φθίω: Difference between revisions

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τὸν αὐτὸν ἔρανον ἀποδοῦναι → pay him back in his own coin, repay him in his own coin, pay someone back in their own coin, pay back in someone's own coin, give tit for tat, pay back in kind

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m (Text replacement - "cf. <b class="b3">([^\s-\.]*?[αΑάΆΒβΓγΔδεΕέΈΖζηΗήΉΘθιΙίΊϊΪΐΚκΛλΜμΝνΞξοΟςόΌΠπΡρΣσΤτυΥυύΎϋΫΰΦφΧχΨψωΩώΏ]+?[^\s-\.]*?)<\/b>" to "cf. $1")
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|Definition=<b class="b3">ἔφθιον</b>, each once in Hom. (v. infr. <span class="bibl">1.2</span>), the common pres. being φθίνω, <span class="bibl">Od.5.161</span>, al. (also φθινύθω, q. v.): impf. <span class="sense"><p>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">A</span> ἔφθῐνον <span class="bibl">Hdt.3.29</span>, <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Ti.</span>77a</span>: fut. and aor. <b class="b3">φθ (ε) ίσω, e)/fq (e) ισα</b> and <b class="b3">ἔφθῐσα</b> (v. infr. <span class="bibl">11</span>): pf. <b class="b3">ἔφθῐκα</b> v. l. in Dsc.<span class="title">Praef.</span>6 (cf. [[φθινάω]]), (ἀπ-) <span class="bibl">Them.<span class="title">Or.</span>28.341d</span>:—Med. and Pass. (in same sense), fut. <b class="b3">φθίσομαι</b> (leg. <b class="b3">φθείσομαι</b>, in view of <b class="b3">φθείσω</b>, v. infr. 11) <span class="bibl">Il.11.821</span> (φθειται <span class="title">PGen.</span> (ii B. C.)), <span class="bibl">19.329</span>, <span class="bibl">24.86</span> (v.l.), <span class="bibl">Od.13.384</span>: aor. 1 <b class="b3">φθίσασθαι</b> (ἀπο-) <span class="bibl">Q.S. 14.545</span>: 3pl. aor. Pass. <b class="b3">ἔφθῐθεν</b>, v. [[ἀποφθίνω]]: aor. 2 ἐφθίμην, ἔφθῐσο <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Th.</span>971</span> (lyr.); ἔφθῐτο <span class="bibl">Il.18.100</span>, <span class="bibl">Thgn.1141</span> (nisi leg. <b class="b3">ἔφθιται</b>), <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Eu.</span>458</span>, <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">OT</span>962</span>, <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Alc.</span>414</span> (lyr.); 3pl. ἐφθίατο <span class="bibl">Il.1.251</span>; imper. 3sg. <b class="b3">φθίσθω</b> (ἀπο-) <span class="bibl">8.429</span>; Ep. subj. φθίεται <span class="bibl">20.173</span>, φθιόμεσθα <span class="bibl">14.87</span>; opt. <b class="b3">φθίμην</b> (ἀπο-) <span class="bibl">Od.10.51</span>, <b class="b3">φθῖτο</b> (φθῖτ') <span class="bibl">11.330</span> (the v.l. φθεῖτ' is incorrect); inf. φθίσθαι <span class="bibl">Il.9.246</span>, <span class="bibl">13.667</span>, <span class="bibl">Od.14.117</span>, <span class="bibl">15.354</span>, (κατα-) <span class="bibl">2.183</span> (always with incorrect v. l. <b class="b3">φθεῖσθαι</b>); part. <b class="b3">φθίμενος</b>, v. infr. <span class="bibl">1.2</span>: rare in pf., ἔφθιται <span class="bibl">Od.20.340</span>, 3pl. ἐξ-έφθινται <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Pers.</span>679</span> (lyr.). [Hom. has ῑ in <b class="b3">φθίῃς</b> (infr.<span class="bibl">1.2</span>), ῐ in <b class="b3">ἔφθιεν</b> (infr.), <b class="b3">φθιόμεσθα, φθίεται</b>: ῑ always in fut. and aor. <b class="b3">φθίσω, φθίσομαι, ἔφθισα</b> (sed v. infr. <span class="bibl">11</span>), cf. <b class="b3">φθῑσήνωρ, φθῑσίμβροτος</b> (qq. v.): ῐ always in aor. and pf. Pass. (v. supr.), exc. in opt. (v. supr.):—Hom. also uses ῑ in <b class="b3">φθίνω</b> (prob. fr. <b class="b3">*φθῐ-νϝω</b>, cf. [[φθίνυθω]]) whereas ῐ always in φθῐνω in Pi. and Trag., who use ῐ even in <b class="b3">ἔφθισα</b>, v. infr. 11.] (Cf. <b class="b3">ψίνω, ψινάς, ψίσις</b>: <b class="b3">φθῐ-</b> and <b class="b3">ψῐ-</b> correspond to Skt. <b class="b2">k[snull ]i-</b>, pres. <b class="b2">k[snull ]iṇā´ti, k[snull ]iṇóti</b>, 'he destroys', Pass. <b class="b2">K[snull ][imacracute]yante</b> 'they perish', <b class="b2">ák[snull ]itas</b> ( = [[ἄφθιτος]]) 'imperishable', fut. stem <b class="b2">k[snull ]e[snull ]ya-</b> ( = [[φθεισο-]]), aor. stem <b class="b2">k[snull ]e[snull ]-</b> (= <b class="b3">φθεισ-</b>).) </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">I</span> <b class="b2">decay, wane</b>, of Time, <b class="b3">πρίν κεν νὺξ φθῖτο</b> (opt. aor.) first would the night <b class="b2">be come to an end</b>, <span class="bibl">Od.11.330</span>: τῆς νῦν φθιμένης νυκτός <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">Aj.</span>141</span> (anap.); in this sense mostly in pres. <b class="b3">φθίνω, φθίνουσιν νύκτες τε καὶ ἤματα</b> they <b class="b2">wane</b> or <b class="b2">pass away</b>, <span class="bibl">Od.11.183</span>, etc.; <b class="b3">μηδέ τοι αἰὼν φθινέτω</b> <b class="b2">let</b> not thy life <b class="b2">be wasted</b>, <span class="bibl">5.161</span>: esp. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">b</span> of the moon, <b class="b2">wane</b>, [σελήνη] αὐξανομένη καὶ φθίνουσα <span class="bibl">Arist.<span class="title">Cael.</span> 291b20</span>; hence, in monthly reckoning, <b class="b3">μηνῶν φθινόντων</b> in the moon's <b class="b2">wane</b>, i.e. towards the month's end, <span class="bibl">10.470</span>, etc.; later, <b class="b3">μὴν φθίνων</b>, the last <b class="b2">decad</b>, IG12.298.17, 328.13, <span class="bibl">Th.5.54</span>, etc.; opp. <b class="b3">ἱστάμενος</b> (ἵστημι B. 111.4), <b class="b3">μεσῶν</b>, but in Hom., the <b class="b2">second half</b> of the month (τοῦ μὲν φθίνοντος μηνός, τοῦ δ' ἱσταμένοιο), <span class="bibl">Od.14.162</span>, <span class="bibl">19.307</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">c</span> of the stars, <b class="b2">decline, set</b>, <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Ag.</span>7</span> (prob. interpol.). </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">2</span> of persons, <b class="b2">waste away, pine, perish</b>, ὥς κε δόλῳ φθίῃς <span class="bibl">Od.2.368</span> (perh. aor. subj. with ῑ metri grat.); <b class="b3">ἤτοι ὁ τῆς ἀχέων φρένας ἔφθιεν</b> <b class="b2">was wasting away</b> in mind, <span class="bibl">Il.18.446</span> (perh. trans., <b class="b2">causing</b> his heart <b class="b2">to pine</b>; prob. impf., but possibly aor.); φθίνει καὶ μαραίνεται νόσῳ <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Alc.</span>203</span>; ἐκ φόνων <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">Tr.</span>558</span>; <b class="b3">οἱ φθίνοντες</b> <b class="b2">consumptive</b> people, <span class="bibl">Hp.<span class="title">Aph.</span>3.10</span>, cf. <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Epid.</span>1.24</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">b</span> of life, strength, etc., οὐ φθίνει ἀρετά <span class="bibl">Pi.<span class="title">P.</span>1.94</span>; φθίνει μὲν ἰσχὺς γῆς φ. δὲ σώματος <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">OC</span>610</span>, cf. <span class="bibl"><span class="title">OT</span>665</span> (lyr.); ὕβρις . . ἀνθεῖ τε καὶ πάλιν φ. <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Fr.</span>786</span>; ἥβην τὴν μὲν ἕρπουσαν πρόσω, τὴν δὲ φθίνουσαν <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Tr.</span>548</span>; τοῖς μὲν αὔξεται βίος, τῶν δὲ φθίνει <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Fr.</span>415.5</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Phd.</span>71b</span>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Ti.</span>81b</span>, etc.; c. dat. modi, πόλις φθίνουσα μὲν κάλυξιν... φθίνουσα δ' ἀγέλαις <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">OT</span>25</span>; of things, <b class="b2">fade away, disappear</b>, ἐδεστὸν ἐξ αὑτοῦ φ. καὶ ψῇ <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Tr.</span>677</span>; τὸ σῶμα φθίνει <span class="bibl">Hp.<span class="title">Loc.Hom.</span>24</span>; metaph., φθίνοντα Ααΐου θέσφατα <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">OT</span>906</span> (lyr.), cf. <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Ant.</span>1013</span>:—Pass., αὐτὸς φθίεται <span class="bibl">Il.20.173</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">14.87</span>; more freq. in fut. and aor., <b class="b3">ἤδη φθ&lt;ε&gt;ίσονται</b> <span class="bibl">11.821</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">19.329</span>, <span class="bibl">Od.13.384</span>; τηλόθι πάτρης ἔφθιτο <span class="bibl">Il.18.100</span>; δύο γενεαὶ μερόπων ἀνθρώπων ἐφθίατο <span class="bibl">1.251</span>; νούσῳ ὑπ' ἀργαλέῃ φθίσθαι <span class="bibl">13.667</span>; νόσοις ὁ τλήμων ἔφθιτο <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">OT</span>962</span>; <b class="b3">πρὸς φίλου ἔφθισο</b> <b class="b2">wast slain</b> by... <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Th.</span>971</span> (lyr.), cf. <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Med.</span>1414</span> (anap.): freq. in part. <b class="b3">φθίμενος</b>, <b class="b2">slain, dead</b>, <span class="bibl">Od.11.558</span>, al.; χερσὶν ὑπ' Ἀργείων φθίμενος <span class="bibl">Il.8.359</span>; ἐν πολέμῳ φθίμενον <span class="title">IG</span>12. 976; <b class="b3">φθίμενοι</b> <b class="b2">the dead</b>, φθιμένοισι μετείην <span class="bibl">Od.24.436</span>; <b class="b3">πενθήσει βασιλῆ φ</b>. Orac. ap. <span class="bibl">Hdt.7.220</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">Euph.21</span>; φθιμένων ζῳῶν τε φωτῶν <span class="bibl">Pi.<span class="title">I.</span> 4(3).10(28)</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">B.5.83</span>; φθιμένοισιν <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Th.</span>732</span> (lyr.); φθίμενος <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">Tr.</span> 1161</span>, cf. <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Ant.</span>836</span> (anap.); μηδέτιν' εἰπεῖν . . φθιμένων <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Hec.</span>137</span> (anap.): less freq. c. Art. (cf. [[φθιτός]]), τὸν φθίμενον <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Th.</span>336</span> (lyr., codd.); τῶν φ. <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Ag.</span>1023</span> (lyr.); τῶν πρότερον φ. <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Ch.</span>403</span> (anap.); <b class="b3">φ. δέμας, σῶμα</b>, <b class="b2">mortal</b>, IG9(1).882.9,12 (Corc.); <b class="b3">Φθιμένη</b> <b class="b2">Perishing</b>, personified as a goddess, Φυσώ τε Φ. τε <span class="bibl">Emp. 123.1</span>: rare in Prose, τοῖς φθιμένοις <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">Cyr.</span>8.7.18</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">II</span> Causal, in fut. <b class="b3">φθ (ε) ίσω,</b> aor. 1 <b class="b3">ἔφθ (ε) ισα</b> (usu. written <b class="b3">φθίσω, ἔφθισα</b> in codd., but correctly φθεισαν (<span class="bibl">Od.20.67</span>) in <span class="bibl"><span class="title">PHib.</span>1.23</span> (iii B. C.), <b class="b3">φθείσει</b> (<span class="bibl">Il.6.407</span>) in cod. A and <span class="title">Et.Gen.</span>cod.B (Miller <b class="b2">Mélanges</b> <span class="bibl">300</span>)), <b class="b2">cause to decay</b> or <b class="b2">pine away, consume, destroy</b>, φθ (ε) ίσει σε τὸ σὸν μένος <span class="bibl">Il.6.407</span>; <b class="b3">τὸν Πάτροκλος ἔμελλε φθ (ε) ίσειν</b> <span class="bibl">16.461</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">22.61</span>; οἳ μεμάασιν Ὀδυσσῆος φθ (ε) ῖσαι γόνον <span class="bibl">Od.4.741</span>; ἵνα φθ (ε) ίσωμεν ἑλόντες αὐτόν <span class="bibl">16.369</span>; <b class="b3">τόν ἔθελον φθ (ε) ῖσαι</b> ib.<span class="bibl">428</span>; τοκῆας . . φθ (ε) ῖσαν θεοί <span class="bibl">20.67</span>: rare in Trag. (only lyr., and in the form <b class="b3">ἔφθῐσα</b>), Μοίρας φθίσας <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Eu.</span>173</span>; τὸν . . ὑπὸ σῷ φθίσον κεραυνῷ <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">OT</span>202</span>; φυτὸν ἥμερον μήτε φθίνειν μήτε σίνεσθαι Pythag. ap. <span class="bibl">D.L.8.23</span>; <b class="b3">νῦν σε μοῖρα . . φθίνει, φθίνει</b> dub. in <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">El.</span>1414</span> (lyr., fort. σοι).</span>
|Definition=<b class="b3">ἔφθιον</b>, each once in Hom. (v. infr. <span class="bibl">1.2</span>), the common pres. being φθίνω, <span class="bibl">Od.5.161</span>, al. (also φθινύθω, q. v.): impf. <span class="sense"><p>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">A</span> ἔφθῐνον <span class="bibl">Hdt.3.29</span>, <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Ti.</span>77a</span>: fut. and aor. <b class="b3">φθ (ε) ίσω, e)/fq (e) ισα</b> and <b class="b3">ἔφθῐσα</b> (v. infr. <span class="bibl">11</span>): pf. <b class="b3">ἔφθῐκα</b> v. l. in Dsc.<span class="title">Praef.</span>6 (cf. [[φθινάω]]), (ἀπ-) <span class="bibl">Them.<span class="title">Or.</span>28.341d</span>:—Med. and Pass. (in same sense), fut. <b class="b3">φθίσομαι</b> (leg. <b class="b3">φθείσομαι</b>, in view of <b class="b3">φθείσω</b>, v. infr. 11) <span class="bibl">Il.11.821</span> (φθειται <span class="title">PGen.</span> (ii B. C.)), <span class="bibl">19.329</span>, <span class="bibl">24.86</span> (v.l.), <span class="bibl">Od.13.384</span>: aor. 1 <b class="b3">φθίσασθαι</b> (ἀπο-) <span class="bibl">Q.S. 14.545</span>: 3pl. aor. Pass. <b class="b3">ἔφθῐθεν</b>, v. [[ἀποφθίνω]]: aor. 2 ἐφθίμην, ἔφθῐσο <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Th.</span>971</span> (lyr.); ἔφθῐτο <span class="bibl">Il.18.100</span>, <span class="bibl">Thgn.1141</span> (nisi leg. <b class="b3">ἔφθιται</b>), <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Eu.</span>458</span>, <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">OT</span>962</span>, <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Alc.</span>414</span> (lyr.); 3pl. ἐφθίατο <span class="bibl">Il.1.251</span>; imper. 3sg. <b class="b3">φθίσθω</b> (ἀπο-) <span class="bibl">8.429</span>; Ep. subj. φθίεται <span class="bibl">20.173</span>, φθιόμεσθα <span class="bibl">14.87</span>; opt. <b class="b3">φθίμην</b> (ἀπο-) <span class="bibl">Od.10.51</span>, <b class="b3">φθῖτο</b> (φθῖτ') <span class="bibl">11.330</span> (the v.l. φθεῖτ' is incorrect); inf. φθίσθαι <span class="bibl">Il.9.246</span>, <span class="bibl">13.667</span>, <span class="bibl">Od.14.117</span>, <span class="bibl">15.354</span>, (κατα-) <span class="bibl">2.183</span> (always with incorrect v. l. <b class="b3">φθεῖσθαι</b>); part. <b class="b3">φθίμενος</b>, v. infr. <span class="bibl">1.2</span>: rare in pf., ἔφθιται <span class="bibl">Od.20.340</span>, 3pl. ἐξ-έφθινται <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Pers.</span>679</span> (lyr.). [Hom. has ῑ in <b class="b3">φθίῃς</b> (infr.<span class="bibl">1.2</span>), ῐ in <b class="b3">ἔφθιεν</b> (infr.), <b class="b3">φθιόμεσθα, φθίεται</b>: ῑ always in fut. and aor. <b class="b3">φθίσω, φθίσομαι, ἔφθισα</b> (sed v. infr. <span class="bibl">11</span>), cf. <b class="b3">φθῑσήνωρ, φθῑσίμβροτος</b> (qq. v.): ῐ always in aor. and pf. Pass. (v. supr.), exc. in opt. (v. supr.):—Hom. also uses ῑ in <b class="b3">φθίνω</b> (prob. fr. <b class="b3">*φθῐ-νϝω</b>, cf. [[φθίνυθω]]) whereas ῐ always in φθῐνω in Pi. and Trag., who use ῐ even in <b class="b3">ἔφθισα</b>, v. infr. 11.] (Cf. <b class="b3">ψίνω, ψινάς, ψίσις</b>: <b class="b3">φθῐ-</b> and <b class="b3">ψῐ-</b> correspond to Skt. <b class="b2">k[snull ]i-</b>, pres. <b class="b2">k[snull ]iṇā´ti, k[snull ]iṇóti</b>, 'he destroys', Pass. <b class="b2">K[snull ][imacracute]yante</b> 'they perish', <b class="b2">ák[snull ]itas</b> ( = [[ἄφθιτος]]) 'imperishable', fut. stem <b class="b2">k[snull ]e[snull ]ya-</b> ( = [[φθεισο-]]), aor. stem <b class="b2">k[snull ]e[snull ]-</b> (= <b class="b3">φθεισ-</b>).) </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">I</span> <b class="b2">decay, wane</b>, of Time, <b class="b3">πρίν κεν νὺξ φθῖτο</b> (opt. aor.) first would the night <b class="b2">be come to an end</b>, <span class="bibl">Od.11.330</span>: τῆς νῦν φθιμένης νυκτός <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">Aj.</span>141</span> (anap.); in this sense mostly in pres. <b class="b3">φθίνω, φθίνουσιν νύκτες τε καὶ ἤματα</b> they <b class="b2">wane</b> or <b class="b2">pass away</b>, <span class="bibl">Od.11.183</span>, etc.; <b class="b3">μηδέ τοι αἰὼν φθινέτω</b> <b class="b2">let</b> not thy life <b class="b2">be wasted</b>, <span class="bibl">5.161</span>: esp. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">b</span> of the moon, <b class="b2">wane</b>, [σελήνη] αὐξανομένη καὶ φθίνουσα <span class="bibl">Arist.<span class="title">Cael.</span> 291b20</span>; hence, in monthly reckoning, <b class="b3">μηνῶν φθινόντων</b> in the moon's <b class="b2">wane</b>, i.e. towards the month's end, <span class="bibl">10.470</span>, etc.; later, <b class="b3">μὴν φθίνων</b>, the last <b class="b2">decad</b>, IG12.298.17, 328.13, <span class="bibl">Th.5.54</span>, etc.; opp. <b class="b3">ἱστάμενος</b> (ἵστημι B. 111.4), <b class="b3">μεσῶν</b>, but in Hom., the <b class="b2">second half</b> of the month (τοῦ μὲν φθίνοντος μηνός, τοῦ δ' ἱσταμένοιο), <span class="bibl">Od.14.162</span>, <span class="bibl">19.307</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">c</span> of the stars, <b class="b2">decline, set</b>, <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Ag.</span>7</span> (prob. interpol.). </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">2</span> of persons, <b class="b2">waste away, pine, perish</b>, ὥς κε δόλῳ φθίῃς <span class="bibl">Od.2.368</span> (perh. aor. subj. with ῑ metri grat.); <b class="b3">ἤτοι ὁ τῆς ἀχέων φρένας ἔφθιεν</b> <b class="b2">was wasting away</b> in mind, <span class="bibl">Il.18.446</span> (perh. trans., <b class="b2">causing</b> his heart <b class="b2">to pine</b>; prob. impf., but possibly aor.); φθίνει καὶ μαραίνεται νόσῳ <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Alc.</span>203</span>; ἐκ φόνων <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">Tr.</span>558</span>; <b class="b3">οἱ φθίνοντες</b> <b class="b2">consumptive</b> people, <span class="bibl">Hp.<span class="title">Aph.</span>3.10</span>, cf. <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Epid.</span>1.24</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">b</span> of life, strength, etc., οὐ φθίνει ἀρετά <span class="bibl">Pi.<span class="title">P.</span>1.94</span>; φθίνει μὲν ἰσχὺς γῆς φ. δὲ σώματος <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">OC</span>610</span>, cf. <span class="bibl"><span class="title">OT</span>665</span> (lyr.); ὕβρις . . ἀνθεῖ τε καὶ πάλιν φ. <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Fr.</span>786</span>; ἥβην τὴν μὲν ἕρπουσαν πρόσω, τὴν δὲ φθίνουσαν <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Tr.</span>548</span>; τοῖς μὲν αὔξεται βίος, τῶν δὲ φθίνει <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Fr.</span>415.5</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Phd.</span>71b</span>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Ti.</span>81b</span>, etc.; c. dat. modi, πόλις φθίνουσα μὲν κάλυξιν... φθίνουσα δ' ἀγέλαις <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">OT</span>25</span>; of things, <b class="b2">fade away, disappear</b>, ἐδεστὸν ἐξ αὑτοῦ φ. καὶ ψῇ <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Tr.</span>677</span>; τὸ σῶμα φθίνει <span class="bibl">Hp.<span class="title">Loc.Hom.</span>24</span>; metaph., φθίνοντα Ααΐου θέσφατα <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">OT</span>906</span> (lyr.), cf. <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Ant.</span>1013</span>:—Pass., αὐτὸς φθίεται <span class="bibl">Il.20.173</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">14.87</span>; more freq. in fut. and aor., <b class="b3">ἤδη φθ&lt;ε&gt;ίσονται</b> <span class="bibl">11.821</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">19.329</span>, <span class="bibl">Od.13.384</span>; τηλόθι πάτρης ἔφθιτο <span class="bibl">Il.18.100</span>; δύο γενεαὶ μερόπων ἀνθρώπων ἐφθίατο <span class="bibl">1.251</span>; νούσῳ ὑπ' ἀργαλέῃ φθίσθαι <span class="bibl">13.667</span>; νόσοις ὁ τλήμων ἔφθιτο <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">OT</span>962</span>; <b class="b3">πρὸς φίλου ἔφθισο</b> <b class="b2">wast slain</b> by... <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Th.</span>971</span> (lyr.), cf. <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Med.</span>1414</span> (anap.): freq. in part. <b class="b3">φθίμενος</b>, <b class="b2">slain, dead</b>, <span class="bibl">Od.11.558</span>, al.; χερσὶν ὑπ' Ἀργείων φθίμενος <span class="bibl">Il.8.359</span>; ἐν πολέμῳ φθίμενον <span class="title">IG</span>12. 976; <b class="b3">φθίμενοι</b> <b class="b2">the dead</b>, φθιμένοισι μετείην <span class="bibl">Od.24.436</span>; <b class="b3">πενθήσει βασιλῆ φ</b>. Orac. ap. <span class="bibl">Hdt.7.220</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">Euph.21</span>; φθιμένων ζῳῶν τε φωτῶν <span class="bibl">Pi.<span class="title">I.</span> 4(3).10(28)</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">B.5.83</span>; φθιμένοισιν <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Th.</span>732</span> (lyr.); φθίμενος <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">Tr.</span> 1161</span>, cf. <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Ant.</span>836</span> (anap.); μηδέτιν' εἰπεῖν . . φθιμένων <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Hec.</span>137</span> (anap.): less freq. c. Art. (cf. [[φθιτός]]), τὸν φθίμενον <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Th.</span>336</span> (lyr., codd.); τῶν φ. <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Ag.</span>1023</span> (lyr.); τῶν πρότερον φ. <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Ch.</span>403</span> (anap.); <b class="b3">φ. δέμας, σῶμα</b>, <b class="b2">mortal</b>, IG9(1).882.9,12 (Corc.); <b class="b3">Φθιμένη</b> <b class="b2">Perishing</b>, personified as a goddess, Φυσώ τε Φ. τε <span class="bibl">Emp. 123.1</span>: rare in Prose, τοῖς φθιμένοις <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">Cyr.</span>8.7.18</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">II</span> Causal, in fut. <b class="b3">φθ (ε) ίσω,</b> aor. 1 <b class="b3">ἔφθ (ε) ισα</b> (usu. written <b class="b3">φθίσω, ἔφθισα</b> in codd., but correctly φθεισαν (<span class="bibl">Od.20.67</span>) in <span class="bibl"><span class="title">PHib.</span>1.23</span> (iii B. C.), <b class="b3">φθείσει</b> (<span class="bibl">Il.6.407</span>) in cod. A and <span class="title">Et.Gen.</span>cod.B (Miller <b class="b2">Mélanges</b> <span class="bibl">300</span>)), <b class="b2">cause to decay</b> or <b class="b2">pine away, consume, destroy</b>, φθ (ε) ίσει σε τὸ σὸν μένος <span class="bibl">Il.6.407</span>; <b class="b3">τὸν Πάτροκλος ἔμελλε φθ (ε) ίσειν</b> <span class="bibl">16.461</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">22.61</span>; οἳ μεμάασιν Ὀδυσσῆος φθ (ε) ῖσαι γόνον <span class="bibl">Od.4.741</span>; ἵνα φθ (ε) ίσωμεν ἑλόντες αὐτόν <span class="bibl">16.369</span>; <b class="b3">τόν ἔθελον φθ (ε) ῖσαι</b> ib.<span class="bibl">428</span>; τοκῆας . . φθ (ε) ῖσαν θεοί <span class="bibl">20.67</span>: rare in Trag. (only lyr., and in the form <b class="b3">ἔφθῐσα</b>), Μοίρας φθίσας <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Eu.</span>173</span>; τὸν . . ὑπὸ σῷ φθίσον κεραυνῷ <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">OT</span>202</span>; φυτὸν ἥμερον μήτε φθίνειν μήτε σίνεσθαι Pythag. ap. <span class="bibl">D.L.8.23</span>; <b class="b3">νῦν σε μοῖρα . . φθίνει, φθίνει</b> dub. in <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">El.</span>1414</span> (lyr., fort. σοι).</span>
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|ptext=[[https://www.translatum.gr/images/pape/pape-02-1271.png Seite 1271]] und impf. ἔφθιον, nur Il. 18, 446 Od. 2, 368, häufiger [[φθίνω]], sowohl trans., als intr., fut. φθίσω und aor. ἔφθισα nur trans.; intr. fut. φθίσομαι, perf. und plusqpf. ἔφθιμαι und ἐφθίμην, auch syncop. aor. ἐφθίμην, [[φθίσθαι]], φθίμενος, conj. φθίωμαι, φθίεται, Il. 20, 173, φθιόμεσθα statt φθιώμεθα, Il. 14, 87, opt. φθἰμην, φθῖο, [[φθῖτο]], Od. 10, 51. 11, 330; ἐφθικυῖαι hat Diosc. prooem. 1, 1 p. 6; vgl. auch [[φθινύθω]] und [[ἀποφθίθω]]; – 1) intrans., abnehmen,<b class="b2"> schwinden, hinschwinden</b>, vergehen; von der Zeit, [[μηδέ]] τοι αἰὼν φθινέτω Od. 5, 161, φθίνουσιν νύκτες, die Nächte schwinden hin, vergehen, 11, 183. 13, 338. 16, 39; [[πρίν]] κεν νὺξ [[φθῖτο]] 11, 330, eher wird die Nacht vergehen; μηνῶν φθινόντων 10, 470. 19, 153. 24, 143, d. i. indem die Monate abnahmen, hinschwanden, zu Ende gingen; Odyss. 14, 162. 19, 307 τοῦ μὲν φθίνοντος μηνός, τοῦ δ' ἱσταμένοιο, wenn der eine Monat zu Ende geht, der andere beginnt, d. h. zur Zeit des Neumondes; μὴν ἱστάμενος ist auch gradezu die erste Hälfte eines Monats, μὴν φθίνων die zweite, Hesiod. O. 780; nach einer anderen Bestimmung, die auch im Attischen Kalender herrscht, wird der Monat in drei Decaden eingetheilt, μὴν ἱστάμενος, die ersten zehn Tage des Monats, die erste Dekade, μὴν μεσῶν, die zweite, und μὴν φθίνων, die dritte Dekade, z. B. Thuc. 5, 54. – Οὐ φθίνει ἀρετά Pind. P. 1, 90; von den Gestirnen, untergehen, ἀστέρας, [[ὅταν]] φθίνωσιν, ἀντολάς τε τῶν Aesch. Ag. 7; so anch vom Alter, ὁρῶ μὲν ἥβην, τὴν μὲν ἕρπ ουσαν [[πρόσω]], τὴν δε φθίνουσαν Soph. Trach. 545; φθίνει μὲν ἰσχὺς γῆς, φθίνει δὲ σώματος O. C. 616, und öfter; φθίνοντα γὰρ Λαΐου θέσφατ' ἐξαιροῦσιν [[ἤδη]] 906, d. i. nicht beachtet werden; von Menschen, untergehn, sterben, ὥς κε δόλῳ φθίῃς Od. 2, 368; ἢ αὐτὸς φθίεται Il. 20, 173; [[ὄφρα]] φθιομεσθα 14, 87; Νέσσου φθίνοντος Soph. Tr. 555, vgl. El. 1406 Ant. 691; und so bes. fut. und aor. med., [[ἤδη]] φθίσονται Il. 11, 821, [[τηλόθι]] πάτρης ἔφθιτο Il. 18, 100; [[ἤδη]] δύο γενεαὶ μερόπων ἀνθρώπων [[ἐφθίατο]] 1, 251; χερσὶν ὑπ' Ἀργείων φθίμενος 8, 359, vgl. 16, 581 Od. 11, 558. 24, 436; νούσῳ ὑπ' ἀργαλέῃ [[φθίσθαι]] Il. 13, 667; φθίμενος Pind. P. 4, 112 N. 10, 59 I. 7, 60, der Todte, wie Tragg. oft, wie Orac. bei Her. 7, 220, wie bei sp. D., Add. 5 (VII, 305); πρὸς φίλου ἔφθισο Aesch. Spt. 954; ἔφθιθ' [[οὗτος]] οὐ [[καλῶς]] Eum. 436; νόσοις ὁ [[τλήμων]] ἔφθιτο Soph. O. R. 962; φθίνει καὶ μαραίνεται νόσῳ Eur. Alc. 201, u. öfter; in Prosa viel seltener : τοῖς ἐναντίοις φθίνει τε καὶ διόλλυται Plat. Phaedr. 246 e; φθίνει [[πᾶν]] im Ggstz von αὐξάνεται Tim. 81 b, vgl. Phaed. 71 b, und öfter im praes. und impf.; φθίμενος Xen. Cyr. 8, 7,18. – 2) trans., abnehmen oder schwinden machen, entkräften, aufreiben, vertilgen, zerstören; und von Menschen, umbringen, tödten; φρένας ἔφθιεν, das Herz fraß er, zehrte es in Gram auf, Il. 18, 446, was Andere intrans. fassen; so auch [[φθινύθω]] (s. oben); Sp. brauchen auch [[φθίνω]] so; sonst nur fut. u. aor. act., φθίσει σε τὸ σὸν [[μένος]], deine Kraft, dein Muth wird dich aufreiben, umbringen, Il. 6, 407; ὃν Ζεὺς φθίσει 22, 61; τόν οἱ [[Πάτροκλος]] ἔμελλεν φθίσειν 16, 461, τοκῆας μὲν φθίσαν θεοί Od. 20, 67; οἳ μεμάασιν Ὀδυσσῆος φθῖσαι [[γόνον]] 4, 741, wie 16, 428; ἵνα φθίσωμεν ἑλόντες αὐτόν ib. 369; παλαιγενεῖς δὲ Μοίρας φθίσας Aesch. Eum. 165; τὸν μέλεον φθίσας Soph. Trach. 1032; τὸν ὑπὸ σῷ φθίσον κεραυνῷ O. R. 202. – [Ι ist in [[φθίω]] praes. conj. Od. 2, 368 lang, im impt. ἔφθιεν kurz Il. 18, 446; im fut. u. im aor. act. ist es nur lang, z. B. Il. 16, 461. 22, 61. 24, 86 Od. 20, 67, dagegen im perf., plusquampf. und aor. sync. med. immer kurz, außer im opt. des letzteren, Od. 10, 51. 11, 330. – In [[φθίνω]] ist ι bei den Epikern lang, bei den Attikern kurz, auch schon bei Pind. P. 1, 90. – In ἀποφθιεῖν braucht Soph. Al. 1027, in ἀποφθίσαι Trach. 709 das ι kurz.]
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Revision as of 19:41, 2 August 2017

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Full diacritics: φθίω Medium diacritics: φθίω Low diacritics: φθίω Capitals: ΦΘΙΩ
Transliteration A: phthíō Transliteration B: phthiō Transliteration C: fthio Beta Code: fqi/w

English (LSJ)

ἔφθιον, each once in Hom. (v. infr. 1.2), the common pres. being φθίνω, Od.5.161, al. (also φθινύθω, q. v.): impf.

   A ἔφθῐνον Hdt.3.29, Pl.Ti.77a: fut. and aor. φθ (ε) ίσω, e)/fq (e) ισα and ἔφθῐσα (v. infr. 11): pf. ἔφθῐκα v. l. in Dsc.Praef.6 (cf. φθινάω), (ἀπ-) Them.Or.28.341d:—Med. and Pass. (in same sense), fut. φθίσομαι (leg. φθείσομαι, in view of φθείσω, v. infr. 11) Il.11.821 (φθειται PGen. (ii B. C.)), 19.329, 24.86 (v.l.), Od.13.384: aor. 1 φθίσασθαι (ἀπο-) Q.S. 14.545: 3pl. aor. Pass. ἔφθῐθεν, v. ἀποφθίνω: aor. 2 ἐφθίμην, ἔφθῐσο A.Th.971 (lyr.); ἔφθῐτο Il.18.100, Thgn.1141 (nisi leg. ἔφθιται), A.Eu.458, S.OT962, E.Alc.414 (lyr.); 3pl. ἐφθίατο Il.1.251; imper. 3sg. φθίσθω (ἀπο-) 8.429; Ep. subj. φθίεται 20.173, φθιόμεσθα 14.87; opt. φθίμην (ἀπο-) Od.10.51, φθῖτο (φθῖτ') 11.330 (the v.l. φθεῖτ' is incorrect); inf. φθίσθαι Il.9.246, 13.667, Od.14.117, 15.354, (κατα-) 2.183 (always with incorrect v. l. φθεῖσθαι); part. φθίμενος, v. infr. 1.2: rare in pf., ἔφθιται Od.20.340, 3pl. ἐξ-έφθινται A.Pers.679 (lyr.). [Hom. has ῑ in φθίῃς (infr.1.2), ῐ in ἔφθιεν (infr.), φθιόμεσθα, φθίεται: ῑ always in fut. and aor. φθίσω, φθίσομαι, ἔφθισα (sed v. infr. 11), cf. φθῑσήνωρ, φθῑσίμβροτος (qq. v.): ῐ always in aor. and pf. Pass. (v. supr.), exc. in opt. (v. supr.):—Hom. also uses ῑ in φθίνω (prob. fr. *φθῐ-νϝω, cf. φθίνυθω) whereas ῐ always in φθῐνω in Pi. and Trag., who use ῐ even in ἔφθισα, v. infr. 11.] (Cf. ψίνω, ψινάς, ψίσις: φθῐ- and ψῐ- correspond to Skt. k[snull ]i-, pres. k[snull ]iṇā´ti, k[snull ]iṇóti, 'he destroys', Pass. K[snull ][imacracute]yante 'they perish', ák[snull ]itas ( = ἄφθιτος) 'imperishable', fut. stem k[snull ]e[snull ]ya- ( = φθεισο-), aor. stem k[snull ]e[snull ]- (= φθεισ-).)    I decay, wane, of Time, πρίν κεν νὺξ φθῖτο (opt. aor.) first would the night be come to an end, Od.11.330: τῆς νῦν φθιμένης νυκτός S.Aj.141 (anap.); in this sense mostly in pres. φθίνω, φθίνουσιν νύκτες τε καὶ ἤματα they wane or pass away, Od.11.183, etc.; μηδέ τοι αἰὼν φθινέτω let not thy life be wasted, 5.161: esp.    b of the moon, wane, [σελήνη] αὐξανομένη καὶ φθίνουσα Arist.Cael. 291b20; hence, in monthly reckoning, μηνῶν φθινόντων in the moon's wane, i.e. towards the month's end, 10.470, etc.; later, μὴν φθίνων, the last decad, IG12.298.17, 328.13, Th.5.54, etc.; opp. ἱστάμενος (ἵστημι B. 111.4), μεσῶν, but in Hom., the second half of the month (τοῦ μὲν φθίνοντος μηνός, τοῦ δ' ἱσταμένοιο), Od.14.162, 19.307.    c of the stars, decline, set, A.Ag.7 (prob. interpol.).    2 of persons, waste away, pine, perish, ὥς κε δόλῳ φθίῃς Od.2.368 (perh. aor. subj. with ῑ metri grat.); ἤτοι ὁ τῆς ἀχέων φρένας ἔφθιεν was wasting away in mind, Il.18.446 (perh. trans., causing his heart to pine; prob. impf., but possibly aor.); φθίνει καὶ μαραίνεται νόσῳ E.Alc.203; ἐκ φόνων S.Tr.558; οἱ φθίνοντες consumptive people, Hp.Aph.3.10, cf. Epid.1.24.    b of life, strength, etc., οὐ φθίνει ἀρετά Pi.P.1.94; φθίνει μὲν ἰσχὺς γῆς φ. δὲ σώματος S.OC610, cf. OT665 (lyr.); ὕβρις . . ἀνθεῖ τε καὶ πάλιν φ. Id.Fr.786; ἥβην τὴν μὲν ἕρπουσαν πρόσω, τὴν δὲ φθίνουσαν Id.Tr.548; τοῖς μὲν αὔξεται βίος, τῶν δὲ φθίνει E.Fr.415.5, cf. Pl.Phd.71b, Ti.81b, etc.; c. dat. modi, πόλις φθίνουσα μὲν κάλυξιν... φθίνουσα δ' ἀγέλαις S.OT25; of things, fade away, disappear, ἐδεστὸν ἐξ αὑτοῦ φ. καὶ ψῇ Id.Tr.677; τὸ σῶμα φθίνει Hp.Loc.Hom.24; metaph., φθίνοντα Ααΐου θέσφατα S.OT906 (lyr.), cf. Ant.1013:—Pass., αὐτὸς φθίεται Il.20.173, cf. 14.87; more freq. in fut. and aor., ἤδη φθ<ε>ίσονται 11.821, cf. 19.329, Od.13.384; τηλόθι πάτρης ἔφθιτο Il.18.100; δύο γενεαὶ μερόπων ἀνθρώπων ἐφθίατο 1.251; νούσῳ ὑπ' ἀργαλέῃ φθίσθαι 13.667; νόσοις ὁ τλήμων ἔφθιτο S.OT962; πρὸς φίλου ἔφθισο wast slain by... A.Th.971 (lyr.), cf. E.Med.1414 (anap.): freq. in part. φθίμενος, slain, dead, Od.11.558, al.; χερσὶν ὑπ' Ἀργείων φθίμενος Il.8.359; ἐν πολέμῳ φθίμενον IG12. 976; φθίμενοι the dead, φθιμένοισι μετείην Od.24.436; πενθήσει βασιλῆ φ. Orac. ap. Hdt.7.220, cf. Euph.21; φθιμένων ζῳῶν τε φωτῶν Pi.I. 4(3).10(28), cf. B.5.83; φθιμένοισιν A.Th.732 (lyr.); φθίμενος S.Tr. 1161, cf. Ant.836 (anap.); μηδέτιν' εἰπεῖν . . φθιμένων E.Hec.137 (anap.): less freq. c. Art. (cf. φθιτός), τὸν φθίμενον A.Th.336 (lyr., codd.); τῶν φ. Id.Ag.1023 (lyr.); τῶν πρότερον φ. Id.Ch.403 (anap.); φ. δέμας, σῶμα, mortal, IG9(1).882.9,12 (Corc.); Φθιμένη Perishing, personified as a goddess, Φυσώ τε Φ. τε Emp. 123.1: rare in Prose, τοῖς φθιμένοις X.Cyr.8.7.18.    II Causal, in fut. φθ (ε) ίσω, aor. 1 ἔφθ (ε) ισα (usu. written φθίσω, ἔφθισα in codd., but correctly φθεισαν (Od.20.67) in PHib.1.23 (iii B. C.), φθείσει (Il.6.407) in cod. A and Et.Gen.cod.B (Miller Mélanges 300)), cause to decay or pine away, consume, destroy, φθ (ε) ίσει σε τὸ σὸν μένος Il.6.407; τὸν Πάτροκλος ἔμελλε φθ (ε) ίσειν 16.461, cf. 22.61; οἳ μεμάασιν Ὀδυσσῆος φθ (ε) ῖσαι γόνον Od.4.741; ἵνα φθ (ε) ίσωμεν ἑλόντες αὐτόν 16.369; τόν ἔθελον φθ (ε) ῖσαι ib.428; τοκῆας . . φθ (ε) ῖσαν θεοί 20.67: rare in Trag. (only lyr., and in the form ἔφθῐσα), Μοίρας φθίσας A.Eu.173; τὸν . . ὑπὸ σῷ φθίσον κεραυνῷ S.OT202; φυτὸν ἥμερον μήτε φθίνειν μήτε σίνεσθαι Pythag. ap. D.L.8.23; νῦν σε μοῖρα . . φθίνει, φθίνει dub. in S.El.1414 (lyr., fort. σοι).

German (Pape)

[Seite 1271] und impf. ἔφθιον, nur Il. 18, 446 Od. 2, 368, häufiger φθίνω, sowohl trans., als intr., fut. φθίσω und aor. ἔφθισα nur trans.; intr. fut. φθίσομαι, perf. und plusqpf. ἔφθιμαι und ἐφθίμην, auch syncop. aor. ἐφθίμην, φθίσθαι, φθίμενος, conj. φθίωμαι, φθίεται, Il. 20, 173, φθιόμεσθα statt φθιώμεθα, Il. 14, 87, opt. φθἰμην, φθῖο, φθῖτο, Od. 10, 51. 11, 330; ἐφθικυῖαι hat Diosc. prooem. 1, 1 p. 6; vgl. auch φθινύθω und ἀποφθίθω; – 1) intrans., abnehmen, schwinden, hinschwinden, vergehen; von der Zeit, μηδέ τοι αἰὼν φθινέτω Od. 5, 161, φθίνουσιν νύκτες, die Nächte schwinden hin, vergehen, 11, 183. 13, 338. 16, 39; πρίν κεν νὺξ φθῖτο 11, 330, eher wird die Nacht vergehen; μηνῶν φθινόντων 10, 470. 19, 153. 24, 143, d. i. indem die Monate abnahmen, hinschwanden, zu Ende gingen; Odyss. 14, 162. 19, 307 τοῦ μὲν φθίνοντος μηνός, τοῦ δ' ἱσταμένοιο, wenn der eine Monat zu Ende geht, der andere beginnt, d. h. zur Zeit des Neumondes; μὴν ἱστάμενος ist auch gradezu die erste Hälfte eines Monats, μὴν φθίνων die zweite, Hesiod. O. 780; nach einer anderen Bestimmung, die auch im Attischen Kalender herrscht, wird der Monat in drei Decaden eingetheilt, μὴν ἱστάμενος, die ersten zehn Tage des Monats, die erste Dekade, μὴν μεσῶν, die zweite, und μὴν φθίνων, die dritte Dekade, z. B. Thuc. 5, 54. – Οὐ φθίνει ἀρετά Pind. P. 1, 90; von den Gestirnen, untergehen, ἀστέρας, ὅταν φθίνωσιν, ἀντολάς τε τῶν Aesch. Ag. 7; so anch vom Alter, ὁρῶ μὲν ἥβην, τὴν μὲν ἕρπ ουσαν πρόσω, τὴν δε φθίνουσαν Soph. Trach. 545; φθίνει μὲν ἰσχὺς γῆς, φθίνει δὲ σώματος O. C. 616, und öfter; φθίνοντα γὰρ Λαΐου θέσφατ' ἐξαιροῦσιν ἤδη 906, d. i. nicht beachtet werden; von Menschen, untergehn, sterben, ὥς κε δόλῳ φθίῃς Od. 2, 368; ἢ αὐτὸς φθίεται Il. 20, 173; ὄφρα φθιομεσθα 14, 87; Νέσσου φθίνοντος Soph. Tr. 555, vgl. El. 1406 Ant. 691; und so bes. fut. und aor. med., ἤδη φθίσονται Il. 11, 821, τηλόθι πάτρης ἔφθιτο Il. 18, 100; ἤδη δύο γενεαὶ μερόπων ἀνθρώπων ἐφθίατο 1, 251; χερσὶν ὑπ' Ἀργείων φθίμενος 8, 359, vgl. 16, 581 Od. 11, 558. 24, 436; νούσῳ ὑπ' ἀργαλέῃ φθίσθαι Il. 13, 667; φθίμενος Pind. P. 4, 112 N. 10, 59 I. 7, 60, der Todte, wie Tragg. oft, wie Orac. bei Her. 7, 220, wie bei sp. D., Add. 5 (VII, 305); πρὸς φίλου ἔφθισο Aesch. Spt. 954; ἔφθιθ' οὗτος οὐ καλῶς Eum. 436; νόσοις ὁ τλήμων ἔφθιτο Soph. O. R. 962; φθίνει καὶ μαραίνεται νόσῳ Eur. Alc. 201, u. öfter; in Prosa viel seltener : τοῖς ἐναντίοις φθίνει τε καὶ διόλλυται Plat. Phaedr. 246 e; φθίνει πᾶν im Ggstz von αὐξάνεται Tim. 81 b, vgl. Phaed. 71 b, und öfter im praes. und impf.; φθίμενος Xen. Cyr. 8, 7,18. – 2) trans., abnehmen oder schwinden machen, entkräften, aufreiben, vertilgen, zerstören; und von Menschen, umbringen, tödten; φρένας ἔφθιεν, das Herz fraß er, zehrte es in Gram auf, Il. 18, 446, was Andere intrans. fassen; so auch φθινύθω (s. oben); Sp. brauchen auch φθίνω so; sonst nur fut. u. aor. act., φθίσει σε τὸ σὸν μένος, deine Kraft, dein Muth wird dich aufreiben, umbringen, Il. 6, 407; ὃν Ζεὺς φθίσει 22, 61; τόν οἱ Πάτροκλος ἔμελλεν φθίσειν 16, 461, τοκῆας μὲν φθίσαν θεοί Od. 20, 67; οἳ μεμάασιν Ὀδυσσῆος φθῖσαι γόνον 4, 741, wie 16, 428; ἵνα φθίσωμεν ἑλόντες αὐτόν ib. 369; παλαιγενεῖς δὲ Μοίρας φθίσας Aesch. Eum. 165; τὸν μέλεον φθίσας Soph. Trach. 1032; τὸν ὑπὸ σῷ φθίσον κεραυνῷ O. R. 202. – [Ι ist in φθίω praes. conj. Od. 2, 368 lang, im impt. ἔφθιεν kurz Il. 18, 446; im fut. u. im aor. act. ist es nur lang, z. B. Il. 16, 461. 22, 61. 24, 86 Od. 20, 67, dagegen im perf., plusquampf. und aor. sync. med. immer kurz, außer im opt. des letzteren, Od. 10, 51. 11, 330. – In φθίνω ist ι bei den Epikern lang, bei den Attikern kurz, auch schon bei Pind. P. 1, 90. – In ἀποφθιεῖν braucht Soph. Al. 1027, in ἀποφθίσαι Trach. 709 das ι kurz.]