γιγνώσκω: Difference between revisions
ἄμπελον κόπτοντες τὴν περὶ τὸ ἱερὸν ἐσέβαλλον καὶ λίθους — → cutting down the vines 'round the sanctuary, they threw in rocks as well
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|Definition=Dor. (<span class="bibl">Epich.9</span>, <span class="bibl">Pi.<span class="title">O.</span>6.97</span>), Aeol., Ion., and after Arist. γινώσκω, but <b class="b3">γιγνώσκω</b> in early Att. Inscrr., as <span class="title">IG</span>12.127.19 (κατα-), etc.: fut. <span class="sense"><p> <span class="bld">A</span> γνώσομαι <span class="bibl">Il.23.497</span>, etc., Dor. 3sg. γνωσεῖται Call.<span class="title">Lav. Pall.</span>123 (<b class="b3">γνώσω</b> is f.l. in Hp.<span class="title">Steril.</span>215); Cret. form <b class="b3">ἀνα-γνώοντι</b> dub. in <span class="title">GDI</span>5075 (for aor. 1, v. [[ἀναγιγνώσκω]]): pf. ἔγνωκα <span class="bibl">Pi.<span class="title">P.</span>4.287</span>, etc.: aor. 2 ἔγνων <span class="bibl">Il.13.72</span>, etc., Ep. dual γνώτην <span class="bibl">Od.21.36</span>, Dor. 3pl. ἔγνον <span class="bibl">Pi.<span class="title">P.</span>4.120</span>; imper. γνῶθι <span class="bibl">Epich.[264]</span>, etc.; subj. γνῶ, γνῷς, γνῷ <span class="bibl">Il.1.411</span>, etc., Ep. also γνώω, γνώομεν <span class="bibl">Od.16.304</span>, γνώωσι <span class="bibl">Il.23.610</span>; opt. γνοίην <span class="bibl">Il.18.125</span>, etc.; pl. γνοῖμεν Pl.<span class="title">Alc.</span>1.129a; inf. γνῶναι <span class="bibl">Od.13.312</span>, etc., Ep. γνώμεναι <span class="bibl">Il.21.266</span>; part. γνούς <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">El.</span>731</span>, etc.:—Med., aor. 1 γνώσασθαι <span class="bibl">Man.2.51</span>:—Pass., fut. γνωσθήσομαι <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Nu.</span>918</span>, <span class="bibl">Th.1.124</span>, etc.: aor. ἐγνώσθην <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Supp.</span> 7</span> (lyr.), <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">El.</span>852</span>, <span class="bibl">Th.2.65</span>: pf. ἔγνωσμαι <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">HF</span>1287</span>, <span class="bibl">Th.3.38</span>:— <b class="b2">come to know, perceive</b>, and in past tenses, <b class="b2">know</b>, c. acc., <span class="bibl">Il.12.272</span>, etc.; as dist. fr. <b class="b3">οἶδα</b> <b class="b2">know by reflection</b>, <b class="b3">γιγνώσκω</b>, = <b class="b2">know by observation</b>, γνόντες δὲ εἰδότας περιορᾶν <span class="bibl">Th.1.69</span>; ἐγὼ δ' οἶδ' ὅτι γιγνώσκετε τοῦτον ἅπαντες <span class="bibl">D.18.276</span>; <b class="b3">χαλεπόν ἐστι τὸ γνῶναι εἰ οἶδεν ἢ μή</b> it is hard to <b class="b2">perceive</b> whether one knows or not, Arist.<span class="title">AP</span>0.76a26; <b class="b2">discern, distinguish, recognize</b>, ὄφρ' εὖ γιγνώσκῃς ἠμὲν θεὸν ἠδὲ καὶ ἄνδρα <span class="bibl">Il. 5.128</span>; <b class="b3">ἀσπίδι γιγνώσκων</b> by his shield, ib.<span class="bibl">182</span>; ironically, <b class="b3">εὖ νύ τις αὐτὸν γνώσεται</b> he will <b class="b2">learn</b> him to his cost, <span class="bibl">18.270</span>; νῦν ἔγνων τὸν Ἔρωτα <span class="bibl">Theoc.3.15</span>: sts. c. gen., <b class="b3">γνώτην ἀλλήλων</b> <b class="b2">were aware of</b>... <span class="bibl">Od.21.36</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">23.109</span>. </span><span class="sense"> <span class="bld">2</span> folld. by relat. clauses, <b class="b3">γιγνώσκω δ' ὡς</b> . . I <b class="b2">perceive</b> that... <span class="bibl">21.209</span>; ἔγνως ὡς θεός εἰμι <span class="bibl">Il.22.10</span>; ἔγνωκας ὡς οὐδὲν λέγεις <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Nu.</span>1095</span>; <b class="b3">γ. ὅτι</b> . . <span class="bibl">Heraclit. 108</span>, <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Pr.</span>104</span>,<span class="bibl">379</span>, etc.; <b class="b3">ἵν' εἰδῆτε ὑμεῖς καὶ γνῶτε ὅτι</b> . . <span class="bibl">D.21.143</span>; γνώμεναι εἴ μιν . . φοβέουσι <span class="bibl">Il.21.266</span>; γ. τί πέπονθε πάθος <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Phlb.</span>60d</span>: c. acc. and relat. clause, Τυδείδην δ' οὐκ ἂν γνοίης, ποτέροισι μετείη <span class="bibl">Il.5.85</span>; γ. θεοὺς οἵτινές εἰσι <span class="bibl">Heraclit.5</span>; Σωκράτην γ. οἷος ἦν <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">Mem.</span>4.8.11</span>; <b class="b3">τοὺς Πέρσας γ. ὅτι</b> . . <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Cyr.</span>2.1.11</span>; also ἀλλοτρίας γῆς γ. ὅτι δύναται φέρειν <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Oec.</span>16.3</span>: c. part., <b class="b3">ἔγνων μιν . . οἰωνὸν ἐόντα</b> <b class="b2">perceived</b> that he was... <span class="bibl">Od.15.532</span>; γνόντες οὐδεμίαν σφίσι τιμωρίαν οὖσαν <span class="bibl">Th.1.25</span>; ἔγνωκα . . ἠπατημένη <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">Aj.</span>807</span>; <b class="b3">ἔγνων ἡττημένος</b> I <b class="b2">felt that</b> I <b class="b2">was</b> beaten, <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Eq.</span>658</span>; χρυσῷ πάττων μ' οὐ γιγνώσκεις <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Nu.</span>912</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">Antipho 5.33</span>, <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">Cyr.</span> 7.2.17</span>: c. gen., <b class="b3">ὡς γνῶ χωομένοιο</b> when <b class="b2">he was aware of</b>... <span class="bibl">Il.4.357</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Ap.</span>27a</span>: c. inf., ἵνα γνῷ τρέφειν τὴν γλῶσσαν ἡσυχεστέραν <span class="bibl">S. <span class="title">Ant.</span>1089</span>: c. acc. et inf., <b class="b2">recognize</b> that... <span class="bibl">Th.1.43</span>, etc.; <b class="b2">take</b> a thing <b class="b2">to mean</b> that... <span class="bibl">Hdt.1.78</span>: c. dupl. acc., <b class="b2">perceive</b> or <b class="b2">know</b> another to be... οἵους γνώσεσθε τοὺς ἀνθρώπους <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">An.</span>1.7.4</span>: abs., <b class="b3">ὁ γιγνώσκων</b> <b class="b2">the perceiver</b>, opp. <b class="b3">τὰ γιγνωσκόμενα</b> <b class="b2">the objects perceived</b>, <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">R.</span>508e</span>; also <b class="b3">ὁ γ</b>. <b class="b2">one who knows, a prudent person</b>, ib.<span class="bibl">347d</span>:—Pass., <b class="b3">εἰ γνωσθεῖεν ᾧ</b> . . if <b class="b2">it were known of them</b> in what... <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Prt.</span>342b</span>. </span><span class="sense"> <span class="bld">II</span> <b class="b2">form a judgement, think</b>, ταὐτά <span class="bibl">Hdt.9.2</span>; τἀναντία τούτοις γ. <span class="bibl">X. <span class="title">HG</span>2.3.38</span>; οὕτω γ. <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">An.</span>6.1.19</span>; τὰ δίκαια γ. <span class="bibl">Lys.22.2</span>; <b class="b3">ἃ γιγνώσκω λέγειν</b>( = [[τὴν γνώμην λ]].) <span class="bibl">D.4.1</span>; περὶ τῆς βοηθείας ταῦτα γιγνώσκω <span class="bibl">Id.1.19</span>; <b class="b3">τοῦτο γιγνώσκων, ὅτι</b> . . <span class="bibl">Men.572</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">648</span>; ὡς ἐμοῦ ἀγωνιουμένου οὕτω γίγνωσκε <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">Cyr.</span>2.3.15</span>: abs., <b class="b3">αὐτὸς γνώσῃ</b> <b class="b2">see</b> thou to that, <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Grg.</span>505c</span>; esp. in dialogue, <b class="b3">ἔγνων</b> <b class="b2">I understand</b>, <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">Aj.</span> 36</span>; <b class="b3">ἔγνως</b> <b class="b2">you are right</b>, <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Tr.</span>1221</span>, <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Andr.</span>883</span>; <b class="b3">ἔγνωκας</b>; Lat. <b class="b2">tenes</b>? <span class="bibl">Nausicr.1.5</span>; <b class="b2">judge, determine, decree that</b>... c. acc. et inf., <span class="bibl">Hdt.1.74</span>, <span class="bibl">6.85</span>, <span class="bibl">Isoc.17.16</span>: c. inf., <b class="b2">determine</b> to... <span class="bibl">And.1.107</span>:— Pass., <b class="b2">to be pronounced</b>, of a sentence or judgement, <span class="bibl">Th.3.36</span>; παρανόμως γνωσθεῖσα δίαιτα <span class="bibl">D.33.33</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">59.47</span>; κρίσις ἐγνωσμένη ὑπό τινος <span class="bibl">Isoc.6.30</span>. </span><span class="sense"> <span class="bld">2</span> Pass., of persons, <b class="b2">to be judged guilty</b>, <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Supp.</span>7</span>; γνωσθέντα ζημιοῦσιν οἱ νόμοι <span class="bibl">Arist.<span class="title">Rh.Al.</span>1431b30</span>; τεθνάτω ἐὰν γνωσθῇ, ἐὰν δὲ φυγὴ γνωσθῇ, φευγέτω <span class="title">IG</span>12.10.29. </span><span class="sense"> <span class="bld">3</span> pf. Pass. with act. sense, <b class="b3">ὡμολόγηκεν ὑμᾶς ὑπάρχειν ἐγνωσμένους</b> are <b class="b2">determined</b>, <span class="bibl">D. 18.228</span> (sed leg. <b class="b3">ἡμᾶς</b>). </span><span class="sense"> <span class="bld">III</span> <b class="b2">know carnally</b>, <span class="bibl">Men.558.5</span>, <span class="bibl">Heraclid. <span class="title">Pol.</span>64</span>, <span class="bibl">LXX <span class="title">Ge.</span>4.1</span>, al., <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Ev.Matt.</span>1.25</span>, <span class="bibl">Plu.<span class="title">Galb.</span>9</span>, etc. </span><span class="sense"> <span class="bld">IV</span> <b class="b3">γ. χάριν</b>, = [[εἰδέναι χάριν]], <span class="bibl">D.C.39.9</span>. </span><span class="sense"> <span class="bld">B</span> causal, <b class="b2">make known, celebrate</b>, γνώσομαι τὰν ὀλβίαν Κόρινθον <span class="bibl">Pi.<span class="title">O.</span>13.3</span> acc. to Sch. ad loc., v. dub. (Root <b class="b3">γνω-</b>, cf. Skt. <b class="b2">jānāmi, jñātas</b>, Lat. <b class="b2">gnosco, gnotus</b>, etc.)</span> | |Definition=Dor. (<span class="bibl">Epich.9</span>, <span class="bibl">Pi.<span class="title">O.</span>6.97</span>), Aeol., Ion., and after Arist. γινώσκω, but <b class="b3">γιγνώσκω</b> in early Att. Inscrr., as <span class="title">IG</span>12.127.19 (κατα-), etc.: fut. <span class="sense"><p> <span class="bld">A</span> γνώσομαι <span class="bibl">Il.23.497</span>, etc., Dor. 3sg. γνωσεῖται Call.<span class="title">Lav. Pall.</span>123 (<b class="b3">γνώσω</b> is f.l. in Hp.<span class="title">Steril.</span>215); Cret. form <b class="b3">ἀνα-γνώοντι</b> dub. in <span class="title">GDI</span>5075 (for aor. 1, v. [[ἀναγιγνώσκω]]): pf. ἔγνωκα <span class="bibl">Pi.<span class="title">P.</span>4.287</span>, etc.: aor. 2 ἔγνων <span class="bibl">Il.13.72</span>, etc., Ep. dual γνώτην <span class="bibl">Od.21.36</span>, Dor. 3pl. ἔγνον <span class="bibl">Pi.<span class="title">P.</span>4.120</span>; imper. γνῶθι <span class="bibl">Epich.[264]</span>, etc.; subj. γνῶ, γνῷς, γνῷ <span class="bibl">Il.1.411</span>, etc., Ep. also γνώω, γνώομεν <span class="bibl">Od.16.304</span>, γνώωσι <span class="bibl">Il.23.610</span>; opt. γνοίην <span class="bibl">Il.18.125</span>, etc.; pl. γνοῖμεν Pl.<span class="title">Alc.</span>1.129a; inf. γνῶναι <span class="bibl">Od.13.312</span>, etc., Ep. γνώμεναι <span class="bibl">Il.21.266</span>; part. γνούς <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">El.</span>731</span>, etc.:—Med., aor. 1 γνώσασθαι <span class="bibl">Man.2.51</span>:—Pass., fut. γνωσθήσομαι <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Nu.</span>918</span>, <span class="bibl">Th.1.124</span>, etc.: aor. ἐγνώσθην <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Supp.</span> 7</span> (lyr.), <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">El.</span>852</span>, <span class="bibl">Th.2.65</span>: pf. ἔγνωσμαι <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">HF</span>1287</span>, <span class="bibl">Th.3.38</span>:— <b class="b2">come to know, perceive</b>, and in past tenses, <b class="b2">know</b>, c. acc., <span class="bibl">Il.12.272</span>, etc.; as dist. fr. <b class="b3">οἶδα</b> <b class="b2">know by reflection</b>, <b class="b3">γιγνώσκω</b>, = <b class="b2">know by observation</b>, γνόντες δὲ εἰδότας περιορᾶν <span class="bibl">Th.1.69</span>; ἐγὼ δ' οἶδ' ὅτι γιγνώσκετε τοῦτον ἅπαντες <span class="bibl">D.18.276</span>; <b class="b3">χαλεπόν ἐστι τὸ γνῶναι εἰ οἶδεν ἢ μή</b> it is hard to <b class="b2">perceive</b> whether one knows or not, Arist.<span class="title">AP</span>0.76a26; <b class="b2">discern, distinguish, recognize</b>, ὄφρ' εὖ γιγνώσκῃς ἠμὲν θεὸν ἠδὲ καὶ ἄνδρα <span class="bibl">Il. 5.128</span>; <b class="b3">ἀσπίδι γιγνώσκων</b> by his shield, ib.<span class="bibl">182</span>; ironically, <b class="b3">εὖ νύ τις αὐτὸν γνώσεται</b> he will <b class="b2">learn</b> him to his cost, <span class="bibl">18.270</span>; νῦν ἔγνων τὸν Ἔρωτα <span class="bibl">Theoc.3.15</span>: sts. c. gen., <b class="b3">γνώτην ἀλλήλων</b> <b class="b2">were aware of</b>... <span class="bibl">Od.21.36</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">23.109</span>. </span><span class="sense"> <span class="bld">2</span> folld. by relat. clauses, <b class="b3">γιγνώσκω δ' ὡς</b> . . I <b class="b2">perceive</b> that... <span class="bibl">21.209</span>; ἔγνως ὡς θεός εἰμι <span class="bibl">Il.22.10</span>; ἔγνωκας ὡς οὐδὲν λέγεις <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Nu.</span>1095</span>; <b class="b3">γ. ὅτι</b> . . <span class="bibl">Heraclit. 108</span>, <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Pr.</span>104</span>,<span class="bibl">379</span>, etc.; <b class="b3">ἵν' εἰδῆτε ὑμεῖς καὶ γνῶτε ὅτι</b> . . <span class="bibl">D.21.143</span>; γνώμεναι εἴ μιν . . φοβέουσι <span class="bibl">Il.21.266</span>; γ. τί πέπονθε πάθος <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Phlb.</span>60d</span>: c. acc. and relat. clause, Τυδείδην δ' οὐκ ἂν γνοίης, ποτέροισι μετείη <span class="bibl">Il.5.85</span>; γ. θεοὺς οἵτινές εἰσι <span class="bibl">Heraclit.5</span>; Σωκράτην γ. οἷος ἦν <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">Mem.</span>4.8.11</span>; <b class="b3">τοὺς Πέρσας γ. ὅτι</b> . . <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Cyr.</span>2.1.11</span>; also ἀλλοτρίας γῆς γ. ὅτι δύναται φέρειν <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Oec.</span>16.3</span>: c. part., <b class="b3">ἔγνων μιν . . οἰωνὸν ἐόντα</b> <b class="b2">perceived</b> that he was... <span class="bibl">Od.15.532</span>; γνόντες οὐδεμίαν σφίσι τιμωρίαν οὖσαν <span class="bibl">Th.1.25</span>; ἔγνωκα . . ἠπατημένη <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">Aj.</span>807</span>; <b class="b3">ἔγνων ἡττημένος</b> I <b class="b2">felt that</b> I <b class="b2">was</b> beaten, <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Eq.</span>658</span>; χρυσῷ πάττων μ' οὐ γιγνώσκεις <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Nu.</span>912</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">Antipho 5.33</span>, <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">Cyr.</span> 7.2.17</span>: c. gen., <b class="b3">ὡς γνῶ χωομένοιο</b> when <b class="b2">he was aware of</b>... <span class="bibl">Il.4.357</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Ap.</span>27a</span>: c. inf., ἵνα γνῷ τρέφειν τὴν γλῶσσαν ἡσυχεστέραν <span class="bibl">S. <span class="title">Ant.</span>1089</span>: c. acc. et inf., <b class="b2">recognize</b> that... <span class="bibl">Th.1.43</span>, etc.; <b class="b2">take</b> a thing <b class="b2">to mean</b> that... <span class="bibl">Hdt.1.78</span>: c. dupl. acc., <b class="b2">perceive</b> or <b class="b2">know</b> another to be... οἵους γνώσεσθε τοὺς ἀνθρώπους <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">An.</span>1.7.4</span>: abs., <b class="b3">ὁ γιγνώσκων</b> <b class="b2">the perceiver</b>, opp. <b class="b3">τὰ γιγνωσκόμενα</b> <b class="b2">the objects perceived</b>, <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">R.</span>508e</span>; also <b class="b3">ὁ γ</b>. <b class="b2">one who knows, a prudent person</b>, ib.<span class="bibl">347d</span>:—Pass., <b class="b3">εἰ γνωσθεῖεν ᾧ</b> . . if <b class="b2">it were known of them</b> in what... <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Prt.</span>342b</span>. </span><span class="sense"> <span class="bld">II</span> <b class="b2">form a judgement, think</b>, ταὐτά <span class="bibl">Hdt.9.2</span>; τἀναντία τούτοις γ. <span class="bibl">X. <span class="title">HG</span>2.3.38</span>; οὕτω γ. <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">An.</span>6.1.19</span>; τὰ δίκαια γ. <span class="bibl">Lys.22.2</span>; <b class="b3">ἃ γιγνώσκω λέγειν</b>( = [[τὴν γνώμην λ]].) <span class="bibl">D.4.1</span>; περὶ τῆς βοηθείας ταῦτα γιγνώσκω <span class="bibl">Id.1.19</span>; <b class="b3">τοῦτο γιγνώσκων, ὅτι</b> . . <span class="bibl">Men.572</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">648</span>; ὡς ἐμοῦ ἀγωνιουμένου οὕτω γίγνωσκε <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">Cyr.</span>2.3.15</span>: abs., <b class="b3">αὐτὸς γνώσῃ</b> <b class="b2">see</b> thou to that, <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Grg.</span>505c</span>; esp. in dialogue, <b class="b3">ἔγνων</b> <b class="b2">I understand</b>, <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">Aj.</span> 36</span>; <b class="b3">ἔγνως</b> <b class="b2">you are right</b>, <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Tr.</span>1221</span>, <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Andr.</span>883</span>; <b class="b3">ἔγνωκας</b>; Lat. <b class="b2">tenes</b>? <span class="bibl">Nausicr.1.5</span>; <b class="b2">judge, determine, decree that</b>... c. acc. et inf., <span class="bibl">Hdt.1.74</span>, <span class="bibl">6.85</span>, <span class="bibl">Isoc.17.16</span>: c. inf., <b class="b2">determine</b> to... <span class="bibl">And.1.107</span>:— Pass., <b class="b2">to be pronounced</b>, of a sentence or judgement, <span class="bibl">Th.3.36</span>; παρανόμως γνωσθεῖσα δίαιτα <span class="bibl">D.33.33</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">59.47</span>; κρίσις ἐγνωσμένη ὑπό τινος <span class="bibl">Isoc.6.30</span>. </span><span class="sense"> <span class="bld">2</span> Pass., of persons, <b class="b2">to be judged guilty</b>, <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Supp.</span>7</span>; γνωσθέντα ζημιοῦσιν οἱ νόμοι <span class="bibl">Arist.<span class="title">Rh.Al.</span>1431b30</span>; τεθνάτω ἐὰν γνωσθῇ, ἐὰν δὲ φυγὴ γνωσθῇ, φευγέτω <span class="title">IG</span>12.10.29. </span><span class="sense"> <span class="bld">3</span> pf. Pass. with act. sense, <b class="b3">ὡμολόγηκεν ὑμᾶς ὑπάρχειν ἐγνωσμένους</b> are <b class="b2">determined</b>, <span class="bibl">D. 18.228</span> (sed leg. <b class="b3">ἡμᾶς</b>). </span><span class="sense"> <span class="bld">III</span> <b class="b2">know carnally</b>, <span class="bibl">Men.558.5</span>, <span class="bibl">Heraclid. <span class="title">Pol.</span>64</span>, <span class="bibl">LXX <span class="title">Ge.</span>4.1</span>, al., <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Ev.Matt.</span>1.25</span>, <span class="bibl">Plu.<span class="title">Galb.</span>9</span>, etc. </span><span class="sense"> <span class="bld">IV</span> <b class="b3">γ. χάριν</b>, = [[εἰδέναι χάριν]], <span class="bibl">D.C.39.9</span>. </span><span class="sense"> <span class="bld">B</span> causal, <b class="b2">make known, celebrate</b>, γνώσομαι τὰν ὀλβίαν Κόρινθον <span class="bibl">Pi.<span class="title">O.</span>13.3</span> acc. to Sch. ad loc., v. dub. (Root <b class="b3">γνω-</b>, cf. Skt. <b class="b2">jānāmi, jñātas</b>, Lat. <b class="b2">gnosco, gnotus</b>, etc.)</span> | ||
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|ptext=[[https://www.translatum.gr/images/pape/pape-01-0492.png Seite 492]] erkennen, kennen; mit Reduplication von der Wurzel γνο, von der auch [[νόος]], entstanden aus γνώος, vgl. nosco, in compos. gnosco, cognosco, agnosco, dignosco; Sp. γινώσκω, als var. lect. auch im Hom., vielleicht sogar überall als Lesart Aristarchs, s. z. B. Scholl. Aristonic. Iliad. 15, 241; fut. γνώσομαι; aor. ἔγνων, [[γνῶναι]], γνούς; ἔγνων = ἔγνωσαν Pind. P. 9, 82 I. 2, 23; vgl. ἐπιγνώῃ; pf. ἔγνωκα, ἔγνωσμαι; aor. p. ἐγνώσθην; – 1) <b class="b2">kennen lernen</b>, erkennen, wahrnehmen, nach Plat. Theaet. 209 e = ἐπιστήμην [[λαβεῖν]]; Ggstz [[δοξάζω]] Rep. V, 476 d. Von Hom. an überall; absolut, [[γιγνώσκω]], [[φρονέω]]· τά γε δὴ νοέοντι κελεύεις, ich verstehe, ich begreife, Odyss. 16, 136. 17, 193. 281; mit accus., εὖ νύ τις αὐτὸν γνώσεται, er wird ihn (zu seinem Schaden) kennen lernen, Il. 18, 270; vgl. Theocr. 3, 15; τοὺς αἰτίους Plat. Phaed. 116 c; τὴν φωνήν, erkennen, Prot. 3100; οἵους αὐτούς, für was für Leute ihr sie ansehen, erkennen werdet, Xen. An. 1, 7, 4; τινός, Odyss. 23, 109 ἦ [[μάλα]] νῶι γνωσόμεθ' [[ἀλλήλων]] καὶ λώιον; 21, 36 οὐδὲ τραπέζῃ γνώτην [[ἀλλήλων]]; Iliad. 4, 357 ὡς γνῶ χωομένοιο, als er bemerkte, daß der Andere zürnte, s. Scholl. Aristonic. u. vgl. Sengebusch Ariston. p. 6 sq.; vgl. Xen. Oec. 16, 3; ἐμοῦ ποιοῦντος Cyr. 7, 2, 18. Gew. folgt ὅτι, auch ὡς, Od. 21, 209; εἰ Il. 21, 266; ἔγνω τὸνἩσίοδον ὅτι ἦν [[σοφός]] Plat. Rep. V, 466 c; c. partic., ἔγνων μιν ἐσάντα ἰδὼν οἰωνὸν ἐόντα Od. 15, 532; γνόντες οὐδεμίαν σφίσι τιμωρίαν οὖσαν, daß sie keine Hülfe bekämen, Thuc. 1, 25; Xen. Hell. 3, 1, 9; ἔγνων ἡττημένος, ich merkte, daß ich besiegt sei, Ar. Equ. 658; [[γιγνώσκω]] ἀπιστούμενος Xen. Cyr. 7, 2, 17. – S. v. a. <b class="b2">wiedererkennen</b>, ἀναγνωρίζειν, Hom. Iliad. 15, 241 νέον δ' ἐσαγείρετο θυμόν, ἀμφὶ ἓγιγνώσκων ἑτάρους, s. Scholl. Aristonic. – 2) Uebh. wissen, einsehen, πᾶς ὁ γιγνώσκων, jeder Kluge, Plat. Rep. I, 347 d, wie Sp. auch [[χάριν]] γιγνώσκειν für [[εἰδέναι]] sagen. – 3) <b class="b2">meinen, urtheilen</b>, εἴ τις οἴεται – οὐκ ὀρθῶς ἔγνωκεν Dem. 4, 29; ἐγνώκασι, τὸν θάνατον πᾶσι κοινὸν εἶναι Xen. An. 3, 1, 43; vgl. Cyr. 2, 2, 23; ὀρθῶς [[περί]] τινος Thuc. 2, 22; Isocr. 4, 139 u. sonst; von richterlicher Entscheidung, erkennen, Her. 6, 85; τὰ δίκαια Dem. 19, 240; ἡ παρανόμως γνωσθεῖσα [[δίαιτα]], widerrechtlich gefälltes Erkenntniß der Schiedsrichter, Dem. 33, 33; [[κρίσις]] ἐγνωσμένη ὑπὸ τῶν ἐχθρῶν Isocr. 6, 30; bei Aesch. Suppl. 7 = verurtheilen; auch von den Beschlüssen des Raths u. der Gesetzgeber, χαλεπόν τι γ. [[περί]] τινος, hart gegen jem. verfahren, Dion. Hal. 54, 7; übh. beschließen, bestimmen, c. acc. u. inf., Her. 1, 74; vgl. Aesch. Spt. 632 σὺ δ' αὐτὸς γνῶθι [[τίνα]] πέμπειν δοκεῖς; ἐγνωσμένον ἐστί, es ist beschlossen, Luc. Nigr. 3. – 4) erkennen, vom Bei schlaf, Callim. ep. 58, 3; Plut. Alex. 21 u. öfter; N. T., z. B. Matth. 1, 25 u. a. Sp., bes. K. S. – 5) Pind. braucht factitiv γνώσομαι Κόρινθον, ich will bekannt machen, preisen, Ol. 13, 3, wie man auch 6, 89 erkl.: πρῶτον μὲν Ἥραν κελαδῆσαι γνῶναί τ' [[ἔπειτα]] – εἰ φεύγομεν. | |||
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Revision as of 19:46, 2 August 2017
English (LSJ)
Dor. (Epich.9, Pi.O.6.97), Aeol., Ion., and after Arist. γινώσκω, but γιγνώσκω in early Att. Inscrr., as IG12.127.19 (κατα-), etc.: fut.
A γνώσομαι Il.23.497, etc., Dor. 3sg. γνωσεῖται Call.Lav. Pall.123 (γνώσω is f.l. in Hp.Steril.215); Cret. form ἀνα-γνώοντι dub. in GDI5075 (for aor. 1, v. ἀναγιγνώσκω): pf. ἔγνωκα Pi.P.4.287, etc.: aor. 2 ἔγνων Il.13.72, etc., Ep. dual γνώτην Od.21.36, Dor. 3pl. ἔγνον Pi.P.4.120; imper. γνῶθι Epich.[264], etc.; subj. γνῶ, γνῷς, γνῷ Il.1.411, etc., Ep. also γνώω, γνώομεν Od.16.304, γνώωσι Il.23.610; opt. γνοίην Il.18.125, etc.; pl. γνοῖμεν Pl.Alc.1.129a; inf. γνῶναι Od.13.312, etc., Ep. γνώμεναι Il.21.266; part. γνούς S.El.731, etc.:—Med., aor. 1 γνώσασθαι Man.2.51:—Pass., fut. γνωσθήσομαι Ar.Nu.918, Th.1.124, etc.: aor. ἐγνώσθην A.Supp. 7 (lyr.), E.El.852, Th.2.65: pf. ἔγνωσμαι E.HF1287, Th.3.38:— come to know, perceive, and in past tenses, know, c. acc., Il.12.272, etc.; as dist. fr. οἶδα know by reflection, γιγνώσκω, = know by observation, γνόντες δὲ εἰδότας περιορᾶν Th.1.69; ἐγὼ δ' οἶδ' ὅτι γιγνώσκετε τοῦτον ἅπαντες D.18.276; χαλεπόν ἐστι τὸ γνῶναι εἰ οἶδεν ἢ μή it is hard to perceive whether one knows or not, Arist.AP0.76a26; discern, distinguish, recognize, ὄφρ' εὖ γιγνώσκῃς ἠμὲν θεὸν ἠδὲ καὶ ἄνδρα Il. 5.128; ἀσπίδι γιγνώσκων by his shield, ib.182; ironically, εὖ νύ τις αὐτὸν γνώσεται he will learn him to his cost, 18.270; νῦν ἔγνων τὸν Ἔρωτα Theoc.3.15: sts. c. gen., γνώτην ἀλλήλων were aware of... Od.21.36, cf. 23.109. 2 folld. by relat. clauses, γιγνώσκω δ' ὡς . . I perceive that... 21.209; ἔγνως ὡς θεός εἰμι Il.22.10; ἔγνωκας ὡς οὐδὲν λέγεις Ar.Nu.1095; γ. ὅτι . . Heraclit. 108, A.Pr.104,379, etc.; ἵν' εἰδῆτε ὑμεῖς καὶ γνῶτε ὅτι . . D.21.143; γνώμεναι εἴ μιν . . φοβέουσι Il.21.266; γ. τί πέπονθε πάθος Pl.Phlb.60d: c. acc. and relat. clause, Τυδείδην δ' οὐκ ἂν γνοίης, ποτέροισι μετείη Il.5.85; γ. θεοὺς οἵτινές εἰσι Heraclit.5; Σωκράτην γ. οἷος ἦν X.Mem.4.8.11; τοὺς Πέρσας γ. ὅτι . . Id.Cyr.2.1.11; also ἀλλοτρίας γῆς γ. ὅτι δύναται φέρειν Id.Oec.16.3: c. part., ἔγνων μιν . . οἰωνὸν ἐόντα perceived that he was... Od.15.532; γνόντες οὐδεμίαν σφίσι τιμωρίαν οὖσαν Th.1.25; ἔγνωκα . . ἠπατημένη S.Aj.807; ἔγνων ἡττημένος I felt that I was beaten, Ar.Eq.658; χρυσῷ πάττων μ' οὐ γιγνώσκεις Id.Nu.912, cf. Antipho 5.33, X.Cyr. 7.2.17: c. gen., ὡς γνῶ χωομένοιο when he was aware of... Il.4.357, cf. Pl.Ap.27a: c. inf., ἵνα γνῷ τρέφειν τὴν γλῶσσαν ἡσυχεστέραν S. Ant.1089: c. acc. et inf., recognize that... Th.1.43, etc.; take a thing to mean that... Hdt.1.78: c. dupl. acc., perceive or know another to be... οἵους γνώσεσθε τοὺς ἀνθρώπους X.An.1.7.4: abs., ὁ γιγνώσκων the perceiver, opp. τὰ γιγνωσκόμενα the objects perceived, Pl.R.508e; also ὁ γ. one who knows, a prudent person, ib.347d:—Pass., εἰ γνωσθεῖεν ᾧ . . if it were known of them in what... Id.Prt.342b. II form a judgement, think, ταὐτά Hdt.9.2; τἀναντία τούτοις γ. X. HG2.3.38; οὕτω γ. Id.An.6.1.19; τὰ δίκαια γ. Lys.22.2; ἃ γιγνώσκω λέγειν( = τὴν γνώμην λ.) D.4.1; περὶ τῆς βοηθείας ταῦτα γιγνώσκω Id.1.19; τοῦτο γιγνώσκων, ὅτι . . Men.572, cf. 648; ὡς ἐμοῦ ἀγωνιουμένου οὕτω γίγνωσκε X.Cyr.2.3.15: abs., αὐτὸς γνώσῃ see thou to that, Pl.Grg.505c; esp. in dialogue, ἔγνων I understand, S.Aj. 36; ἔγνως you are right, Id.Tr.1221, E.Andr.883; ἔγνωκας; Lat. tenes? Nausicr.1.5; judge, determine, decree that... c. acc. et inf., Hdt.1.74, 6.85, Isoc.17.16: c. inf., determine to... And.1.107:— Pass., to be pronounced, of a sentence or judgement, Th.3.36; παρανόμως γνωσθεῖσα δίαιτα D.33.33, cf. 59.47; κρίσις ἐγνωσμένη ὑπό τινος Isoc.6.30. 2 Pass., of persons, to be judged guilty, A.Supp.7; γνωσθέντα ζημιοῦσιν οἱ νόμοι Arist.Rh.Al.1431b30; τεθνάτω ἐὰν γνωσθῇ, ἐὰν δὲ φυγὴ γνωσθῇ, φευγέτω IG12.10.29. 3 pf. Pass. with act. sense, ὡμολόγηκεν ὑμᾶς ὑπάρχειν ἐγνωσμένους are determined, D. 18.228 (sed leg. ἡμᾶς). III know carnally, Men.558.5, Heraclid. Pol.64, LXX Ge.4.1, al., Ev.Matt.1.25, Plu.Galb.9, etc. IV γ. χάριν, = εἰδέναι χάριν, D.C.39.9. B causal, make known, celebrate, γνώσομαι τὰν ὀλβίαν Κόρινθον Pi.O.13.3 acc. to Sch. ad loc., v. dub. (Root γνω-, cf. Skt. jānāmi, jñātas, Lat. gnosco, gnotus, etc.)
German (Pape)
[Seite 492] erkennen, kennen; mit Reduplication von der Wurzel γνο, von der auch νόος, entstanden aus γνώος, vgl. nosco, in compos. gnosco, cognosco, agnosco, dignosco; Sp. γινώσκω, als var. lect. auch im Hom., vielleicht sogar überall als Lesart Aristarchs, s. z. B. Scholl. Aristonic. Iliad. 15, 241; fut. γνώσομαι; aor. ἔγνων, γνῶναι, γνούς; ἔγνων = ἔγνωσαν Pind. P. 9, 82 I. 2, 23; vgl. ἐπιγνώῃ; pf. ἔγνωκα, ἔγνωσμαι; aor. p. ἐγνώσθην; – 1) kennen lernen, erkennen, wahrnehmen, nach Plat. Theaet. 209 e = ἐπιστήμην λαβεῖν; Ggstz δοξάζω Rep. V, 476 d. Von Hom. an überall; absolut, γιγνώσκω, φρονέω· τά γε δὴ νοέοντι κελεύεις, ich verstehe, ich begreife, Odyss. 16, 136. 17, 193. 281; mit accus., εὖ νύ τις αὐτὸν γνώσεται, er wird ihn (zu seinem Schaden) kennen lernen, Il. 18, 270; vgl. Theocr. 3, 15; τοὺς αἰτίους Plat. Phaed. 116 c; τὴν φωνήν, erkennen, Prot. 3100; οἵους αὐτούς, für was für Leute ihr sie ansehen, erkennen werdet, Xen. An. 1, 7, 4; τινός, Odyss. 23, 109 ἦ μάλα νῶι γνωσόμεθ' ἀλλήλων καὶ λώιον; 21, 36 οὐδὲ τραπέζῃ γνώτην ἀλλήλων; Iliad. 4, 357 ὡς γνῶ χωομένοιο, als er bemerkte, daß der Andere zürnte, s. Scholl. Aristonic. u. vgl. Sengebusch Ariston. p. 6 sq.; vgl. Xen. Oec. 16, 3; ἐμοῦ ποιοῦντος Cyr. 7, 2, 18. Gew. folgt ὅτι, auch ὡς, Od. 21, 209; εἰ Il. 21, 266; ἔγνω τὸνἩσίοδον ὅτι ἦν σοφός Plat. Rep. V, 466 c; c. partic., ἔγνων μιν ἐσάντα ἰδὼν οἰωνὸν ἐόντα Od. 15, 532; γνόντες οὐδεμίαν σφίσι τιμωρίαν οὖσαν, daß sie keine Hülfe bekämen, Thuc. 1, 25; Xen. Hell. 3, 1, 9; ἔγνων ἡττημένος, ich merkte, daß ich besiegt sei, Ar. Equ. 658; γιγνώσκω ἀπιστούμενος Xen. Cyr. 7, 2, 17. – S. v. a. wiedererkennen, ἀναγνωρίζειν, Hom. Iliad. 15, 241 νέον δ' ἐσαγείρετο θυμόν, ἀμφὶ ἓγιγνώσκων ἑτάρους, s. Scholl. Aristonic. – 2) Uebh. wissen, einsehen, πᾶς ὁ γιγνώσκων, jeder Kluge, Plat. Rep. I, 347 d, wie Sp. auch χάριν γιγνώσκειν für εἰδέναι sagen. – 3) meinen, urtheilen, εἴ τις οἴεται – οὐκ ὀρθῶς ἔγνωκεν Dem. 4, 29; ἐγνώκασι, τὸν θάνατον πᾶσι κοινὸν εἶναι Xen. An. 3, 1, 43; vgl. Cyr. 2, 2, 23; ὀρθῶς περί τινος Thuc. 2, 22; Isocr. 4, 139 u. sonst; von richterlicher Entscheidung, erkennen, Her. 6, 85; τὰ δίκαια Dem. 19, 240; ἡ παρανόμως γνωσθεῖσα δίαιτα, widerrechtlich gefälltes Erkenntniß der Schiedsrichter, Dem. 33, 33; κρίσις ἐγνωσμένη ὑπὸ τῶν ἐχθρῶν Isocr. 6, 30; bei Aesch. Suppl. 7 = verurtheilen; auch von den Beschlüssen des Raths u. der Gesetzgeber, χαλεπόν τι γ. περί τινος, hart gegen jem. verfahren, Dion. Hal. 54, 7; übh. beschließen, bestimmen, c. acc. u. inf., Her. 1, 74; vgl. Aesch. Spt. 632 σὺ δ' αὐτὸς γνῶθι τίνα πέμπειν δοκεῖς; ἐγνωσμένον ἐστί, es ist beschlossen, Luc. Nigr. 3. – 4) erkennen, vom Bei schlaf, Callim. ep. 58, 3; Plut. Alex. 21 u. öfter; N. T., z. B. Matth. 1, 25 u. a. Sp., bes. K. S. – 5) Pind. braucht factitiv γνώσομαι Κόρινθον, ich will bekannt machen, preisen, Ol. 13, 3, wie man auch 6, 89 erkl.: πρῶτον μὲν Ἥραν κελαδῆσαι γνῶναί τ' ἔπειτα – εἰ φεύγομεν.
