ὄρχις: Difference between revisions
φιλοκαλοῦμέν τε γὰρ μετ' εὐτελείας καὶ φιλοσοφοῦμεν ἄνευ μαλακίας → our love of what is beautiful does not lead to extravagance; our love of the things of the mind does not makes us soft
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|Transliteration C=orchis | |Transliteration C=orchis | ||
|Beta Code=o)/rxis | |Beta Code=o)/rxis | ||
|Definition=ιος and εως, ὁ, Att. nom. pl. | |Definition=ιος and εως, ὁ, Att. nom. pl. [[ὄρχεις]], Ion. [[ὄρχιες]], <span class="sense"><p> <span class="bld">A</span> [[testicle]], freq. in pl., [[testicles]], <span class="bibl">Hdt.4.109</span>, Hp.Aër.4, <span class="bibl">Eub.63.4</span> (anap.), etc. ; cf. [[ὄσχις]]. </span><span class="sense"> <span class="bld">2</span> in females, [[ovaries]], Gal.2.810, al. </span><span class="sense"> <span class="bld">II</span> plant so called from the form of its root, [[salep]], [[Orchis papilionacea]], and <b class="b2">O. longicruris</b>, <span class="bibl">Thphr. <span class="title">HP</span>9.18.3</span>, Dsc.3.126. </span><span class="sense"> <span class="bld">III</span> <b class="b3">ὄρχις, ἡ,</b> a kind of [[olive]], Colum.5.8; cf. [[ὀρχάς]] (B). (Cf. Avest. [[arazi]] 'testicles'.)</span> | ||
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{{etym | {{etym | ||
|etymtx=Grammatical information: m.<br />Meaning: [[testicles]] (IA.); also as a plant name [[orchis]], [[orchid]] (because of the root's shape; Thphr., Dsc.), [[sort of olive]] (after the fruit's shape; Colum.; Strömberg 37 a. 55).<br />Other forms: <b class="b3">-εως</b>, Ion. <b class="b3">-ιος</b>, mostly pl. <b class="b3">-εις</b>, <b class="b3">-ιες</b>.<br />Compounds: Compp., e.g. <b class="b3">ὀρχί-πεδα</b> n. pl. [[scrota]], [[testicles]] (Ar.; cf. Risch IF 59, 15) with <b class="b3">-πεδίζω</b> (Ar., H.); <b class="b3">ἔν-ορχις</b> [[provided with testicles]], [[uncastrated]] (Hdt., Luc.), also <b class="b3">ἔν-ορχ-ος</b> (Ψ 147, Hp.; on the stemfomation Sommer Nominalkomp. 111 f.), <b class="b3">ἐν-όρχ-ης</b> also [[buck]] (Ar., Arist., Theoc.; <b class="b3">-ης</b> substantiv., Schwyzer 451), <b class="b3">-ής</b> (MiletosVIa, with shift to the <b class="b3">σ-</b>stems, Schw. 513).<br />Derivatives: Dimin. | |etymtx=Grammatical information: m.<br />Meaning: [[testicles]] (IA.); also as a plant name [[orchis]], [[orchid]] (because of the root's shape; Thphr., Dsc.), [[sort of olive]] (after the fruit's shape; Colum.; Strömberg 37 a. 55).<br />Other forms: <b class="b3">-εως</b>, Ion. <b class="b3">-ιος</b>, mostly pl. <b class="b3">-εις</b>, <b class="b3">-ιες</b>.<br />Compounds: Compp., e.g. <b class="b3">ὀρχί-πεδα</b> n. pl. [[scrota]], [[testicles]] (Ar.; cf. Risch IF 59, 15) with <b class="b3">-πεδίζω</b> (Ar., H.); <b class="b3">ἔν-ορχις</b> [[provided with testicles]], [[uncastrated]] (Hdt., Luc.), also <b class="b3">ἔν-ορχ-ος</b> (Ψ 147, Hp.; on the stemfomation Sommer Nominalkomp. 111 f.), <b class="b3">ἐν-όρχ-ης</b> also [[buck]] (Ar., Arist., Theoc.; <b class="b3">-ης</b> substantiv., Schwyzer 451), <b class="b3">-ής</b> (MiletosVIa, with shift to the <b class="b3">σ-</b>stems, Schw. 513).<br />Derivatives: Dimin. [[ὀρχίδια]] pl. n. (Dsc.) and [[ὀρχάς]], <b class="b3">-άδος</b> f. [[sort of olive]] (Nic., Verg.; like [[κοτινάς]] a.o., Chantraine Form. 353).<br />Origin: IE [Indo-European] [782] <b class="b2">*h₃erǵʰ-</b> [[testicle]].<br />Etymology: Old inherited word, in several languages retained. With [[ὄρχις]] agree, ignoring enlargements, Arm. <b class="b2">orj-ik`</b> pl. [[testicles]], gen. <b class="b2">-woc̣</b> (IE <b class="b2">*orǵhi-i̯o-</b>), Alb. <b class="b2">herdhë</b> f. <b class="b2">id.</b>, MIr. [[uirgge]] f. <b class="b2">id.</b> (both IE <b class="b2">*orghi-i̯a</b>?); only in ablaut deviates Av. [[ǝrǝzi]] m. du. <b class="b2">id.</b> (IE <b class="b2">*r̥ǵhī</b>). An <b class="b2">l-</b>deriv. has Balt., e.g. Lith. <b class="b2">er̃žilas</b>, dial. <b class="b2">ar̃ž-</b> m. [[stallion]]. -- Details e. lit. in WP. 1, 182f., Pok. 782, Fraenkel Wb. s.v. | ||
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{{mdlsj | {{mdlsj |
Revision as of 17:45, 8 July 2020
English (LSJ)
ιος and εως, ὁ, Att. nom. pl. ὄρχεις, Ion. ὄρχιες,
A testicle, freq. in pl., testicles, Hdt.4.109, Hp.Aër.4, Eub.63.4 (anap.), etc. ; cf. ὄσχις. 2 in females, ovaries, Gal.2.810, al. II plant so called from the form of its root, salep, Orchis papilionacea, and O. longicruris, Thphr. HP9.18.3, Dsc.3.126. III ὄρχις, ἡ, a kind of olive, Colum.5.8; cf. ὀρχάς (B). (Cf. Avest. arazi 'testicles'.)
German (Pape)
[Seite 390] ιος u. εως, ὁ, plur. att. οἱ ὄρχεις, Soph. frg. 549, Ar. Nubb. 702 u. öfter, ion. ὄρχιες, – 1) die Hode, Her. 4, 109 u. Sp. – 2) eine Pflanze mit hodenförmigen Wurzelknollen, Theophr. u. Diosc. – Auch eine Olivenart, vgl. ὀρχάς.
Greek (Liddell-Scott)
ὄρχις: -ιος καὶ -εως, ὁ, Ἀττ. ὀνομαστ. πληθ. ὄρχεις, Ἰων. ὄρχιες, ὡς καὶ νῦν, κοινῶς «ἀρχῖδι», πληθ. ἀρχίδια», Ἡρόδ. 4. 109, Ἱππ. π. Ἀέρ. 282, κτλ.· πρβλ. ὄσχις. ΙΙ. φυτόν τι οὕτω καλούμενον ἐκ τοῦ σχήματος τῶν ῥιζῶν αὐτοῦ, Θεοφρ. περὶ Φυτ. Ἱστ. 9. 18, 3, Διοσκ. 3. 141. ΙΙΙ. ὄρχις, ἡ, εἶδος ἐλαίας, Columella· ἴδε ὀρχάς.
French (Bailly abrégé)
ιος, att. –εως (ὁ) ; plur. -ιες, att. -εις;
testicule.
Étymologie: DELG arm. orjik.
Greek Monotonic
ὄρχις: -ιος και -εως, Αττ. ονομ. πληθ. ὄρχεις, Ιων. ὄρχιες, ο ανδρικός γεννητικός αδένας, σε Ηρόδ.
Russian (Dvoretsky)
ὄρχις: ιος, атт. εως ὁ (pl. ὄρχιες, атт. ὄρχεις) (лат. testiculus) анат. яичко Her., Xen., Arph. etc.
Frisk Etymological English
Grammatical information: m.
Meaning: testicles (IA.); also as a plant name orchis, orchid (because of the root's shape; Thphr., Dsc.), sort of olive (after the fruit's shape; Colum.; Strömberg 37 a. 55).
Other forms: -εως, Ion. -ιος, mostly pl. -εις, -ιες.
Compounds: Compp., e.g. ὀρχί-πεδα n. pl. scrota, testicles (Ar.; cf. Risch IF 59, 15) with -πεδίζω (Ar., H.); ἔν-ορχις provided with testicles, uncastrated (Hdt., Luc.), also ἔν-ορχ-ος (Ψ 147, Hp.; on the stemfomation Sommer Nominalkomp. 111 f.), ἐν-όρχ-ης also buck (Ar., Arist., Theoc.; -ης substantiv., Schwyzer 451), -ής (MiletosVIa, with shift to the σ-stems, Schw. 513).
Derivatives: Dimin. ὀρχίδια pl. n. (Dsc.) and ὀρχάς, -άδος f. sort of olive (Nic., Verg.; like κοτινάς a.o., Chantraine Form. 353).
Origin: IE [Indo-European] [782] *h₃erǵʰ- testicle.
Etymology: Old inherited word, in several languages retained. With ὄρχις agree, ignoring enlargements, Arm. orj-ik` pl. testicles, gen. -woc̣ (IE *orǵhi-i̯o-), Alb. herdhë f. id., MIr. uirgge f. id. (both IE *orghi-i̯a?); only in ablaut deviates Av. ǝrǝzi m. du. id. (IE *r̥ǵhī). An l-deriv. has Balt., e.g. Lith. er̃žilas, dial. ar̃ž- m. stallion. -- Details e. lit. in WP. 1, 182f., Pok. 782, Fraenkel Wb. s.v.
Middle Liddell
the testicles, Hdt.
Frisk Etymology German
ὄρχις: {órkhis}
Forms: -εως, ion. -ιος, meist pl. -εις, -ιες
Grammar: m.
Meaning: Hoden (ion. att.), auch als Pflanzenname Orchis, Orchidee (wegen der Wurzelform; Thphr., Dsk.), Art Olive (nach der Form der Frucht; Colum.; Strömberg 37 u. 55).
Composita : Kompp., z.B. ὀρχίπεδα n. pl. Hodensäcke, Hoden (Ar.; vgl. Risch IF 59, 15) mit -πεδίζω (Ar., H.); ἔνορχις ‘mit H. versehen, unverschnitten’ (Hdt., Luk.), auch ἔνορχος (Ψ 147, Hp. u.a.; zur Stammbild. Sommer Nominalkomp. 111 f.), ἐνόρχης auch Bock (Ar., Arist., Theok.; -ης substantivierend, Schwyzer 451), -ής (MiletosVIa, mit Umbiegung in die σ-Stämme, Schw. 513).
Derivative: Davon das Demin. ὀρχίδια pl. n. (Dsk.) und ὀρχάς, -άδος f. Art Olive (Nik., Verg.; wie κοτινάς u.a., Chantraine Form. 353).
Etymology : Altes Erbwort, in mehreren Sprachen erhalten. Zu ὄρχις stimmen, von Erweiterungen im Auslaut abgesehen, arm. orj-ik‘ pl. Hoden, Gen. -woc̣ (idg. *orĝhi-i̯o-), alb. herdhë f. Hode, mir. uirgge f. ib. (beide idg. *orghi-i̯ā?); nur im Ablaut weicht ab aw. ərəzi m. du. Hoden (idg. *r̥ĝhī). Eine l-Ableitung liegt vor in balt., z.B. lit. er̃žilas, dial. ar̃ž- m. Hengst. — Einzelheiten m. Lit. bei WP. 1, 182f., Pok. 782, Fraenkel Wb. s.v.
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