ἰχθῦς: Difference between revisions
Ἀλλ' ὑπ' ἐλπίδων ἄνδρας τὸ κέρδος πολλάκις διώλεσεν → But the profit-motive has destroyed many people in their hope for gain
m (Text replacement - " <span class="bld">" to "<span class="bld">") |
m (Text replacement - "prov." to "prov.") |
||
Line 8: | Line 8: | ||
|Transliteration C=ichthys | |Transliteration C=ichthys | ||
|Beta Code=i)xqu=s | |Beta Code=i)xqu=s | ||
|Definition=(so Hdn.Gr.2.936, [[ἰχθῦς]] and [[ἰχθύς]] freq. in codd.), ἰχθύος, ὁ, acc. <span class="sense"><span class="bld">A</span> ἰχθύν <span class="bibl">Pi.<span class="title">Fr.</span>306</span>, cf. Hdn.Gr.<span class="bibl">1.416</span>, <span class="bibl">Choerob.<span class="title">in Theod.</span>1.383</span>, in late Poets also ἰχθύα <span class="title">AP</span>9.227 (Bianor), <span class="bibl">Theoc.21.45</span>: voc. [[ἰχθύ]] <span class="bibl">Erinn. 1</span>, <span class="bibl">Crates Com.14</span>: pl. ἰχθύες <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Phd.</span>109e</span>, etc., ἰχθῦς <span class="bibl">Alex.261.9</span>, acc. [[ἰχθύας]], contr. ἰχθῦς <span class="bibl">Od.5.53</span>, both forms being used in Com., [[ἰχθῦς]] <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Ra.</span>1068</span>, <span class="bibl">Archipp.29</span>, -ύας <span class="bibl">Antiph.68.12</span>, <span class="bibl">Ephipp.21</span>; codd. vary in <span class="bibl">Arist.<span class="title">HA</span>564b19</span>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">PA</span>644a21</span>, <span class="bibl">D.S.5.3</span>, <span class="bibl">Str.8.3.19</span>, etc.; -ῦς <span class="title">SIG</span>997.1 (Smyrna, perh. i B.C.); -ύας <span class="bibl"><span class="title">BGU</span>1123.9</span> (Aug.), etc.: dual ἰχθῦ <span class="bibl">Antiph.194.15</span>:—[[fish]], [[ὠμηστής]] <span class="bibl">Il.24.82</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">21.122</span>, al., cf. <span class="bibl">Hes.<span class="title">Op.</span>277</span>, <span class="bibl">Hdt.2.93</span>,<span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">Aj.</span>1297</span>,etc.: prov., [[ἀφωνότερος τῶν ἰχθύων]] or [[ἰχθύος ἀφωνότερος]] or [[ἄφωνος ὡς ἰχθύς]] <span class="bibl">Luc.<span class="title">Gall.</span>1</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">S.E.<span class="title">M.</span>2.18</span>: metaph., of a [[stupid fellow]], [[speechless]], [[dumber than fish]], [[magis mutus ipsis piscibus]], [[mutus ipsis piscibus]], Plu.2.975b. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">II</span> in pl., [[οἱ ἰχθύες]] = the [[fish-market]] at Athens, [[παρὰ τοὺς ἰχθῦς]] <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Ra.</span>1068</span>; [[ἐν τοῖς ἰχθύσι]] <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">V.</span>789</span>, <span class="bibl">Antiph.125.1</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">III</span> pl. [[Ἰχθύες]], the constellation [[Pisces]], Eudox. ap. <span class="bibl">Hipparch.1.2.3</span>; ἰ. Διός <span class="bibl">Porph. <span class="title">Antr.</span>22</span>. ([[ἱχθύς]] Att. acc. to Gell.2.3.2.) [ῡ in disyll. cases, nom. -ῡς <span class="bibl">Il.21.127</span>, <span class="bibl">Damox.2.20</span>, <span class="bibl">Archestr.<span class="title">Fr.</span>52</span> ([[ἰχθῦς οὖσα]] should be read for [[ἰχθὺς ἐοῦσα]] in <span class="bibl">Matro <span class="title">Conv.</span>35</span>), acc. -ῡν <span class="bibl">Pherecr.120</span>, <span class="bibl">Antiph.166.7</span>, <span class="bibl">Archestr.<span class="title">Fr.</span>28</span>, but -ῠν <span class="bibl">Theoc.21.49</span>, and apptly. Pi. l.c.: ῠ in trisyll. cases and in all compds.] (Cf. Lith. <b class="b2">žuvìs</b>, Arm. [[jukn]], 'fish'.)</span> | |Definition=(so Hdn.Gr.2.936, [[ἰχθῦς]] and [[ἰχθύς]] freq. in codd.), ἰχθύος, ὁ, acc. <span class="sense"><span class="bld">A</span> ἰχθύν <span class="bibl">Pi.<span class="title">Fr.</span>306</span>, cf. Hdn.Gr.<span class="bibl">1.416</span>, <span class="bibl">Choerob.<span class="title">in Theod.</span>1.383</span>, in late Poets also ἰχθύα <span class="title">AP</span>9.227 (Bianor), <span class="bibl">Theoc.21.45</span>: voc. [[ἰχθύ]] <span class="bibl">Erinn. 1</span>, <span class="bibl">Crates Com.14</span>: pl. ἰχθύες <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Phd.</span>109e</span>, etc., ἰχθῦς <span class="bibl">Alex.261.9</span>, acc. [[ἰχθύας]], contr. ἰχθῦς <span class="bibl">Od.5.53</span>, both forms being used in Com., [[ἰχθῦς]] <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Ra.</span>1068</span>, <span class="bibl">Archipp.29</span>, -ύας <span class="bibl">Antiph.68.12</span>, <span class="bibl">Ephipp.21</span>; codd. vary in <span class="bibl">Arist.<span class="title">HA</span>564b19</span>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">PA</span>644a21</span>, <span class="bibl">D.S.5.3</span>, <span class="bibl">Str.8.3.19</span>, etc.; -ῦς <span class="title">SIG</span>997.1 (Smyrna, perh. i B.C.); -ύας <span class="bibl"><span class="title">BGU</span>1123.9</span> (Aug.), etc.: dual ἰχθῦ <span class="bibl">Antiph.194.15</span>:—[[fish]], [[ὠμηστής]] <span class="bibl">Il.24.82</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">21.122</span>, al., cf. <span class="bibl">Hes.<span class="title">Op.</span>277</span>, <span class="bibl">Hdt.2.93</span>,<span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">Aj.</span>1297</span>,etc.: [[proverb|prov.]], [[ἀφωνότερος τῶν ἰχθύων]] or [[ἰχθύος ἀφωνότερος]] or [[ἄφωνος ὡς ἰχθύς]] <span class="bibl">Luc.<span class="title">Gall.</span>1</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">S.E.<span class="title">M.</span>2.18</span>: metaph., of a [[stupid fellow]], [[speechless]], [[dumber than fish]], [[magis mutus ipsis piscibus]], [[mutus ipsis piscibus]], Plu.2.975b. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">II</span> in pl., [[οἱ ἰχθύες]] = the [[fish-market]] at Athens, [[παρὰ τοὺς ἰχθῦς]] <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Ra.</span>1068</span>; [[ἐν τοῖς ἰχθύσι]] <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">V.</span>789</span>, <span class="bibl">Antiph.125.1</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">III</span> pl. [[Ἰχθύες]], the constellation [[Pisces]], Eudox. ap. <span class="bibl">Hipparch.1.2.3</span>; ἰ. Διός <span class="bibl">Porph. <span class="title">Antr.</span>22</span>. ([[ἱχθύς]] Att. acc. to Gell.2.3.2.) [ῡ in disyll. cases, nom. -ῡς <span class="bibl">Il.21.127</span>, <span class="bibl">Damox.2.20</span>, <span class="bibl">Archestr.<span class="title">Fr.</span>52</span> ([[ἰχθῦς οὖσα]] should be read for [[ἰχθὺς ἐοῦσα]] in <span class="bibl">Matro <span class="title">Conv.</span>35</span>), acc. -ῡν <span class="bibl">Pherecr.120</span>, <span class="bibl">Antiph.166.7</span>, <span class="bibl">Archestr.<span class="title">Fr.</span>28</span>, but -ῠν <span class="bibl">Theoc.21.49</span>, and apptly. Pi. l.c.: ῠ in trisyll. cases and in all compds.] (Cf. Lith. <b class="b2">žuvìs</b>, Arm. [[jukn]], 'fish'.)</span> | ||
<span class="sense"><span class="bld">IV</span> [[ΙΧΘΥΣ]], abbreviation of: [[Ἰησοῦς Χριστός Θεοῦ Υἱός Σωτήρ]] = [[Jesus Christ, Son of God, Saviour]]</span> | <span class="sense"><span class="bld">IV</span> [[ΙΧΘΥΣ]], abbreviation of: [[Ἰησοῦς Χριστός Θεοῦ Υἱός Σωτήρ]] = [[Jesus Christ, Son of God, Saviour]]</span> | ||
}} | }} |
Revision as of 13:16, 13 March 2021
English (LSJ)
(so Hdn.Gr.2.936, ἰχθῦς and ἰχθύς freq. in codd.), ἰχθύος, ὁ, acc. A ἰχθύν Pi.Fr.306, cf. Hdn.Gr.1.416, Choerob.in Theod.1.383, in late Poets also ἰχθύα AP9.227 (Bianor), Theoc.21.45: voc. ἰχθύ Erinn. 1, Crates Com.14: pl. ἰχθύες Pl.Phd.109e, etc., ἰχθῦς Alex.261.9, acc. ἰχθύας, contr. ἰχθῦς Od.5.53, both forms being used in Com., ἰχθῦς Ar.Ra.1068, Archipp.29, -ύας Antiph.68.12, Ephipp.21; codd. vary in Arist.HA564b19, PA644a21, D.S.5.3, Str.8.3.19, etc.; -ῦς SIG997.1 (Smyrna, perh. i B.C.); -ύας BGU1123.9 (Aug.), etc.: dual ἰχθῦ Antiph.194.15:—fish, ὠμηστής Il.24.82, cf. 21.122, al., cf. Hes.Op.277, Hdt.2.93,S.Aj.1297,etc.: prov., ἀφωνότερος τῶν ἰχθύων or ἰχθύος ἀφωνότερος or ἄφωνος ὡς ἰχθύς Luc.Gall.1, cf. S.E.M.2.18: metaph., of a stupid fellow, speechless, dumber than fish, magis mutus ipsis piscibus, mutus ipsis piscibus, Plu.2.975b. II in pl., οἱ ἰχθύες = the fish-market at Athens, παρὰ τοὺς ἰχθῦς Ar.Ra.1068; ἐν τοῖς ἰχθύσι Id.V.789, Antiph.125.1. III pl. Ἰχθύες, the constellation Pisces, Eudox. ap. Hipparch.1.2.3; ἰ. Διός Porph. Antr.22. (ἱχθύς Att. acc. to Gell.2.3.2.) [ῡ in disyll. cases, nom. -ῡς Il.21.127, Damox.2.20, Archestr.Fr.52 (ἰχθῦς οὖσα should be read for ἰχθὺς ἐοῦσα in Matro Conv.35), acc. -ῡν Pherecr.120, Antiph.166.7, Archestr.Fr.28, but -ῠν Theoc.21.49, and apptly. Pi. l.c.: ῠ in trisyll. cases and in all compds.] (Cf. Lith. žuvìs, Arm. jukn, 'fish'.) IV ΙΧΘΥΣ, abbreviation of: Ἰησοῦς Χριστός Θεοῦ Υἱός Σωτήρ = Jesus Christ, Son of God, Saviour
Spanish
Frisk Etymological English
-ύος
Grammatical information: m.
Meaning: fish (Il.; on the accent Schwyzer 377f. and Berger Münch. Stud. zur Sprachwiss. 3, 7).
Compounds: Often as 1. member, mostly with added ο, e. g. ἰχθυο-πώλης (Com.) beside ἰχθυ-βόλος (A., AP ; -βολεύς Nic., Call.; Boßhardt Die Nom. auf -ευς 64). As 2. member in ἄν-, εὔ-, πολύ-ϊχθυς (Str.), also πολυ-ΐχθυος (h. Ap. 417; metr. easy).
Derivatives: Diminutivum ἰχθύδιον (Com., pap., prob. from -υ-ΐδιον > -ύδιον; later -υ-; Schwyzer 199 and Fraenkel Nom. ag. 2, 177f.; diff. Chantraine Formation 70). Othe subst.: ἰχθύα, Ion. -ύη dried fish(skin), fishery (medic., pap.); ἰχθυήματα pl. (rarely sg.) fish-scales (Hp.); ἰχθυΐα fishery (Procl.; cf. Scheller Oxytonierung 41); ἰχθυεῖον fishmarket (Nesos; uncertain); ἰχθυόνερ ἰχθυαγωγοί H.; cf. Schwyzer 487. - Adjectives: ἰχθυόεις rich in fish, consisting of fish (H.; on the formation Debrunner Ἀντίδωρον 28ff.); ἰχθυώδης rich in fish, fish-like (Hdt.); ἰχθυηρός consisting of fish, scaly, polluted (Ar., Ph.; on the unpleasant side Chantraine Formation 233), ἰχθυηρά f. fish-taxes (pap.; Mayser 1 : 3, 96); ἰχθυϊκός regarding fish, fish-like (LXX), -ική fish-toll (Magnesia, Ephesos); ἰχθυακός id. (Aq., Sm., Thd.); ἰχθύϊνος id. (Ael.). - Verbs: ἰχθυάω fish, also intr. behave like a fish (Od.), also ἰχθυάζομαι fish (AP). Cf. the derivv. of ἅλς : ἁλι-εύς, -εύω, -εία etc., which compete with the ἰχθῦς-group.
Origin: IE [Indo-European] [416] *dǵhuH- fish
Etymology: Old word for fish in gen., found in Armenian and Baltic: Arm. ju-kn (with the same enlargement as in mu-kn : μῦς), Lith. žuvìs, gen. pl. žuv-ų̃, Latv. zuvs. On the Greek vowelprothesis Schwyzer 413; on the initial consonants ibd. 325, Deroy L'Ant. class. 23, 306ff., Merlingen Μνήμης χάριν 2, 53; cf. on ἰκτῖνος, χθών and χθές. The long vowel represents a laryngeal. The word is now reconstructed *dǵhuH-. - Beside the central word ἰχθῦς- jukn - žuvìs there was in the West (Latin, Celtic, Germanic) a different word for fish, Lat. piscis, OIr. īasc, NHG Fisch.
Frisk Etymology German
ἰχθῦς: -ύος
{ikhthũs}
Grammar: m.
Meaning: Fisch (seit Il.; zum Akzent Schwyzer 377f. und Berger Münch. Stud. zur Sprachwiss. 3, 7).
Composita : Oft als Vorderglied, meist durch ο erweitert, z. B. ἰχθυοπώλης (Kom. usw.) gegenüber ἰχθυβόλος (A., AP u. a.; -βολεύς Nik., Kall. u. a.; Boßhardt Die Nom. auf -ευς 64). Als Hinterglied in ἄν-, εὔ-, πολύϊχθυς u. a. (Str. usw.), auch πολυΐχθυος (h. Ap. 417; metr. bequem).
Derivative: Mehrere Ableitungen: Deminutivum ἰχθύδιον (Kom., Pap. usw., wohl zunächst aus -υΐδιον > -ύ̄διον; Spätere -υ-; Schwyzer 199 mit Fraenkel Nom. ag. 2, 177f. u. A.; anders Chantraine Formation 70). Andere Substantiva: ἰχθύα, ion. -ύη getrocknete Fischhaut, getrockneter Fisch, Fischerei (Mediz., Pap. u. a.); ἰχθυήματα pl. (selten sg.) Fischschuppen (Hp.); ἰχθυΐα Fischerei (Prokl.; vgl. Scheller Oxytonierung 41); ἰχθυεῖον Fischmarkt (Nesos; unsicher); ἰχθυόνερ· ἰχθυαγωγοί H.; vgl. Schwyzer 487. — Adjektiva: ἰχθυόεις ‘fischreich, aus Fisch(en) bestehend’ (ep. poet. seit H.; zur Bildung Debrunner Ἀντίδωρον 28ff.); ἰχθυώδης fischreich, fischartig (Hdt. u. a.); ἰχθυηρός ‘aus Fisch(en) bestehend, schuppig, verunreinigt’ (Ar., Ph. u. a.; zum Nebensinn des Unangenehmen Chantraine Formation 233), ἰχθυηρά f. Fischsteuer (Pap.; Mayser 1 : 3, 96); ἰχθυϊκός ‘auf Fisch(e) bezüglich, fischartig’ (LXX u. a.), -ική Fischzoll (Magnesia, Ephesos); ἰχθυακός ib. (Aq., Sm., Thd. u. a.); ἰχθύϊνος ib. (Ael.). — Verba: ἰχθυάω fischen, auch intr. sich wie ein Fisch benehmen (ep. seit Od.), erweitert ἰχθυάζομαι fischen (AP). Vgl. die Ableitungen von ἅλς : ἁλιεύς, -εύω, -εία usw., die im Gebrauch mit der ἰχθῦς-Gruppe konkurrierten und sie teilweise ersetzten.
Etymology : Altes Wort für Fisch im allg., das indessen auf das Armenische und das Baltische beschränkt ist: arm. ju-kn (mit derselben Erweiterung wie in mu-kn : μῦς), lit. žuvìs, Gen. pl. žuv-ų̃, lett. zuvs. Zur griechischen Vokalprothese Schwyzer 413; zu der ungelösten Frage nach dem ursprünglichen konsonantischen Anlaut ebd. 325, Deroy L’Ant. class. 23, 306ff., Merlingen Μνήμης χάριν 2, 53; vgl. zu ἰκτῖνος, χθών und χθές. Die Vokallänge in ἰχθῦς will Specht KZ 59, 280ff. (ebenso Schwyzer 350) auf vorgr. Dehnung in einsilbigen Wörtern zurückführen; dagegen Kretschmer Glotta 22, 240f. — Neben dem auf das idg. Zentralgebiet beschränkten ἰχθῦς- jukn — žuvìs gab es im Westen (Latein, Keltisch, Germanisch) ein anderes Wort für Fisch, lat. piscis, air. īasc, nhd. Fisch (russ. piskárь gemeiner Gründling, Cyprinus Gobio bleibt fern, s. Vasmer Russ. et. Wb. s. v.).
Page 1,745-746