ἐξ: Difference between revisions
Νέος πεφυκὼς πολλὰ χρηστὰ μάνθανε → Dum floret aetas, disce, quod scitum decet → In jungem Alter lerne viel, was brauchbar ist
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{{etym | {{etym | ||
|etymtx=Grammatical information: adverb (preverb) and preposition<br />Meaning: [[out]] (Il.). Details in Schwyzer-Debrunner 461ff.<br />Other forms: before consonant | |etymtx=Grammatical information: adverb (preverb) and preposition<br />Meaning: [[out]] (Il.). Details in Schwyzer-Debrunner 461ff.<br />Other forms: before consonant [[ἐκ]] ([[ἐγ]], [[ἐχ]]), dial. [[ἐς]], Boeot. always <b class="b3">ἐ(σ)ς</b><br />Derivatives: [[ἔξω]] etc., s. v. <b class="b3">ἐξεῖ ἔξω</b> H wth loc. ending, Cret. [[ἐξοι]], [[εξος]] Delphi; on [[ἔξουθα]], [[ἔξεσα]] Lejeune, Adverbes en <b class="b3">-θεν</b> 329, 355. [[ἐχθός]] from [[ἐξ]] (Locr., Delphi) with [[ἔχθοι]], [[ἔχθω]], [[ἐχθοδαπός]] [[stranger]] (Pergmon IIp).<br />Origin: IE [Indo-European] [292} <b class="b2">*h₁eǵhs</b> [[out]]; or <b class="b2">*h₁eḱs</b><br />Etymology: Exact agreements [[ἐξ]] in Italic and Celtic, e. g. Lat. [[ex]] ([[ē]], <b class="b2">ec-</b>), Welsh <b class="b2">ex-</b>, OIr. <b class="b2">ess-</b>; then in Baltic and Slavic forms with unclear <b class="b2">i-</b>, e. g. Lith. <b class="b2">ìš</b>, <b class="b2">ìž</b>, OCS [[is]], [[iz]]; doubtful Arm. [[i]], <b class="b2">y-</b> [[out]], [[from]] (beside [[i]], <b class="b2">y-</b> [[in]]). - Because of [[ἔσχατος]], [[ἐχθός]] (= [[ἐκτός]]) a. o. one posits after Wackernagel KZ 33, 38ff. (= Kl. Schr. 1, 717ff.) as IE form not <b class="b2">*eḱs</b>, but <b class="b2">*eǵhs</b> (<b class="b2">*eǵzh</b>); an assumption, which is unnecessary for [[ἐκτός]] (s. v.), but for [[ἔσχατος]] seems unavoidable (s. s. v.) | ||
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{{mdlsj | {{mdlsj |
Revision as of 18:40, 8 July 2020
German (Pape)
[Seite 861] praepos., statt ἐκ (w. m. s.), vor Vokalen.
Greek (Liddell-Scott)
ἐξ: Λατ. ex, ὁ πλήρης τύπος τῆς προθ. ἐκ, διαμείνας πρὸ φωνήεντος εἴτε ἐν συντάξει εἴτε ἐν συνθέσει, ὡσαύτως καὶ πρό τινων συμφώνων· οἷον. ἐξ σέθεν Συλλ. Ἐπιγρ. 2292· ἐξ Σμύρνης 3137. 11, 81· ἐξ Ρηνείας 158. 26· ὡσαύτως ἐν τέλει στίχου μετὰ τὴν ἰδίαν πτῶσιν, κακῶν ἐξ Ἰλ. Ξ. 472, πρβλ. Θεόκρ. 22. 30.
French (Bailly abrégé)
v. ἐκ.
Spanish (DGE)
v. ἐκ.
Greek Monotonic
ἐξ: Λατ. ex, τύπος της πρόθ. ἐκ, πριν από φωνήεν και πριν από ορισμένα σύμφωνα, όπως τα ῥ, σ.
Russian (Dvoretsky)
ἐξ: перед гласным = ἐκ.
Frisk Etymological English
Grammatical information: adverb (preverb) and preposition
Meaning: out (Il.). Details in Schwyzer-Debrunner 461ff.
Other forms: before consonant ἐκ (ἐγ, ἐχ), dial. ἐς, Boeot. always ἐ(σ)ς
Derivatives: ἔξω etc., s. v. ἐξεῖ ἔξω H wth loc. ending, Cret. ἐξοι, εξος Delphi; on ἔξουθα, ἔξεσα Lejeune, Adverbes en -θεν 329, 355. ἐχθός from ἐξ (Locr., Delphi) with ἔχθοι, ἔχθω, ἐχθοδαπός stranger (Pergmon IIp).
Origin: IE [Indo-European] [292} *h₁eǵhs out; or *h₁eḱs
Etymology: Exact agreements ἐξ in Italic and Celtic, e. g. Lat. ex (ē, ec-), Welsh ex-, OIr. ess-; then in Baltic and Slavic forms with unclear i-, e. g. Lith. ìš, ìž, OCS is, iz; doubtful Arm. i, y- out, from (beside i, y- in). - Because of ἔσχατος, ἐχθός (= ἐκτός) a. o. one posits after Wackernagel KZ 33, 38ff. (= Kl. Schr. 1, 717ff.) as IE form not *eḱs, but *eǵhs (*eǵzh); an assumption, which is unnecessary for ἐκτός (s. v.), but for ἔσχατος seems unavoidable (s. s. v.)
Middle Liddell
prep
Lat. ex, the form of the prep. ἐκ, before a vowel and before some consonants, as ῥ ς.
Frisk Etymology German
ἐξ: {eks}
Forms: vor Konsonant ἐκ (ἐγ, ἐχ), dial. ἐς, böot. immer ἐ(σ)ς
Grammar: Adverb (Präverb) und Präposition
Meaning: aus (seit Il.). Einzelheiten mit Lit. bei Schwyzer-Debrunner 461ff.
Derivative: Davon ἔξω usw., s. bes.
Etymology : Genaue Entsprechungen zu ἐξ liegen im Italischen und Keltischen vor, z. B. lat. ex (ē, ec-), gall. ex-, air. ess-; daneben stehen im Baltischen und Slavischen Formen mit unklarem i-, z. B. lit. ìš, ìž, aksl. is, iz; sehr fraglich arm. i, y- aus, von (neben i, y- in). — Wegen ἔσχατος, ἐχθός (= ἐκτός) u. a. wird nach Wackernagel KZ 33, 38ff. (= Kl. Schr. 1, 717ff.) als idg. Grundform nicht *eḱs, sondern *eĝhs (*eĝzh) angesetzt; eine Annahme, die, für ἐκτός entbehrlich (s. d.), für das unklare ἔσχατος unumgänglich zu sein scheint, vgl. s. v.
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