ἀπολύω

English (LSJ)

[v. λύω], fut. -λύσω, etc.: fut. Pass.

   A ἀπολελύσομαι X.Cyr. 6.2.37:—loose from, ἱμάντα θοῶς ἀπέλυσε κορώνης Od.21.46; ὄφρ' ἀπὸ τοίχους λῦσε κλύδων τρόπιος the sides of the ship from the keel, ib.12.420; undo, ἀπὸ κρήδεμνον ἔλυσεν ib.3.392; ἐπιδέσματα Hp. Fract.25.    2 set free, release, relieve from, ἀ. τινὰ τῆς φρουρῆς Hdt. 2.30; τῆς ἐπιμελείας X.Cyr.8.3.47; τῶν ἐκεῖ κακῶν Pl.R.365a; τὴν ψυχὴν ἀπὸ τῆς τοῦ σώματος κοινωνίας Id.Phd.65a, cf. 67a; ἀ. τῆς μετρήσεως save them from the trouble of measuring, Arist.Pol.1257a40:— Pass., to be set free, τῶν δεινῶν, φόβου, Th.1.70, 7.56, etc.    b freq. in legal sense, ἀ. τῆς αἰτίης acquit of the charge, Hdt.9.88, X.An.6.6.15; opp. καταψηφίζω, Democr.262; τῆς εὐθύνης Ar.V.571: c. inf., ἀ. τινὰ μὴ φῶρα εἶναι acquit of being a thief, Hdt.2.174; so ἀπολύεται μὴ ἀδικεῖν Th.1.95, cf. 128: abs., acquit, Ar.V.988,1000, Lys.20.20, etc.    II in Il. always, = ἀπολυτρόω, release on receipt of ransom, οὐδ' ἀπέλυσε θύγατρα καὶ οὐκ ἀπεδέξατ' ἄποινα 1.95; Ἕκτορ' ἔχει . . οὐδ' ἀπέλυσεν 24.115, al.:—Med., set free by payment of ransom, ransom, redeem, χαλκοῦ τε χρυσοῦ τ' ἀπολυσόμεθ' at a price of .., Il.22.50 (but Act. in Prose, ἀπολύειν πολλῶν χρημάτων X.HG4.8.21).    2 let go, let alone, leave one, of an illness, Hp.Coac.564.    III discharge, disband an army, ἀ. οἴκαδε X.HG6.5.21; generally, dismiss, discharge, ἐμὲ . . ἀπέλυσ' ἄδειπνον Ar.Ach. 1155, cf. Bion 1.96.    2 divorce a wife, Ev.Matt.1.19, etc.; τὸν ἄνδρα D.S.12.18.    3 do away with, remove, αἰσχύνην D.20.47:—Pass., Antipho 2.1.5.    4 discharge or pay a debt, Pl.Cra.417b; pay, ἀ. τὸν χαλκόν PTeb.490 (i B. C.); pay off a mortgage, POxy.509.15.    5 dismiss a charge, εἰσαγγελία ὑπὸ τοῦ κατηγόρου ἀπολελυμένη Hyp.Eux.38.    IV ἀ. ἀνδράποδα Θρᾳξίν sell, Antipho 5.20; ἀ. οἰκίαν τινί sell a mortgaged house outright, Is.6.33.    V deliver, τί τινι PFlor. 123.2 (iii A. D.): —Pass., ib.228.6 (iii A. D.).    VI begin to count, [μοίρας] ἀπό .. Vett. Val. 135: abs., Id.19.19, Paul.Al.Q.2.    VII intr., depart (cf. B.IV, C. 2), Plb.3.69.14, al.    B Med. with aor. 2 ἀπελύμην (in pass. sense), Opp.C.3.128:— redeem, v. supr. A.11.    II ἀπολύεσθαι διαβολάς do away with, refute calumnies against one, Th.8.87, Pl.Ap.37b, al.: abs., Arist.Rh.1416b9.    2 τὴν αἰτίαν, τὰς βλασφημίας, τὰ κατηγορημένα, Th.5.75, D. 15.2, 18.4: c. gen., τῶν εἰς Ἀριστόβουλον -σασθαι J.AJ15.3.5.    b refute, τοὺς ἐναντίους λόγους Dam.Pr.126 ter: abs., ὁ δὲ ἀπολυόμενος ἔφη in defence, Hdt.8.59.    III like Act., acquit, τοῦ μὴ κακῶς ἔχειν ἀλλ' ὀρθῶς Pl.Lg.637c.    2 release from, τοὺς Ἕλληνας ἀ. δουλείας Id.Mx.245a.    IV like Pass. (c. 11), depart, S.Ant.1314; also, put off, πνεῦμα ἀ. AP9.276 (Crin.); but πνεῦμα μελῶν ἀπέλυε IG14.607e (Carales).    C Pass., to be released, ἐλπίζων τοὺς υἱέας τῆς στρατηΐης ἀπολελύσθαι from military service, Hdt.4.84, cf. X.Cyr.6.2.37; τῆς ἀρχῆς ἀπολυθῆναι βουλόμενοι to be freed from their rule, Th.2.8; τῶν δεινῶν μηδέποτε οἴεσθαι ἀπολυθήσεσθαι Id.1.70; τῆς ὑποψίας Antipho 2.4.3; τῆς μιαρίας ib. 3.11: abs., to be acquitted, Th.6.29; to be absolved from, τῶν ἀδικημάτων Pl.Phd.113d.    II of combatants, to be separated, part, οὐ ῥᾳδίως ἀπελύοντο Th.1.49; generally, to be separated or detached, ἀλλήλων or ἀπ' ἀλλήλων, Arist.Metaph.1031b3, Ph.185a28; ἀ. τὰ ᾠὰ τῆς ὑστέρας Id.GA754b18, al.; ἀπολελυμένος, abs., detached, αἰδοῖον, γλῶττα, ὄρχεις, Id.HA500b2, 533a27, 535b2; τὴν γλῶτταν ἀ. having its tongue detached, Id.Fr.319, al.; also, distinct, differentiated, Id.HA497b22.    2 depart, ἔθανες, ἀπελύθης, S.Ant.1268 (lyr.), cf. Plb.6.58.4, al., LXX Nu.20.29, al.; cf. supr. B. IV.    III of a child, to be brought forth, Hp.Superf.11, cf. 24, Arist.GA745b11; of the mother, to be delivered, Hp.Epid.2.2.17.    IV to be annulled, Arist. EN1156a22.    V ἀπολελυμένος, η, ον, absolute, esp. in Gramm., D.T. 636.15, A.D.Synt.97.20, al.: also, general, of meaning, Olymp.Alch. p.72B.    VI of metres, irregular, without strophic responsion, Heph.Poëm.5.

German (Pape)

[Seite 313] ablösen, 1) einen Gefangenen für ein Lösegeld freigeben, Iliad. 1, 95; 10, 449 dem μεθεῖναι, umsonst freilassen, gegenüberstehend; freilassen, Plat. Rep. III, 390 a; von Soldaten, entlassen, Xen. Hell. 6, 5, 21; die Frau entlassen, sich von ihr scheiden, Ev. Matth. 1, 19, vgl. 5, 31; freisprechen vor Gericht, ἀπέλυσαν αὐτόν, μὴ φῶρα εἶναι Her. 2, 174; τινὰ τῆς αἰτίης 9. 88; Thuc. 6, 29; Xen. Mem. 4, 8, 5 u. sonst; pass. ἀπολύεσθαι μὴ ἀδικεῖν Thuc. 1, 95; vgl. Lys. 8. 4; Isocr. 1, 23; med. ἀπολύσασθαι αἰτίας Aesch. 2, 2; absol. Ar. Vesp. 988; rechtfertigen, Dem. 24, 13 u. Sp. – 2) trennen, absondern, losmachen, ἱμάντα θοῶς ἀπέλυσε κορώνης Od. 21, 46; ἀπὸ κρήδεμνον ἔλυσεν, machte das Band, den Deckel los, 3, 392; vgl. πεῖσμα δ' ἔλυσαν ἀπὸ τρητοῖο λίθοιο Od. 1 3, 77; losreißen, ἀπὸ τοίχους λῦσε κλύδων τρόπιος Od. 12, 420; befreien, τινὰ κακῶν Plat. Rep. II. 365 a; τὴν ψυχὴν ἀπὸ τῆς τοῦ σώματος κοινωνίας Phaed. 64 e; ὁπλοφόρου τάξεως Xen. Cyr. 6, 2, 37; ὠδῖνα, gebären, Ael. H. A. 3, 16 u. öfter; übertr., τινὰ τῆς ὠδῖνος Plat. Conv. 206 e; Theaet. 184 b τινὰ ὧν κύει ἀπολῦσαι; ἀνάλωμα, bezahlen, Crat. 417 b; wie absolvo, abmachen, Men. 99 b. – Med., a) loskaufen, χρυσοῦ, für Gold, Il. 22, 50; πολλῶν χρημάτων Xen. Hell. 4, 8, 21; befreien, τοὺς Ἕλληνας δουλείας Plat. Men. 245 a; sich von etwas befreien, διαβολήν Apol. 37 b, eine Verleumdung widerlegen; ἀπολύεσθαι τὰς διαβολὰς πρός τινα Thuc. 8, 87; vgl. Dem. 18, 50; αἰτίας καὶ ὑπονοίας Plut. Anton. 74. – b) von einander loskommen, Thuc. 1, 49; dah. weggehen, Pol. 2, 34 u. öfter; ähnl. π οίῳ δέ ἀπελύσατ' ἐν φοναῖς τρόπῳ Soph. Ant. 1314, wie kam sie um? vgl. ἔθανες, ἀπελύθης, 1254, u. πνεῦμα ἀπελύσατο Crinag. 31 (IX, 276). – τὸ ἀπολελυμένον, = ἀπόλυτον, der Positiv.