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τὸ πεπρωμένον φυγεῖν ἀδύνατον → you can't escape your destiny | there is no escaping from destiny | it's impossible to escape from what is destined | it is impossible to escape from what is destined | what is fated is impossible to escape | if you're born to be hanged, then you'll never be drowned | he that is born to be hanged shall never be drowned | if you are born to be hanged then you'll never be drowned | if you're born to be hanged then you'll never be drowned| you can't outrun your fate | you cannot outrun your fate | you can't stop fate | that's the way the cookie crumbles

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m (Text replacement - "cf. <b class="b3">([^\s-\.]*?[αΑάΆΒβΓγΔδεΕέΈΖζηΗήΉΘθιΙίΊϊΪΐΚκΛλΜμΝνΞξοΟςόΌΠπΡρΣσΤτυΥυύΎϋΫΰΦφΧχΨψωΩώΏ]+?[^\s-\.]*?)<\/b>" to "cf. $1")
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|Definition=Thess., Delph. περ <span class="title">IG</span>9(2).517.17 (iii B.C.), al., <span class="title">Schwyzer</span> 323 <span class="title">A</span>4 (v/iv B.C.), also Aeol., v. infr. A. V ; Elean παρ ib.413.4 : Prep. with gen., dat., and acc.:—<span class="sense"><p>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">A</span> <b class="b2">round about, all round</b> (prop. different from <b class="b3">ἀμφί</b>, <b class="b2">on both sides</b>). (Cogn. with Skt. <b class="b2">pári</b> 'round about'.) </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">A</span> WITH GENITIVE, </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">I</span> of Place, sts. in Poets, <b class="b2">round about, around</b>, τετάνυστο π. σπείους ἡμερίς <span class="bibl">Od.5.68</span> ; τείχη π. Δαρδανίας <span class="bibl">E. <span class="title">Tr.</span>818</span> (lyr., s.v.l.); εἴλυμα π. χροός <span class="bibl">A.R.2.1129</span> : rarely, like [[ἀμφί]], <b class="b2">on both sides</b>, v. [[περιβαίνω]] <span class="bibl">1</span> fin. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">2</span> <b class="b2">about near</b>, π. σοῦ πάντα γένοιτο ῥόδα <span class="title">IG</span>14.2508 (Nemausus). </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">II</span> to denote the object <b class="b2">about</b> or <b class="b2">for</b> which one does something: </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">1</span> with Verbs of fighting or contending, <b class="b3">π. τινός</b> <b class="b2">for</b> an object—from the notion of the thing's lying in the middle to be fought <b class="b2">about</b>, <b class="b3">π. τῶνδε</b> <b class="b2">for</b> these prizes, <span class="bibl">Il.23.659</span> ; π. πτόλιος . . μαχήσεται <span class="bibl">18.265</span> ; <b class="b3">π. Πατρόκλοιο θανόντος</b> ib.<span class="bibl">195</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">17.120</span>; π. σεῖο <span class="bibl">3.137</span> ; π. νηὸς ἔχον πόνον <span class="bibl">15.416</span>; <b class="b3">ἀμύνεσθαι π. πάτρης, π. νηῶν, π. τέκνων</b>, <span class="bibl">12.243</span>,<span class="bibl">142</span>,<span class="bibl">170</span>, etc.; <b class="b3">δόλους καὶ μῆτιν ὕφαινον, ὥς τε π. ψυχῆς</b> since it was <b class="b2">for</b> my life, <span class="bibl">Od.9.423</span> ; π. ψυχῆς θέον Ἕκτορος <span class="bibl">Il.22.161</span> ; π. ψυχέων ἐμάχοντο <span class="bibl">Od.22.245</span>; in Prose, <b class="b3">τρέχειν π. ἑωυτοῦ, π. τῆς ψυχῆς</b>, <span class="bibl">Hdt.7.57</span>,<span class="bibl">9.37</span>; ἀγῶνας δραμέονται π. σφέων αὐτῶν <span class="bibl">Id.8.102</span>; νεναυμάχηκε τὴν π. τῶν κρεῶν <span class="bibl">Ar. <span class="title">Ra.</span>191</span> ; &lt;τὸν&gt; π. τοῦ παντὸς δρόμον θέοντες <span class="bibl">Hdt.8.74</span>; <b class="b3">κινδυνεύειν π. τινός</b> ibid., etc.; οὐ π. τῶν ἴσων ὁ κίνδυνός ἐστι <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">HG</span>7.1.7</span>; and without a Verb, π. γῆς ὅρων διαφοραί <span class="bibl">Th.1.122</span>; π. πάντων ἀγαθῶν ὁ ἀγών <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">Cyr.</span> 3.3.44</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">Aj.</span>936</span>(lyr.), etc.; μάχη π. τινός <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Tht.</span>179d</span> ; ἐπειγόμενοι π. νίκης <span class="bibl">Il.23.437</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">639</span>, <span class="bibl">Hdt.8.26</span> ; πεῖραν θανάτου π. καὶ ζωᾶς ἀναβάλλεσθαι <span class="bibl">Pi.<span class="title">N.</span>9.29</span> ; π. θανάτου φεύγειν <span class="bibl">Antipho 5.95</span> ; but <b class="b3">ἐρίσσαι π. μύθων</b> contend <b class="b2">about</b> speaking, i. e. who can speak best, <span class="bibl">Il.15.284</span> ; καὶ ἀθανάτοισιν ἐρίζεσκον π. τόξων <span class="bibl">Od.8.225</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">24.515</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">2</span> with words which denote care or anxiety, <b class="b2">about, on account of</b>, π. Τρώων . . μερμηρίζειν <span class="bibl">Il.20.17</span>; ἄχος π. τινός <span class="bibl">Od.21.249</span> ; φόνου π. βουλεύειν <span class="bibl">16.234</span> ; φροντίζειν π. τινός <span class="bibl">Hdt.8.36</span>, etc.; κήδεσθαι π. τ. <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">Ph.</span> 621</span> ; δεδιέναι π. τ. <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Prt.</span>320a</span>, etc.; ἀπολογεῖσθαι π. τ. <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">Cyr.</span>2.2.13</span>; <b class="b3">κρίνειν, διαγιγνώσκειν π. τ</b>., <span class="bibl">Pi.<span class="title">N.</span>5.40</span>, <span class="bibl">Antipho 5.96</span>; <b class="b3">π. τ. ψηφίζεσθαι, διαψηφίζεσθαι, ψῆφον φέρειν</b>, <span class="title">IG</span>12.57.42, <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">HG</span>2.3.50</span>, <span class="bibl">Lycurg.11</span> ; βουλεύεσθαι π. τῆς κοινῆς σωτηρίας <span class="bibl">Isoc.5.69</span> ; π. Μεθωναίων <span class="title">IG</span>12.57.49 ; <b class="b3">διανοεῖσθαι, σκοπεῖν π. τινός</b>, <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Phdr.</span>270d</span>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Phd.</span>65e</span>; μαντεύεσθαι π. τ. <span class="bibl">Hdt.8.36</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">Tr.</span>77</span> ; <b class="b3">π. πότου γοῦν ἐστί σοι</b>; so with you it is a question <b class="b2">of</b> drink? <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Eq.</span>87</span>, cf. Plu.2.43b. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">3</span> with Verbs of hearing, knowing, speaking, etc., <b class="b2">about, concerning</b>, π. νόστου ἄκουσα <span class="bibl">Od.19.270</span> ; οἶδα γὰρ εὖ π. κείνου <span class="bibl">17.563</span> ; π. πομπῆς μνησόμεθα <span class="bibl">7.191</span> ; π. πατρὸς ἐρέσθαι <span class="bibl">1.135</span>, <span class="bibl">3.77</span> ; <b class="b3">π. τινὸς ἐρέειν, λέγειν, λόγον ποιήσασθαι</b>, etc., <span class="bibl">Hdt. 1.5</span>, <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">OT</span>707</span>, <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">Cyr.</span>1.6.13</span>, etc.; λέγειν καὶ ἀκούειν π. ἑκάστου <span class="bibl">Th.4.22</span>, etc.; λόγος π. τινός <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Prt.</span>347b</span>, etc.; ἡ π. τινὸς φήμη <span class="bibl">Aeschin.1.48</span> ; <b class="b3">π. τινὸς ἀγγεῖλαι, κηρῦξαι</b>, <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">El.</span>1111</span>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Ant.</span>193</span> ; <b class="b3">π. τινὸς διελθεῖν, διεξελθεῖν, διηγεῖσθαι</b>, <span class="bibl">Isoc.9.2</span>, <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Plt.</span>274b</span>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Euthphr.</span>6c</span>, etc.; παίζειν π. τινός <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">Mem.</span>1.3.8</span>; ἐμπειροτέρως ἔχειν π. τινός <span class="bibl">Aeschin.1.82</span>; νόμον γράψαι π. τινός <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">HG</span>2.3.52</span>, etc.; νόμῳ χρῆσθαι π. τινός <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">Ant.</span> 214</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">4</span> of impulse or motive rather than object, <b class="b3">ἐμαρνάσθην ἔριδος πέρι</b> fought <b class="b2">for very</b> enmity, <span class="bibl">Il.7.301</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">16.476</span>, <span class="bibl">20.253</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">5</span> <b class="b2">about, in regard to</b>, μεμηνυμένος π. τινός <span class="bibl">Th.6.53</span> ; οὕτως ἔσχε π. τοῦ πρήγματος τούτου <span class="bibl">Hdt.1.117</span>; τὰ π. τῶν Πλαταιῶν γεγενημένα <span class="bibl">Th.2.6</span>; τὸ π. τούτου γεγονός <span class="bibl">Plb.1.54.5</span> : in Prose freq. without a Verb, ἡ π. τῶν Μαντινικῶν πρᾶξις <span class="bibl">Th.6.88</span> ; <b class="b3">τὰ π. τινός</b> <b class="b2">the circumstances</b> of... ib.<span class="bibl">32</span>, <span class="bibl">8.14</span>,<span class="bibl">26</span>, etc. (cf. infr. C. <span class="bibl">1.5</span>); <b class="b3">οὕτω δὴ καὶ π. τῶν ἀρετῶν</b> (sc. <b class="b3">ἔχει</b>) <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Men.</span>72c</span>, cf. <span class="bibl"><span class="title">R.</span>534b</span>, <span class="bibl">551c</span>, etc.; <b class="b3">π. τοῦ καταλειφθῆναι τὸν σῖτον</b> <b class="b2">as for</b> reserving the corn, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">PMich.Zen.</span>28.5</span> (iii B.C.): without the Art., <b class="b3">ἀριθμοῦ πέρι</b> <b class="b2">as to</b> number, <span class="bibl">Hdt.7.102</span>; <b class="b3">χρηστηρίων δὲ πέρι</b> . . <span class="bibl">Id.2.54</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">III</span> <b class="b2">before, above, beyond</b>, of superiority, chiefly in Ep., π. πάντων ἔμμεναι ἄλλων <span class="bibl">Il.1.287</span>; π. δ' ἄλλων φασὶ γενέσθαι <span class="bibl">4.375</span>; τετιμῆσθαι π. πάντων <span class="bibl">9.38</span>; ὃν π. πάσης τῖεν ὁμηλικίης <span class="bibl">5.325</span> ; ὃν . . π. πάντων φίλατο παίδων <span class="bibl">20.304</span>; π. πάντων ἴδριες ἀνδρῶν <span class="bibl">Od.7.108</span>; κρατερὸς π. πάντων <span class="bibl">Il.21.566</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">1.417</span>, <span class="bibl">Od.11.216</span>: in this sense freq. divided from its gen., <b class="b3">π. φρένας ἔμμεναι ἄλλων</b> in understanding to be <b class="b2">beyond</b> them, <span class="bibl">Il.17.171</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">1.258</span>, <span class="bibl">Od.1.66</span> ; π. μὲν εἶδος, π. δ' ἔργα τέτυκτο τῶν ἄλλων Δαναῶν <span class="bibl">Il.17.279</span> ; π. μὲν κρατέεις, π. δ' αἴσυλα ῥέζεις ἀνδρῶν <span class="bibl">21.214</span> ; π. δ' ἔγχει Ἀχαιῶν φέρτατός ἐσσι <span class="bibl">7.289</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">Pi.<span class="title">O.</span>6.50</span>, <span class="bibl">Theoc. 25.119</span>.—In this sense <b class="b3">π</b>. is sts. adverbial, and the gen. is absent, v. infr. E. II. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">IV</span> in Hdt. and Att. Prose, to denote value, <b class="b3">ἡμῖν π. πολλοῦ ἐστι</b> it is <b class="b2">of</b> much <b class="b2">consequence, worth</b> much, to us, <span class="bibl">Hdt.1</span>. <span class="bibl">120</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">Antipho 6.3</span> ; <b class="b3">π. πολλοῦ ποιεῖσθαί τινας</b> to reckon them <b class="b2">for</b>, i.e. <b class="b2">worth</b>, much, <span class="bibl">Hdt.1.73</span>, <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">Mem.</span>2.3.10</span>, etc.; <b class="b3">π. πλείονος, π. πλείστου ποιεῖσθαι</b>, <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">An.</span>7.7.44</span>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Cyr.</span>7.5.60</span> ; π. πλείστου ἡγεῖσθαι <span class="bibl">Th.2.89</span> ; π. παντὸς ποιεῖσθαι <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">Cyr.</span>1.4.1</span> ; <b class="b3">π. ἐλάττονος ἡγούμενοι, π. οὐδενὸς ἡγήσασθαι</b>, <span class="bibl">Lys.2.71</span>,<span class="bibl">31.31</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">V</span> Aeol. <b class="b3">περί</b> and περ = [[ὑπέρ, στροῦθοι περὶ γᾶς . . δίννεντες πτέρα]] Sapph.1.10; <b class="b3">περ κεφάλας</b> prob. in <span class="bibl">Alc.93</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">18</span> ; περρ ἁπαλῶ στύματός σε πεδέρχομαι <span class="bibl">Theoc.29.25</span>; also Hellenistic, <b class="b3">ὃ διέγραψε Προῖτος περί μου</b> paid <b class="b2">on</b> my <b class="b2">behalf, PCair. Zen</b>.<span class="bibl">790.23</span> (iii B. C.), cf. <span class="bibl"><span class="title">UPZ</span>57.12</span> (ii B. C.). </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">B</span> WITH DATIVE (in Att. Prose mostly in signf. <span class="bibl">11</span>, esp. in Th.), </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">I</span> of Place, <b class="b2">round about, around</b>, of close-fitting dresses, armour, etc., ἔνδυνε π. στήθεσσι χιτῶνα <span class="bibl">Il.10.21</span> ; χιτῶνα π. χροῒ δῦνεν <span class="bibl">Od.15.60</span> ; δύσετο τεύχεα καλὰ π. χροΐ <span class="bibl">Il.13.241</span> ; ἕσσαντο π. χροῒ χαλκόν <span class="bibl">Od.24.467</span>; κνημῖδας . . π. κνήμῃσιν ἔθηκε <span class="bibl">Il.11.17</span> ; βεβλήκει τελαμῶνα π. στήθεσσι <span class="bibl">12.401</span> : in Prose, π. τῇσι κεφαλῇσι εἶχον τιάρας <span class="bibl">Hdt.7.61</span>; θώρακα π. τοῖς στέρνοις ἔχειν <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">Cyr.</span>1.2.13</span>; <b class="b3">οἱ στρεπτοὶ οἱ π. τῇ δέρῃ καὶ τὰ ψέλια π. ταῖς χερσί</b> ib.<span class="bibl">1.3.2</span>. ; π. τῇ χειρὶ δακτύλιον ὄντα <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">R.</span>359e</span>, etc.; χαλκὸς ἔλαμπε π. στήθεσσι <span class="bibl">Il.13.245</span>; χιτῶνα π. στήθεσσι δαΐξαι <span class="bibl">2.416</span> ; πήληξ . . κονάβησε π. κροτάφοισι <span class="bibl">15.648</span>; in other relations, <b class="b3">π. δ' ἔγχεϊ χεῖρα καμεῖται</b> will grow weary <b class="b2">by grasping</b> the spear, <span class="bibl">2.389</span> ; δράκων ἑλισσόμενος π. χειῇ <span class="bibl">22.95</span> ; κνίση ἑλισσομένη π. καπνῷ <span class="bibl">1.317</span>; π. σταχύεσσιν ἐέρση <span class="bibl">23.598</span>; μάρναντο π. Σκαιῇσι πύλῃσιν <span class="bibl">18.453</span> : rarely in Trag., π. βρέτει πλεχθείς <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Eu.</span>259</span> (lyr.); κεῖται νεκρὸς π. νεκρῷ <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">Ant.</span>1240</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">2</span> in Poets, also, <b class="b2">around</b> a weapon, i. e. <b class="b2">spitted upon</b> it, <b class="b2">transfixed by</b> it, π. δουρὶ πεπαρμένη <span class="bibl">Il.21.577</span>; ἐρεικόμενος π. δουρί <span class="bibl">13.441</span> ; κυλινδόμενος π. χαλκῷ <span class="bibl">8.86</span> ; π. δουρὶ ἤσπαιρε <span class="bibl">13.570</span>; πεπτῶτα π. ξίφει <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">Aj.</span>828</span>; αἷμα ἐρωήσει π. δουρί <span class="bibl">Il.1.303</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">3</span> of a warrior <b class="b2">standing over</b> a dead comrade so as to defend him, ἀμφὶ δ' ἄρ' αὐτῷ βαῖν', ὥς τις π. πόρτακι μήτηρ <span class="bibl">17.4</span>; <b class="b3">ἑστήκει, ὥς τίς τε λέων π. οἷσι τέκεσσι</b> ib.<span class="bibl">133</span> ; <b class="b3">Αἴας π. Πατρόκλῳ . . βεβήκει</b> ib.<span class="bibl">137</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">355</span> ; π. σκύμνοισι βεβηκώς <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Eq.</span> 1039</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">II</span> of an object <b class="b2">for</b> or <b class="b2">about</b> which one struggles (cf. supr. A. 11.1), π. οἷσι μαχειόμενος κτεάτεσσι <span class="bibl">Od.17.471</span> ; μαχήσασθαι π. δαιτί <span class="bibl">2.245</span> ; π. παιδὶ μάχης πόνος <span class="bibl">Il.16.568</span> ; ἄνδρα π. ᾗ πατρίδι μαρνάμενον <span class="bibl">Tyrt.10.2</span>; π. τοῖς φιλτάτοις κυβεύειν <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Prt.</span>314a</span> ; π. τῇ Σικελίᾳ ἔσται ὁ ἀγών <span class="bibl">Th.6.34</span> codd.; κινδυνεύειν π. αὑτῷ <span class="bibl">Antipho 5.6</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">2</span> with Verbs denoting care, anxiety, or the opposite (cf. supr. A. 11.2), π. γὰρ δίε ποιμένι λαῶν, μή τι πάθοι <span class="bibl">Il.5.566</span> ; ἔδεισεν δὲ π. ξανθῷ Μενελάῳ <span class="bibl">10.240</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">11.557</span>; δεδιότες π. τῷ χωρίῳ <span class="bibl">Th.1.60</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">74</span>, <span class="bibl">119</span>, <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Eq.</span>27</span>; θαρρεῖν π. τῇ ἑαυτοῦ ψυχῇ <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Phd.</span>114d</span>, cf. <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Tht.</span>148c</span>; π. πλέγματι γαθεῖ <span class="bibl">Theoc.1.54</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">3</span> generally, of the cause or occasion, <b class="b2">on account of, by reason of</b>, <b class="b3">ἀτύζεσθαι π. καπνῷ</b>, v.l. for [[ὑπὸ καπνοῦ]] in <span class="bibl">Il.8.183</span>; μὴ π. Μαρδονίῳ πταίσῃ ἡ Ἑλλάς <span class="bibl">Hdt.9.101</span>; π. σφίσιν αὐτοῖς πταῖσαι <span class="bibl">Th.6.33</span> ; π. αὑτῷ σφαλῆναι <span class="bibl">Id.1.69</span> : in Poets, <b class="b3">π. δείματι</b> <b class="b2">for</b> fear, <span class="bibl">Pi.<span class="title">P.</span>5.58</span> ; <b class="b3">π. τιμᾷ</b> <b class="b2">in</b> honour or praise, ib.<span class="bibl">2.59</span>; <b class="b3">π. τάρβει, π. φόβῳ</b>, <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Pers.</span>696</span> (lyr.), <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Ch.</span>35</span>(lyr.); π. χάρματι <span class="bibl"><span class="title">h.Cer.</span>429</span>:—but <b class="b3">π. θυμῷ</b> is f.l. in <span class="bibl">Hdt.3.50</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">C</span> WITH ACCUSATIVE, </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">I</span> of Place, prop. of the object <b class="b2">round about</b> which motion takes place, <b class="b3">π. βόθρον ἐφοίτων</b> came flocking <b class="b2">round</b> the pit, <span class="bibl">Od.11.42</span> ; π. νεκρὸν ἤλασαν ἵππους <span class="bibl">Il.23.13</span> ; π. τέρματα ἵπποι τρωχῶσι <span class="bibl">22.162</span> ; <b class="b3">ἄστυ πέρι . . διώκειν</b> ib.<span class="bibl">173</span>,<span class="bibl">230</span> ; ἐρύσας π. σῆμα <span class="bibl">24.16</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">51</span>, etc.; π. φρένας ἤλυθ' ἰωή <span class="bibl">10.139</span> ; π. φρένας ἤλυθε οἶνος <span class="bibl">Od.9.362</span> : also of extension <b class="b2">round</b>, <b class="b3">ἑστάμεναι π. τοῖχον, π. βωμόν</b>, <span class="bibl">Il.18.374</span>, <span class="bibl">Od.13.187</span>, etc.; λέξασθαι π. ἄστυ <span class="bibl">Il.8.519</span> ; μάρνασθαι π. ἄ. <span class="bibl">6.256</span>, etc.; φυλάσσοντας π. μῆλα <span class="bibl">12.303</span>; <b class="b3">οἳ π. Πηνειὸν . . ναίεσκον, π. Δωδώνην . . οἰκί' ἔθεντο</b>, <span class="bibl">2.757</span>, <span class="bibl">750</span>; σειρήν κεν π. ῥίον Οὐλύμποιο δησαίμην <span class="bibl">8.25</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">Od.18.67</span>: in Prose, ἰκριῶσαι π. τὼ ἀγάλματε <span class="title">IG</span>12.371.22; φυλακὰς δεῖ π. τὸ στρατόπεδον εἶναι <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">An.</span> 5.1.9</span>; <b class="b3">π. τὴν κρήνην εὕδειν</b> <b class="b2">somewhere near</b> it, <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Phdr.</span>259a</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">Cyr.</span> 1.2.9</span>; εἶναι π. τὸν λαγώ <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Cyn.</span>4.4</span>; <b class="b3">π. λίθον πεσών</b> <b class="b2">upon</b> it, <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Ach.</span> 1180</span>; <b class="b3">π. αὑτὰ καταρρεῖν</b> collapse <b class="b2">upon</b> themselves, <span class="bibl">D.2.10</span>; ταραχθεῖσαι [αἱ νῆες] π. ἀλλήλας <span class="bibl">Th.7.23</span>; <b class="b3">πλεῦνες π. ἕνα</b> many <b class="b2">to</b> one, <span class="bibl">Hdt.7.103</span> ; <b class="b3">π. τὸν ἄρξαντα . . τὸ ἀδίκημά ἐστι</b> is <b class="b2">imputable to</b> him who... <span class="bibl">Antipho 4.4.2</span> : freq. with a Subst. only, <b class="b3">ἡ π. Λέσβον ναυμαχία</b> the sea-fight <b class="b2">off</b> Lesbos, <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">HG</span>2.3.32</span> ; οἱ π. τὴν Ἔφεσον <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Tht.</span>179e</span>; στρατηγοὶ π. Πελοπόννησον <span class="title">IG</span>12.324.18 : strengthd., π. τ' ἀμφί τε τάφρον <span class="bibl">Il.17.760</span>; π. τ' ἀμφί τε κύματα <span class="bibl">Hes.<span class="title">Th.</span>848</span> ; cf. [[ἀμφί]] c. <span class="bibl">1.2</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">2</span> of persons who are <b class="b2">about</b> one, ἔχειν τινὰ π. αὑτόν <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">HG</span>5.3.22</span> ; esp. <b class="b3">οἱ π. τινά</b> a person's attendants, connexions, associates, or colleagues, οἱ π. τὸν Πείσανδρον πρέσβεις <span class="bibl">Th.8.63</span> ; <b class="b3">οἱ π. Ἡράκλειτον</b> his school, <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Cra.</span>440c</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">An.</span>1.5.8</span>, etc.; <b class="b3">οἱ π. Ἀρχίαν πολέμαρχοι</b> Archias <b class="b2">and his colleagues</b>, <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">HG</span>5.4.2</span>, cf. <span class="bibl"><span class="title">An.</span>2.4.2</span>, etc.; <b class="b3">οἱ π. τινά</b> so-and-so <b class="b2">and his family</b>, PGrenf.1.21.16 (ii B.C.), etc.; later <b class="b3">οἱ π. τινά</b>, periphr. for the person himself, <b class="b3">οἱ π. Φαβρίκιον</b> Fabricius, <span class="bibl">Plu.<span class="title">Pyrrh.</span>20</span>, cf. <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Tim.</span>13</span>, <span class="title">IGRom.</span>3.883.14 (Tarsus, ii/iii A.D.); cf. [[ἀμφί]] C. 1.3. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">3</span> of the object <b class="b2">about</b> which one is occupied or concerned, <b class="b3">π. δόρπα πονεῖσθαι, π. δεῖπνον πένεσθαι</b>, <span class="bibl">Il.24.444</span>, <span class="bibl">Od.4.624</span> (but <b class="b3">π. τεύχε' ἕπουσι</b>, tmesis for <b class="b3">περιέπουσι</b>, <span class="bibl">Il.15.555</span>); later mostly <b class="b3">εἶναι π. τι</b>, <span class="bibl">Th.7.31</span>, <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">HG</span>2.2.4</span>; γενέσθαι <span class="bibl">Isoc.3.12</span>; <b class="b3">π. γυναῖκας γενέσθαι</b> Vett. Val.<span class="bibl">17.20</span>; ὄντων ἡμῶν π. ταύτην τὴν πραγματείαν <span class="bibl">D.48.6</span>; διατρῖψαι π. τὴν θήραν <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">Cyr.</span>1.2.11</span>, etc.: less freq. ἔχειν π. τινάς <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">HG</span>7.4.28</span>, Gal.15.442; in periphr. phrases, <b class="b3">οἱ π. τὴν ποίησιν καὶ τοὺς λόγους ὄντες</b> poets and orators, <span class="bibl">Isoc.12.35</span> ; οἱ π. τὴν φιλοσοφίαν ὄντες <span class="bibl">Id.9.8</span>; <b class="b3">οἱ π. τὴν μουσικήν</b> ib.4 ; <b class="b3">οἱ π. τὰς τελετάς</b> ministers of the mysteries, <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Phd.</span>69c</span> ; <b class="b3">ὁ π. τὸν ἵππον</b> the groom, <span class="bibl">X. <span class="title">Eq.</span>6.3</span>; cf. [[ἀμφί]] C. <span class="bibl">1.6</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">4</span> <b class="b2">round</b> or <b class="b2">about</b> a place, and so <b class="b2">in</b>, π. νῆσον ἀλώμενοι <span class="bibl">Od.4.368</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">90</span>; ἐμέμηκον π. σηκούς <span class="bibl">9.439</span> ; <b class="b3">ἃν π. ψυχὰν γάθησεν</b> <b class="b2">in</b> his heart, <span class="bibl">Pi.<span class="title">P.</span>4.122</span> ; χρονίζειν π. Αἴγυπτον <span class="bibl">Hdt.3.61</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">7.131</span>; εὕροι ἄν τις [βασιλείας] π. τοὺς βαρβάρους <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">R.</span>544d</span>, etc.; οἱ π. Φωκίδα τόποι <span class="bibl">Plb.5.24.12</span>, etc. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">5</span> <b class="b2">about, in the case of</b>, <b class="b3">τὰ π. τὴν Αἴγυπτον γεγονότα, τὰ π. Μίλητον γενόμενα</b>, <span class="bibl">Hdt.3.13</span>, <span class="bibl">6.26</span> ; εὐσεβεῖν π. θεούς <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Smp.</span>193a</span> ; ἀσεβεῖν π. ξένους <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">Cyr.</span>5.2.10</span> ; ἁμαρτάνειν π. τινάς <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">An.</span>3.2.20</span>; ἀνήρ ἐστιν ἀγαθὸς π. τὸν δῆμον τὸν Ἀθηναίων <span class="title">IG</span>12.59.10 ; ἄνδρ' ἀγαθὸν ὄντα Μαραθῶνι π. τὴν πόλιν <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Ach.</span>696</span> ; τοιαύτην γνώμην ἔχειν π. τὸν πατέρα <span class="bibl">Lys.10.21</span> ; οὐδεμία συμφορὴ . . ἔσται . . π. οἶκον τὸν σόν <span class="bibl">Hdt.8.102</span> ; <b class="b3">ποιέειν</b> or <b class="b3">πράττειν τι π. τινά</b>, <span class="bibl">Id.1.158</span>, <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Grg.</span> 507a</span>; τὰ π. Πρηξάσπεα πρηχθέντα <span class="bibl">Hdt.3.76</span> ; καινοτομεῖν π. τὰ θεῖα <span class="bibl">Pl. <span class="title">Euthphr.</span>3b</span> ; π. θεοὺς μὴ σωφρονεῖν <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">Mem.</span>1.1.20</span> ; <b class="b3">σπουδάζειν π. τινά</b> promote his cause, <span class="bibl">Isoc.1.10</span>: without a Verb, αἱ π. τοὺς παῖδας συμφοραί <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">Cyr.</span>7.2.20</span>; ἡ π. αὑτὸν ἐπιμέλεια <span class="bibl">Isoc.9.2</span>; ἡ π. ἡμᾶς ἡνιόχησις <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Phdr.</span>246b</span>: generally, of all relations, <b class="b2">about, concerning, in respect of</b>, π. μὲν τοὺς ἰχθύας οὕτως ἔχει <span class="bibl">Hdt.2.93</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">8.86</span>; πονηρὸν π. τὸ σῶμα <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Prt.</span>313d</span>; ἀκόλαστος π. ταῦτα <span class="bibl">Aeschin.1.42</span> ; <b class="b3">γελοῖος π. τὰς διατριβάς</b> ib.126 ; ξυνηνέχθη θόρυβος π. τὸν Ἀστύοχον <span class="bibl">Th.8.84</span>; <b class="b2">as to</b> (cf. A. 11.5), π. τὸ παρὸν πάθος <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Tht.</span>179c</span>, cf. <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Phd.</span>65a</span> : freq. in place of an Adj., <b class="b3">ὄργανα ὅσα π. γεωργίαν</b>, i.e. <b class="b3">γεωργικά</b>, <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">R.</span>370d</span> ; οἱ νόμοι οἱ π. τοὺς γάμους <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Cri.</span>50d</span> ; αἱ π. τὰ μαθήματα ἡδοναί <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Phlb.</span>51e</span> ; also in place of a gen., <b class="b3">οἱ π. Αυσίαν λόγοι</b> the speeches <b class="b2">of</b> L., <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Phdr.</span>279a</span>; <b class="b3">ἡ π. Φίλιππον τυραννίς</b> the despotism <b class="b2">of</b> P., <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">HG</span>5.4.2</span> ; ἀκρασίας τῆς π. τὸν θυμόν <span class="bibl">Arist.<span class="title">EN</span>1149b19</span> : in Prose, to denote circumstances <b class="b2">connected with</b> any person or thing, <b class="b3">τὰ π. Κῦρον, τὰ π. Ἑλένην, τὰ π. Βάττον</b>, <span class="bibl">Hdt.1.95</span>, <span class="bibl">2.113</span>, <span class="bibl">4.154</span> ; <b class="b3">τὰ π. τὸν Ἄθων</b> the <b class="b2">works at</b> Mount Athos, <span class="bibl">Id.7.37</span>; <b class="b3">τὰ π. τὰς ναῦς</b> naval <b class="b2">affairs</b>, <span class="bibl">Th.1.13</span>; <b class="b3">τὰ π. τὴν ναυμαχίαν</b> (v.l. for [[τῆς ναυμαχίας]]) the <b class="b2">events of</b>... <span class="bibl">Id.8.63</span>; τὰ π. τὸν πόλεμον <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">R.</span>468a</span>; τὰ π. τὸ σῶμα <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Phdr.</span>246d</span>; τὰ π. τοὺς θεούς <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">Cyr.</span>8.1.23</span>, etc.; cf. [[ἀμφί]] c.<span class="bibl">1.4</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">II</span> of Time, <b class="b3">π. λύχνων ἁφάς</b> <b class="b2">about</b> the time of lamp-lighting, <span class="bibl">Hdt.7.215</span>; <b class="b3">π. μέσας νύκτας</b> <b class="b2">about</b> midnight, <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">An.</span>1.7.1</span>; <b class="b3">π. πλήθουσαν ἀγοράν</b> ib.<span class="bibl">2.1.7</span>; <b class="b3">π. ἡλίου δυσμάς</b> ib.<span class="bibl">6.5.32</span> ; π. τούτους τοὺς χρόνους <span class="bibl">Th.3.89</span>, etc. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">2</span> of round numbers, <b class="b3">π. ἑβδομήκοντα</b> <b class="b2">about</b> seventy, <span class="bibl">Id.1.54</span>; π. ἑπτακοσίους <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">HG</span>2.4.5</span>, etc. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">D</span> Position: π. may follow its Subst., when it suffers anastrophe, ἄστυ πέρι <span class="bibl">Il.22.173</span>; ἔριδος πέρι <span class="bibl">16.476</span>: most freq. with gen., τοῦδε πράγματος πέρι <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Eu.</span>630</span>; τῶνδε βουλεύειν πέρι <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Th.</span> 248</span>, etc. (S. only once uses it <b class="b2">before</b> its gen., <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Aj.</span>150</span> (anap.)): in Prose, σφέων αὐτῶν πέρι <span class="bibl">Hdt.8.36</span>; σοφίας πέρι <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Phlb.</span>49a</span>; δικαίων τε πέρι καὶ ἀδίκων <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Grg.</span>455a</span>, etc.; γραμμάτων εἴπομεν ὡς οὐχ ἱκανῶς ἔχεις πέρι <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Lg.</span>809e</span>, cf. <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Ap.</span>19c</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">E</span> <b class="b3">περί</b> abs., as ADV., <b class="b2">around, about</b>, also, <b class="b2">near, by</b>, freq. in Hom., γέλασσε δὲ πᾶσα π. χθών <span class="bibl">Il.19.362</span>, al.: strengthd., περί τ' ἀμφί τε κάλλος ἄητο <b class="b2">round about</b>, h.Cer.276, cf. <span class="bibl">Call.<span class="title">Hec.</span>1.1.13</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">II</span> <b class="b2">before</b> or <b class="b2">above others</b> (cf. A. 111), <b class="b2">exceedingly</b>, only Ep., in which case it commonly suffers anastrophe, Τυδεΐδη, πέρι μέν σε τίον Δαναοί <span class="bibl">Il.8.161</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">9.53</span>; <b class="b3">σε χρὴ πέρι μὲν φάσθαι ἔπος ἠδ' ἐπακοῦσαι</b> ib.<span class="bibl">100</span>; τοι πέρι δῶκε θεὸς πολεμήϊα ἔργα <span class="bibl">13.727</span>; ἅ οἱ πέρι δῶκεν Ἀθήνη <span class="bibl">Od.2.116</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">7.110</span>; πέρι γάρ μιν ὀϊζυρὸν τέκε μήτηρ <span class="bibl">3.95</span>; πέρι κέρδεα οἶδεν <span class="bibl">2.88</span>; τὸν πέρι Μοῦσ' ἐφίλησεν <span class="bibl">8.63</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">2</span> π. does not suffer anastrophe in the Ep. phrase <b class="b3">π. κῆρι</b> <b class="b2">right heartily</b>, π. κῆρι φίλησε <span class="bibl">Il.13.430</span>, etc. (<b class="b3">κῆρι φιλεῖν</b> alone, <span class="bibl">9.117</span>); ἀπέχθωνται π. κῆρι <span class="bibl">4.53</span>; <b class="b3">π. κῆρι τιέσκετο</b> ib.<span class="bibl">46</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">Od.5.36</span>, <span class="bibl">7.69</span>; π. κῆρι . . ἐχολώθη <span class="bibl">Il.13.206</span>; also π. φρεσὶν ἄσπετος ἀλκή <span class="bibl">16.157</span>; π. φρεσὶν αἴσιμα ᾔδη <span class="bibl">Od.14.433</span>; ἀλύσσοντες π. θυμῷ <span class="bibl">Il.22.70</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">Od.14.146</span>; π. σθένεϊ <span class="bibl">Il.17.22</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">3</span> for <b class="b3">περὶ πρό</b>, v. [[περιπρό]]. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">4</span> <b class="b3">περὶ κάτω</b> bottom <b class="b2">upwards</b>, δῖνος π. κάτω τετραμμένος <span class="bibl">Stratt.34</span>, cf. Phot.; τὴν κόγχην στρέψας π. τὰ κάτω <span class="bibl">Ael.<span class="title">NA</span>9.34</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">F</span> IN COMPOS. all its chief senses recur, esp. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">I</span> extension in all directions as from a centre, <b class="b2">all round</b>, as in <b class="b3">περιβάλλω, περιβλέπω, περιέχω</b>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">II</span> completion of an orbit and return to the same point, <b class="b2">about</b>, as in <b class="b3">περιάγω, περιβαίνω, περίειμι</b> (<b class="b3">εἶμι</b> <b class="b2">ibo</b>), <b class="b3">περιέρχομαι, περιστρέφω</b>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">III</span> a going over or beyond, <b class="b2">above, before</b>, as in <b class="b3">περιβαίνω</b> III, <b class="b3">περιβάλλω</b> v, <b class="b3">περιγίγνομαι, περιεργάζομαι, περιτοξεύω</b>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">IV</span> generally, a strengthening of the simple notion, <b class="b2">beyond measure, very, exceedingly</b>, as in <b class="b3">περικαλλής, περίκηλος, περιδείδω</b>, like Lat. <b class="b2">per</b>-. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">V</span> the notion of <b class="b2">double</b>-ness which belongs to <b class="b3">ἀμφί</b> is found in only one poetic compd., <b class="b3">περιδέξιος</b> (q.v.). </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">G</span> PROSODY: <b class="b3">περί</b> never suffers elision in Il. or Od. (περ' ἰγνύσι <span class="bibl"><span class="title">h.Merc.</span>152</span>); once in Hes., περίαχε <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Th.</span>678</span> (cf. <span class="bibl">Q.S.3.601</span>, <span class="bibl">11.382</span>), v. [[ἰάχω]] fin.; περ' ἰγνύῃσι <span class="bibl">Theoc.25.242</span> ; περ' Ἠδάλιον <span class="title">Inscr.Cypr.</span> 135.27 H.; also in Pi., περάπτων <span class="bibl"><span class="title">P.</span>3.52</span> ; περόδοις <span class="bibl"><span class="title">N.</span>11.40</span>; περιδαῖος <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Fr.</span>154</span> ; περ' αὐτᾶς <span class="bibl"><span class="title">P.</span>4.265</span> ; ταύτας περ' ἀτλάτου πάθας <span class="bibl"><span class="title">O.</span>6.38</span> : not in Trag. (<b class="b3">περεβάλοντο, περεσκήνωσεν</b> are ff. ll. in <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Ag.</span>1147</span>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Eu.</span>634</span>); in Com. and codd. of Prose writers only in part. of <b class="b3">περίειμι</b> (<b class="b3">εἶμι</b> <b class="b2">ibo</b>) (q. v.):—π. stands before a word beginning with a vowel in Com., <b class="b3">περὶ Ἀθηνῶν, περὶ ἐμοῦ</b>, <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Eq.</span>1005</span> sq.:—Aeol. περρ metri gr., v. A. 5.</span>
|Definition=Thess., Delph. περ <span class="title">IG</span>9(2).517.17 (iii B.C.), al., <span class="title">Schwyzer</span> 323 <span class="title">A</span>4 (v/iv B.C.), also Aeol., v. infr. A. V ; Elean παρ ib.413.4 : Prep. with gen., dat., and acc.:—<span class="sense"><p>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">A</span> <b class="b2">round about, all round</b> (prop. different from <b class="b3">ἀμφί</b>, <b class="b2">on both sides</b>). (Cogn. with Skt. <b class="b2">pári</b> 'round about'.) </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">A</span> WITH GENITIVE, </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">I</span> of Place, sts. in Poets, <b class="b2">round about, around</b>, τετάνυστο π. σπείους ἡμερίς <span class="bibl">Od.5.68</span> ; τείχη π. Δαρδανίας <span class="bibl">E. <span class="title">Tr.</span>818</span> (lyr., s.v.l.); εἴλυμα π. χροός <span class="bibl">A.R.2.1129</span> : rarely, like [[ἀμφί]], <b class="b2">on both sides</b>, v. [[περιβαίνω]] <span class="bibl">1</span> fin. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">2</span> <b class="b2">about near</b>, π. σοῦ πάντα γένοιτο ῥόδα <span class="title">IG</span>14.2508 (Nemausus). </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">II</span> to denote the object <b class="b2">about</b> or <b class="b2">for</b> which one does something: </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">1</span> with Verbs of fighting or contending, <b class="b3">π. τινός</b> <b class="b2">for</b> an object—from the notion of the thing's lying in the middle to be fought <b class="b2">about</b>, <b class="b3">π. τῶνδε</b> <b class="b2">for</b> these prizes, <span class="bibl">Il.23.659</span> ; π. πτόλιος . . μαχήσεται <span class="bibl">18.265</span> ; <b class="b3">π. Πατρόκλοιο θανόντος</b> ib.<span class="bibl">195</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">17.120</span>; π. σεῖο <span class="bibl">3.137</span> ; π. νηὸς ἔχον πόνον <span class="bibl">15.416</span>; <b class="b3">ἀμύνεσθαι π. πάτρης, π. νηῶν, π. τέκνων</b>, <span class="bibl">12.243</span>,<span class="bibl">142</span>,<span class="bibl">170</span>, etc.; <b class="b3">δόλους καὶ μῆτιν ὕφαινον, ὥς τε π. ψυχῆς</b> since it was <b class="b2">for</b> my life, <span class="bibl">Od.9.423</span> ; π. ψυχῆς θέον Ἕκτορος <span class="bibl">Il.22.161</span> ; π. ψυχέων ἐμάχοντο <span class="bibl">Od.22.245</span>; in Prose, <b class="b3">τρέχειν π. ἑωυτοῦ, π. τῆς ψυχῆς</b>, <span class="bibl">Hdt.7.57</span>,<span class="bibl">9.37</span>; ἀγῶνας δραμέονται π. σφέων αὐτῶν <span class="bibl">Id.8.102</span>; νεναυμάχηκε τὴν π. τῶν κρεῶν <span class="bibl">Ar. <span class="title">Ra.</span>191</span> ; &lt;τὸν&gt; π. τοῦ παντὸς δρόμον θέοντες <span class="bibl">Hdt.8.74</span>; <b class="b3">κινδυνεύειν π. τινός</b> ibid., etc.; οὐ π. τῶν ἴσων ὁ κίνδυνός ἐστι <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">HG</span>7.1.7</span>; and without a Verb, π. γῆς ὅρων διαφοραί <span class="bibl">Th.1.122</span>; π. πάντων ἀγαθῶν ὁ ἀγών <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">Cyr.</span> 3.3.44</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">Aj.</span>936</span>(lyr.), etc.; μάχη π. τινός <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Tht.</span>179d</span> ; ἐπειγόμενοι π. νίκης <span class="bibl">Il.23.437</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">639</span>, <span class="bibl">Hdt.8.26</span> ; πεῖραν θανάτου π. καὶ ζωᾶς ἀναβάλλεσθαι <span class="bibl">Pi.<span class="title">N.</span>9.29</span> ; π. θανάτου φεύγειν <span class="bibl">Antipho 5.95</span> ; but <b class="b3">ἐρίσσαι π. μύθων</b> contend <b class="b2">about</b> speaking, i. e. who can speak best, <span class="bibl">Il.15.284</span> ; καὶ ἀθανάτοισιν ἐρίζεσκον π. τόξων <span class="bibl">Od.8.225</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">24.515</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">2</span> with words which denote care or anxiety, <b class="b2">about, on account of</b>, π. Τρώων . . μερμηρίζειν <span class="bibl">Il.20.17</span>; ἄχος π. τινός <span class="bibl">Od.21.249</span> ; φόνου π. βουλεύειν <span class="bibl">16.234</span> ; φροντίζειν π. τινός <span class="bibl">Hdt.8.36</span>, etc.; κήδεσθαι π. τ. <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">Ph.</span> 621</span> ; δεδιέναι π. τ. <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Prt.</span>320a</span>, etc.; ἀπολογεῖσθαι π. τ. <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">Cyr.</span>2.2.13</span>; <b class="b3">κρίνειν, διαγιγνώσκειν π. τ</b>., <span class="bibl">Pi.<span class="title">N.</span>5.40</span>, <span class="bibl">Antipho 5.96</span>; <b class="b3">π. τ. ψηφίζεσθαι, διαψηφίζεσθαι, ψῆφον φέρειν</b>, <span class="title">IG</span>12.57.42, <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">HG</span>2.3.50</span>, <span class="bibl">Lycurg.11</span> ; βουλεύεσθαι π. τῆς κοινῆς σωτηρίας <span class="bibl">Isoc.5.69</span> ; π. Μεθωναίων <span class="title">IG</span>12.57.49 ; <b class="b3">διανοεῖσθαι, σκοπεῖν π. τινός</b>, <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Phdr.</span>270d</span>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Phd.</span>65e</span>; μαντεύεσθαι π. τ. <span class="bibl">Hdt.8.36</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">Tr.</span>77</span> ; <b class="b3">π. πότου γοῦν ἐστί σοι</b>; so with you it is a question <b class="b2">of</b> drink? <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Eq.</span>87</span>, cf. Plu.2.43b. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">3</span> with Verbs of hearing, knowing, speaking, etc., <b class="b2">about, concerning</b>, π. νόστου ἄκουσα <span class="bibl">Od.19.270</span> ; οἶδα γὰρ εὖ π. κείνου <span class="bibl">17.563</span> ; π. πομπῆς μνησόμεθα <span class="bibl">7.191</span> ; π. πατρὸς ἐρέσθαι <span class="bibl">1.135</span>, <span class="bibl">3.77</span> ; <b class="b3">π. τινὸς ἐρέειν, λέγειν, λόγον ποιήσασθαι</b>, etc., <span class="bibl">Hdt. 1.5</span>, <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">OT</span>707</span>, <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">Cyr.</span>1.6.13</span>, etc.; λέγειν καὶ ἀκούειν π. ἑκάστου <span class="bibl">Th.4.22</span>, etc.; λόγος π. τινός <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Prt.</span>347b</span>, etc.; ἡ π. τινὸς φήμη <span class="bibl">Aeschin.1.48</span> ; <b class="b3">π. τινὸς ἀγγεῖλαι, κηρῦξαι</b>, <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">El.</span>1111</span>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Ant.</span>193</span> ; <b class="b3">π. τινὸς διελθεῖν, διεξελθεῖν, διηγεῖσθαι</b>, <span class="bibl">Isoc.9.2</span>, <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Plt.</span>274b</span>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Euthphr.</span>6c</span>, etc.; παίζειν π. τινός <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">Mem.</span>1.3.8</span>; ἐμπειροτέρως ἔχειν π. τινός <span class="bibl">Aeschin.1.82</span>; νόμον γράψαι π. τινός <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">HG</span>2.3.52</span>, etc.; νόμῳ χρῆσθαι π. τινός <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">Ant.</span> 214</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">4</span> of impulse or motive rather than object, <b class="b3">ἐμαρνάσθην ἔριδος πέρι</b> fought <b class="b2">for very</b> enmity, <span class="bibl">Il.7.301</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">16.476</span>, <span class="bibl">20.253</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">5</span> <b class="b2">about, in regard to</b>, μεμηνυμένος π. τινός <span class="bibl">Th.6.53</span> ; οὕτως ἔσχε π. τοῦ πρήγματος τούτου <span class="bibl">Hdt.1.117</span>; τὰ π. τῶν Πλαταιῶν γεγενημένα <span class="bibl">Th.2.6</span>; τὸ π. τούτου γεγονός <span class="bibl">Plb.1.54.5</span> : in Prose freq. without a Verb, ἡ π. τῶν Μαντινικῶν πρᾶξις <span class="bibl">Th.6.88</span> ; <b class="b3">τὰ π. τινός</b> <b class="b2">the circumstances</b> of... ib.<span class="bibl">32</span>, <span class="bibl">8.14</span>,<span class="bibl">26</span>, etc. (cf. infr. C. <span class="bibl">1.5</span>); <b class="b3">οὕτω δὴ καὶ π. τῶν ἀρετῶν</b> (sc. <b class="b3">ἔχει</b>) <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Men.</span>72c</span>, cf. <span class="bibl"><span class="title">R.</span>534b</span>, <span class="bibl">551c</span>, etc.; <b class="b3">π. τοῦ καταλειφθῆναι τὸν σῖτον</b> <b class="b2">as for</b> reserving the corn, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">PMich.Zen.</span>28.5</span> (iii B.C.): without the Art., <b class="b3">ἀριθμοῦ πέρι</b> <b class="b2">as to</b> number, <span class="bibl">Hdt.7.102</span>; <b class="b3">χρηστηρίων δὲ πέρι</b> . . <span class="bibl">Id.2.54</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">III</span> <b class="b2">before, above, beyond</b>, of superiority, chiefly in Ep., π. πάντων ἔμμεναι ἄλλων <span class="bibl">Il.1.287</span>; π. δ' ἄλλων φασὶ γενέσθαι <span class="bibl">4.375</span>; τετιμῆσθαι π. πάντων <span class="bibl">9.38</span>; ὃν π. πάσης τῖεν ὁμηλικίης <span class="bibl">5.325</span> ; ὃν . . π. πάντων φίλατο παίδων <span class="bibl">20.304</span>; π. πάντων ἴδριες ἀνδρῶν <span class="bibl">Od.7.108</span>; κρατερὸς π. πάντων <span class="bibl">Il.21.566</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">1.417</span>, <span class="bibl">Od.11.216</span>: in this sense freq. divided from its gen., <b class="b3">π. φρένας ἔμμεναι ἄλλων</b> in understanding to be <b class="b2">beyond</b> them, <span class="bibl">Il.17.171</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">1.258</span>, <span class="bibl">Od.1.66</span> ; π. μὲν εἶδος, π. δ' ἔργα τέτυκτο τῶν ἄλλων Δαναῶν <span class="bibl">Il.17.279</span> ; π. μὲν κρατέεις, π. δ' αἴσυλα ῥέζεις ἀνδρῶν <span class="bibl">21.214</span> ; π. δ' ἔγχει Ἀχαιῶν φέρτατός ἐσσι <span class="bibl">7.289</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">Pi.<span class="title">O.</span>6.50</span>, <span class="bibl">Theoc. 25.119</span>.—In this sense <b class="b3">π</b>. is sts. adverbial, and the gen. is absent, v. infr. E. II. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">IV</span> in Hdt. and Att. Prose, to denote value, <b class="b3">ἡμῖν π. πολλοῦ ἐστι</b> it is <b class="b2">of</b> much <b class="b2">consequence, worth</b> much, to us, <span class="bibl">Hdt.1</span>. <span class="bibl">120</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">Antipho 6.3</span> ; <b class="b3">π. πολλοῦ ποιεῖσθαί τινας</b> to reckon them <b class="b2">for</b>, i.e. <b class="b2">worth</b>, much, <span class="bibl">Hdt.1.73</span>, <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">Mem.</span>2.3.10</span>, etc.; <b class="b3">π. πλείονος, π. πλείστου ποιεῖσθαι</b>, <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">An.</span>7.7.44</span>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Cyr.</span>7.5.60</span> ; π. πλείστου ἡγεῖσθαι <span class="bibl">Th.2.89</span> ; π. παντὸς ποιεῖσθαι <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">Cyr.</span>1.4.1</span> ; <b class="b3">π. ἐλάττονος ἡγούμενοι, π. οὐδενὸς ἡγήσασθαι</b>, <span class="bibl">Lys.2.71</span>,<span class="bibl">31.31</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">V</span> Aeol. <b class="b3">περί</b> and περ = [[ὑπέρ, στροῦθοι περὶ γᾶς . . δίννεντες πτέρα]] Sapph.1.10; <b class="b3">περ κεφάλας</b> prob. in <span class="bibl">Alc.93</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">18</span> ; περρ ἁπαλῶ στύματός σε πεδέρχομαι <span class="bibl">Theoc.29.25</span>; also Hellenistic, <b class="b3">ὃ διέγραψε Προῖτος περί μου</b> paid <b class="b2">on</b> my <b class="b2">behalf, PCair. Zen</b>.<span class="bibl">790.23</span> (iii B. C.), cf. <span class="bibl"><span class="title">UPZ</span>57.12</span> (ii B. C.). </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">B</span> WITH DATIVE (in Att. Prose mostly in signf. <span class="bibl">11</span>, esp. in Th.), </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">I</span> of Place, <b class="b2">round about, around</b>, of close-fitting dresses, armour, etc., ἔνδυνε π. στήθεσσι χιτῶνα <span class="bibl">Il.10.21</span> ; χιτῶνα π. χροῒ δῦνεν <span class="bibl">Od.15.60</span> ; δύσετο τεύχεα καλὰ π. χροΐ <span class="bibl">Il.13.241</span> ; ἕσσαντο π. χροῒ χαλκόν <span class="bibl">Od.24.467</span>; κνημῖδας . . π. κνήμῃσιν ἔθηκε <span class="bibl">Il.11.17</span> ; βεβλήκει τελαμῶνα π. στήθεσσι <span class="bibl">12.401</span> : in Prose, π. τῇσι κεφαλῇσι εἶχον τιάρας <span class="bibl">Hdt.7.61</span>; θώρακα π. τοῖς στέρνοις ἔχειν <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">Cyr.</span>1.2.13</span>; <b class="b3">οἱ στρεπτοὶ οἱ π. τῇ δέρῃ καὶ τὰ ψέλια π. ταῖς χερσί</b> ib.<span class="bibl">1.3.2</span>. ; π. τῇ χειρὶ δακτύλιον ὄντα <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">R.</span>359e</span>, etc.; χαλκὸς ἔλαμπε π. στήθεσσι <span class="bibl">Il.13.245</span>; χιτῶνα π. στήθεσσι δαΐξαι <span class="bibl">2.416</span> ; πήληξ . . κονάβησε π. κροτάφοισι <span class="bibl">15.648</span>; in other relations, <b class="b3">π. δ' ἔγχεϊ χεῖρα καμεῖται</b> will grow weary <b class="b2">by grasping</b> the spear, <span class="bibl">2.389</span> ; δράκων ἑλισσόμενος π. χειῇ <span class="bibl">22.95</span> ; κνίση ἑλισσομένη π. καπνῷ <span class="bibl">1.317</span>; π. σταχύεσσιν ἐέρση <span class="bibl">23.598</span>; μάρναντο π. Σκαιῇσι πύλῃσιν <span class="bibl">18.453</span> : rarely in Trag., π. βρέτει πλεχθείς <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Eu.</span>259</span> (lyr.); κεῖται νεκρὸς π. νεκρῷ <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">Ant.</span>1240</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">2</span> in Poets, also, <b class="b2">around</b> a weapon, i. e. <b class="b2">spitted upon</b> it, <b class="b2">transfixed by</b> it, π. δουρὶ πεπαρμένη <span class="bibl">Il.21.577</span>; ἐρεικόμενος π. δουρί <span class="bibl">13.441</span> ; κυλινδόμενος π. χαλκῷ <span class="bibl">8.86</span> ; π. δουρὶ ἤσπαιρε <span class="bibl">13.570</span>; πεπτῶτα π. ξίφει <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">Aj.</span>828</span>; αἷμα ἐρωήσει π. δουρί <span class="bibl">Il.1.303</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">3</span> of a warrior <b class="b2">standing over</b> a dead comrade so as to defend him, ἀμφὶ δ' ἄρ' αὐτῷ βαῖν', ὥς τις π. πόρτακι μήτηρ <span class="bibl">17.4</span>; <b class="b3">ἑστήκει, ὥς τίς τε λέων π. οἷσι τέκεσσι</b> ib.<span class="bibl">133</span> ; <b class="b3">Αἴας π. Πατρόκλῳ . . βεβήκει</b> ib.<span class="bibl">137</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">355</span> ; π. σκύμνοισι βεβηκώς <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Eq.</span> 1039</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">II</span> of an object <b class="b2">for</b> or <b class="b2">about</b> which one struggles (cf. supr. A. 11.1), π. οἷσι μαχειόμενος κτεάτεσσι <span class="bibl">Od.17.471</span> ; μαχήσασθαι π. δαιτί <span class="bibl">2.245</span> ; π. παιδὶ μάχης πόνος <span class="bibl">Il.16.568</span> ; ἄνδρα π. ᾗ πατρίδι μαρνάμενον <span class="bibl">Tyrt.10.2</span>; π. τοῖς φιλτάτοις κυβεύειν <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Prt.</span>314a</span> ; π. τῇ Σικελίᾳ ἔσται ὁ ἀγών <span class="bibl">Th.6.34</span> codd.; κινδυνεύειν π. αὑτῷ <span class="bibl">Antipho 5.6</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">2</span> with Verbs denoting care, anxiety, or the opposite (cf. supr. A. 11.2), π. γὰρ δίε ποιμένι λαῶν, μή τι πάθοι <span class="bibl">Il.5.566</span> ; ἔδεισεν δὲ π. ξανθῷ Μενελάῳ <span class="bibl">10.240</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">11.557</span>; δεδιότες π. τῷ χωρίῳ <span class="bibl">Th.1.60</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">74</span>, <span class="bibl">119</span>, <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Eq.</span>27</span>; θαρρεῖν π. τῇ ἑαυτοῦ ψυχῇ <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Phd.</span>114d</span>, cf. <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Tht.</span>148c</span>; π. πλέγματι γαθεῖ <span class="bibl">Theoc.1.54</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">3</span> generally, of the cause or occasion, <b class="b2">on account of, by reason of</b>, <b class="b3">ἀτύζεσθαι π. καπνῷ</b>, v.l. for [[ὑπὸ καπνοῦ]] in <span class="bibl">Il.8.183</span>; μὴ π. Μαρδονίῳ πταίσῃ ἡ Ἑλλάς <span class="bibl">Hdt.9.101</span>; π. σφίσιν αὐτοῖς πταῖσαι <span class="bibl">Th.6.33</span> ; π. αὑτῷ σφαλῆναι <span class="bibl">Id.1.69</span> : in Poets, <b class="b3">π. δείματι</b> <b class="b2">for</b> fear, <span class="bibl">Pi.<span class="title">P.</span>5.58</span> ; <b class="b3">π. τιμᾷ</b> <b class="b2">in</b> honour or praise, ib.<span class="bibl">2.59</span>; <b class="b3">π. τάρβει, π. φόβῳ</b>, <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Pers.</span>696</span> (lyr.), <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Ch.</span>35</span>(lyr.); π. χάρματι <span class="bibl"><span class="title">h.Cer.</span>429</span>:—but <b class="b3">π. θυμῷ</b> is f.l. in <span class="bibl">Hdt.3.50</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">C</span> WITH ACCUSATIVE, </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">I</span> of Place, prop. of the object <b class="b2">round about</b> which motion takes place, <b class="b3">π. βόθρον ἐφοίτων</b> came flocking <b class="b2">round</b> the pit, <span class="bibl">Od.11.42</span> ; π. νεκρὸν ἤλασαν ἵππους <span class="bibl">Il.23.13</span> ; π. τέρματα ἵπποι τρωχῶσι <span class="bibl">22.162</span> ; <b class="b3">ἄστυ πέρι . . διώκειν</b> ib.<span class="bibl">173</span>,<span class="bibl">230</span> ; ἐρύσας π. σῆμα <span class="bibl">24.16</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">51</span>, etc.; π. φρένας ἤλυθ' ἰωή <span class="bibl">10.139</span> ; π. φρένας ἤλυθε οἶνος <span class="bibl">Od.9.362</span> : also of extension <b class="b2">round</b>, <b class="b3">ἑστάμεναι π. τοῖχον, π. βωμόν</b>, <span class="bibl">Il.18.374</span>, <span class="bibl">Od.13.187</span>, etc.; λέξασθαι π. ἄστυ <span class="bibl">Il.8.519</span> ; μάρνασθαι π. ἄ. <span class="bibl">6.256</span>, etc.; φυλάσσοντας π. μῆλα <span class="bibl">12.303</span>; <b class="b3">οἳ π. Πηνειὸν . . ναίεσκον, π. Δωδώνην . . οἰκί' ἔθεντο</b>, <span class="bibl">2.757</span>, <span class="bibl">750</span>; σειρήν κεν π. ῥίον Οὐλύμποιο δησαίμην <span class="bibl">8.25</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">Od.18.67</span>: in Prose, ἰκριῶσαι π. τὼ ἀγάλματε <span class="title">IG</span>12.371.22; φυλακὰς δεῖ π. τὸ στρατόπεδον εἶναι <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">An.</span> 5.1.9</span>; <b class="b3">π. τὴν κρήνην εὕδειν</b> <b class="b2">somewhere near</b> it, <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Phdr.</span>259a</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">Cyr.</span> 1.2.9</span>; εἶναι π. τὸν λαγώ <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Cyn.</span>4.4</span>; <b class="b3">π. λίθον πεσών</b> <b class="b2">upon</b> it, <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Ach.</span> 1180</span>; <b class="b3">π. αὑτὰ καταρρεῖν</b> collapse <b class="b2">upon</b> themselves, <span class="bibl">D.2.10</span>; ταραχθεῖσαι [αἱ νῆες] π. ἀλλήλας <span class="bibl">Th.7.23</span>; <b class="b3">πλεῦνες π. ἕνα</b> many <b class="b2">to</b> one, <span class="bibl">Hdt.7.103</span> ; <b class="b3">π. τὸν ἄρξαντα . . τὸ ἀδίκημά ἐστι</b> is <b class="b2">imputable to</b> him who... <span class="bibl">Antipho 4.4.2</span> : freq. with a Subst. only, <b class="b3">ἡ π. Λέσβον ναυμαχία</b> the sea-fight <b class="b2">off</b> Lesbos, <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">HG</span>2.3.32</span> ; οἱ π. τὴν Ἔφεσον <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Tht.</span>179e</span>; στρατηγοὶ π. Πελοπόννησον <span class="title">IG</span>12.324.18 : strengthd., π. τ' ἀμφί τε τάφρον <span class="bibl">Il.17.760</span>; π. τ' ἀμφί τε κύματα <span class="bibl">Hes.<span class="title">Th.</span>848</span> ; cf. [[ἀμφί]] c. <span class="bibl">1.2</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">2</span> of persons who are <b class="b2">about</b> one, ἔχειν τινὰ π. αὑτόν <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">HG</span>5.3.22</span> ; esp. <b class="b3">οἱ π. τινά</b> a person's attendants, connexions, associates, or colleagues, οἱ π. τὸν Πείσανδρον πρέσβεις <span class="bibl">Th.8.63</span> ; <b class="b3">οἱ π. Ἡράκλειτον</b> his school, <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Cra.</span>440c</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">An.</span>1.5.8</span>, etc.; <b class="b3">οἱ π. Ἀρχίαν πολέμαρχοι</b> Archias <b class="b2">and his colleagues</b>, <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">HG</span>5.4.2</span>, cf. <span class="bibl"><span class="title">An.</span>2.4.2</span>, etc.; <b class="b3">οἱ π. τινά</b> so-and-so <b class="b2">and his family</b>, PGrenf.1.21.16 (ii B.C.), etc.; later <b class="b3">οἱ π. τινά</b>, periphr. for the person himself, <b class="b3">οἱ π. Φαβρίκιον</b> Fabricius, <span class="bibl">Plu.<span class="title">Pyrrh.</span>20</span>, cf. <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Tim.</span>13</span>, <span class="title">IGRom.</span>3.883.14 (Tarsus, ii/iii A.D.); cf. [[ἀμφί]] C. 1.3. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">3</span> of the object <b class="b2">about</b> which one is occupied or concerned, <b class="b3">π. δόρπα πονεῖσθαι, π. δεῖπνον πένεσθαι</b>, <span class="bibl">Il.24.444</span>, <span class="bibl">Od.4.624</span> (but <b class="b3">π. τεύχε' ἕπουσι</b>, tmesis for <b class="b3">περιέπουσι</b>, <span class="bibl">Il.15.555</span>); later mostly <b class="b3">εἶναι π. τι</b>, <span class="bibl">Th.7.31</span>, <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">HG</span>2.2.4</span>; γενέσθαι <span class="bibl">Isoc.3.12</span>; <b class="b3">π. γυναῖκας γενέσθαι</b> Vett. Val.<span class="bibl">17.20</span>; ὄντων ἡμῶν π. ταύτην τὴν πραγματείαν <span class="bibl">D.48.6</span>; διατρῖψαι π. τὴν θήραν <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">Cyr.</span>1.2.11</span>, etc.: less freq. ἔχειν π. τινάς <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">HG</span>7.4.28</span>, Gal.15.442; in periphr. phrases, <b class="b3">οἱ π. τὴν ποίησιν καὶ τοὺς λόγους ὄντες</b> poets and orators, <span class="bibl">Isoc.12.35</span> ; οἱ π. τὴν φιλοσοφίαν ὄντες <span class="bibl">Id.9.8</span>; <b class="b3">οἱ π. τὴν μουσικήν</b> ib.4 ; <b class="b3">οἱ π. τὰς τελετάς</b> ministers of the mysteries, <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Phd.</span>69c</span> ; <b class="b3">ὁ π. τὸν ἵππον</b> the groom, <span class="bibl">X. <span class="title">Eq.</span>6.3</span>; cf. [[ἀμφί]] C. <span class="bibl">1.6</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">4</span> <b class="b2">round</b> or <b class="b2">about</b> a place, and so <b class="b2">in</b>, π. νῆσον ἀλώμενοι <span class="bibl">Od.4.368</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">90</span>; ἐμέμηκον π. σηκούς <span class="bibl">9.439</span> ; <b class="b3">ἃν π. ψυχὰν γάθησεν</b> <b class="b2">in</b> his heart, <span class="bibl">Pi.<span class="title">P.</span>4.122</span> ; χρονίζειν π. Αἴγυπτον <span class="bibl">Hdt.3.61</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">7.131</span>; εὕροι ἄν τις [βασιλείας] π. τοὺς βαρβάρους <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">R.</span>544d</span>, etc.; οἱ π. Φωκίδα τόποι <span class="bibl">Plb.5.24.12</span>, etc. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">5</span> <b class="b2">about, in the case of</b>, <b class="b3">τὰ π. τὴν Αἴγυπτον γεγονότα, τὰ π. Μίλητον γενόμενα</b>, <span class="bibl">Hdt.3.13</span>, <span class="bibl">6.26</span> ; εὐσεβεῖν π. θεούς <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Smp.</span>193a</span> ; ἀσεβεῖν π. ξένους <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">Cyr.</span>5.2.10</span> ; ἁμαρτάνειν π. τινάς <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">An.</span>3.2.20</span>; ἀνήρ ἐστιν ἀγαθὸς π. τὸν δῆμον τὸν Ἀθηναίων <span class="title">IG</span>12.59.10 ; ἄνδρ' ἀγαθὸν ὄντα Μαραθῶνι π. τὴν πόλιν <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Ach.</span>696</span> ; τοιαύτην γνώμην ἔχειν π. τὸν πατέρα <span class="bibl">Lys.10.21</span> ; οὐδεμία συμφορὴ . . ἔσται . . π. οἶκον τὸν σόν <span class="bibl">Hdt.8.102</span> ; <b class="b3">ποιέειν</b> or <b class="b3">πράττειν τι π. τινά</b>, <span class="bibl">Id.1.158</span>, <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Grg.</span> 507a</span>; τὰ π. Πρηξάσπεα πρηχθέντα <span class="bibl">Hdt.3.76</span> ; καινοτομεῖν π. τὰ θεῖα <span class="bibl">Pl. <span class="title">Euthphr.</span>3b</span> ; π. θεοὺς μὴ σωφρονεῖν <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">Mem.</span>1.1.20</span> ; <b class="b3">σπουδάζειν π. τινά</b> promote his cause, <span class="bibl">Isoc.1.10</span>: without a Verb, αἱ π. τοὺς παῖδας συμφοραί <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">Cyr.</span>7.2.20</span>; ἡ π. αὑτὸν ἐπιμέλεια <span class="bibl">Isoc.9.2</span>; ἡ π. ἡμᾶς ἡνιόχησις <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Phdr.</span>246b</span>: generally, of all relations, <b class="b2">about, concerning, in respect of</b>, π. μὲν τοὺς ἰχθύας οὕτως ἔχει <span class="bibl">Hdt.2.93</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">8.86</span>; πονηρὸν π. τὸ σῶμα <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Prt.</span>313d</span>; ἀκόλαστος π. ταῦτα <span class="bibl">Aeschin.1.42</span> ; <b class="b3">γελοῖος π. τὰς διατριβάς</b> ib.126 ; ξυνηνέχθη θόρυβος π. τὸν Ἀστύοχον <span class="bibl">Th.8.84</span>; <b class="b2">as to</b> (cf. A. 11.5), π. τὸ παρὸν πάθος <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Tht.</span>179c</span>, cf. <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Phd.</span>65a</span> : freq. in place of an Adj., <b class="b3">ὄργανα ὅσα π. γεωργίαν</b>, i.e. <b class="b3">γεωργικά</b>, <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">R.</span>370d</span> ; οἱ νόμοι οἱ π. τοὺς γάμους <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Cri.</span>50d</span> ; αἱ π. τὰ μαθήματα ἡδοναί <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Phlb.</span>51e</span> ; also in place of a gen., <b class="b3">οἱ π. Αυσίαν λόγοι</b> the speeches <b class="b2">of</b> L., <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Phdr.</span>279a</span>; <b class="b3">ἡ π. Φίλιππον τυραννίς</b> the despotism <b class="b2">of</b> P., <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">HG</span>5.4.2</span> ; ἀκρασίας τῆς π. τὸν θυμόν <span class="bibl">Arist.<span class="title">EN</span>1149b19</span> : in Prose, to denote circumstances <b class="b2">connected with</b> any person or thing, <b class="b3">τὰ π. Κῦρον, τὰ π. Ἑλένην, τὰ π. Βάττον</b>, <span class="bibl">Hdt.1.95</span>, <span class="bibl">2.113</span>, <span class="bibl">4.154</span> ; <b class="b3">τὰ π. τὸν Ἄθων</b> the <b class="b2">works at</b> Mount Athos, <span class="bibl">Id.7.37</span>; <b class="b3">τὰ π. τὰς ναῦς</b> naval <b class="b2">affairs</b>, <span class="bibl">Th.1.13</span>; <b class="b3">τὰ π. τὴν ναυμαχίαν</b> (v.l. for [[τῆς ναυμαχίας]]) the <b class="b2">events of</b>... <span class="bibl">Id.8.63</span>; τὰ π. τὸν πόλεμον <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">R.</span>468a</span>; τὰ π. τὸ σῶμα <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Phdr.</span>246d</span>; τὰ π. τοὺς θεούς <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">Cyr.</span>8.1.23</span>, etc.; cf. [[ἀμφί]] c.<span class="bibl">1.4</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">II</span> of Time, <b class="b3">π. λύχνων ἁφάς</b> <b class="b2">about</b> the time of lamp-lighting, <span class="bibl">Hdt.7.215</span>; <b class="b3">π. μέσας νύκτας</b> <b class="b2">about</b> midnight, <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">An.</span>1.7.1</span>; <b class="b3">π. πλήθουσαν ἀγοράν</b> ib.<span class="bibl">2.1.7</span>; <b class="b3">π. ἡλίου δυσμάς</b> ib.<span class="bibl">6.5.32</span> ; π. τούτους τοὺς χρόνους <span class="bibl">Th.3.89</span>, etc. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">2</span> of round numbers, <b class="b3">π. ἑβδομήκοντα</b> <b class="b2">about</b> seventy, <span class="bibl">Id.1.54</span>; π. ἑπτακοσίους <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">HG</span>2.4.5</span>, etc. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">D</span> Position: π. may follow its Subst., when it suffers anastrophe, ἄστυ πέρι <span class="bibl">Il.22.173</span>; ἔριδος πέρι <span class="bibl">16.476</span>: most freq. with gen., τοῦδε πράγματος πέρι <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Eu.</span>630</span>; τῶνδε βουλεύειν πέρι <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Th.</span> 248</span>, etc. (S. only once uses it <b class="b2">before</b> its gen., <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Aj.</span>150</span> (anap.)): in Prose, σφέων αὐτῶν πέρι <span class="bibl">Hdt.8.36</span>; σοφίας πέρι <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Phlb.</span>49a</span>; δικαίων τε πέρι καὶ ἀδίκων <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Grg.</span>455a</span>, etc.; γραμμάτων εἴπομεν ὡς οὐχ ἱκανῶς ἔχεις πέρι <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Lg.</span>809e</span>, cf. <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Ap.</span>19c</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">E</span> <b class="b3">περί</b> abs., as ADV., <b class="b2">around, about</b>, also, <b class="b2">near, by</b>, freq. in Hom., γέλασσε δὲ πᾶσα π. χθών <span class="bibl">Il.19.362</span>, al.: strengthd., περί τ' ἀμφί τε κάλλος ἄητο <b class="b2">round about</b>, h.Cer.276, cf. <span class="bibl">Call.<span class="title">Hec.</span>1.1.13</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">II</span> <b class="b2">before</b> or <b class="b2">above others</b> (cf. A. 111), <b class="b2">exceedingly</b>, only Ep., in which case it commonly suffers anastrophe, Τυδεΐδη, πέρι μέν σε τίον Δαναοί <span class="bibl">Il.8.161</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">9.53</span>; <b class="b3">σε χρὴ πέρι μὲν φάσθαι ἔπος ἠδ' ἐπακοῦσαι</b> ib.<span class="bibl">100</span>; τοι πέρι δῶκε θεὸς πολεμήϊα ἔργα <span class="bibl">13.727</span>; ἅ οἱ πέρι δῶκεν Ἀθήνη <span class="bibl">Od.2.116</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">7.110</span>; πέρι γάρ μιν ὀϊζυρὸν τέκε μήτηρ <span class="bibl">3.95</span>; πέρι κέρδεα οἶδεν <span class="bibl">2.88</span>; τὸν πέρι Μοῦσ' ἐφίλησεν <span class="bibl">8.63</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">2</span> π. does not suffer anastrophe in the Ep. phrase <b class="b3">π. κῆρι</b> <b class="b2">right heartily</b>, π. κῆρι φίλησε <span class="bibl">Il.13.430</span>, etc. (<b class="b3">κῆρι φιλεῖν</b> alone, <span class="bibl">9.117</span>); ἀπέχθωνται π. κῆρι <span class="bibl">4.53</span>; <b class="b3">π. κῆρι τιέσκετο</b> ib.<span class="bibl">46</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">Od.5.36</span>, <span class="bibl">7.69</span>; π. κῆρι . . ἐχολώθη <span class="bibl">Il.13.206</span>; also π. φρεσὶν ἄσπετος ἀλκή <span class="bibl">16.157</span>; π. φρεσὶν αἴσιμα ᾔδη <span class="bibl">Od.14.433</span>; ἀλύσσοντες π. θυμῷ <span class="bibl">Il.22.70</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">Od.14.146</span>; π. σθένεϊ <span class="bibl">Il.17.22</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">3</span> for <b class="b3">περὶ πρό</b>, v. [[περιπρό]]. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">4</span> <b class="b3">περὶ κάτω</b> bottom <b class="b2">upwards</b>, δῖνος π. κάτω τετραμμένος <span class="bibl">Stratt.34</span>, cf. Phot.; τὴν κόγχην στρέψας π. τὰ κάτω <span class="bibl">Ael.<span class="title">NA</span>9.34</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">F</span> IN COMPOS. all its chief senses recur, esp. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">I</span> extension in all directions as from a centre, <b class="b2">all round</b>, as in <b class="b3">περιβάλλω, περιβλέπω, περιέχω</b>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">II</span> completion of an orbit and return to the same point, <b class="b2">about</b>, as in <b class="b3">περιάγω, περιβαίνω, περίειμι</b> (<b class="b3">εἶμι</b> <b class="b2">ibo</b>), <b class="b3">περιέρχομαι, περιστρέφω</b>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">III</span> a going over or beyond, <b class="b2">above, before</b>, as in <b class="b3">περιβαίνω</b> III, <b class="b3">περιβάλλω</b> v, <b class="b3">περιγίγνομαι, περιεργάζομαι, περιτοξεύω</b>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">IV</span> generally, a strengthening of the simple notion, <b class="b2">beyond measure, very, exceedingly</b>, as in <b class="b3">περικαλλής, περίκηλος, περιδείδω</b>, like Lat. <b class="b2">per</b>-. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">V</span> the notion of <b class="b2">double</b>-ness which belongs to <b class="b3">ἀμφί</b> is found in only one poetic compd., <b class="b3">περιδέξιος</b> (q.v.). </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">G</span> PROSODY: <b class="b3">περί</b> never suffers elision in Il. or Od. (περ' ἰγνύσι <span class="bibl"><span class="title">h.Merc.</span>152</span>); once in Hes., περίαχε <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Th.</span>678</span> (cf. <span class="bibl">Q.S.3.601</span>, <span class="bibl">11.382</span>), v. [[ἰάχω]] fin.; περ' ἰγνύῃσι <span class="bibl">Theoc.25.242</span> ; περ' Ἠδάλιον <span class="title">Inscr.Cypr.</span> 135.27 H.; also in Pi., περάπτων <span class="bibl"><span class="title">P.</span>3.52</span> ; περόδοις <span class="bibl"><span class="title">N.</span>11.40</span>; περιδαῖος <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Fr.</span>154</span> ; περ' αὐτᾶς <span class="bibl"><span class="title">P.</span>4.265</span> ; ταύτας περ' ἀτλάτου πάθας <span class="bibl"><span class="title">O.</span>6.38</span> : not in Trag. (<b class="b3">περεβάλοντο, περεσκήνωσεν</b> are ff. ll. in <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Ag.</span>1147</span>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Eu.</span>634</span>); in Com. and codd. of Prose writers only in part. of <b class="b3">περίειμι</b> (<b class="b3">εἶμι</b> <b class="b2">ibo</b>) (q. v.):—π. stands before a word beginning with a vowel in Com., <b class="b3">περὶ Ἀθηνῶν, περὶ ἐμοῦ</b>, <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Eq.</span>1005</span> sq.:—Aeol. περρ metri gr., v. A. 5.</span>
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{{pape
|ptext=[[https://www.translatum.gr/images/pape/pape-02-0564.png Seite 564]] <b class="b2">um, herum</b>, A. Adverbium; [[περί]] τ' [[ἀμφί]] τε, rings umher, H. h. Cer. 277; oft in tmesi, wie man Stellen erklärt wie περὶ δ' αὐλὴ ὑψηλὴ δέδμητο, ringsum, Od. 9, 184, περὶ χεῖρε βαλοῦσα Aesch. Ag. 1540, wo aber die Präposition genauer als für sich stehendes Adverb betrachtet wird. – Bes. hat περὶ oft die Bdtg des Darüberhinausgehens (ὑπὲρ τὸ τῆς φύσεως [[μέτρον]], περισσῶς erklären die Scholl. gewöhnlich), des Vorzüglichen, und bezeichnet einen hohen Grad, ist also durch <b class="b2">sehr, gar sehr</b> zu übersetzen, in welchem Falle mit zurückgezogenem Tone πέρι geschrieben wird, πέρι μέν σε τίον [[Δαναοί]], sie ebrten dich ausgezeichnet, Il. 8, 161 (an welcher Stelle Spitzner u. Bekker [[περί]] schreiben, wie Il. 11, 557 auch Wolf περὶ γὰρ δίε νηυσὶν Ἀχαιῶν hat; Od. 14, 433 περὶ γὰρ φρεσὶν αἴσιμα ᾔδη; in welchen Stellen aber auch die Erkl. des [[περί]] als adv. vorzuziehen ist, wie auch 2, 88, ἥ τοι πέρι κέρδεα οἶδεν); τῷ σε χρὴ πέρι μὲν [[φάσθαι]] [[ἔπος]] ἠδ' ἐπακοῦσαι, Il. 9, 100, dir ziemt es vor Allen; πέρι μὲν πολέμῳ ἔνι [[καρτερός]] ἐσσι, ib. 53; τὸ δὴ πέρι θαῦμα τέτυκτο, 18, 549; περι δ' ἱρὰ θεοῖσιν ἀθανάτοισιν ἔδωκε, Od. 1, 66, vgl. 4, 722; τὸν πέρι Μοῦσ' ἐφίλησε, 8, 63, u. oft; – πέρι κῆρι, gar sehr von Herzen, recht herzlich, z. B. [[τάων]] μοι πέρι κῆρι τιέσκετο [[Ἴλιος]] ἱρή, Il. 4, 46, wo Spitzner u. Bekker wieder nach der Tradition der Alten [[περί]] schreiben; vgl. 4, 53. 13, 119. 206. 430. 24, 61. 423. 435 Od. 5, 36 (zu welcher Stelle Nitzsch zu vgl.). 6, 158. 7, 69. 15, 245. 19, 280. 23, 339; eben so πέρι θυμῷ, Il. 22, 70 (Spitzner u. Bekker [[περί]]) Od. 14, 146; u. so faßte Wolf auch Il. 17, 22, θυμὸς ἐνὶ στήθεσσι πέρι σθένεϊ βλεμεαίνει, weil sonst σθένεϊ βλεμεαίνει eine geläufige Vrbdg ist, Spitzner aber u. Bekker haben wieder [[περί]] als Präposition (s. B. 2); – περὶ πρό wird richtiger als ein Wort geschrieben (s. unten), od. müßte wenigstens πέρι πρό geschrieben werden. – Steht in dem Satze εἶναι, so zieht man [[περί]] dazu und nimmt eine tmesis an (vgl. περιεῖναι); folgt ein gen., so wird es ebenfalls richtiger als Präposition betrachtet (s. B. 1).
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Revision as of 19:51, 2 August 2017

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Full diacritics: περί Medium diacritics: περί Low diacritics: περί Capitals: ΠΕΡΙ
Transliteration A: perí Transliteration B: peri Transliteration C: peri Beta Code: peri/

English (LSJ)

Thess., Delph. περ IG9(2).517.17 (iii B.C.), al., Schwyzer 323 A4 (v/iv B.C.), also Aeol., v. infr. A. V ; Elean παρ ib.413.4 : Prep. with gen., dat., and acc.:—

   A round about, all round (prop. different from ἀμφί, on both sides). (Cogn. with Skt. pári 'round about'.)    A WITH GENITIVE,    I of Place, sts. in Poets, round about, around, τετάνυστο π. σπείους ἡμερίς Od.5.68 ; τείχη π. Δαρδανίας E. Tr.818 (lyr., s.v.l.); εἴλυμα π. χροός A.R.2.1129 : rarely, like ἀμφί, on both sides, v. περιβαίνω 1 fin.    2 about near, π. σοῦ πάντα γένοιτο ῥόδα IG14.2508 (Nemausus).    II to denote the object about or for which one does something:    1 with Verbs of fighting or contending, π. τινός for an object—from the notion of the thing's lying in the middle to be fought about, π. τῶνδε for these prizes, Il.23.659 ; π. πτόλιος . . μαχήσεται 18.265 ; π. Πατρόκλοιο θανόντος ib.195, cf. 17.120; π. σεῖο 3.137 ; π. νηὸς ἔχον πόνον 15.416; ἀμύνεσθαι π. πάτρης, π. νηῶν, π. τέκνων, 12.243,142,170, etc.; δόλους καὶ μῆτιν ὕφαινον, ὥς τε π. ψυχῆς since it was for my life, Od.9.423 ; π. ψυχῆς θέον Ἕκτορος Il.22.161 ; π. ψυχέων ἐμάχοντο Od.22.245; in Prose, τρέχειν π. ἑωυτοῦ, π. τῆς ψυχῆς, Hdt.7.57,9.37; ἀγῶνας δραμέονται π. σφέων αὐτῶν Id.8.102; νεναυμάχηκε τὴν π. τῶν κρεῶν Ar. Ra.191 ; <τὸν> π. τοῦ παντὸς δρόμον θέοντες Hdt.8.74; κινδυνεύειν π. τινός ibid., etc.; οὐ π. τῶν ἴσων ὁ κίνδυνός ἐστι X.HG7.1.7; and without a Verb, π. γῆς ὅρων διαφοραί Th.1.122; π. πάντων ἀγαθῶν ὁ ἀγών X.Cyr. 3.3.44, cf. S.Aj.936(lyr.), etc.; μάχη π. τινός Pl.Tht.179d ; ἐπειγόμενοι π. νίκης Il.23.437, cf. 639, Hdt.8.26 ; πεῖραν θανάτου π. καὶ ζωᾶς ἀναβάλλεσθαι Pi.N.9.29 ; π. θανάτου φεύγειν Antipho 5.95 ; but ἐρίσσαι π. μύθων contend about speaking, i. e. who can speak best, Il.15.284 ; καὶ ἀθανάτοισιν ἐρίζεσκον π. τόξων Od.8.225, cf. 24.515.    2 with words which denote care or anxiety, about, on account of, π. Τρώων . . μερμηρίζειν Il.20.17; ἄχος π. τινός Od.21.249 ; φόνου π. βουλεύειν 16.234 ; φροντίζειν π. τινός Hdt.8.36, etc.; κήδεσθαι π. τ. S.Ph. 621 ; δεδιέναι π. τ. Pl.Prt.320a, etc.; ἀπολογεῖσθαι π. τ. X.Cyr.2.2.13; κρίνειν, διαγιγνώσκειν π. τ., Pi.N.5.40, Antipho 5.96; π. τ. ψηφίζεσθαι, διαψηφίζεσθαι, ψῆφον φέρειν, IG12.57.42, X.HG2.3.50, Lycurg.11 ; βουλεύεσθαι π. τῆς κοινῆς σωτηρίας Isoc.5.69 ; π. Μεθωναίων IG12.57.49 ; διανοεῖσθαι, σκοπεῖν π. τινός, Pl.Phdr.270d, Phd.65e; μαντεύεσθαι π. τ. Hdt.8.36, cf. S.Tr.77 ; π. πότου γοῦν ἐστί σοι; so with you it is a question of drink? Ar.Eq.87, cf. Plu.2.43b.    3 with Verbs of hearing, knowing, speaking, etc., about, concerning, π. νόστου ἄκουσα Od.19.270 ; οἶδα γὰρ εὖ π. κείνου 17.563 ; π. πομπῆς μνησόμεθα 7.191 ; π. πατρὸς ἐρέσθαι 1.135, 3.77 ; π. τινὸς ἐρέειν, λέγειν, λόγον ποιήσασθαι, etc., Hdt. 1.5, S.OT707, X.Cyr.1.6.13, etc.; λέγειν καὶ ἀκούειν π. ἑκάστου Th.4.22, etc.; λόγος π. τινός Pl.Prt.347b, etc.; ἡ π. τινὸς φήμη Aeschin.1.48 ; π. τινὸς ἀγγεῖλαι, κηρῦξαι, S.El.1111, Ant.193 ; π. τινὸς διελθεῖν, διεξελθεῖν, διηγεῖσθαι, Isoc.9.2, Pl.Plt.274b, Euthphr.6c, etc.; παίζειν π. τινός X.Mem.1.3.8; ἐμπειροτέρως ἔχειν π. τινός Aeschin.1.82; νόμον γράψαι π. τινός X.HG2.3.52, etc.; νόμῳ χρῆσθαι π. τινός S.Ant. 214.    4 of impulse or motive rather than object, ἐμαρνάσθην ἔριδος πέρι fought for very enmity, Il.7.301, cf. 16.476, 20.253.    5 about, in regard to, μεμηνυμένος π. τινός Th.6.53 ; οὕτως ἔσχε π. τοῦ πρήγματος τούτου Hdt.1.117; τὰ π. τῶν Πλαταιῶν γεγενημένα Th.2.6; τὸ π. τούτου γεγονός Plb.1.54.5 : in Prose freq. without a Verb, ἡ π. τῶν Μαντινικῶν πρᾶξις Th.6.88 ; τὰ π. τινός the circumstances of... ib.32, 8.14,26, etc. (cf. infr. C. 1.5); οὕτω δὴ καὶ π. τῶν ἀρετῶν (sc. ἔχει) Pl.Men.72c, cf. R.534b, 551c, etc.; π. τοῦ καταλειφθῆναι τὸν σῖτον as for reserving the corn, PMich.Zen.28.5 (iii B.C.): without the Art., ἀριθμοῦ πέρι as to number, Hdt.7.102; χρηστηρίων δὲ πέρι . . Id.2.54.    III before, above, beyond, of superiority, chiefly in Ep., π. πάντων ἔμμεναι ἄλλων Il.1.287; π. δ' ἄλλων φασὶ γενέσθαι 4.375; τετιμῆσθαι π. πάντων 9.38; ὃν π. πάσης τῖεν ὁμηλικίης 5.325 ; ὃν . . π. πάντων φίλατο παίδων 20.304; π. πάντων ἴδριες ἀνδρῶν Od.7.108; κρατερὸς π. πάντων Il.21.566, cf. 1.417, Od.11.216: in this sense freq. divided from its gen., π. φρένας ἔμμεναι ἄλλων in understanding to be beyond them, Il.17.171, cf. 1.258, Od.1.66 ; π. μὲν εἶδος, π. δ' ἔργα τέτυκτο τῶν ἄλλων Δαναῶν Il.17.279 ; π. μὲν κρατέεις, π. δ' αἴσυλα ῥέζεις ἀνδρῶν 21.214 ; π. δ' ἔγχει Ἀχαιῶν φέρτατός ἐσσι 7.289, cf. Pi.O.6.50, Theoc. 25.119.—In this sense π. is sts. adverbial, and the gen. is absent, v. infr. E. II.    IV in Hdt. and Att. Prose, to denote value, ἡμῖν π. πολλοῦ ἐστι it is of much consequence, worth much, to us, Hdt.1. 120, cf. Antipho 6.3 ; π. πολλοῦ ποιεῖσθαί τινας to reckon them for, i.e. worth, much, Hdt.1.73, X.Mem.2.3.10, etc.; π. πλείονος, π. πλείστου ποιεῖσθαι, Id.An.7.7.44, Cyr.7.5.60 ; π. πλείστου ἡγεῖσθαι Th.2.89 ; π. παντὸς ποιεῖσθαι X.Cyr.1.4.1 ; π. ἐλάττονος ἡγούμενοι, π. οὐδενὸς ἡγήσασθαι, Lys.2.71,31.31.    V Aeol. περί and περ = ὑπέρ, στροῦθοι περὶ γᾶς . . δίννεντες πτέρα Sapph.1.10; περ κεφάλας prob. in Alc.93, cf. 18 ; περρ ἁπαλῶ στύματός σε πεδέρχομαι Theoc.29.25; also Hellenistic, ὃ διέγραψε Προῖτος περί μου paid on my behalf, PCair. Zen.790.23 (iii B. C.), cf. UPZ57.12 (ii B. C.).    B WITH DATIVE (in Att. Prose mostly in signf. 11, esp. in Th.),    I of Place, round about, around, of close-fitting dresses, armour, etc., ἔνδυνε π. στήθεσσι χιτῶνα Il.10.21 ; χιτῶνα π. χροῒ δῦνεν Od.15.60 ; δύσετο τεύχεα καλὰ π. χροΐ Il.13.241 ; ἕσσαντο π. χροῒ χαλκόν Od.24.467; κνημῖδας . . π. κνήμῃσιν ἔθηκε Il.11.17 ; βεβλήκει τελαμῶνα π. στήθεσσι 12.401 : in Prose, π. τῇσι κεφαλῇσι εἶχον τιάρας Hdt.7.61; θώρακα π. τοῖς στέρνοις ἔχειν X.Cyr.1.2.13; οἱ στρεπτοὶ οἱ π. τῇ δέρῃ καὶ τὰ ψέλια π. ταῖς χερσί ib.1.3.2. ; π. τῇ χειρὶ δακτύλιον ὄντα Pl.R.359e, etc.; χαλκὸς ἔλαμπε π. στήθεσσι Il.13.245; χιτῶνα π. στήθεσσι δαΐξαι 2.416 ; πήληξ . . κονάβησε π. κροτάφοισι 15.648; in other relations, π. δ' ἔγχεϊ χεῖρα καμεῖται will grow weary by grasping the spear, 2.389 ; δράκων ἑλισσόμενος π. χειῇ 22.95 ; κνίση ἑλισσομένη π. καπνῷ 1.317; π. σταχύεσσιν ἐέρση 23.598; μάρναντο π. Σκαιῇσι πύλῃσιν 18.453 : rarely in Trag., π. βρέτει πλεχθείς A.Eu.259 (lyr.); κεῖται νεκρὸς π. νεκρῷ S.Ant.1240.    2 in Poets, also, around a weapon, i. e. spitted upon it, transfixed by it, π. δουρὶ πεπαρμένη Il.21.577; ἐρεικόμενος π. δουρί 13.441 ; κυλινδόμενος π. χαλκῷ 8.86 ; π. δουρὶ ἤσπαιρε 13.570; πεπτῶτα π. ξίφει S.Aj.828; αἷμα ἐρωήσει π. δουρί Il.1.303.    3 of a warrior standing over a dead comrade so as to defend him, ἀμφὶ δ' ἄρ' αὐτῷ βαῖν', ὥς τις π. πόρτακι μήτηρ 17.4; ἑστήκει, ὥς τίς τε λέων π. οἷσι τέκεσσι ib.133 ; Αἴας π. Πατρόκλῳ . . βεβήκει ib.137, cf. 355 ; π. σκύμνοισι βεβηκώς Ar.Eq. 1039.    II of an object for or about which one struggles (cf. supr. A. 11.1), π. οἷσι μαχειόμενος κτεάτεσσι Od.17.471 ; μαχήσασθαι π. δαιτί 2.245 ; π. παιδὶ μάχης πόνος Il.16.568 ; ἄνδρα π. ᾗ πατρίδι μαρνάμενον Tyrt.10.2; π. τοῖς φιλτάτοις κυβεύειν Pl.Prt.314a ; π. τῇ Σικελίᾳ ἔσται ὁ ἀγών Th.6.34 codd.; κινδυνεύειν π. αὑτῷ Antipho 5.6.    2 with Verbs denoting care, anxiety, or the opposite (cf. supr. A. 11.2), π. γὰρ δίε ποιμένι λαῶν, μή τι πάθοι Il.5.566 ; ἔδεισεν δὲ π. ξανθῷ Μενελάῳ 10.240, cf. 11.557; δεδιότες π. τῷ χωρίῳ Th.1.60, cf. 74, 119, Ar.Eq.27; θαρρεῖν π. τῇ ἑαυτοῦ ψυχῇ Pl.Phd.114d, cf. Tht.148c; π. πλέγματι γαθεῖ Theoc.1.54.    3 generally, of the cause or occasion, on account of, by reason of, ἀτύζεσθαι π. καπνῷ, v.l. for ὑπὸ καπνοῦ in Il.8.183; μὴ π. Μαρδονίῳ πταίσῃ ἡ Ἑλλάς Hdt.9.101; π. σφίσιν αὐτοῖς πταῖσαι Th.6.33 ; π. αὑτῷ σφαλῆναι Id.1.69 : in Poets, π. δείματι for fear, Pi.P.5.58 ; π. τιμᾷ in honour or praise, ib.2.59; π. τάρβει, π. φόβῳ, A.Pers.696 (lyr.), Ch.35(lyr.); π. χάρματι h.Cer.429:—but π. θυμῷ is f.l. in Hdt.3.50.    C WITH ACCUSATIVE,    I of Place, prop. of the object round about which motion takes place, π. βόθρον ἐφοίτων came flocking round the pit, Od.11.42 ; π. νεκρὸν ἤλασαν ἵππους Il.23.13 ; π. τέρματα ἵπποι τρωχῶσι 22.162 ; ἄστυ πέρι . . διώκειν ib.173,230 ; ἐρύσας π. σῆμα 24.16, cf. 51, etc.; π. φρένας ἤλυθ' ἰωή 10.139 ; π. φρένας ἤλυθε οἶνος Od.9.362 : also of extension round, ἑστάμεναι π. τοῖχον, π. βωμόν, Il.18.374, Od.13.187, etc.; λέξασθαι π. ἄστυ Il.8.519 ; μάρνασθαι π. ἄ. 6.256, etc.; φυλάσσοντας π. μῆλα 12.303; οἳ π. Πηνειὸν . . ναίεσκον, π. Δωδώνην . . οἰκί' ἔθεντο, 2.757, 750; σειρήν κεν π. ῥίον Οὐλύμποιο δησαίμην 8.25, cf. Od.18.67: in Prose, ἰκριῶσαι π. τὼ ἀγάλματε IG12.371.22; φυλακὰς δεῖ π. τὸ στρατόπεδον εἶναι X.An. 5.1.9; π. τὴν κρήνην εὕδειν somewhere near it, Pl.Phdr.259a, cf. X.Cyr. 1.2.9; εἶναι π. τὸν λαγώ Id.Cyn.4.4; π. λίθον πεσών upon it, Ar.Ach. 1180; π. αὑτὰ καταρρεῖν collapse upon themselves, D.2.10; ταραχθεῖσαι [αἱ νῆες] π. ἀλλήλας Th.7.23; πλεῦνες π. ἕνα many to one, Hdt.7.103 ; π. τὸν ἄρξαντα . . τὸ ἀδίκημά ἐστι is imputable to him who... Antipho 4.4.2 : freq. with a Subst. only, ἡ π. Λέσβον ναυμαχία the sea-fight off Lesbos, X.HG2.3.32 ; οἱ π. τὴν Ἔφεσον Pl.Tht.179e; στρατηγοὶ π. Πελοπόννησον IG12.324.18 : strengthd., π. τ' ἀμφί τε τάφρον Il.17.760; π. τ' ἀμφί τε κύματα Hes.Th.848 ; cf. ἀμφί c. 1.2.    2 of persons who are about one, ἔχειν τινὰ π. αὑτόν X.HG5.3.22 ; esp. οἱ π. τινά a person's attendants, connexions, associates, or colleagues, οἱ π. τὸν Πείσανδρον πρέσβεις Th.8.63 ; οἱ π. Ἡράκλειτον his school, Pl.Cra.440c, cf. X.An.1.5.8, etc.; οἱ π. Ἀρχίαν πολέμαρχοι Archias and his colleagues, Id.HG5.4.2, cf. An.2.4.2, etc.; οἱ π. τινά so-and-so and his family, PGrenf.1.21.16 (ii B.C.), etc.; later οἱ π. τινά, periphr. for the person himself, οἱ π. Φαβρίκιον Fabricius, Plu.Pyrrh.20, cf. Tim.13, IGRom.3.883.14 (Tarsus, ii/iii A.D.); cf. ἀμφί C. 1.3.    3 of the object about which one is occupied or concerned, π. δόρπα πονεῖσθαι, π. δεῖπνον πένεσθαι, Il.24.444, Od.4.624 (but π. τεύχε' ἕπουσι, tmesis for περιέπουσι, Il.15.555); later mostly εἶναι π. τι, Th.7.31, X.HG2.2.4; γενέσθαι Isoc.3.12; π. γυναῖκας γενέσθαι Vett. Val.17.20; ὄντων ἡμῶν π. ταύτην τὴν πραγματείαν D.48.6; διατρῖψαι π. τὴν θήραν X.Cyr.1.2.11, etc.: less freq. ἔχειν π. τινάς Id.HG7.4.28, Gal.15.442; in periphr. phrases, οἱ π. τὴν ποίησιν καὶ τοὺς λόγους ὄντες poets and orators, Isoc.12.35 ; οἱ π. τὴν φιλοσοφίαν ὄντες Id.9.8; οἱ π. τὴν μουσικήν ib.4 ; οἱ π. τὰς τελετάς ministers of the mysteries, Pl.Phd.69c ; ὁ π. τὸν ἵππον the groom, X. Eq.6.3; cf. ἀμφί C. 1.6.    4 round or about a place, and so in, π. νῆσον ἀλώμενοι Od.4.368, cf. 90; ἐμέμηκον π. σηκούς 9.439 ; ἃν π. ψυχὰν γάθησεν in his heart, Pi.P.4.122 ; χρονίζειν π. Αἴγυπτον Hdt.3.61, cf. 7.131; εὕροι ἄν τις [βασιλείας] π. τοὺς βαρβάρους Pl.R.544d, etc.; οἱ π. Φωκίδα τόποι Plb.5.24.12, etc.    5 about, in the case of, τὰ π. τὴν Αἴγυπτον γεγονότα, τὰ π. Μίλητον γενόμενα, Hdt.3.13, 6.26 ; εὐσεβεῖν π. θεούς Pl.Smp.193a ; ἀσεβεῖν π. ξένους X.Cyr.5.2.10 ; ἁμαρτάνειν π. τινάς Id.An.3.2.20; ἀνήρ ἐστιν ἀγαθὸς π. τὸν δῆμον τὸν Ἀθηναίων IG12.59.10 ; ἄνδρ' ἀγαθὸν ὄντα Μαραθῶνι π. τὴν πόλιν Ar.Ach.696 ; τοιαύτην γνώμην ἔχειν π. τὸν πατέρα Lys.10.21 ; οὐδεμία συμφορὴ . . ἔσται . . π. οἶκον τὸν σόν Hdt.8.102 ; ποιέειν or πράττειν τι π. τινά, Id.1.158, Pl.Grg. 507a; τὰ π. Πρηξάσπεα πρηχθέντα Hdt.3.76 ; καινοτομεῖν π. τὰ θεῖα Pl. Euthphr.3b ; π. θεοὺς μὴ σωφρονεῖν X.Mem.1.1.20 ; σπουδάζειν π. τινά promote his cause, Isoc.1.10: without a Verb, αἱ π. τοὺς παῖδας συμφοραί X.Cyr.7.2.20; ἡ π. αὑτὸν ἐπιμέλεια Isoc.9.2; ἡ π. ἡμᾶς ἡνιόχησις Pl.Phdr.246b: generally, of all relations, about, concerning, in respect of, π. μὲν τοὺς ἰχθύας οὕτως ἔχει Hdt.2.93, cf. 8.86; πονηρὸν π. τὸ σῶμα Pl.Prt.313d; ἀκόλαστος π. ταῦτα Aeschin.1.42 ; γελοῖος π. τὰς διατριβάς ib.126 ; ξυνηνέχθη θόρυβος π. τὸν Ἀστύοχον Th.8.84; as to (cf. A. 11.5), π. τὸ παρὸν πάθος Pl.Tht.179c, cf. Phd.65a : freq. in place of an Adj., ὄργανα ὅσα π. γεωργίαν, i.e. γεωργικά, Id.R.370d ; οἱ νόμοι οἱ π. τοὺς γάμους Id.Cri.50d ; αἱ π. τὰ μαθήματα ἡδοναί Id.Phlb.51e ; also in place of a gen., οἱ π. Αυσίαν λόγοι the speeches of L., Id.Phdr.279a; ἡ π. Φίλιππον τυραννίς the despotism of P., X.HG5.4.2 ; ἀκρασίας τῆς π. τὸν θυμόν Arist.EN1149b19 : in Prose, to denote circumstances connected with any person or thing, τὰ π. Κῦρον, τὰ π. Ἑλένην, τὰ π. Βάττον, Hdt.1.95, 2.113, 4.154 ; τὰ π. τὸν Ἄθων the works at Mount Athos, Id.7.37; τὰ π. τὰς ναῦς naval affairs, Th.1.13; τὰ π. τὴν ναυμαχίαν (v.l. for τῆς ναυμαχίας) the events of... Id.8.63; τὰ π. τὸν πόλεμον Pl.R.468a; τὰ π. τὸ σῶμα Id.Phdr.246d; τὰ π. τοὺς θεούς X.Cyr.8.1.23, etc.; cf. ἀμφί c.1.4.    II of Time, π. λύχνων ἁφάς about the time of lamp-lighting, Hdt.7.215; π. μέσας νύκτας about midnight, X.An.1.7.1; π. πλήθουσαν ἀγοράν ib.2.1.7; π. ἡλίου δυσμάς ib.6.5.32 ; π. τούτους τοὺς χρόνους Th.3.89, etc.    2 of round numbers, π. ἑβδομήκοντα about seventy, Id.1.54; π. ἑπτακοσίους X.HG2.4.5, etc.    D Position: π. may follow its Subst., when it suffers anastrophe, ἄστυ πέρι Il.22.173; ἔριδος πέρι 16.476: most freq. with gen., τοῦδε πράγματος πέρι A.Eu.630; τῶνδε βουλεύειν πέρι Id.Th. 248, etc. (S. only once uses it before its gen., Aj.150 (anap.)): in Prose, σφέων αὐτῶν πέρι Hdt.8.36; σοφίας πέρι Pl.Phlb.49a; δικαίων τε πέρι καὶ ἀδίκων Id.Grg.455a, etc.; γραμμάτων εἴπομεν ὡς οὐχ ἱκανῶς ἔχεις πέρι Id.Lg.809e, cf. Ap.19c.    E περί abs., as ADV., around, about, also, near, by, freq. in Hom., γέλασσε δὲ πᾶσα π. χθών Il.19.362, al.: strengthd., περί τ' ἀμφί τε κάλλος ἄητο round about, h.Cer.276, cf. Call.Hec.1.1.13.    II before or above others (cf. A. 111), exceedingly, only Ep., in which case it commonly suffers anastrophe, Τυδεΐδη, πέρι μέν σε τίον Δαναοί Il.8.161, cf. 9.53; σε χρὴ πέρι μὲν φάσθαι ἔπος ἠδ' ἐπακοῦσαι ib.100; τοι πέρι δῶκε θεὸς πολεμήϊα ἔργα 13.727; ἅ οἱ πέρι δῶκεν Ἀθήνη Od.2.116, cf. 7.110; πέρι γάρ μιν ὀϊζυρὸν τέκε μήτηρ 3.95; πέρι κέρδεα οἶδεν 2.88; τὸν πέρι Μοῦσ' ἐφίλησεν 8.63.    2 π. does not suffer anastrophe in the Ep. phrase π. κῆρι right heartily, π. κῆρι φίλησε Il.13.430, etc. (κῆρι φιλεῖν alone, 9.117); ἀπέχθωνται π. κῆρι 4.53; π. κῆρι τιέσκετο ib.46, cf. Od.5.36, 7.69; π. κῆρι . . ἐχολώθη Il.13.206; also π. φρεσὶν ἄσπετος ἀλκή 16.157; π. φρεσὶν αἴσιμα ᾔδη Od.14.433; ἀλύσσοντες π. θυμῷ Il.22.70, cf. Od.14.146; π. σθένεϊ Il.17.22.    3 for περὶ πρό, v. περιπρό.    4 περὶ κάτω bottom upwards, δῖνος π. κάτω τετραμμένος Stratt.34, cf. Phot.; τὴν κόγχην στρέψας π. τὰ κάτω Ael.NA9.34.    F IN COMPOS. all its chief senses recur, esp.    I extension in all directions as from a centre, all round, as in περιβάλλω, περιβλέπω, περιέχω.    II completion of an orbit and return to the same point, about, as in περιάγω, περιβαίνω, περίειμι (εἶμι ibo), περιέρχομαι, περιστρέφω.    III a going over or beyond, above, before, as in περιβαίνω III, περιβάλλω v, περιγίγνομαι, περιεργάζομαι, περιτοξεύω.    IV generally, a strengthening of the simple notion, beyond measure, very, exceedingly, as in περικαλλής, περίκηλος, περιδείδω, like Lat. per-.    V the notion of double-ness which belongs to ἀμφί is found in only one poetic compd., περιδέξιος (q.v.).    G PROSODY: περί never suffers elision in Il. or Od. (περ' ἰγνύσι h.Merc.152); once in Hes., περίαχε Th.678 (cf. Q.S.3.601, 11.382), v. ἰάχω fin.; περ' ἰγνύῃσι Theoc.25.242 ; περ' Ἠδάλιον Inscr.Cypr. 135.27 H.; also in Pi., περάπτων P.3.52 ; περόδοις N.11.40; περιδαῖος Fr.154 ; περ' αὐτᾶς P.4.265 ; ταύτας περ' ἀτλάτου πάθας O.6.38 : not in Trag. (περεβάλοντο, περεσκήνωσεν are ff. ll. in A.Ag.1147, Eu.634); in Com. and codd. of Prose writers only in part. of περίειμι (εἶμι ibo) (q. v.):—π. stands before a word beginning with a vowel in Com., περὶ Ἀθηνῶν, περὶ ἐμοῦ, Ar.Eq.1005 sq.:—Aeol. περρ metri gr., v. A. 5.

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German (Pape)

[Seite 564] um, herum, A. Adverbium; περί τ' ἀμφί τε, rings umher, H. h. Cer. 277; oft in tmesi, wie man Stellen erklärt wie περὶ δ' αὐλὴ ὑψηλὴ δέδμητο, ringsum, Od. 9, 184, περὶ χεῖρε βαλοῦσα Aesch. Ag. 1540, wo aber die Präposition genauer als für sich stehendes Adverb betrachtet wird. – Bes. hat περὶ oft die Bdtg des Darüberhinausgehens (ὑπὲρ τὸ τῆς φύσεως μέτρον, περισσῶς erklären die Scholl. gewöhnlich), des Vorzüglichen, und bezeichnet einen hohen Grad, ist also durch sehr, gar sehr zu übersetzen, in welchem Falle mit zurückgezogenem Tone πέρι geschrieben wird, πέρι μέν σε τίον Δαναοί, sie ebrten dich ausgezeichnet, Il. 8, 161 (an welcher Stelle Spitzner u. Bekker περί schreiben, wie Il. 11, 557 auch Wolf περὶ γὰρ δίε νηυσὶν Ἀχαιῶν hat; Od. 14, 433 περὶ γὰρ φρεσὶν αἴσιμα ᾔδη; in welchen Stellen aber auch die Erkl. des περί als adv. vorzuziehen ist, wie auch 2, 88, ἥ τοι πέρι κέρδεα οἶδεν); τῷ σε χρὴ πέρι μὲν φάσθαι ἔπος ἠδ' ἐπακοῦσαι, Il. 9, 100, dir ziemt es vor Allen; πέρι μὲν πολέμῳ ἔνι καρτερός ἐσσι, ib. 53; τὸ δὴ πέρι θαῦμα τέτυκτο, 18, 549; περι δ' ἱρὰ θεοῖσιν ἀθανάτοισιν ἔδωκε, Od. 1, 66, vgl. 4, 722; τὸν πέρι Μοῦσ' ἐφίλησε, 8, 63, u. oft; – πέρι κῆρι, gar sehr von Herzen, recht herzlich, z. B. τάων μοι πέρι κῆρι τιέσκετο Ἴλιος ἱρή, Il. 4, 46, wo Spitzner u. Bekker wieder nach der Tradition der Alten περί schreiben; vgl. 4, 53. 13, 119. 206. 430. 24, 61. 423. 435 Od. 5, 36 (zu welcher Stelle Nitzsch zu vgl.). 6, 158. 7, 69. 15, 245. 19, 280. 23, 339; eben so πέρι θυμῷ, Il. 22, 70 (Spitzner u. Bekker περί) Od. 14, 146; u. so faßte Wolf auch Il. 17, 22, θυμὸς ἐνὶ στήθεσσι πέρι σθένεϊ βλεμεαίνει, weil sonst σθένεϊ βλεμεαίνει eine geläufige Vrbdg ist, Spitzner aber u. Bekker haben wieder περί als Präposition (s. B. 2); – περὶ πρό wird richtiger als ein Wort geschrieben (s. unten), od. müßte wenigstens πέρι πρό geschrieben werden. – Steht in dem Satze εἶναι, so zieht man περί dazu und nimmt eine tmesis an (vgl. περιεῖναι); folgt ein gen., so wird es ebenfalls richtiger als Präposition betrachtet (s. B. 1).

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