κεφαλή: Difference between revisions
οὐ παντὸς ἀνδρὸς ἐς Κόρινθον ἔσθ' ὁ πλοῦς → it's not for every man to make a journey to Corinth, not everyone can afford a trip to Corinth
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|Definition=ἡ, <span class="sense"><p> <span class="bld">A</span> <b class="b2">head</b> of man or beast, Hom. (v.infr.), <span class="bibl">Alc.15</span>, etc.; once in <span class="bibl">A., <span class="title">Th.</span>525</span> (lyr.), once in <span class="bibl">S., <span class="title">Aj.</span>238</span> (anap.), also in <span class="bibl">E., <span class="title">Fr.</span>308</span> (anap.), <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Rh.</span>226</span> (lyr.), al.; ἄλλου οὐδενὸς ἐμψύχου κ. γεύσεται Αἰγυπτίων οὐδείς <span class="bibl">Hdt.2.39</span>; <b class="b3">κεφαλῇ . . μείζονες</b> taller <b class="b2">in stature</b>, <span class="bibl">Il.3.168</span>; so <b class="b3">μείων . . κεφαλήν</b> ib.<span class="bibl">193</span> Aristarch.: freq. with Preps., </span><span class="sense"> <span class="bld">a</span> <b class="b3">κατὰ κεφαλῆς</b>, Ep. <b class="b3">κὰκ κεφαλῆς</b>, <b class="b2">down over the head</b>, κόνιν . . χεύατο κὰκ κεφαλῆς <span class="bibl">Il.18.24</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">Od.8.85</span>, etc. </span><span class="sense"> <span class="bld">b</span> <b class="b3">κατὰ κεφαλήν</b>, Ep. <b class="b3">κὰκ κεφαλήν</b> <b class="b2">on the head</b>, Ἐρύλαον . . βάλε πέτρῳ μέσσην κὰκ κεφαλήν <span class="bibl">Il.16.412</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">20.387</span>, <span class="bibl">475</span>: in Prose, <b class="b2">from above</b>, <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">HG</span>7.2.8</span>: c.gen., <b class="b2">above</b>, <b class="b3">κ. κ. τινῶν γενέσθαι</b> ib.<span class="bibl">7.2.11</span>; <b class="b3">τὸ κ. κ. ὕδωρ</b>, of rain water, <span class="bibl">Thphr. <span class="title">HP</span>4.10.7</span> (-ὴν codd.), <span class="bibl"><span class="title">CP</span>6.18.10</span> (-ῆς): in Archit., <b class="b2">upright</b>, IG22.463.42; also, <b class="b2">per head, each person</b> (cf. infr. 1.2), <span class="bibl">Arist.<span class="title">Pol.</span>1272a14</span>, <span class="bibl">LXX <span class="title">Ex.</span>16.16</span>; κατὰ κεφαλὴν τῶν κωμητῶν <span class="bibl"><span class="title">PPetr.</span>2p.17</span> (iii B. C.). </span><span class="sense"> <span class="bld">c</span> <b class="b3">ἐς πόδας ἐκ κεφαλῆς</b> from <b class="b2">head</b> to foot, <span class="bibl">Il.23.169</span>; τὰ πράγματα ἐκ τῶν ποδῶν ἐς τὴν κ. σοι πάντ' ἐρῶ <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Pl.</span>650</span>. </span><span class="sense"> <span class="bld">d</span> <b class="b3">ἐπὶ κεφαλήν</b> <b class="b2">head foremost</b>, <b class="b3">ἐπὶ κ. κατορύξαι</b> to bury <b class="b2">head downwards</b>, <span class="bibl">Hdt.3.35</span>; <b class="b3">ἐπὶ κ. ὠθέεσθαι</b> to be thrust <b class="b2">headlong</b>, <span class="bibl">Id.7.136</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">Hyp.<span class="title">Fr.</span>251</span>; ἐπὶ κ. ὠθεῖν τινα ἐκ τοῦ θρόνου <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">R.</span>553b</span>; ἐπὶ τὴν κ. εἰς κόρακας ὦσον <span class="bibl">Men.<span class="title">Sam.</span> 138</span>; εὐθὺς ἐπὶ κ. εἰς τὸ δικαστήριον βαδίζειν <span class="bibl">D.42.12</span>; <b class="b3">οὐ βουλόμενος πολίτας ἄνδρας ἐπὶ κ. εἰσπράττειν τὸν μισθόν</b> <b class="b2">recklessly</b>, <span class="bibl">Hyp.<span class="title">Lyc.</span>17</span>; <b class="b3">ἐπὶ ταῖς κεφαλαῖς περιφέρειν</b> carry <b class="b2">on high</b>, in token of admiration, <span class="bibl">Pl. <span class="title">R.</span>600d</span>. </span><span class="sense"> <span class="bld">2</span> as the noblest part, periphr. for the whole person, πολλὰς ἰφθίμους κ. <span class="bibl">Il.11.55</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">Od.1.343</span>, etc.; <b class="b3">ἶσον ἐμῇ κ</b>. no less than my<b class="b2">self</b>, <span class="bibl">Il.18.82</span>; ἑᾷ κ. <span class="bibl">Pi.<span class="title">O.</span>7.67</span>; esp. in salutation, φίλη κ. <span class="bibl">Il.8.281</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">18.114</span>; ἠθείη κ. <span class="bibl">23.94</span>; Ἄπολλον, ὦ δία κ. <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Rh.</span>226</span> (lyr.): in Prose, Φαῖδρε, φίλη κ. <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Phdr.</span>264a</span>; τῆς θείας κ. <span class="bibl">Jul.<span class="title">Or.</span> 7.212a</span>: in bad sense, ὦ κακαὶ κεφαλαί <span class="bibl">Hdt.3.29</span>; ὦ μιαρὰ κ. <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Ach.</span> 285</span>: periphr. in Prose, πεντακοσίας κεφαλὰς τῶν Ξέρξεω πολεμίων <span class="bibl">Hdt.9.99</span>: in bad sense, ἡ μιαρὰ καὶ ἀναιδὴς αὕτη κ. <span class="bibl">D.21.117</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">18.153</span>; ἡ κ. τῶν αὐτοῦ <span class="bibl"><span class="title">PRein.</span>57.8</span> (iv A.D.); <b class="b3">μεγάλη κ</b>. a great <b class="b2">personage</b>, Vett. Val.<span class="bibl">74.7</span>; cf. supr. <span class="bibl">1</span> b fin. </span><span class="sense"> <span class="bld">3</span> <b class="b2">life</b>, ἐμῇ κ. περιδείδια <span class="bibl">Il.17.242</span>; σύν τε μεγάλῳ ἀπέτεισαν, σὺν σφῇσιν κεφαλῇσι <span class="bibl">4.162</span>; <b class="b3">παρθέμενοι κεφαλάς</b> staking <b class="b2">their heads</b> on the cast, <span class="bibl">Od.2.237</span>; <b class="b3">τὴν κ</b>. ἀποβαλέεις <span class="bibl">Hdt.8.65</span>. </span><span class="sense"> <span class="bld">4</span> in imprecations, <b class="b3">ἐς κεφαλὴν τράποιτ' ἐμοί</b> on my <b class="b2">head</b> be it! <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Ach.</span>833</span>; ἐς τὴν κ. ἅπαντα τὴν σὴν τρέψεται <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Nu.</span>40</span>; ἃ σοὶ καὶ τοῖς σοῖς οἱ θεοὶ τρέψειαν εἰς κ. <span class="bibl">D.18.290</span>; <b class="b3">ἐς κ. σοί</b> (sc. <b class="b3">τράποιτο</b>) <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Pax</span>1063</span>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Pl.</span>526</span>; σοὶ εἰς κ. <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Euthd.</span>283e</span>; τὰ μὲν πρότερον . . ἐγὼ κεφαλῇ ἀναμάξας φέρω <span class="bibl">Hdt.1.155</span>; οἷς ἂν . . τὴν αἰτίαν ἐπὶ τὴν κ. ἀναθεῖεν <span class="bibl">D.18.294</span>; τὸ αἷμα ὑμῶν ἐπὶ τὴν κ. ὑμῶν <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Act.Ap.</span> 18.6</span>. </span><span class="sense"> <span class="bld">II</span> of things, <b class="b2">extremity</b>, </span><span class="sense"> <span class="bld">a</span> in Botany, <b class="b3">κ. σκορόδου</b> <b class="b2">head</b> ( = <b class="b2">inflorescence</b>) of garlic, <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Pl.</span>718</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">Plb.12.6.4</span>; κ. μήκωνος <span class="bibl">Thphr.<span class="title">HP</span>9.8.2</span>; <b class="b3">ῥίζα κ. ἔχουσα πλείονας</b> <b class="b2">tubers</b>, Dsc.3.120. </span><span class="sense"> <span class="bld">b</span> in Anatomy, <b class="b3">κεφαλαὶ τῆς κάτω γνάθου</b>, prob. the condyloid and coronoid processes, <span class="bibl">Hp.<span class="title">Art.</span>30</span>; <b class="b3">ἡ κ. τοῦ ὄρχεως</b>, = [[ἐπιδιδυμίς]], <span class="bibl">Arist.<span class="title">HA</span>510a14</span>, cf. Gal.4.565; <b class="b3">μηροῦ, κνήμης κ</b>., <span class="bibl">Poll.2.186</span>, <span class="bibl">188</span>; of the <b class="b2">base</b> of the heart, <span class="bibl">Gal.<span class="title">UP</span>6.16</span>; but, <b class="b2">apex</b>, <span class="bibl">Hp.<span class="title">Cord.</span>7</span>; of the <b class="b2">sac</b> in poulps, <span class="bibl">Arist.<span class="title">PA</span>654a23</span>, <span class="bibl">685a5</span>; of muscles, <b class="b2">origin</b>, <span class="bibl">Gal.<span class="title">UP</span>7.14</span>. </span><span class="sense"> <span class="bld">c</span> generally, <b class="b2">top, brim</b> of a vessel, <span class="bibl">Theoc.8.87</span>; <b class="b2">coping</b> of a wall, <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">Cyr.</span>3.3.68</span>; <b class="b2">capital</b> of a column, <span class="title">CIG</span>2782.31 (Aphrodisias), <span class="bibl">LXX <span class="title">3 Ki.</span>7.16</span>, <span class="bibl">Poll.7.121</span>. </span><span class="sense"> <span class="bld">d</span> in pl., <b class="b2">source</b> of a river, <span class="bibl">Hdt.4.91</span> (butsg., <b class="b2">mouth</b>, οἶδα Γέλα ποταμοῦ κεφαλῇ ἐπικείμενον ἄστυ Call.<span class="title">Aet.Oxy.</span>2080.48): generally, <b class="b2">source, origin</b>, <b class="b3">Ζεὺς κ</b>. (v.l. [[ἀρχή]]) <b class="b3">, Ζεὺς μέσσα, Διὸς δ' ἒκ πάντα τελεῖται τέτυκται</b> codd.) <span class="bibl">Orph.<span class="title">Fr.</span>21a</span>; <b class="b2">starting-point</b>, κ. χρόνου <span class="title">Placit.</span> 2.32.2 (<b class="b3">κρόνου</b> codd.), <span class="bibl">Lyd.<span class="title">Mens.</span>3.4</span>; <b class="b3">κ. μηνός</b> ib.<span class="bibl">12</span>. </span><span class="sense"> <span class="bld">e</span> <b class="b2">extremity</b> of a plot of land, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">PPetr.</span>3p.72</span> (iii B.C.), <span class="bibl"><span class="title">PFlor.</span>50.83</span> (iii A.D.). </span><span class="sense"> <span class="bld">III</span> <b class="b3">Ὁμηρείη κ</b>. <b class="b2">bust</b> of Homer, <span class="title">IG</span>14.1183.10. </span><span class="sense"> <span class="bld">IV</span> <b class="b3">κ. περίθετος</b> <b class="b2">wig, head-dress</b>, <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Th.</span>258</span>. </span><span class="sense"> <span class="bld">V</span> metaph., <b class="b3">κ. δείπνου</b> <b class="b2">pièce de résistance</b>, <span class="bibl">Alex. 172.15</span>. </span><span class="sense"> <span class="bld">2</span> <b class="b2">crown, completion</b>, κεφαλὴν ἐπιθεῖναι <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Ti.</span>69b</span>; ὥσπερ κ. ἀποδοῦναι τοῖς εἰρημένοις <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Phlb.</span>66d</span>, cf. <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Grg.</span>505d</span>; ὥσπερ κεφαλὴν ἔχουσα ἐπιστήμη <span class="bibl">Arist.<span class="title">EN</span>1141a19</span>; <b class="b2">consummation</b>, σχεῖν κ. <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Ti.</span>39d</span>. </span><span class="sense"> <span class="bld">3</span> <b class="b2">sum, total</b>, πάσας ἐρρηγείας <span class="title">Tab.Heracl.</span>1.36; of money, <span class="title">IG</span>12(9).7 (Carystus, iv B. C.), <span class="title">SIG</span>245ii 36 (Delph., iv B. C.). </span><span class="sense"> <span class="bld">4</span> <b class="b2">band</b> of men, <span class="bibl">LXX <span class="title">Jb.</span>1.17</span>; <b class="b2">right-hand half</b> of a phalanx (opp. <b class="b3">οὐρά</b>), <span class="bibl">Arr.<span class="title">Tact.</span>8.3</span>, <span class="bibl">Ael.<span class="title">Tact.</span>7.3</span>. </span><span class="sense"> <span class="bld">5</span> Astron., <b class="b3">κ. τοῦ κόσμου</b>, of Aries, <span class="bibl">Heph.Astr.1.1</span>. (<b class="b2">ghebh</b>-, cf. [[κεβλή]] and Engl. <b class="b2">gable</b>.) </span> | |Definition=ἡ, <span class="sense"><p> <span class="bld">A</span> <b class="b2">head</b> of man or beast, Hom. (v.infr.), <span class="bibl">Alc.15</span>, etc.; once in <span class="bibl">A., <span class="title">Th.</span>525</span> (lyr.), once in <span class="bibl">S., <span class="title">Aj.</span>238</span> (anap.), also in <span class="bibl">E., <span class="title">Fr.</span>308</span> (anap.), <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Rh.</span>226</span> (lyr.), al.; ἄλλου οὐδενὸς ἐμψύχου κ. γεύσεται Αἰγυπτίων οὐδείς <span class="bibl">Hdt.2.39</span>; <b class="b3">κεφαλῇ . . μείζονες</b> taller <b class="b2">in stature</b>, <span class="bibl">Il.3.168</span>; so <b class="b3">μείων . . κεφαλήν</b> ib.<span class="bibl">193</span> Aristarch.: freq. with Preps., </span><span class="sense"> <span class="bld">a</span> <b class="b3">κατὰ κεφαλῆς</b>, Ep. <b class="b3">κὰκ κεφαλῆς</b>, <b class="b2">down over the head</b>, κόνιν . . χεύατο κὰκ κεφαλῆς <span class="bibl">Il.18.24</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">Od.8.85</span>, etc. </span><span class="sense"> <span class="bld">b</span> <b class="b3">κατὰ κεφαλήν</b>, Ep. <b class="b3">κὰκ κεφαλήν</b> <b class="b2">on the head</b>, Ἐρύλαον . . βάλε πέτρῳ μέσσην κὰκ κεφαλήν <span class="bibl">Il.16.412</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">20.387</span>, <span class="bibl">475</span>: in Prose, <b class="b2">from above</b>, <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">HG</span>7.2.8</span>: c.gen., <b class="b2">above</b>, <b class="b3">κ. κ. τινῶν γενέσθαι</b> ib.<span class="bibl">7.2.11</span>; <b class="b3">τὸ κ. κ. ὕδωρ</b>, of rain water, <span class="bibl">Thphr. <span class="title">HP</span>4.10.7</span> (-ὴν codd.), <span class="bibl"><span class="title">CP</span>6.18.10</span> (-ῆς): in Archit., <b class="b2">upright</b>, IG22.463.42; also, <b class="b2">per head, each person</b> (cf. infr. 1.2), <span class="bibl">Arist.<span class="title">Pol.</span>1272a14</span>, <span class="bibl">LXX <span class="title">Ex.</span>16.16</span>; κατὰ κεφαλὴν τῶν κωμητῶν <span class="bibl"><span class="title">PPetr.</span>2p.17</span> (iii B. C.). </span><span class="sense"> <span class="bld">c</span> <b class="b3">ἐς πόδας ἐκ κεφαλῆς</b> from <b class="b2">head</b> to foot, <span class="bibl">Il.23.169</span>; τὰ πράγματα ἐκ τῶν ποδῶν ἐς τὴν κ. σοι πάντ' ἐρῶ <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Pl.</span>650</span>. </span><span class="sense"> <span class="bld">d</span> <b class="b3">ἐπὶ κεφαλήν</b> <b class="b2">head foremost</b>, <b class="b3">ἐπὶ κ. κατορύξαι</b> to bury <b class="b2">head downwards</b>, <span class="bibl">Hdt.3.35</span>; <b class="b3">ἐπὶ κ. ὠθέεσθαι</b> to be thrust <b class="b2">headlong</b>, <span class="bibl">Id.7.136</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">Hyp.<span class="title">Fr.</span>251</span>; ἐπὶ κ. ὠθεῖν τινα ἐκ τοῦ θρόνου <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">R.</span>553b</span>; ἐπὶ τὴν κ. εἰς κόρακας ὦσον <span class="bibl">Men.<span class="title">Sam.</span> 138</span>; εὐθὺς ἐπὶ κ. εἰς τὸ δικαστήριον βαδίζειν <span class="bibl">D.42.12</span>; <b class="b3">οὐ βουλόμενος πολίτας ἄνδρας ἐπὶ κ. εἰσπράττειν τὸν μισθόν</b> <b class="b2">recklessly</b>, <span class="bibl">Hyp.<span class="title">Lyc.</span>17</span>; <b class="b3">ἐπὶ ταῖς κεφαλαῖς περιφέρειν</b> carry <b class="b2">on high</b>, in token of admiration, <span class="bibl">Pl. <span class="title">R.</span>600d</span>. </span><span class="sense"> <span class="bld">2</span> as the noblest part, periphr. for the whole person, πολλὰς ἰφθίμους κ. <span class="bibl">Il.11.55</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">Od.1.343</span>, etc.; <b class="b3">ἶσον ἐμῇ κ</b>. no less than my<b class="b2">self</b>, <span class="bibl">Il.18.82</span>; ἑᾷ κ. <span class="bibl">Pi.<span class="title">O.</span>7.67</span>; esp. in salutation, φίλη κ. <span class="bibl">Il.8.281</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">18.114</span>; ἠθείη κ. <span class="bibl">23.94</span>; Ἄπολλον, ὦ δία κ. <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Rh.</span>226</span> (lyr.): in Prose, Φαῖδρε, φίλη κ. <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Phdr.</span>264a</span>; τῆς θείας κ. <span class="bibl">Jul.<span class="title">Or.</span> 7.212a</span>: in bad sense, ὦ κακαὶ κεφαλαί <span class="bibl">Hdt.3.29</span>; ὦ μιαρὰ κ. <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Ach.</span> 285</span>: periphr. in Prose, πεντακοσίας κεφαλὰς τῶν Ξέρξεω πολεμίων <span class="bibl">Hdt.9.99</span>: in bad sense, ἡ μιαρὰ καὶ ἀναιδὴς αὕτη κ. <span class="bibl">D.21.117</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">18.153</span>; ἡ κ. τῶν αὐτοῦ <span class="bibl"><span class="title">PRein.</span>57.8</span> (iv A.D.); <b class="b3">μεγάλη κ</b>. a great <b class="b2">personage</b>, Vett. Val.<span class="bibl">74.7</span>; cf. supr. <span class="bibl">1</span> b fin. </span><span class="sense"> <span class="bld">3</span> <b class="b2">life</b>, ἐμῇ κ. περιδείδια <span class="bibl">Il.17.242</span>; σύν τε μεγάλῳ ἀπέτεισαν, σὺν σφῇσιν κεφαλῇσι <span class="bibl">4.162</span>; <b class="b3">παρθέμενοι κεφαλάς</b> staking <b class="b2">their heads</b> on the cast, <span class="bibl">Od.2.237</span>; <b class="b3">τὴν κ</b>. ἀποβαλέεις <span class="bibl">Hdt.8.65</span>. </span><span class="sense"> <span class="bld">4</span> in imprecations, <b class="b3">ἐς κεφαλὴν τράποιτ' ἐμοί</b> on my <b class="b2">head</b> be it! <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Ach.</span>833</span>; ἐς τὴν κ. ἅπαντα τὴν σὴν τρέψεται <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Nu.</span>40</span>; ἃ σοὶ καὶ τοῖς σοῖς οἱ θεοὶ τρέψειαν εἰς κ. <span class="bibl">D.18.290</span>; <b class="b3">ἐς κ. σοί</b> (sc. <b class="b3">τράποιτο</b>) <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Pax</span>1063</span>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Pl.</span>526</span>; σοὶ εἰς κ. <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Euthd.</span>283e</span>; τὰ μὲν πρότερον . . ἐγὼ κεφαλῇ ἀναμάξας φέρω <span class="bibl">Hdt.1.155</span>; οἷς ἂν . . τὴν αἰτίαν ἐπὶ τὴν κ. ἀναθεῖεν <span class="bibl">D.18.294</span>; τὸ αἷμα ὑμῶν ἐπὶ τὴν κ. ὑμῶν <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Act.Ap.</span> 18.6</span>. </span><span class="sense"> <span class="bld">II</span> of things, <b class="b2">extremity</b>, </span><span class="sense"> <span class="bld">a</span> in Botany, <b class="b3">κ. σκορόδου</b> <b class="b2">head</b> ( = <b class="b2">inflorescence</b>) of garlic, <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Pl.</span>718</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">Plb.12.6.4</span>; κ. μήκωνος <span class="bibl">Thphr.<span class="title">HP</span>9.8.2</span>; <b class="b3">ῥίζα κ. ἔχουσα πλείονας</b> <b class="b2">tubers</b>, Dsc.3.120. </span><span class="sense"> <span class="bld">b</span> in Anatomy, <b class="b3">κεφαλαὶ τῆς κάτω γνάθου</b>, prob. the condyloid and coronoid processes, <span class="bibl">Hp.<span class="title">Art.</span>30</span>; <b class="b3">ἡ κ. τοῦ ὄρχεως</b>, = [[ἐπιδιδυμίς]], <span class="bibl">Arist.<span class="title">HA</span>510a14</span>, cf. Gal.4.565; <b class="b3">μηροῦ, κνήμης κ</b>., <span class="bibl">Poll.2.186</span>, <span class="bibl">188</span>; of the <b class="b2">base</b> of the heart, <span class="bibl">Gal.<span class="title">UP</span>6.16</span>; but, <b class="b2">apex</b>, <span class="bibl">Hp.<span class="title">Cord.</span>7</span>; of the <b class="b2">sac</b> in poulps, <span class="bibl">Arist.<span class="title">PA</span>654a23</span>, <span class="bibl">685a5</span>; of muscles, <b class="b2">origin</b>, <span class="bibl">Gal.<span class="title">UP</span>7.14</span>. </span><span class="sense"> <span class="bld">c</span> generally, <b class="b2">top, brim</b> of a vessel, <span class="bibl">Theoc.8.87</span>; <b class="b2">coping</b> of a wall, <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">Cyr.</span>3.3.68</span>; <b class="b2">capital</b> of a column, <span class="title">CIG</span>2782.31 (Aphrodisias), <span class="bibl">LXX <span class="title">3 Ki.</span>7.16</span>, <span class="bibl">Poll.7.121</span>. </span><span class="sense"> <span class="bld">d</span> in pl., <b class="b2">source</b> of a river, <span class="bibl">Hdt.4.91</span> (butsg., <b class="b2">mouth</b>, οἶδα Γέλα ποταμοῦ κεφαλῇ ἐπικείμενον ἄστυ Call.<span class="title">Aet.Oxy.</span>2080.48): generally, <b class="b2">source, origin</b>, <b class="b3">Ζεὺς κ</b>. (v.l. [[ἀρχή]]) <b class="b3">, Ζεὺς μέσσα, Διὸς δ' ἒκ πάντα τελεῖται τέτυκται</b> codd.) <span class="bibl">Orph.<span class="title">Fr.</span>21a</span>; <b class="b2">starting-point</b>, κ. χρόνου <span class="title">Placit.</span> 2.32.2 (<b class="b3">κρόνου</b> codd.), <span class="bibl">Lyd.<span class="title">Mens.</span>3.4</span>; <b class="b3">κ. μηνός</b> ib.<span class="bibl">12</span>. </span><span class="sense"> <span class="bld">e</span> <b class="b2">extremity</b> of a plot of land, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">PPetr.</span>3p.72</span> (iii B.C.), <span class="bibl"><span class="title">PFlor.</span>50.83</span> (iii A.D.). </span><span class="sense"> <span class="bld">III</span> <b class="b3">Ὁμηρείη κ</b>. <b class="b2">bust</b> of Homer, <span class="title">IG</span>14.1183.10. </span><span class="sense"> <span class="bld">IV</span> <b class="b3">κ. περίθετος</b> <b class="b2">wig, head-dress</b>, <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Th.</span>258</span>. </span><span class="sense"> <span class="bld">V</span> metaph., <b class="b3">κ. δείπνου</b> <b class="b2">pièce de résistance</b>, <span class="bibl">Alex. 172.15</span>. </span><span class="sense"> <span class="bld">2</span> <b class="b2">crown, completion</b>, κεφαλὴν ἐπιθεῖναι <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Ti.</span>69b</span>; ὥσπερ κ. ἀποδοῦναι τοῖς εἰρημένοις <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Phlb.</span>66d</span>, cf. <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Grg.</span>505d</span>; ὥσπερ κεφαλὴν ἔχουσα ἐπιστήμη <span class="bibl">Arist.<span class="title">EN</span>1141a19</span>; <b class="b2">consummation</b>, σχεῖν κ. <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Ti.</span>39d</span>. </span><span class="sense"> <span class="bld">3</span> <b class="b2">sum, total</b>, πάσας ἐρρηγείας <span class="title">Tab.Heracl.</span>1.36; of money, <span class="title">IG</span>12(9).7 (Carystus, iv B. C.), <span class="title">SIG</span>245ii 36 (Delph., iv B. C.). </span><span class="sense"> <span class="bld">4</span> <b class="b2">band</b> of men, <span class="bibl">LXX <span class="title">Jb.</span>1.17</span>; <b class="b2">right-hand half</b> of a phalanx (opp. <b class="b3">οὐρά</b>), <span class="bibl">Arr.<span class="title">Tact.</span>8.3</span>, <span class="bibl">Ael.<span class="title">Tact.</span>7.3</span>. </span><span class="sense"> <span class="bld">5</span> Astron., <b class="b3">κ. τοῦ κόσμου</b>, of Aries, <span class="bibl">Heph.Astr.1.1</span>. (<b class="b2">ghebh</b>-, cf. [[κεβλή]] and Engl. <b class="b2">gable</b>.) </span> | ||
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|ptext=[[https://www.translatum.gr/images/pape/pape-01-1428.png Seite 1428]] ἡ (sanscr. kapâlas, lat. caput); – 1)<b class="b2"> Kopf, Haupt</b>, sowohl von Menschen als von Thieren, von Hom. an überall; ὕπερθε φοξὸς ἔην κεφαλήν Il. 2, 218; κεφαλῇ κατανεύσομαι 1, 524; ἐς πόδας ἐκ κεφαλῆς, vom Kopf bis zu den Füßen, Il. 23, 169 u. A., auch ἐκ τῶν ποδῶν ἐς τὴν κεφαλήν, Ar. Plut. 649; Aesch. hat das Wort nur Spt. 507 u. Soph. nur Ai. 238; öfter Eur., Ar., u. in Prosa gewöhnlich; ἐπὶ κεφαλήν, auf den Kopf, kopfüber, ὠθεῖν Her. 7, 136; ἐπὶ κεφαλὴν ὠθεῖ ἐκ τοῦ θρόνου Plat. Rep. VIII, 553 b; Sp., wie D. Hal. 7, 36 Luc. Tim. 44; μὴ εὐθὺς ἐπὶ κεφαλὴν πρὸς τὸ [[δικαστήριον]] βαδίζειν, Hals über Kopf, Dem. 42, 12; vgl. noch Lob. Phryn. 440. – 2) das Haupt des Menschen, als der edelste Theil, die ganze Person umschreibend; [[τίπτε]] μοι, ἠθείη [[κεφαλή]], δεῦρ' εἰλήλουθας; Il. 23, 94, theures Haupt, wie 8, 281; τοίην γὰρ κεφαλὴν [[ποθέω]] Od. 1, 343, vgl. 11, 549; ähnl. νῦν δ' εἶμ', [[ὄφρα]] φίλης κεφαλῆς ὀλετῆρα κιχείω Ἕκτορα Il. 18, 114; Ἄπολλον ὦ δία κεφαλά Eur. Rhes. 226; μιαρὰ κεφ. Ar. Ach. 285; auch in Prosa, μετὰ σοῦ τῆς θείας κεφαλῆς Plat. Phaedr. 234 d; Φαῖδρε, [[φίλη]] [[κεφαλή]] 264 a; ὦ μιαρὰ [[κεφαλή]] Dem. 21, 135, öfter; Themist.; κατὰ κεφαλήν, kopfweise, viritim, Arist. pol. 2, 10. – 3) übertr., das Leben, wie auch wir in vielen Vrbdgn »Kopf« für »Leben« sagen; ὅσσον ἐμῇ κεφαλῇ πέρι [[δείδια]] μή τι πάθῃσι Il. 17, 242; [[ἔργον]], ὃ σῇ κεφαλῇ ἀναμάξεις Od. 19, 91, du wirst es mit deinem Kopfe büßen; σύν τε μεγάλῳ ἀπέτισαν, σὺν σφῇσιν κεφαλῇσιν, büßten es mit ihren Köpfen, ihrem Leben ab, Il. 2, 161; κεφαλὰς παρθέμενοι, ihre Köpfe daran setzend, ihr Leben aufs Spiel setzend, Od. 2, 237, wofür 3, 74 ψυχάς steht; so auch Ar., ἐς κεφαλὴν τρέποιτ' [[ἐμοί]]; an den Kopf, an's Leben gehen, Ach. 833; ἃ νῦν εἰς κεφαλὴν ὑμᾶς αὐτῷ δεῖ τρέψαι Dem. 19, 130; auch ohne Verbum, σοὶ εἰς κεφαλήν, auf deinen Kopf, Plat. Euthyd. 283 e, wo der Ausdruck als ἀγροικότερον bezeichnet wird. – 4) auch von anderen Dingen das Hauptende, Kopfende; ὑπὲρ κεφαλᾶς, über den Rand des Gefäßes, Theocr. 8, 87; ὄρχεως Arist. H. A. 3, 1; oft bei Medic. ein Knochen u. dgl.; der Säulenknauf, Poll. 7, 121; – μήκωνος, Mohnkopf, Theophr.; σκορόδου, Knoblauchzwiebel, Ar. Plut. 718; Pol. 12, 6, 4; – τῆς τάφρου, vom Walle, Xen. Cyr. 3, 3, 66; – ποταμοῦ, die Quellen, Her. 4, 91. – 5) Hauptsache, Hauptsatz, Hauptergebniß, wie man es zum Schlusse einer Rede zusammenfaßt; Plat. vrbdt τελευτὴν [[ἤδη]] καὶ κεφαλὴν πειρώμεθα ἐπιθεῖναι τοῖς [[πρόσθεν]] Tim. 69 a; ὥςπερ κεφαλὴν ἀποδοῦναι τοῖς εἰρημένοις Phil. 66 d, vgl. Gorg. 505 d; Arist. Eth. 6, 7. – Später auch so = Hauptperson, Anführer. | |||
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Revision as of 19:49, 2 August 2017
English (LSJ)
ἡ,
A head of man or beast, Hom. (v.infr.), Alc.15, etc.; once in A., Th.525 (lyr.), once in S., Aj.238 (anap.), also in E., Fr.308 (anap.), Rh.226 (lyr.), al.; ἄλλου οὐδενὸς ἐμψύχου κ. γεύσεται Αἰγυπτίων οὐδείς Hdt.2.39; κεφαλῇ . . μείζονες taller in stature, Il.3.168; so μείων . . κεφαλήν ib.193 Aristarch.: freq. with Preps., a κατὰ κεφαλῆς, Ep. κὰκ κεφαλῆς, down over the head, κόνιν . . χεύατο κὰκ κεφαλῆς Il.18.24, cf. Od.8.85, etc. b κατὰ κεφαλήν, Ep. κὰκ κεφαλήν on the head, Ἐρύλαον . . βάλε πέτρῳ μέσσην κὰκ κεφαλήν Il.16.412, cf. 20.387, 475: in Prose, from above, X.HG7.2.8: c.gen., above, κ. κ. τινῶν γενέσθαι ib.7.2.11; τὸ κ. κ. ὕδωρ, of rain water, Thphr. HP4.10.7 (-ὴν codd.), CP6.18.10 (-ῆς): in Archit., upright, IG22.463.42; also, per head, each person (cf. infr. 1.2), Arist.Pol.1272a14, LXX Ex.16.16; κατὰ κεφαλὴν τῶν κωμητῶν PPetr.2p.17 (iii B. C.). c ἐς πόδας ἐκ κεφαλῆς from head to foot, Il.23.169; τὰ πράγματα ἐκ τῶν ποδῶν ἐς τὴν κ. σοι πάντ' ἐρῶ Ar.Pl.650. d ἐπὶ κεφαλήν head foremost, ἐπὶ κ. κατορύξαι to bury head downwards, Hdt.3.35; ἐπὶ κ. ὠθέεσθαι to be thrust headlong, Id.7.136, cf. Hyp.Fr.251; ἐπὶ κ. ὠθεῖν τινα ἐκ τοῦ θρόνου Pl.R.553b; ἐπὶ τὴν κ. εἰς κόρακας ὦσον Men.Sam. 138; εὐθὺς ἐπὶ κ. εἰς τὸ δικαστήριον βαδίζειν D.42.12; οὐ βουλόμενος πολίτας ἄνδρας ἐπὶ κ. εἰσπράττειν τὸν μισθόν recklessly, Hyp.Lyc.17; ἐπὶ ταῖς κεφαλαῖς περιφέρειν carry on high, in token of admiration, Pl. R.600d. 2 as the noblest part, periphr. for the whole person, πολλὰς ἰφθίμους κ. Il.11.55, cf. Od.1.343, etc.; ἶσον ἐμῇ κ. no less than myself, Il.18.82; ἑᾷ κ. Pi.O.7.67; esp. in salutation, φίλη κ. Il.8.281, cf. 18.114; ἠθείη κ. 23.94; Ἄπολλον, ὦ δία κ. E.Rh.226 (lyr.): in Prose, Φαῖδρε, φίλη κ. Pl.Phdr.264a; τῆς θείας κ. Jul.Or. 7.212a: in bad sense, ὦ κακαὶ κεφαλαί Hdt.3.29; ὦ μιαρὰ κ. Ar.Ach. 285: periphr. in Prose, πεντακοσίας κεφαλὰς τῶν Ξέρξεω πολεμίων Hdt.9.99: in bad sense, ἡ μιαρὰ καὶ ἀναιδὴς αὕτη κ. D.21.117, cf. 18.153; ἡ κ. τῶν αὐτοῦ PRein.57.8 (iv A.D.); μεγάλη κ. a great personage, Vett. Val.74.7; cf. supr. 1 b fin. 3 life, ἐμῇ κ. περιδείδια Il.17.242; σύν τε μεγάλῳ ἀπέτεισαν, σὺν σφῇσιν κεφαλῇσι 4.162; παρθέμενοι κεφαλάς staking their heads on the cast, Od.2.237; τὴν κ. ἀποβαλέεις Hdt.8.65. 4 in imprecations, ἐς κεφαλὴν τράποιτ' ἐμοί on my head be it! Ar.Ach.833; ἐς τὴν κ. ἅπαντα τὴν σὴν τρέψεται Id.Nu.40; ἃ σοὶ καὶ τοῖς σοῖς οἱ θεοὶ τρέψειαν εἰς κ. D.18.290; ἐς κ. σοί (sc. τράποιτο) Ar.Pax1063, Pl.526; σοὶ εἰς κ. Pl.Euthd.283e; τὰ μὲν πρότερον . . ἐγὼ κεφαλῇ ἀναμάξας φέρω Hdt.1.155; οἷς ἂν . . τὴν αἰτίαν ἐπὶ τὴν κ. ἀναθεῖεν D.18.294; τὸ αἷμα ὑμῶν ἐπὶ τὴν κ. ὑμῶν Act.Ap. 18.6. II of things, extremity, a in Botany, κ. σκορόδου head ( = inflorescence) of garlic, Ar.Pl.718, cf. Plb.12.6.4; κ. μήκωνος Thphr.HP9.8.2; ῥίζα κ. ἔχουσα πλείονας tubers, Dsc.3.120. b in Anatomy, κεφαλαὶ τῆς κάτω γνάθου, prob. the condyloid and coronoid processes, Hp.Art.30; ἡ κ. τοῦ ὄρχεως, = ἐπιδιδυμίς, Arist.HA510a14, cf. Gal.4.565; μηροῦ, κνήμης κ., Poll.2.186, 188; of the base of the heart, Gal.UP6.16; but, apex, Hp.Cord.7; of the sac in poulps, Arist.PA654a23, 685a5; of muscles, origin, Gal.UP7.14. c generally, top, brim of a vessel, Theoc.8.87; coping of a wall, X.Cyr.3.3.68; capital of a column, CIG2782.31 (Aphrodisias), LXX 3 Ki.7.16, Poll.7.121. d in pl., source of a river, Hdt.4.91 (butsg., mouth, οἶδα Γέλα ποταμοῦ κεφαλῇ ἐπικείμενον ἄστυ Call.Aet.Oxy.2080.48): generally, source, origin, Ζεὺς κ. (v.l. ἀρχή) , Ζεὺς μέσσα, Διὸς δ' ἒκ πάντα τελεῖται τέτυκται codd.) Orph.Fr.21a; starting-point, κ. χρόνου Placit. 2.32.2 (κρόνου codd.), Lyd.Mens.3.4; κ. μηνός ib.12. e extremity of a plot of land, PPetr.3p.72 (iii B.C.), PFlor.50.83 (iii A.D.). III Ὁμηρείη κ. bust of Homer, IG14.1183.10. IV κ. περίθετος wig, head-dress, Ar.Th.258. V metaph., κ. δείπνου pièce de résistance, Alex. 172.15. 2 crown, completion, κεφαλὴν ἐπιθεῖναι Pl.Ti.69b; ὥσπερ κ. ἀποδοῦναι τοῖς εἰρημένοις Id.Phlb.66d, cf. Grg.505d; ὥσπερ κεφαλὴν ἔχουσα ἐπιστήμη Arist.EN1141a19; consummation, σχεῖν κ. Pl.Ti.39d. 3 sum, total, πάσας ἐρρηγείας Tab.Heracl.1.36; of money, IG12(9).7 (Carystus, iv B. C.), SIG245ii 36 (Delph., iv B. C.). 4 band of men, LXX Jb.1.17; right-hand half of a phalanx (opp. οὐρά), Arr.Tact.8.3, Ael.Tact.7.3. 5 Astron., κ. τοῦ κόσμου, of Aries, Heph.Astr.1.1. (ghebh-, cf. κεβλή and Engl. gable.)
German (Pape)
[Seite 1428] ἡ (sanscr. kapâlas, lat. caput); – 1) Kopf, Haupt, sowohl von Menschen als von Thieren, von Hom. an überall; ὕπερθε φοξὸς ἔην κεφαλήν Il. 2, 218; κεφαλῇ κατανεύσομαι 1, 524; ἐς πόδας ἐκ κεφαλῆς, vom Kopf bis zu den Füßen, Il. 23, 169 u. A., auch ἐκ τῶν ποδῶν ἐς τὴν κεφαλήν, Ar. Plut. 649; Aesch. hat das Wort nur Spt. 507 u. Soph. nur Ai. 238; öfter Eur., Ar., u. in Prosa gewöhnlich; ἐπὶ κεφαλήν, auf den Kopf, kopfüber, ὠθεῖν Her. 7, 136; ἐπὶ κεφαλὴν ὠθεῖ ἐκ τοῦ θρόνου Plat. Rep. VIII, 553 b; Sp., wie D. Hal. 7, 36 Luc. Tim. 44; μὴ εὐθὺς ἐπὶ κεφαλὴν πρὸς τὸ δικαστήριον βαδίζειν, Hals über Kopf, Dem. 42, 12; vgl. noch Lob. Phryn. 440. – 2) das Haupt des Menschen, als der edelste Theil, die ganze Person umschreibend; τίπτε μοι, ἠθείη κεφαλή, δεῦρ' εἰλήλουθας; Il. 23, 94, theures Haupt, wie 8, 281; τοίην γὰρ κεφαλὴν ποθέω Od. 1, 343, vgl. 11, 549; ähnl. νῦν δ' εἶμ', ὄφρα φίλης κεφαλῆς ὀλετῆρα κιχείω Ἕκτορα Il. 18, 114; Ἄπολλον ὦ δία κεφαλά Eur. Rhes. 226; μιαρὰ κεφ. Ar. Ach. 285; auch in Prosa, μετὰ σοῦ τῆς θείας κεφαλῆς Plat. Phaedr. 234 d; Φαῖδρε, φίλη κεφαλή 264 a; ὦ μιαρὰ κεφαλή Dem. 21, 135, öfter; Themist.; κατὰ κεφαλήν, kopfweise, viritim, Arist. pol. 2, 10. – 3) übertr., das Leben, wie auch wir in vielen Vrbdgn »Kopf« für »Leben« sagen; ὅσσον ἐμῇ κεφαλῇ πέρι δείδια μή τι πάθῃσι Il. 17, 242; ἔργον, ὃ σῇ κεφαλῇ ἀναμάξεις Od. 19, 91, du wirst es mit deinem Kopfe büßen; σύν τε μεγάλῳ ἀπέτισαν, σὺν σφῇσιν κεφαλῇσιν, büßten es mit ihren Köpfen, ihrem Leben ab, Il. 2, 161; κεφαλὰς παρθέμενοι, ihre Köpfe daran setzend, ihr Leben aufs Spiel setzend, Od. 2, 237, wofür 3, 74 ψυχάς steht; so auch Ar., ἐς κεφαλὴν τρέποιτ' ἐμοί; an den Kopf, an's Leben gehen, Ach. 833; ἃ νῦν εἰς κεφαλὴν ὑμᾶς αὐτῷ δεῖ τρέψαι Dem. 19, 130; auch ohne Verbum, σοὶ εἰς κεφαλήν, auf deinen Kopf, Plat. Euthyd. 283 e, wo der Ausdruck als ἀγροικότερον bezeichnet wird. – 4) auch von anderen Dingen das Hauptende, Kopfende; ὑπὲρ κεφαλᾶς, über den Rand des Gefäßes, Theocr. 8, 87; ὄρχεως Arist. H. A. 3, 1; oft bei Medic. ein Knochen u. dgl.; der Säulenknauf, Poll. 7, 121; – μήκωνος, Mohnkopf, Theophr.; σκορόδου, Knoblauchzwiebel, Ar. Plut. 718; Pol. 12, 6, 4; – τῆς τάφρου, vom Walle, Xen. Cyr. 3, 3, 66; – ποταμοῦ, die Quellen, Her. 4, 91. – 5) Hauptsache, Hauptsatz, Hauptergebniß, wie man es zum Schlusse einer Rede zusammenfaßt; Plat. vrbdt τελευτὴν ἤδη καὶ κεφαλὴν πειρώμεθα ἐπιθεῖναι τοῖς πρόσθεν Tim. 69 a; ὥςπερ κεφαλὴν ἀποδοῦναι τοῖς εἰρημένοις Phil. 66 d, vgl. Gorg. 505 d; Arist. Eth. 6, 7. – Später auch so = Hauptperson, Anführer.
