ἀθήρ

English (LSJ)

έρος, ὁ,

   A awn, πυραμίνους ἀ. Hes.Fr.117; εἴσδυσις οὐδ' ἀθέρι prob. l. in Lyr.Adesp.2 B, cf. X. Oec.18.1, Arist.HA595b27:—in pl., chaff, Luc.Anach.31; χωρὶς δείσης καὶ ἀθέρος POxy.988 (iii A.D.).    II barb of a weapon, A.Fr.154, Hp.Epid.5.49, Plu.Cat.Mi.70.    III spine or prickle of a fish, prob. in Ath.7.303d.

German (Pape)

[Seite 46] έρος, ὁ, die Hachel an der Aehre (Schol. ad Luc. Anach. 25 τὰ τοῦ ἀστάχυος κέντρα), die Aehre selbst, Hes. frg. 2, 2; Nic. Th. 802; bei Aesch. frg. 138 Lanzenspitze; bei Plut. Cat. min. 70 die Schneide des Dolches. Uebertr. οὐ γὰρ καλάμη καὶ ἀθέρες ὑμεῖς ἐστε Luc. Anach. 31, Spreu.

Greek (Liddell-Scott)

ἀθήρ: έρος, ὁ ἀθέρας, ἤτοι ἡ ἀκὶς τοῦ στάχυος τοῦ σίτου ἢ αὐτὸς ὁ στάχυς, Λατ. spica, Ἡσ. Ἀποσπ. 2. 2. Ἀριστ. Ἱ. Ζ. 8. 8, 1., λέπυρον, ἄχυρον, Λουκ. Ἀναχ. 31. ΙΙ. αἰχμὴ ὅπλου, Αἰσχύλ. Ἀποσπ. 153. Ἱππ. 496. 54., 1153Η, Πλουτ. Κάτ. Νεώτ. 70· (περὶ τῆς ῥίζης ἴδε ἐν λέξ. ἄνθος).

French (Bailly abrégé)

έρος (ὁ) :
barbe d’épi ; p. anal. pointe de lance, de javelot, d’épée.
Étymologie: cf. ἄνθος.

Spanish (DGE)

-έρος, ὁ

• Prosodia: [ᾰ-]
I 1arista del trigo, la cebada, etc. πυραμίνων ἀ. Hes.Fr.62, cf. X.Oec.18.1, Arist.HA 595^b27, Thphr.CP 4.7.4, Nic.Th.803, AP 11.91 (Lucill.), Ael.NA 8.9, Sch.Theoc.1.52a, Gloss.2.25.
2 cascabillo Hp.Morb.3.17, SB 16172.10 (III d.C.), plu., Luc.Anach.31.
II fig.
1 lengüeta, punta de flecha o espada, A.Fr.154, Hp.Epid.5.49, Philonid.12, Plu.Cat.Mi.70.
2 lengua de fuego πυρὸς δ' ἀθήρ E.Fr.665a.
3 aleta de pescado, Ath.303d.
4 aguja εἴσδυσις οὐδ' ἀθέρι SHell.253.1.

• Etimología: Parece indudable la relación de ἀ., ἀθερίνη, ἀθερώδης, etc. c. el grupo que presenta ἀνθ- como ἀνθέριξ, ἀνθέρικος, etc. La alternancia ἀθ-/ἀνθ- es oscura: postular *andher/n̥dher es posible, así como suponer influencia analógica de ἄνθος. Quizá se trate de palabras de sustrato pregriego.

Greek Monotonic

ἀθήρ: -έρος, ὁ,
I. 1. αθέρας, στάχυ σιταριού, σε Ησίοδ.
2. φλούδα σιταριού, άχυρο, σε Λουκ.
II. αιχμή όπλου, σε Αισχύλ. κ.λπ.

Russian (Dvoretsky)

ἀθήρ: έρος (ᾰ) ὁ
1) ость (колоса) Hes., Arst.;
2) мякина, полова (καλάμη καὶ ἀθέρες Luc.);
3) острие, наконечник (оружия) Aesch., Plut.

Frisk Etymological English

-έρος
Grammatical information: m.
Meaning: awn, pl. chaff, barb of a weapon, spine or prickle of a fish, also the edge of a weapon (Hes.),
Other forms: With a nasal: ἀνθέριξ, -ικος m. = ἀθήρ, ear (Il.), ἀνθέρικος m. stalk of asphodel, asphodel-plant (Hp.). With -εών: ἀνθερεών, -ῶνος m. chin (Il.)?. From *ἀνθερο- (Bechtel Lex. s. ἀνθερεών, Krogmann Glotta 23, 220ff.) as hervorragend.
Compounds: ἀθηρηλοιγός winnowing-fan (from consumer of chaff); Od. λ 128 = δ 275); the η's surprise.
Derivatives: ἀθερίνη f., -ῖνος m. kind of smelt, Atherina hepsetus (Arist.), cf. Chantr. Form. 204, Thompson Fishes s. v.
Origin: PG [a word of Pre-Greek origin]X [probably] [41]
Etymology: No etym. IE ablaut *andh- : *n̥dh- is impossible as the (correct) forms *h₂(e)ndh- would both give Gr. ἀνθ-. The nasalized forms could be due to folk-etym., but rather point to Pre-Greek prenasalization. Fur. 296 further adduces ἀνθερίσκος = ἀνθερικ- with σκ\/κ; perhaps also ἄνθρυσκον \/ ἐ-, q.v. Not to Lat. ador because of the meaning and because this belongs to Iran. adu, Goth. atisk, Szemerényi Studi Pisani 2, 958f. (The word has nothing to do with ἀνθρήνη, ἀνθρηδών, ἄνθρωπος.)