πλεύμων: Difference between revisions

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κράτιστοι δ᾽ ἂν τὴν ψυχὴν δικαίως κριθεῖεν οἱ τά τε δεινὰ καὶ ἡδέα σαφέστατα γιγνώσκοντες καὶ διὰ ταῦτα μὴ ἀποτρεπόμενοι ἐκ τῶν κινδύνων → the bravest are surely those who have the clearest vision of what is before them, glory and danger alike, and yet notwithstanding, go out to meet it | and they are most rightly reputed valiant who, though they perfectly apprehend both what is dangerous and what is easy, are never the more thereby diverted from adventuring

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|Transliteration C=pleymon
|Transliteration C=pleymon
|Beta Code=pleu/mwn
|Beta Code=pleu/mwn
|Definition=or πνεύμων, ονος, ὁ (on the form and deriv., v. sub fin.), <span class="sense"><span class="bld">A</span> [[the lungs]], πάγη δ' ἐν πλεύμονι χαλκός <span class="bibl">Il.4.528</span>, <span class="bibl">20.486</span> ([[varia lectio|v.l.]]); ὁ τῶν πνευμάτων τῷ σώματι ταμίας ὁ π. <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Ti.</span>84d</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">70c</span>, <span class="bibl">Arist.<span class="title">Resp.</span>476a9</span>, <span class="bibl">LXX <span class="title">3 Ki.</span>22.34</span>: mostly in plural, <span class="bibl">Archil.9.5</span>, <span class="bibl">Alc.39.1</span>, <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Th.</span>61</span>, <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">Tr.</span>567</span>, etc.; διὰ πνευμόνων θερμὸν ἄησιν ὕπνον <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Fr.</span>178</span>A; πνεῦμ' ἀνεὶς ἐκ πλευμόνων <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Or.</span>277</span>; regarded as the most vital part, σπαραγμὸς… πλευμόνων ἀνθήψατο <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">Tr.</span>778</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Lys.</span>367</span>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Ra.</span>474</span>; <b class="b3">πλευμόνων πολὺς πόνος</b> ib.<span class="bibl">829</span>; as the seat of love, [Κύπρις] Διὸς τυραννεῖ πλευμόνων <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">Fr.</span>941.15</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">II</span> [[sea-lungs]], [[jelly-fish]], <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Phlb.</span>21c</span>, <span class="bibl">Arist. <span class="title">PA</span>681a18</span>, <span class="bibl">Thphr.<span class="title">Sign.</span>40</span>, Pytheas ap. <span class="bibl">Plb.34.3.4</span>; term of abuse applied by Epicurus to Nausiphanes, Epicur.<span class="title">Frr.</span>114, 236. (Gramm. differ as to the forms. Eust. (<span class="bibl">483.10</span>, <span class="bibl">1436.62</span>) and Phot. both recognize [[πλεύμων]] as the Homeric and ancient form; this was also the true Att. form, <span class="bibl">Moer. p.309</span> P., Sch.<span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Pax</span>1069</span>, <span class="bibl">Eust.483.10</span>; it is found in the best codd. of <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Th.</span>61</span>, <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">Tr.</span>567</span>, as well as in codd. of Alc. (l.c. ap.<span class="bibl">Ath.10.430b</span>), Hp. (<span class="bibl"><span class="title">Art.</span>41</span>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Prog.</span>23</span>, al., cf. i p.cxx K.), Ar., Pl., and Arist., also in Pap., Phld.<span class="title">Ir.</span>pp.27,28 W., and Inscr., <span class="title">IG</span>42(1).122.56 (Epid., iv B. C.), and is doubtless the original form, which was altered in accordance with a supposed deriv. from [[πνεῦμα]] suggested by <span class="bibl">Arist.<span class="title">Resp.</span>476a9</span>, cf. <span class="bibl"><span class="title">EM</span>677.31</span>. Cf. Lith. [[plaũčiai]] 'lungs', cogn. with [[πλέω]], as 'that which floats', cf. Engl. [[lights]], also [[lungs]], cogn. with [[ἐλαφρός]].) </span>
|Definition=or πνεύμων, ονος, ὁ (on the form and deriv., v. sub fin.), <span class="sense"><span class="bld">A</span> [[the lungs]], πάγη δ' ἐν πλεύμονι χαλκός <span class="bibl">Il.4.528</span>, <span class="bibl">20.486</span> ([[varia lectio|v.l.]]); ὁ τῶν πνευμάτων τῷ σώματι ταμίας ὁ π. <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Ti.</span>84d</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">70c</span>, <span class="bibl">Arist.<span class="title">Resp.</span>476a9</span>, <span class="bibl">[[LXX]] <span class="title">3 Ki.</span>22.34</span>: mostly in plural, <span class="bibl">Archil.9.5</span>, <span class="bibl">Alc.39.1</span>, <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Th.</span>61</span>, <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">Tr.</span>567</span>, etc.; διὰ πνευμόνων θερμὸν ἄησιν ὕπνον <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Fr.</span>178</span>A; πνεῦμ' ἀνεὶς ἐκ πλευμόνων <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Or.</span>277</span>; regarded as the most vital part, σπαραγμὸς… πλευμόνων ἀνθήψατο <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">Tr.</span>778</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Lys.</span>367</span>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Ra.</span>474</span>; <b class="b3">πλευμόνων πολὺς πόνος</b> ib.<span class="bibl">829</span>; as the seat of love, [Κύπρις] Διὸς τυραννεῖ πλευμόνων <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">Fr.</span>941.15</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">II</span> [[sea-lungs]], [[jelly-fish]], <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Phlb.</span>21c</span>, <span class="bibl">Arist. <span class="title">PA</span>681a18</span>, <span class="bibl">Thphr.<span class="title">Sign.</span>40</span>, Pytheas ap. <span class="bibl">Plb.34.3.4</span>; term of abuse applied by Epicurus to Nausiphanes, Epicur.<span class="title">Frr.</span>114, 236. (Gramm. differ as to the forms. Eust. (<span class="bibl">483.10</span>, <span class="bibl">1436.62</span>) and Phot. both recognize [[πλεύμων]] as the Homeric and ancient form; this was also the true Att. form, <span class="bibl">Moer. p.309</span> P., Sch.<span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Pax</span>1069</span>, <span class="bibl">Eust.483.10</span>; it is found in the best codd. of <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Th.</span>61</span>, <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">Tr.</span>567</span>, as well as in codd. of Alc. (l.c. ap.<span class="bibl">Ath.10.430b</span>), Hp. (<span class="bibl"><span class="title">Art.</span>41</span>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Prog.</span>23</span>, al., cf. i p.cxx K.), Ar., Pl., and Arist., also in Pap., Phld.<span class="title">Ir.</span>pp.27,28 W., and Inscr., <span class="title">IG</span>42(1).122.56 (Epid., iv B. C.), and is doubtless the original form, which was altered in accordance with a supposed deriv. from [[πνεῦμα]] suggested by <span class="bibl">Arist.<span class="title">Resp.</span>476a9</span>, cf. <span class="bibl"><span class="title">EM</span>677.31</span>. Cf. Lith. [[plaũčiai]] 'lungs', cogn. with [[πλέω]], as 'that which floats', cf. Engl. [[lights]], also [[lungs]], cogn. with [[ἐλαφρός]].) </span>
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Revision as of 09:00, 15 October 2022

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Full diacritics: πλεύμων Medium diacritics: πλεύμων Low diacritics: πλεύμων Capitals: ΠΛΕΥΜΩΝ
Transliteration A: pleúmōn Transliteration B: pleumōn Transliteration C: pleymon Beta Code: pleu/mwn

English (LSJ)

or πνεύμων, ονος, ὁ (on the form and deriv., v. sub fin.), A the lungs, πάγη δ' ἐν πλεύμονι χαλκός Il.4.528, 20.486 (v.l.); ὁ τῶν πνευμάτων τῷ σώματι ταμίας ὁ π. Pl.Ti.84d, cf. 70c, Arist.Resp.476a9, LXX 3 Ki.22.34: mostly in plural, Archil.9.5, Alc.39.1, A.Th.61, S.Tr.567, etc.; διὰ πνευμόνων θερμὸν ἄησιν ὕπνον A.Fr.178A; πνεῦμ' ἀνεὶς ἐκ πλευμόνων E.Or.277; regarded as the most vital part, σπαραγμὸς… πλευμόνων ἀνθήψατο S.Tr.778, cf. Ar.Lys.367, Ra.474; πλευμόνων πολὺς πόνος ib.829; as the seat of love, [Κύπρις] Διὸς τυραννεῖ πλευμόνων S.Fr.941.15. II sea-lungs, jelly-fish, Pl.Phlb.21c, Arist. PA681a18, Thphr.Sign.40, Pytheas ap. Plb.34.3.4; term of abuse applied by Epicurus to Nausiphanes, Epicur.Frr.114, 236. (Gramm. differ as to the forms. Eust. (483.10, 1436.62) and Phot. both recognize πλεύμων as the Homeric and ancient form; this was also the true Att. form, Moer. p.309 P., Sch.Ar.Pax1069, Eust.483.10; it is found in the best codd. of A.Th.61, S.Tr.567, as well as in codd. of Alc. (l.c. ap.Ath.10.430b), Hp. (Art.41, Prog.23, al., cf. i p.cxx K.), Ar., Pl., and Arist., also in Pap., Phld.Ir.pp.27,28 W., and Inscr., IG42(1).122.56 (Epid., iv B. C.), and is doubtless the original form, which was altered in accordance with a supposed deriv. from πνεῦμα suggested by Arist.Resp.476a9, cf. EM677.31. Cf. Lith. plaũčiai 'lungs', cogn. with πλέω, as 'that which floats', cf. Engl. lights, also lungs, cogn. with ἐλαφρός.)

German (Pape)

[Seite 631] ονος, ὁ, ion. statt πνεύμων, die Lunge; oft im plur., Aesch. Ch. 630; davon durch Buchstabenumstellung das lat. pulmo; auch zuweilen bei Plat. als v.l., Tim. 84 d u. sonst. Bei S. Emp. adv. math. 4 heißt so ein ἀναίσθητος.

French (Bailly abrégé)

ion. et att. c. πνεύμων.

Dutch (Woordenboekgrieks.nl)

πλεύμων -ονος, ὁ, ook πνεύμων [~ πλέω?] long, meestal plur. kwal.

Russian (Dvoretsky)

πλεύμων: Hom. etc. = πνεύμων.

Greek (Liddell-Scott)

πλεύμων: -ονος, ὁ, ἴδε πνεύμων. ΙΙ. εἶδος μαλακίου Pulmo marinus, Πλάτ. Φίληβ. 21C, Ἀριστ. π. τὰ Ζ. Ἱστ. 5. 15. 21.

Greek Monolingual

-ονος, ΜΑ
βλ. πνεύμων.

Greek Monotonic

πλεύμων: -ονος, ὁ, μεταγεν. Αττ. τύπος του πνεύμων.

Frisk Etymological English

-ονος
Grammatical information: m., most pl.
Meaning: lung(s) (Il.), metaph. jellyfish (Pl., Arist.).
Other forms: (second. πνεύμων after πνέω, πνεῦμα).
Compounds: Isolated compp., e.g. πλευμο-ρρωγής with a rupture in the lung (Hp.), ἁλι-πλεύμων m. jellyfish (Marcell. Sid.).
Derivatives: πλευμον-ώδης (πν-) lung-like (Arist.), -ία f. inflammation of the lungs, pneumonia (Com. Adesp., medic.; much more usual the hypostasis περι-πλευμον-ία, -ίη id. [IA.]), -ίς f. id. (Hp.). Professional shortform πλεῦμος m. lung-sickness with πλευμ-άω, v.l. -όω to suffer from lung-sickness (Hp., Gal.).
Origin: IE [Indo-European] [837] *pleu-mon- lung
Etymology: With πλεύμων can be identified Skt. klomán- m. the right lung, pl. the lungs if one assumes a dissimilation k-m from p-m: IE *pleu-mon-; Lat. pulmō lung, if from *plu-mon-, is diff. only in ablaut. Orig. meaning "swimmer", as the lungs (as opposed to hart and liver) when thrown in the water after the slaughtering remain swimming above. A quite deviating fomation shows a cognate Baltoslav. group, e.g. Lith. plaũčiai m. pl., OCS pljušta n. pl., IE *pleu-ti̯o-. -- Details w. lit. in WP. 2, 95f., Pok. 837f., W.-Hofmann, Mayrhofer, Fraenkel s. vv., Vasmer s. pljuče; also Benveniste BSL 52, 40. Further s. πλέω.

Middle Liddell

πλεύμων, ονος, ὁ, later attic form of πνεύμων.]

Frisk Etymology German

πλεύμων: -ονος
{pleúmōn}
Forms: (sekund. πνεύμων nach πνέω, πνεῦμα)
Grammar: m., meist pl.
Meaning: ‘Lunge(n)’ (seit Il.), übertr. Qualle (Pl., Arist. u.a.).
Composita: Vereinzelte Kompp., z.B. πλευμορρωγής mit einem Riss in der Lunge (Hp.), ἁλιπλεύμων m. Qualle (Marcell. Sid.).
Derivative: Davon πλευμονώδης (πν-) lungenähnlich (Arist.), -ία f. Lungenentzündung, Pneumonie (Kom. Adesp., Mediz.; weit gewöhnlicher die Hypostase περιπλευμονία, -ίη ib. [ion. att.]), -ίς f. ib. (Hp.). Berufsmäßige Kurzform πλεῦμος m. Lungenkrankheit mit πλευμάω, v.l. -όω an Lungenkrankheit leiden (Hp., Gal.).
Etymology: Mit πλεύμων läßt sich aind. klomán- m. die rechte Lunge, pl. die Lungen unter Annahme einer Dissimilation k-m aus p-m identiflzieren: idg. *pleu-mon-, Lat. pulmō Lunge, wenn aus *plu-mon-, ist davon nur im Ablaut unterschieden. Urspr. Bedeutung "Schwimmer", weil die Lungen (im Gegensatz zu Herz und Leber) beim Werfen ins Wasser nach dem Schlachten oben schwimmen bleiben. Eine ganz abweichende Bildung zeigt eine verwandte baltoslav. Gruppe, z.B. lit. plaũčiai m. pl., aksl. pljušta n. pl., idg. *pleu-ti̯o-. — Einzelheiten m. Lit. bei WP. 2, 95f., Pok. 837f., W.-Hofmann, Mayrhofer, Fraenkel s. vv., Vasmer s. pljuče; auch Benveniste BSL 52, 40. Weiteres s. πλέω.
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