πείνη: Difference between revisions
τὸ δὲ μέλλον ἀκριβῶς οἶδεν οὐδεὶς θνατὸς ὅπᾳ φέρεται → but as for the future no mortal knows for certain where he is bound
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|elrutext='''πείνη:''' ἡ ион. = [[πεῖνα]]. | |elrutext='''πείνη:''' ἡ ион. = [[πεῖνα]]. | ||
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|etymtx=Grammatical information: f.<br />Meaning: [[hunger]], [[famine]] (ο 407, Pl.).<br />Other forms: younger <b class="b3">πεῖνα</b> (Pl. R. 437d, Arist.)<br />Compounds: As 2. member in <b class="b3">γεω-πείνης</b> <b class="b2">hungry for land, poor in land</b> (Hdt.) with retained <b class="b3">-η-ς</b> (cf. Schwyzer 451; not with Fraenkel Nom. ag. 2, 101 from <b class="b3">πεινῆν</b>); with transition in the <b class="b3">ο-</b>stems <b class="b3">ὀξύ-πεινος</b> <b class="b2">very hungry</b> (Arist.), <b class="b3">πρόσ-πεινος</b> [[hungry]] (medic., Act. Ap. 10, 10).<br />Derivatives: <b class="b3">πειν-αλέος</b> [[hungry]] (com., Plu., AP; after <b class="b3">διψαλέος</b> a.o.), <b class="b3">-ώδης</b> <b class="b2">id.</b> (Gal.). -- Beside <b class="b3">πείνη</b>, <b class="b3">-α</b> stands a verb <b class="b2">to hunger, to be hungry</b> in <b class="b3">πεινάων</b> ptc. (Il.), <b class="b3">πεινήμεναι</b> inf. (υ 137), <b class="b3">πειν-ῆν</b>, -ῃ̃<b class="b3">ς</b>, -ῃ̃ (Ar., Pl.). <b class="b3">-ήσω</b>, <b class="b3">-ῆσαι</b>, <b class="b3">πε-πείνηκα</b> (Hdt., Att.); later <b class="b3">πειν-ᾶν</b>, -ᾳ̃, <b class="b3">-άσω</b>, <b class="b3">-ᾶσαι</b> (LXX); rarely with <b class="b3">δια-</b>, <b class="b3">ὑπο-</b>, <b class="b3">ὑπερ-</b>, <b class="b3">ἀνα-</b>. The pair <b class="b3">πείνη</b>, <b class="b3">-α</b>: <b class="b3">πεινῆν</b> is parallel to the close <b class="b3">δίψα</b>, <b class="b3">-η</b>: <b class="b3">διψῆν</b>. Like <b class="b3">δίψα</b> to <b class="b3">διψῆν</b> could also <b class="b3">πείνη</b> be a backformation to <b class="b3">πεινῆν</b>; the two sytems may have inflenced each other, which makes a judgement more difficult.<br />Origin: XX [etym. unknown]<br />Etymology: Not certainly explained. Hypothetical comparisons with Lat. [[paene]], [[pēnūria]] and with <b class="b3">πένομαι</b> in Curtius 271, Prellwitz and Bq; also WP. 2, 8 a. 661, Pok. 988, Hofmann Et. Wb. s.v.; cf. also Georgacas <b class="b3">Ἀφιέρ</b>. <b class="b3">Τριανταφυλλίδη</b> 512 f. The explanation of <b class="b3">πεινῆν</b> from <b class="b3">πενι̯-ασ-ι̯ω</b> to Lat. [[āreō]] (Schulze Kl. Schr. 328f.) is to be rejected. Cf. [[δίψα]] w. lit. On the formation also Scheller Oxytonierung 39 A. 3 (w. lit.). - Furnée 339, 378 compares <b class="b3">ἠ-παν-ᾳ̃</b>\/<b class="b3">εῖ ἀπορεῖ</b>, which is rather doubtful. - <b class="b3">πεῖνα</b> may be the older form (De Lamberterie, RPh. LXXIV (2000)280; in that case the short <b class="b3">-α</b> may be the Pre-Greek ending. | |||
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Revision as of 06:20, 3 January 2019
English (LSJ)
A v. πεῖνα.
German (Pape)
[Seite 545] ἡ, ion. u. ep. statt πεῖνα, Od. 15, 407; doch auch im Attischen (s. oben), vgl. Piers. Moeris p. 184 u. Lob. Phryn. p. 438. 499.
French (Bailly abrégé)
ion. c. πείνα.
English (Autenrieth)
Greek Monolingual
ἡ, Α
ιων. τ. βλ. πείνα (Ι).
Russian (Dvoretsky)
πείνη: ἡ ион. = πεῖνα.
Frisk Etymological English
Grammatical information: f.
Meaning: hunger, famine (ο 407, Pl.).
Other forms: younger πεῖνα (Pl. R. 437d, Arist.)
Compounds: As 2. member in γεω-πείνης hungry for land, poor in land (Hdt.) with retained -η-ς (cf. Schwyzer 451; not with Fraenkel Nom. ag. 2, 101 from πεινῆν); with transition in the ο-stems ὀξύ-πεινος very hungry (Arist.), πρόσ-πεινος hungry (medic., Act. Ap. 10, 10).
Derivatives: πειν-αλέος hungry (com., Plu., AP; after διψαλέος a.o.), -ώδης id. (Gal.). -- Beside πείνη, -α stands a verb to hunger, to be hungry in πεινάων ptc. (Il.), πεινήμεναι inf. (υ 137), πειν-ῆν, -ῃ̃ς, -ῃ̃ (Ar., Pl.). -ήσω, -ῆσαι, πε-πείνηκα (Hdt., Att.); later πειν-ᾶν, -ᾳ̃, -άσω, -ᾶσαι (LXX); rarely with δια-, ὑπο-, ὑπερ-, ἀνα-. The pair πείνη, -α: πεινῆν is parallel to the close δίψα, -η: διψῆν. Like δίψα to διψῆν could also πείνη be a backformation to πεινῆν; the two sytems may have inflenced each other, which makes a judgement more difficult.
Origin: XX [etym. unknown]
Etymology: Not certainly explained. Hypothetical comparisons with Lat. paene, pēnūria and with πένομαι in Curtius 271, Prellwitz and Bq; also WP. 2, 8 a. 661, Pok. 988, Hofmann Et. Wb. s.v.; cf. also Georgacas Ἀφιέρ. Τριανταφυλλίδη 512 f. The explanation of πεινῆν from πενι̯-ασ-ι̯ω to Lat. āreō (Schulze Kl. Schr. 328f.) is to be rejected. Cf. δίψα w. lit. On the formation also Scheller Oxytonierung 39 A. 3 (w. lit.). - Furnée 339, 378 compares ἠ-παν-ᾳ̃\/εῖ ἀπορεῖ, which is rather doubtful. - πεῖνα may be the older form (De Lamberterie, RPh. LXXIV (2000)280; in that case the short -α may be the Pre-Greek ending.
