λωΐων: Difference between revisions
ποταμῷ γὰρ οὐκ ἔστιν ἐμβῆναι δὶς τῷ αὐτῷ → it is impossible to step twice in the same river, you cannot step twice into the same rivers
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|Definition=([[λῶ]]), ὁ, ἡ, [[λώϊον]], τό, gen. ονος; Att. [[λῴων]], [[λῷον]], <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Pers.</span> 526</span>; acc. sg. and neut. pl. <span class="sense"> | |Definition=([[λῶ]]), ὁ, ἡ, [[λώϊον]], τό, gen. ονος; Att. [[λῴων]], [[λῷον]], <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Pers.</span> 526</span>; acc. sg. and neut. pl. <span class="sense"><span class="bld">A</span> [[λῴω]] <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">Ph.</span>1079</span>, <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Phlb.</span>11b</span>; acc. pl. λῴους <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">Tr.</span>736</span>: also an [[o]]-stem [[λώϊος]] (Hdn.Gr.<span class="bibl">1.122</span>, <span class="bibl">Thgn.800</span>) from which come neut. pl. λώϊα <span class="bibl">Thgn.853</span>, <span class="bibl">Theoc.26.32</span>, and [[λῷα]] prob. in <span class="bibl">Thgn.96</span>: gen. pl. τῶν λῴων <span class="title">IG</span>12(9).1179.36 (Chalcis, ii A.D.):— [[more desirable]], [[more agreeable]], [[better]], Hom. only in neut., πολὺ λώϊόν [[ἐστι]], [[τόδε]] λ. [[ἐστι]], <span class="bibl">Il.1.229</span>, <span class="bibl">Od.2.169</span>, al.; τῷ σε χρὴ δόμεναι καὶ λώϊον ἠέ περ ἄλλοι σίτου <span class="bibl">17.417</span>: as Adv., γνωσόμεθ' ἀλλήλων καὶ λώϊον <span class="bibl">23.109</span>; μετρεῖσθαι <span class="bibl">Hes.<span class="title">Op.</span>350</span>; but οὐκ… ἄλλη τῆσδε λωΐων γυνή <span class="bibl">Semon. 7.30</span>: also Comp. [[λωΐτερος]], α, ον, also used by Hom. only in neut., λωΐτερον καὶ ἄμεινον <span class="bibl">Od.1.376</span>, <span class="bibl">2.141</span>: masc. in <span class="bibl">A.R.3.850</span>, etc.: fem. in <span class="bibl">Call.<span class="title">Aet.</span>4.1.7</span>, <span class="title">AP</span>5.111.6 (Phld.).—In Trag. [[λῴων]] was used generally as Comp. of [[ἀγαθός]], <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Pers.</span>526</span>, etc.; φρόνησιν λαβεῖν λῴω <span class="bibl">S. <span class="title">Ph.</span>1079</span>; λῷον φρονεῖ <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">OT</span>1038</span>; λῴους φρένας ἀμείψασθαι <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Tr.</span> 736</span>; βίου λῴονος κυρῆσαι <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">OT</span>1513</span>; εἰς τὸ λῷον σὸν μεθέστηκεν κέαρ <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Med.</span>911</span>: sts. also in Prose, ἄμεινον καὶ λῷον <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Lg.</span>828a</span>; ἀμείνω καὶ λῴω <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Phlb.</span>11b</span>; λ. καὶ ἄμεινον <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">An.</span>6.2.15</span>, <span class="title">SIG</span>398.41 (Cos, iii B.C.), 1044.4 (Halic., iv/iii B.C.), cf. <span class="title">Berl.Sitzb.</span>1927.165 (Cyrene), etc. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">II</span> Sup. [[λῷστος]], η, ον, <span class="bibl">Thgn.255</span>; λῷστον δὲ τὸ ζῆν ἄνοσον <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">Fr.</span>356</span>; τὰ λῷστα βουλεύων <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Pr.</span>206</span>, etc.; [[παραινέσαι]] τὰ λ. ib. <span class="bibl">310</span>; τὰ λ. λέγειν <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Ag.</span>1053</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">Cratin.4</span> D.; [[ὦ λῷστε Πῶλε]] = [[my good friend]], like [[ὦ βέλτιστε]], <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Grg.</span>467b</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">Smp.</span>4.1</span>, etc.</span> | ||
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Revision as of 14:12, 30 December 2020
English (LSJ)
(λῶ), ὁ, ἡ, λώϊον, τό, gen. ονος; Att. λῴων, λῷον, A.Pers. 526; acc. sg. and neut. pl. A λῴω S.Ph.1079, Pl.Phlb.11b; acc. pl. λῴους S.Tr.736: also an o-stem λώϊος (Hdn.Gr.1.122, Thgn.800) from which come neut. pl. λώϊα Thgn.853, Theoc.26.32, and λῷα prob. in Thgn.96: gen. pl. τῶν λῴων IG12(9).1179.36 (Chalcis, ii A.D.):— more desirable, more agreeable, better, Hom. only in neut., πολὺ λώϊόν ἐστι, τόδε λ. ἐστι, Il.1.229, Od.2.169, al.; τῷ σε χρὴ δόμεναι καὶ λώϊον ἠέ περ ἄλλοι σίτου 17.417: as Adv., γνωσόμεθ' ἀλλήλων καὶ λώϊον 23.109; μετρεῖσθαι Hes.Op.350; but οὐκ… ἄλλη τῆσδε λωΐων γυνή Semon. 7.30: also Comp. λωΐτερος, α, ον, also used by Hom. only in neut., λωΐτερον καὶ ἄμεινον Od.1.376, 2.141: masc. in A.R.3.850, etc.: fem. in Call.Aet.4.1.7, AP5.111.6 (Phld.).—In Trag. λῴων was used generally as Comp. of ἀγαθός, A.Pers.526, etc.; φρόνησιν λαβεῖν λῴω S. Ph.1079; λῷον φρονεῖ Id.OT1038; λῴους φρένας ἀμείψασθαι Id.Tr. 736; βίου λῴονος κυρῆσαι Id.OT1513; εἰς τὸ λῷον σὸν μεθέστηκεν κέαρ E.Med.911: sts. also in Prose, ἄμεινον καὶ λῷον Pl.Lg.828a; ἀμείνω καὶ λῴω Id.Phlb.11b; λ. καὶ ἄμεινον X.An.6.2.15, SIG398.41 (Cos, iii B.C.), 1044.4 (Halic., iv/iii B.C.), cf. Berl.Sitzb.1927.165 (Cyrene), etc. II Sup. λῷστος, η, ον, Thgn.255; λῷστον δὲ τὸ ζῆν ἄνοσον S.Fr.356; τὰ λῷστα βουλεύων A.Pr.206, etc.; παραινέσαι τὰ λ. ib. 310; τὰ λ. λέγειν Id.Ag.1053, cf. Cratin.4 D.; ὦ λῷστε Πῶλε = my good friend, like ὦ βέλτιστε, Pl.Grg.467b, cf. X.Smp.4.1, etc.
French (Bailly abrégé)
ων, ον :
v. *λῶϊς.
Greek Monotonic
λωΐων: ὁ, ἡ, λώϊον, τό, Αττ. λῴων, λῷον, αιτ. ενικ. και ουδ. πληθ. λῴω (αντί λῴονα)· αιτ. πληθ. λῴους (αντί λῴονας), ουδ. λώϊα (από λάω Β, λῶ)·
I. περισσότερο επιθυμητός, περισσότερο ευχάριστος, και γενικά, καλύτερος, τόδελώιόν ἐστι, σε Όμηρ.· και ως επίρρ., καλύτερα, σε Ομήρ. Οδ.· επίσης, συγκρ. λωΐτερος, -ον, στο ουδ., λωίτερον καί ἄμεινον, στο ίδ.· στους Αττ. ποιητές, το λῴων χρησιμ. ως συγκρ. του ἀγαθός·
II. υπερθ. λῷστος, -η, -ον, σε Θέογν., Αττ.· τὰ λῷστα βουλεύειν, σε Αισχύλ.· ὦ λῷστε, ω! καλέ μου φίλε, σε Πλάτ.
Russian (Dvoretsky)
λωΐων: стяж. λῴων 2, gen. ονος (superl. λῷστος) [λῶ] более желательный, лучший (πολὺ λώϊόν ἐστι Hom.; ταῦτ᾽ ἐμοῦ λῷον φρονεῖ Soph.): λῷον καὶ ἄμεινον Xen. значительно целесообразнее; (в обращении) ὦ λῷστε! Xen., Plat. бесценный мой!
Frisk Etymological English
Grammatical information: adj.
Meaning: better, more desirable, more agreeable (Semon. 7, 30); superl. λῳ̃στος (Thgn., trag.), ᾦ λῳ̃στε (Pl.); details in v. Wilamowitz Eur. Her. v. 196, Seiler Steigerungsformen 88ff.
Other forms: Att. λῴων; ntr. λώϊον (Il.), Att. λῳ̃ον, with plur. λώϊα, λῳ̃α (Thgn., Theoc.) gen. τῶν λῴων (Chalcis IIp), also sing. m. λῳ̃ος (Hdn. Gr.); λωΐτερον (Od.), -ερος (A. R.), -έρη (Call., AP)
Origin: XX [etym. unknown]
Etymology: The first attested ntr. λῴϊον can be consiered both as ο-stem and as ν-stem; certain is the ο-stem only in the rare or late attested λώϊα, λῳ̃α, λῴων, λῳ̃ος. The ν-stem is ascertained by λωΐων and λῴονος, -ι (S.); the regularly alternating σ-stem appears in λῴω acc. sg. f. (S., Pl.) and λῴους acc. pl. f. (S.). From these data Leumann Mus. Helv. 2, 7ff. (= Kl. Schr. 220 f.) concluded, that the ο-forms originated as analogal formations to the wrongly as ο-stem interpreted λῴϊον and that λώϊον like λωΐων etc. is an old ν-stem (on the socalled absolute use Benveniste Noms d'agent 121ff.). Usually one takes with Güntert IF 27, 69ff. λωΐων etc. as transformed from a supposed positive λώϊον, λῳ̃ος (Bq, Brugmann-Thumb 247, Fraenkel Glotta 4, 44 n. 1 a. IF 59, 159f., WP. 2, 393, Risch 33c, Schwyzer 539). - The old connection with λῆν will, desire is by Güntert l.c. defended; as primary formations λωΐων, λῳ̃στος can as well go back on a verb as on a noun; cf. Leumann l.c. and Seiler Steigerungsformen l.c. Acc. to Curtius 363 a. o. (s. Bq) however to ἀπο-λαύω, λεία, λαρός (s. vv.), with perhaps Arm. law good, better (rejected by Güntert l.c.). Older attempts in Güntert and Bq, ans W.-Hofmann s. salvus.
Frisk Etymology German
λωΐων: (Semon. 7, 30),
{lōḯōn}
Forms: att. λῴων; ntr. λώϊον (ep. seit Il.), att. λῳ̃ον, wozu der Plur. λώϊα, λῳ̃α (Thgn., Theok.) m. dem Gen. τῶν λῴων (Chalkis IIp), auch Sing. m. λῳ̃ος (Hdn. Gr.); dazu λωΐτερον (Od.), -ερος (A. R.), -έρη (Kall., AP), Superl. λῳ̃στος (Thgn., Trag.), ᾦ λῳ̃στε (Pl. u.a.); Einzelheiten bei v. Wilamowitz Eur. Her. v. 196, Seiler Steigerungsformen 88ff.
Meaning: ‘vorzüglich(er), zuträglich(er), erwünscht, besser’;
Etymology : Das zuerst belegte Ntr. λῴϊον läßt sich sowohl als ο-Stamm wie als ν-Stamm auffassen; eindeutig liegt der ο-Stamm vor nur in den vereinzelt od. spät belegten λώϊα, λῳ̃α, λῴων, λῳ̃ος. Der ν-Stamm ist durch λωΐων und durch λῴονος, -ι (S.) gesichert; der damit regelmäßig alternierende σ-Stamm erscheint in λῴω Akk. sg. f. (S., Pl.) und λῴους Akk. pl. f. (S.). Aus diesem Sachverhalt hat Leumann Mus. Helv. 2, 7ff. (= Kl. Schr. 220 f.) den Schluß gezogen, daß die ο-Formen als Analogiebildungen zu dem als ο-Stamm falsch aufgefaßten λῴϊον entstanden sind und daß λώϊον wie λωΐων usw. ein alter ν-Stamm ist (zum sog. absoluten Gebrauch Benveniste Noms d’agent 121ff.). Gewöhnlich läßt man mit Güntert IF 27, 69ff. λωΐων usw. aus einem angebl. Positiv λώϊον, λῳ̃ος umgestaltet sein (Bq, Brugmann-Thumb 247, Fraenkel Glotta 4, 44 A. 1 u. IF 59, 159f., WP. 2, 393, Risch ̨ 33c, Schwyzer 539). — Die alte Zusammenstellung mit λῆν wollen, wünschen ist von Güntert a.a.O. näher begründet worden; als Primärbildungen können λωΐων, λῳ̃στος ebensowohl auf ein Verb wie auf ein Nomen zurückgehen; vgl. Leumann a.a.O. und Seiler Steigerungsformen a.a.O. Nach Curtius 363 u. a. (s. Bq) dagegen zu ἀπολαύω, λεία, λαρός (s. dd.), wozu allenfalls arm. law gut, besser (ablehnend Güntert a.a.O.). Ältere Versuche bei Güntert und Bq, auch bei W.-Hofmann s. salvus.
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