πράσον
Ὁ δὲ μὴ δυνάμενος κοινωνεῖν ἢ μηδὲν δεόμενος δι' αὐτάρκειαν οὐθὲν μέρος πόλεως, ὥστε ἢ θηρίον ἢ θεός → Whoever is incapable of associating, or has no need to because of self-sufficiency, is no part of a state; so he is either a beast or a god
English (LSJ)
[ᾰ], τό,
A leek, Allium Porrum, Batr.54 (v. l.), Chionid.7, Ar. Ra.621, Thphr.HP7.1.2, etc.; π. κεφαλωτόν Dsc.2.149; πράσα τὰ κειρόμενα sliced leeks, Artem.1.67: prov., φύλλῳ πράσου τὸ τῶν ἐρώντων συνδέδεται βαλλάντιον Com.Adesp.197. II leek-like seaweed. Posidonia oceanica, Ligurian grass-wrack, Thphr.HP4.6.2, Plin.HN 13.135; also, riband-weed, Laminaria saccharina, Thphr.HP4.6.4. (Cf. Lat.porrum, from I.-E. prsom).
German (Pape)
[Seite 694] τό, Lauch, Kopf- u. Schnittlauch; Ar. Ran. 620; comic. bei Ath.; oft Theophr.; auch eine lauchähnliche Meerpflanze, Theophr. Aus der Umstellung entstand πάρσον, πάῤῥον, das lat, porrum.
Greek (Liddell-Scott)
πράσον: [ᾰ], τό, ὡς καὶ νῦν, Χιωνίδης ἐν «Πτωχοῖς» 4, Ἀριστοφ. ἐν Βατρ. 621, Θεοφρ. π. Φυτ. Ἱστ. 7. 4, 2, κτλ.· πρ. κεφαλωτὸν Διοσκ. 2. 179· πράσα τὰ κειρόμενα Ἀρτεμ. 4. 67. ΙΙ. θαλάσσιόν τι φυτὸν ὅμοιον πράσῳ, Θεοφρ. π. Φυτ. Ἱστ. 4. 6, 2, Πλίν. (Ἐντεῦθεν κατὰ μετάθεσιν γραμμάτων πάρσον, πάρρον, Λατ. porrum).
French (Bailly abrégé)
ου (τό) :
poireau légume.
Étymologie: cf. lat. porrum.
Greek Monotonic
πράσον: [ᾰ], τό, πράσο, Λατ. porrum, σε Αριστοφ.
Dutch (Woordenboekgrieks.nl)
πράσον -ου, τό prei (groente).
Russian (Dvoretsky)
πράσον: (ᾰ) τό бот. порей или лук-порей Batr., Arph., Arst.
Frisk Etymological English
Grammatical information: n.
Meaning: leek, Allium porrum, also of a kind of seaweed like leek (com., Thphr. ).
Compounds: Compp., e.g. πρασο-ειδής leek-like, from the colour (Hp., Arist.), θαλασσό-πρασον n. of a seaweed (Ath. Mech.).
Derivatives: 1. πράσ-ιος (Pl.), -ινος (Arist., LXX), -ιανός (M. Ant.), -ώδης (Thphr.) leek-colour, blue-green (Capelle RhM 101, 35); 2. -ῖτις f. n. of a stone, after the colour (Thphr.; Redard 59f.); 3. -ιον n. plant-name horehound, Marrubium etc. (Hp., Arist., Thphr.; Andrews ClassPhil. 56, 76); from this πρασίτης οἶνος? (v.l. in Dsc. 5, 48; Redard 98); 4. πρασιά, Ion. -ιή, mostly pl. -ιαί, f. garden-bed, prop. "leek-bed" (Od., hell.), pl. att. Demos and town in Laconia (Th.), with -ιάζομαι, -ιόομαι to be divided in beds (Aq.); Scheller Oxytonierung 67; 5. πρασίζω to be leek-coloured (Dsc.); 6. Πρασσαῖος m. nickname of a frog (Batr.; -σσ- hypocoristic; ?).
Origin: PG [a word of Pre-Greek origin]
Etymology: The traditional identification with Lat. porrum (since Fick and Curtius) would lead to IE *pr̥som; the remarkable maintenance of the -σ- reminds of δασύς (s.v. w. lit.) beside Lat. densus. For a loan from a common source (Schwyzer 58) factual considerations can be adduced; cf. Schrader-Nehring Reallex. 2, 710ff., to this Vycichl Sprache 9, 21 f. (Anatol.-Sum.[?]). Further lit. w. other hypotheses (to be rejected) in WP. 2, 84, Walde LEW2 and W. -Hofmann s. porrum. -- If the word is Pre-Greek, this may explain the -σ- (not in Furnée).
