κατὰ τὸ χ. <span class="bibl">Anaximand.1</span> (Diels <span class="title">Vorsokr.</span>5); τὴν μοῖραν εἰς τὸ μὴ χ. παραστρέφων <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Fr.</span>491.3</span>; χ. τοῦ χρησμοῦ <span class="bibl">Plu.<span class="title">Nic.</span>14</span>. </span><span class="sense"> <span class="bld">II</span> <b class="b2">necessity, fate</b>, ἥ τε ἡλικία καὶ τὸ χ. <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Phdr.</span>255a</span>; μοίρας τοῦ χρεών τ' ἀπαλλαγή <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Hipp.</span>1256</span>; εἰς τὸ χ. ἰέναι <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Ax.</span>364c</span>; <b class="b3">ἀπελθεῖν εἰς τὸ χ., εἰς τὸ χ. ἀπαλλάσσεσθαι</b>, <span class="bibl">Str.1.3.21</span>, <span class="bibl">J.<span class="title">AJ</span>7.15.1</span>; <b class="b3">οἱ τὴν εἰς τὸ χ. πορευόμενοι</b> (cj. for <b class="b3">ποιούμενοι</b>), v. l. <b class="b3">τῶν εἰς τὸ χ. ὁδευόντων</b>, Plu.2.113c; τό τοι χρεὼν οὐκ ἔστι μὴ χρεὼν ποιεῖν <span class="title">Trag.Adesp.</span>368; ὅ τι γὰρ μὴ χ. οὔτοι χ. παθεῖν <span class="bibl">E. <span class="title">Ba.</span>515</span>; [Ἀλέξανδρον] τὸ χ. ἐν Βαβυλῶνι κατέλαβε <span class="bibl">Jul.<span class="title">Or.</span>3.107c</span>. </span><span class="sense"> <span class="bld">2</span> mostly in the phrase <b class="b3">χρεών</b> (sc. <b class="b3">ἐστι</b>), like [[χρή]], it is <b class="b2">necessary</b>, c. inf., <span class="bibl">Thgn.564</span>, <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Ag.</span>922</span>, <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">OT</span>633</span>, Democr. l. c., etc.: c. acc. et inf., <span class="bibl">Pi.<span class="title">P.</span>2.52</span>, <span class="bibl">Hdt.1.41</span>,<span class="bibl">57</span>, <span class="bibl">2.133</span>, <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Pr.</span>772</span>,<span class="bibl">970</span>, al., <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">Ph.</span>1439</span>, <span class="bibl">Ar. <span class="title">Eq.</span>138</span>, <span class="bibl">Th.5.49</span>; τὸ χ. γενέσθαι <span class="bibl">Hdt.7.17</span>. </span><span class="sense"> <span class="bld">3</span> sts. as a neut. part. (like <b class="b3">ἐξόν</b>, etc.), <b class="b2">it being necessary, since it was necessary</b>, <span class="bibl">Id.5.50</span>. </span><span class="sense"> <span class="bld">III</span> less freq., <b class="b2">that which is expedient</b> or <b class="b2">right</b>, ὅρκον δ' οὔτ' ἄδικον χ. ἔμμεναι οὔτε δίκαιον <span class="bibl">Choeril.7</span>; ἔννεπε τί σοι χρεὼν ὑπουργεῖν <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">Ph.</span>143</span> (lyr.); μητέρ' εἰ χ. ταύτην προσαυδᾶν <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">El.</span>273</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">983</span>, <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Nu.</span>1446</span>(lyr.), etc.; with the Art., ἔκανες ὃν οὐ χρῆν, καὶ τὸ μὴ χ. πάθε A.<b class="b2">Ch.</b>.930: abs. in part., <b class="b3">ὑμεῖς ἂν οὐ χ. ἄρχοιτε</b> ye would rule un<b class="b2">rightfully</b>, <span class="bibl">Th.3.40</span>.—In Trag. <b class="b3">χρεών</b>( = [[χρή]]) appears without <b class="b3">ἐστί</b> or <b class="b3">ἦν;</b> in Ar. and Prose the verb is more commonly added, but not in Ar.<span class="title">Nu.</span> l. c., <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Sph.</span>220d</span>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Criti.</span>107b</span>, al. </span><span class="sense"> <span class="bld">IV</span> as Adj., τῷ χ. πόσει <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Fr.</span>501</span>. (Not in Hom. or Hes., <span class="bibl">Od.15.201</span> being f. l. for [[χρεώ]].) [In Poets <b class="b3">χρεών</b> is sts. monosyll., as in Choeril. l. c., <span class="bibl">Parm.4.5</span>, al.; outside of hexameters prob. always disyll., since <b class="b3">χρή</b> can be restored in <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">IT</span>1486</span>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Fr.</span>733.3</span>.] (From <b class="b3">χρεώ</b>, with addition of ν from the synonym <b class="b3">δέον;</b> when used as part. abs., as in <span class="bibl">Sol.<span class="title">Fr.</span>34.6</span>, <span class="bibl">Th.3.40</span>, from <b class="b3">χρεὼ ὄν</b>.) </span> | ||
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|ptext=[[https://www.translatum.gr/images/pape/pape-02-1371.png Seite 1371]] τό, ion. [[χρεόν]] (nach Buttm. partic. von χρή, vgl. aber Wolf Lit. Anal. 2, 470), gew. nur nomin. und accus.; genit. τοῦ [[χρεών]] Eur. Herc. fur. 21 Hipp. 1256; – was nothwendig ist, geschehen muß, Nothwendigkeit, <b class="b2">Schicksal, Verhängniß</b>; το δεύτερον γὰρ τοῖς ἐμοῖς αὐτὴν χρεὼν τόξοις ἁλῶναι Soph. Phil. 1439; Eur. Hipp. 1256 I. T. 1486 u. sonst; – gew, [[χρεών]] ἐστιν und [[χρεών]] allein = χρή; so εἰ χρεὼν εὔξασθαι, wenn es nöthig ist, wenn man muß, Pind. P. 3, 2; Theogn. 564; und mit accus. c. infin., Pind. P. 2, 52 N. 11, 17; Her. 1, 41. 57. 2, 133. 5, 49. 109 u. sonst (wo auch [[χρεόν]] geschrieben ist); [[οὕτως]] ὑβρίζειν τοὺς ὑβρίζοντας [[χρεών]] Aesch. Prom. 972, vgl. 998; θεούς τοι τοῖσδε τιμαλφεῖν [[χρεών]] Ag. 896; τὸ μὴ χρεὼν πάθε Ch. 918; ἐὰν χρεὼν ἕκηλον εὕδειν Soph. Phil. 757; τὸ [[νεῖκος]] εὖ θέσθαι [[χρεών]] O. R. 633; ἀνδρί τοι χρεὼν μνήμην προσεῖναι Ai. 316, u. öfter; so absolut auch Eur., wie Ar. Equ. 138; u. in Prosa, auch mit u. ohne ἐστίν: Her. 1, 41. 57. 2, 133. 6, 43 u. sonst; absolut [[χρεών]] = da man muß, 5, 50. 9, 58; οὐ χρεὼν ἄρχετε, nicht wie man muß, wider Gebühr, wider Recht u. Billigkeit herrscht ihr, Thue. 3, 40, vgl. 5, 49; πληκτικὴν θήραν ἡμᾶς προσειπεῖν νῦν [[χρεών]] Plat. Soph. 220 c; ὧν ἔμπειρον χρεὼν εἶναι Tim. 55 d; τοῦτον καθήρασθαι τὸν οἶκον χρεὼν ἔστω Legg. IX, 877 e; auch substantivisch, ἥ τε [[ἡλικία]] καὶ τὸ χρεὼν ἤγαγεν εἰς τὸ προέσθαι αὐτόν Phaedr. 255 a, vgl. Ax. 364 c 365 b; Sp.; τὸ χρεὼν τοῦ χρησμοῦ [[ἐνταῦθα]] περαίνει Plut. Nic. 14, die Prophezeiung od. die Unabänderlichkeit des Orakels. | |||
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Revision as of 19:32, 2 August 2017
English (LSJ)
Ion. χρεόν (the form best attested in Parm.8.45 and Hdt.); also χρειών, Democr.55, τό: gen.
A τοῦ χρεών E.Hipp.1256, HF21, but little used save in nom. and acc.:—that which must be, κατὰ τὸ χ. Anaximand.1 (Diels Vorsokr.5); τὴν μοῖραν εἰς τὸ μὴ χ. παραστρέφων E.Fr.491.3; χ. τοῦ χρησμοῦ Plu.Nic.14. II necessity, fate, ἥ τε ἡλικία καὶ τὸ χ. Pl.Phdr.255a; μοίρας τοῦ χρεών τ' ἀπαλλαγή E.Hipp.1256; εἰς τὸ χ. ἰέναι Pl.Ax.364c; ἀπελθεῖν εἰς τὸ χ., εἰς τὸ χ. ἀπαλλάσσεσθαι, Str.1.3.21, J.AJ7.15.1; οἱ τὴν εἰς τὸ χ. πορευόμενοι (cj. for ποιούμενοι), v. l. τῶν εἰς τὸ χ. ὁδευόντων, Plu.2.113c; τό τοι χρεὼν οὐκ ἔστι μὴ χρεὼν ποιεῖν Trag.Adesp.368; ὅ τι γὰρ μὴ χ. οὔτοι χ. παθεῖν E. Ba.515; [Ἀλέξανδρον] τὸ χ. ἐν Βαβυλῶνι κατέλαβε Jul.Or.3.107c. 2 mostly in the phrase χρεών (sc. ἐστι), like χρή, it is necessary, c. inf., Thgn.564, A.Ag.922, S.OT633, Democr. l. c., etc.: c. acc. et inf., Pi.P.2.52, Hdt.1.41,57, 2.133, A.Pr.772,970, al., S.Ph.1439, Ar. Eq.138, Th.5.49; τὸ χ. γενέσθαι Hdt.7.17. 3 sts. as a neut. part. (like ἐξόν, etc.), it being necessary, since it was necessary, Id.5.50. III less freq., that which is expedient or right, ὅρκον δ' οὔτ' ἄδικον χ. ἔμμεναι οὔτε δίκαιον Choeril.7; ἔννεπε τί σοι χρεὼν ὑπουργεῖν S.Ph.143 (lyr.); μητέρ' εἰ χ. ταύτην προσαυδᾶν Id.El.273, cf. 983, Ar.Nu.1446(lyr.), etc.; with the Art., ἔκανες ὃν οὐ χρῆν, καὶ τὸ μὴ χ. πάθε A.Ch..930: abs. in part., ὑμεῖς ἂν οὐ χ. ἄρχοιτε ye would rule unrightfully, Th.3.40.—In Trag. χρεών( = χρή) appears without ἐστί or ἦν; in Ar. and Prose the verb is more commonly added, but not in Ar.Nu. l. c., Pl.Sph.220d, Criti.107b, al. IV as Adj., τῷ χ. πόσει E.Fr.501. (Not in Hom. or Hes., Od.15.201 being f. l. for χρεώ.) [In Poets χρεών is sts. monosyll., as in Choeril. l. c., Parm.4.5, al.; outside of hexameters prob. always disyll., since χρή can be restored in E.IT1486, Fr.733.3.] (From χρεώ, with addition of ν from the synonym δέον; when used as part. abs., as in Sol.Fr.34.6, Th.3.40, from χρεὼ ὄν.)
German (Pape)
[Seite 1371] τό, ion. χρεόν (nach Buttm. partic. von χρή, vgl. aber Wolf Lit. Anal. 2, 470), gew. nur nomin. und accus.; genit. τοῦ χρεών Eur. Herc. fur. 21 Hipp. 1256; – was nothwendig ist, geschehen muß, Nothwendigkeit, Schicksal, Verhängniß; το δεύτερον γὰρ τοῖς ἐμοῖς αὐτὴν χρεὼν τόξοις ἁλῶναι Soph. Phil. 1439; Eur. Hipp. 1256 I. T. 1486 u. sonst; – gew, χρεών ἐστιν und χρεών allein = χρή; so εἰ χρεὼν εὔξασθαι, wenn es nöthig ist, wenn man muß, Pind. P. 3, 2; Theogn. 564; und mit accus. c. infin., Pind. P. 2, 52 N. 11, 17; Her. 1, 41. 57. 2, 133. 5, 49. 109 u. sonst (wo auch χρεόν geschrieben ist); οὕτως ὑβρίζειν τοὺς ὑβρίζοντας χρεών Aesch. Prom. 972, vgl. 998; θεούς τοι τοῖσδε τιμαλφεῖν χρεών Ag. 896; τὸ μὴ χρεὼν πάθε Ch. 918; ἐὰν χρεὼν ἕκηλον εὕδειν Soph. Phil. 757; τὸ νεῖκος εὖ θέσθαι χρεών O. R. 633; ἀνδρί τοι χρεὼν μνήμην προσεῖναι Ai. 316, u. öfter; so absolut auch Eur., wie Ar. Equ. 138; u. in Prosa, auch mit u. ohne ἐστίν: Her. 1, 41. 57. 2, 133. 6, 43 u. sonst; absolut χρεών = da man muß, 5, 50. 9, 58; οὐ χρεὼν ἄρχετε, nicht wie man muß, wider Gebühr, wider Recht u. Billigkeit herrscht ihr, Thue. 3, 40, vgl. 5, 49; πληκτικὴν θήραν ἡμᾶς προσειπεῖν νῦν χρεών Plat. Soph. 220 c; ὧν ἔμπειρον χρεὼν εἶναι Tim. 55 d; τοῦτον καθήρασθαι τὸν οἶκον χρεὼν ἔστω Legg. IX, 877 e; auch substantivisch, ἥ τε ἡλικία καὶ τὸ χρεὼν ἤγαγεν εἰς τὸ προέσθαι αὐτόν Phaedr. 255 a, vgl. Ax. 364 c 365 b; Sp.; τὸ χρεὼν τοῦ χρησμοῦ ἐνταῦθα περαίνει Plut. Nic. 14, die Prophezeiung od. die Unabänderlichkeit des Orakels.
