ἐχθρός

English (LSJ)

ά, όν, (ἔχθος)

   A hated, hateful, of persons and things, freq. from Hom. downwds. (Hom. has it only in this pass. sense); ἐ. γάρ μοι κεῖνος ὁμῶς Ἀΐδαο πύλῃσι Od.14.156, Il.9.312; ἐχθρὸν δέ μοί ἐστιν c.inf., 'tis hateful to me to... Od.12.452; θεοῖσιν ἐ. Hes.Th. 766, Thgn.601, Ar.Eq.34; ὁ θεοῖσιν ἐ. Pl.Com.74, etc.; cf. θεοισεχθρός.    II Act., hating, hostile, first in Hes. and Pi. (v. infr. 111), τινι D.10.11, X.Ages.6.1, etc.: c. gen., ὕβριος ἐχθρὰν ὁδόν averse from insolence, Pi.O.7.90: abs., ἐ. γλῶσσα A.Ch.309 (anap.); ὀργαί Id.Eu.937 (anap.), etc.; ἀστέρες Vett.Val.143.5.    III as Subst., ἐχθρός, ὁ, enemy, where the act. and pass. senses freq. coincide, Hes.Op.342, Pi.P.2.84, etc.; ἀνὴρ ἐ. Hdt.1.92; ὁ Διὸς ἐ. A.Pr.120 (anap.); ἐχθροῖς ἐχθρὰ πορσύνων Id.Ag.1374; εἴ . . τινα ἴδοι ἐχθρὸν ἑαυτοῦ Th.4.47; οἱ ἐμοὶ ἐ. Id.6.89, etc.—Acc. to Ammon.Diff.p.63 V., ἐχθρός is one who has been φίλος, but is alienated; πολέμιος one who is at war; δυσμενής one who has long been alienated and refuses to be reconciled.    IV regul. Comp. ἐχθρότερος D.Prooem.40.3, AP5.160 (Hedyl. or Asclep.); Sup. -ότατος Pi.N.1.65, S.OT1346 (lyr.), D.19.300: but more freq. irreg. ἐχθίων, ἔχθιστος (qq.v.).    V Adv. ἐχθρῶς, μισοῦντες Pl.Lg.697d, etc.: Comp. -οτέρως D.5.18: Sup. -ότατα Id.23.149.

German (Pape)

[Seite 1125] (vgl. ἔχθω, ἔχθος), verhaßt, verfeindet, zuwider, von Personen u. Sachen, ἐχθρὸς γάρ μοι κεῖνος ὁμῶς Ἀίδαο πύλῃσιν Il. 9, 312, ἐχθρὰ δέ μοι τοῦ δῶρα ibd. 378, ἐχθρὸν δέ μοί ἐστιν – μυθολογεύειν Od. 12, 452; λοιδορῆσαι θεοὺς ἐχθρὰ σοφία Pind. Ol. 9, 41; ἐχθρος θεοῖσιν Ar. Nub. 581; Folgde. – Plat. θεοῖς ἐχθρὸς ὁ ἄδικος, Rep. I, 352 b; auch im milderen Sinne, unangenehm. – Feindselig gesinnt, feindlich, Tragg. u. Prosa, Ggstz von φίλος, φίλον τέως, νῦν δ' ἐχθρὸν ὡς φαίνει κακόν Aesch. Ch. 987 (wie Ammon. ἐχθρός erkl. ὁ πρότερον φίλος, δυσμενής aber ὁ χρόνιον πρὸς τόν ποτε φίλον τὸ μῖσος διατηρῶν καὶ δυσδιαλλάκτως ἔχων; über den Unterschied von πολέμιος s. dieses); ἐρίζουσι δὲ οἱ διάφοροι καὶ ἐχθροὶ ἀλλήλοις Plat. Prot. 327 b, ἦν τῷ Ἄγιδι ἐχθρός Thuc. 8, 45; auch c. gen., Pind. Ol. 7, 90, wie. Xen. Cyn. 13, 12; ἑαυτοῦ Thuc. 4, 47; ὁ ἐχθρός, der Feind, ὁ Διὸς ἐχθρός Aesch. Prom. 120; Folgde. – Adv. ἐχθρῶς, feindselig, μισεῖν Plat. Legg. III, 679 d; Xen. u. Folgde. – Comparat. ἐχθίων u. superlat. ἔχθιστος s. oben. – Die regelmäßige Form ἐχθρότερος Sinmonds. 58 (V, 161) Antip. Th. 49 (VII, 640) u. öfter in der Anth., auch Dem. prooem. 40, der auch im adv. ἐχθροτέρως σ χήσειν.sagt, 5, 18; ἐχθρότατος Pind. N. 1, 64 (aber Ol. 8, 69 ἔχθιστος); θεοῖς ἐχθρότατον βροτῶν Soph. O. R. 1346; Plat. epigr. 8 (VI, 43), u. öfter in der Anth.