πλεύμων

English (LSJ)

or πνεύμων, ονος, ὁ (on the form and deriv., v. sub fin.), A the lungs, πάγη δ' ἐν πλεύμονι χαλκός Il.4.528, 20.486 (v.l.); ὁ τῶν πνευμάτων τῷ σώματι ταμίας ὁ π. Pl.Ti.84d, cf. 70c, Arist.Resp.476a9, LXX 3 Ki.22.34: mostly in plural, Archil.9.5, Alc.39.1, A.Th.61, S.Tr.567, etc.; διὰ πνευμόνων θερμὸν ἄησιν ὕπνον A.Fr.178A; πνεῦμ' ἀνεὶς ἐκ πλευμόνων E.Or.277; regarded as the most vital part, σπαραγμὸς… πλευμόνων ἀνθήψατο S.Tr.778, cf. Ar.Lys.367, Ra.474; πλευμόνων πολὺς πόνος ib.829; as the seat of love, [Κύπρις] Διὸς τυραννεῖ πλευμόνων S.Fr.941.15. II sea-lungs, jelly-fish, Pl.Phlb.21c, Arist. PA681a18, Thphr.Sign.40, Pytheas ap. Plb.34.3.4; term of abuse applied by Epicurus to Nausiphanes, Epicur.Frr.114, 236. (Gramm. differ as to the forms. Eust. (483.10, 1436.62) and Phot. both recognize πλεύμων as the Homeric and ancient form; this was also the true Att. form, Moer. p.309 P., Sch.Ar.Pax1069, Eust.483.10; it is found in the best codd. of A.Th.61, S.Tr.567, as well as in codd. of Alc. (l.c. ap.Ath.10.430b), Hp. (Art.41, Prog.23, al., cf. i p.cxx K.), Ar., Pl., and Arist., also in Pap., Phld.Ir.pp.27,28 W., and Inscr., IG42(1).122.56 (Epid., iv B. C.), and is doubtless the original form, which was altered in accordance with a supposed deriv. from πνεῦμα suggested by Arist.Resp.476a9, cf. EM677.31. Cf. Lith. plaũčiai 'lungs', cogn. with πλέω, as 'that which floats', cf. Engl. lights, also lungs, cogn. with ἐλαφρός.)

German (Pape)

[Seite 631] ονος, ὁ, ion. statt πνεύμων, die Lunge; oft im plur., Aesch. Ch. 630; davon durch Buchstabenumstellung das lat. pulmo; auch zuweilen bei Plat. als v.l., Tim. 84 d u. sonst. Bei S. Emp. adv. math. 4 heißt so ein ἀναίσθητος.

French (Bailly abrégé)

ion. et att. c. πνεύμων.

Dutch (Woordenboekgrieks.nl)

πλεύμων -ονος, ὁ, ook πνεύμων [~ πλέω?] long, meestal plur. kwal.

Russian (Dvoretsky)

πλεύμων: Hom. etc. = πνεύμων.

Greek (Liddell-Scott)

πλεύμων: -ονος, ὁ, ἴδε πνεύμων. ΙΙ. εἶδος μαλακίου Pulmo marinus, Πλάτ. Φίληβ. 21C, Ἀριστ. π. τὰ Ζ. Ἱστ. 5. 15. 21.

Greek Monolingual

-ονος, ΜΑ
βλ. πνεύμων.

Greek Monotonic

πλεύμων: -ονος, ὁ, μεταγεν. Αττ. τύπος του πνεύμων.

Frisk Etymological English

-ονος
Grammatical information: m., most pl.
Meaning: lung(s) (Il.), metaph. jellyfish (Pl., Arist.).
Other forms: (second. πνεύμων after πνέω, πνεῦμα).
Compounds: Isolated compp., e.g. πλευμο-ρρωγής with a rupture in the lung (Hp.), ἁλι-πλεύμων m. jellyfish (Marcell. Sid.).
Derivatives: πλευμον-ώδης (πν-) lung-like (Arist.), -ία f. inflammation of the lungs, pneumonia (Com. Adesp., medic.; much more usual the hypostasis περι-πλευμον-ία, -ίη id. [IA.]), -ίς f. id. (Hp.). Professional shortform πλεῦμος m. lung-sickness with πλευμ-άω, v.l. -όω to suffer from lung-sickness (Hp., Gal.).
Origin: IE [Indo-European] [837] *pleu-mon- lung
Etymology: With πλεύμων can be identified Skt. klomán- m. the right lung, pl. the lungs if one assumes a dissimilation k-m from p-m: IE *pleu-mon-; Lat. pulmō lung, if from *plu-mon-, is diff. only in ablaut. Orig. meaning "swimmer", as the lungs (as opposed to hart and liver) when thrown in the water after the slaughtering remain swimming above. A quite deviating fomation shows a cognate Baltoslav. group, e.g. Lith. plaũčiai m. pl., OCS pljušta n. pl., IE *pleu-ti̯o-. -- Details w. lit. in WP. 2, 95f., Pok. 837f., W.-Hofmann, Mayrhofer, Fraenkel s. vv., Vasmer s. pljuče; also Benveniste BSL 52, 40. Further s. πλέω.

Middle Liddell

πλεύμων, ονος, ὁ, later attic form of πνεύμων.]

Frisk Etymology German

πλεύμων: -ονος
{pleúmōn}
Forms: (sekund. πνεύμων nach πνέω, πνεῦμα)
Grammar: m., meist pl.
Meaning: ‘Lunge(n)’ (seit Il.), übertr. Qualle (Pl., Arist. u.a.).
Composita: Vereinzelte Kompp., z.B. πλευμορρωγής mit einem Riss in der Lunge (Hp.), ἁλιπλεύμων m. Qualle (Marcell. Sid.).
Derivative: Davon πλευμονώδης (πν-) lungenähnlich (Arist.), -ία f. Lungenentzündung, Pneumonie (Kom. Adesp., Mediz.; weit gewöhnlicher die Hypostase περιπλευμονία, -ίη ib. [ion. att.]), -ίς f. ib. (Hp.). Berufsmäßige Kurzform πλεῦμος m. Lungenkrankheit mit πλευμάω, v.l. -όω an Lungenkrankheit leiden (Hp., Gal.).
Etymology: Mit πλεύμων läßt sich aind. klomán- m. die rechte Lunge, pl. die Lungen unter Annahme einer Dissimilation k-m aus p-m identiflzieren: idg. *pleu-mon-, Lat. pulmō Lunge, wenn aus *plu-mon-, ist davon nur im Ablaut unterschieden. Urspr. Bedeutung "Schwimmer", weil die Lungen (im Gegensatz zu Herz und Leber) beim Werfen ins Wasser nach dem Schlachten oben schwimmen bleiben. Eine ganz abweichende Bildung zeigt eine verwandte baltoslav. Gruppe, z.B. lit. plaũčiai m. pl., aksl. pljušta n. pl., idg. *pleu-ti̯o-. — Einzelheiten m. Lit. bei WP. 2, 95f., Pok. 837f., W.-Hofmann, Mayrhofer, Fraenkel s. vv., Vasmer s. pljuče; auch Benveniste BSL 52, 40. Weiteres s. πλέω.
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