violo
μελετᾶν οὖν χρὴ τὰ ποιοῦντα τὴν εὐδαιμονίαν, εἴπερ παρούσης μὲν αὐτῆς πάντα ἔχομεν, ἀπούσης δὲ πάντα πράττομεν εἰς τὸ ταύτην ἔχειν → one must practice the things which produce happiness, since if that is present we have everything and if it is absent we do everything in order to have it | so we must exercise ourselves in the things which bring happiness, since, if that be present, we have everything, and, if that be absent, all our actions are directed toward attaining it
Latin > English (Lewis & Short)
vĭŏlo: āvi, ātum, 1, v. a. vis,
I to treat with violence (corporeally, and, more freq., mentally), to injure, dishonor, outrage, violate (cf.: laedo, polluo, contamino).
I Lit. with persons as objects: hospites violare fas non putant, to injure, do violence to, Caes. B. G. 6, 23 fin.: aliquem, id. B. C. 3, 98: patriam prodere, parentes violare, Cic. Fin. 3, 9, 32.—Esp.: virginem, Auct. ap. Varr. L. L. 6, § 80 Müll.; Tib. 1, 6, 51; cf. Cic. Fam. 9, 22, 1 fin.: sacrum vulnere corpus, Verg. A. 11, 591; cf.: Getico peream violatus ab arcu, Ov. P. 3, 5, 45.—
II Transf.
A With places as objects, to invade, violate, profane: fines eorum se violaturum negavit, Caes. B. G. 6, 32: loca religiosa et lucos, Cic. Rab. Perd. 2, 7: Iliacos agros ferro, Verg. A. 11, 255: Cereale nemus securi, Ov. M. 8, 741: silva vetus nullāque diu violata securi, id. F. 4, 649.—
B With the senses as objects, to outrage, shock: oculos nostros (tua epistola), Ov. H. 17, 1; cf.: aures meas obsceno sermone, Petr. 85.—
C With abstract objects, to violate, outrage, break, injure, etc.: officium, Cic. Rosc. Am. 38, 109: jus, id. Leg. 2, 9, 22: religionem, id. Verr. 2, 5, 72, § 186: virginitatem alicujus, id. N. D. 3, 23, 59: vitam patris, id. Par. 3, 25: inducias per scelus, to break, Caes. B. C. 2, 15: foedera, Liv. 28, 44, 7; Tib. 1, 9, 2: amicitiam, Cic. Phil. 2, 1, 3: existimationem absentis, id. Quint. 23, 73; cf.: nominis nostri famam tuis probris, id. Verr. 2, 1, 32, § 82: dignitatem alicujus in aliquā re, id. Fam. 1, 6, 2; cf.: injuriae sunt, quae aut pulsatione corpus aut convicio aures aut aliquā turpitudine vitam cujuspiam violant, Auct. Her. 4, 25, 35.—
III Trop. (rare and poet.): Indum sanguineo ostro ebur, i. e. to dye of a blood-red, Verg. A. 12, 67 (an imitation of the Homeric ἐλέφαντα φοίνικι μιήνη, Il. 4, 141).
Latin > French (Gaffiot 2016)
vĭŏlō,⁸ āvī, ātum, āre (vis), tr.,
1 traiter avec violence, faire violence à : hospitem Cæs. G. 6, 23, 9, user de violence à l’égard d’un hôte, cf. Cic. Fin. 3, 39 || violer : Cic. Fam. 9, 22, 1 ; Tib. 1, 6, 51, || porter atteinte à, dévaster, endommager un territoire : Cæs. G. 6, 32, 2 ; Virg. En. 11, 255
2 profaner, outrager : poetæ nomen Cic. Arch. 19, profaner le nom de poète ; religionem Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 97, profaner un culte ; regem Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 68, outrager un roi || porter atteinte à : virginitatem alicujus Cic. Nat. 3, 59, déshonorer une jeune fille ; famam alicujus Cic. Verr. 2, 1, 82, porter atteinte au bon renom de qqn || violer, enfreindre, transgresser : jus violatum Cic. Leg. 2, 22, violation du droit ; amicitiam a me violatam esse criminatus est Cic. Phil. 2, 3, il m’a accusé d’avoir violé les lois de l’amitié || quæ violata sunt Cic. Amer. 71, les choses qui sont souillées
3 [qqf. acc. de l’objet intérieur] : violare horum aliquid Cic. Inv. 1, 103 = violare aliquam harum violationum, commettre qqn de ces outrages || [surtout au part. passif] = fait avec violence, avec profanation, avec violation, etc. : si quæ inciderunt non tam re quam suspicione violata Cic. Fam. 5, 8, 3, s’il est survenu des torts, moins réels que soupçonnés, cf. Cic. Verr. 2, pr. 40 ; Off. 2, 68 ; Læl. 65 ; Att. 1, 17, 7
4 [poét.] altérer une couleur, [d’où] teindre : Virg. En. 12, 67.
