θεός: Difference between revisions
νὺξ μὲν ἐμὸν κατέχει ζωῆς φάος ὑπνοδοτείρη → sleep-giving night hath quenched my light of life | sleep-giving night covers my light of life | night, the giver of sleep, holds the light of my life
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|Definition=ὁ, Boeot. θιός, Lacon. σιός (v. infr.), Cypr., Cret. θιός <span class="title">Inscr.Cypr.</span>135.27 H., <span class="title">Leg.Gort.</span>1.1, Dor. also θεύς <span class="bibl">Call.<span class="title">Cer.</span>58</span>; acc. <b class="b3">θεῦν</b> v.l. ib.<span class="bibl">130</span>; voc. (only late) <b class="b3">θεός</b>, also <span class="sense"><p> <span class="bld">A</span> θεέ <span class="bibl">LXX<span class="title">De.</span>3.24</span>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Ev.Matt.</span> 27.46</span>, <span class="title">PMag.Lond.</span>121.529, etc.; but classical in compd. names, <b class="b3">Ἀμφίθεε, Τιμόθεε</b>:—<b class="b2">God, the Deity</b>, in general sense, both sg. and pl. (εἰ καὶ ἐπὶ θεοὺς καὶ ἔτι μᾶλλον ἐπὶ θεὸν ἁρμόζει μεταφέρειν <span class="bibl">Plot.6.8.1</span>), <b class="b3">θ. δὲ τὸ μὲν δώσει τὸ δ' ἐάσει</b> <span class="title">God</span> will grant... <span class="bibl">Od.14.444</span>; οὐδέ κεν ἄλλως οὐδὲ θ. τεύξειε <span class="bibl">8.177</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">3.231</span>, <span class="bibl">Il.13.730</span> (also θεὸς Ζεύς <span class="bibl">Od.4.236</span>, <span class="bibl">14.327</span>); θ. καὶ ἀγαθὴ τύχη <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Lg.</span>757e</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">Timocl.3</span> D.; σὺν θεῷ <span class="bibl">Il.9.49</span>, <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">Aj.</span>765</span>, etc. (less freq. <b class="b3">ξὺν τῷ θ</b>. ib.<span class="bibl">383</span>); <b class="b3">σὺν θ. εἰρημένον</b> <span class="bibl">Hdt.1.86</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">3.153</span>; σὺν θ. εἰπεῖν <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Prt.</span>317b</span>: so in pl., σύν γε θεοῖσιν <span class="bibl">Il.24.430</span>; οὔ τοι ἄνευ θεοῦ <span class="bibl">Od.2.372</span>; <b class="b3">οὐ θεῶν ἄτερ</b> pi.<span class="title">P.</span>5.76; ἐκ θεόφι <span class="bibl">Il.17.101</span>; <b class="b3">ὑπὲρ θεόν</b> <b class="b2">against his will</b>, <span class="bibl">17.327</span>; ἂν θ. θέλῃ <span class="bibl">Alex. 231</span>; θ. θέλοντος <span class="bibl">Men.<span class="title">Mon.</span>671</span>: in pl., ἂν θεοὶ θέλωσιν <span class="bibl">Alex.247</span>; <b class="b3">θεῶν</b> <b class="b3">συνεθελόντων, βουλομένων</b>, <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">Eq.Mag.</span>9.8</span>, <span class="bibl">Luc.<span class="title">Macr.</span>29</span>; εἰ ὀρθῶς ἢ μή, θ. οἶδε <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Phdr.</span>266b</span>, cf.<span class="bibl"><span class="title">R.</span>517b</span>, etc.; in oaths, θ. ἴστω <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">OC</span>522</span> (lyr.), etc.; πρὸς θεῶν <span class="bibl">Hdt.5.49</span>, <span class="bibl">D.1.15</span>, etc.: τοὺς θεούς σοι <b class="b2">bless you! good heavens! for heaven's sake!</b> <span class="bibl">M.Ant.7.17</span>, <span class="bibl">Arr.<span class="title">Epict.</span>2.19.15</span>, al.; <b class="b3">τὸν θ. σοι</b> ib.<span class="bibl">3.7.19</span>, al.: qualified by τις, <span class="bibl">Od.9.142</span>, etc.; οὐκ ἄνευ θεῶν τινος <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Pers.</span>164</span> (troch.), <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Ba.</span>764</span>; κατὰ θεόν τινα <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">IA</span>411</span>, <span class="bibl">Pl. <span class="title">Euthd.</span>272e</span>; κατὰ θεόν πως εἰρημένα <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Lg.</span>682a</span>: doubled in poets, θεὸν θεόν τις ἀγλαϊζέτω <span class="bibl">B.3.21</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">Diagor.1</span>; θεοὶ θεοὶ τῶν ἀδίκων μέλουσι <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">HF</span>772</span>, cf. Paus.Gr.<span class="title">Fr.</span>203; <b class="b3">θεοί</b> (Cret. <b class="b3">θιοί</b>) as an opening formula in Inscrr. (sc. <b class="b3">τύχην ἀγαθὴν διδοῖεν</b>), <span class="title">Leg.Gort.</span>1.1, <span class="title">IG</span> 12.52, etc.: sg., <b class="b3">θ. τύχη</b> ib.5(2).1, etc.: in Prose also with the Art., ὁ θ. πάντων ἂν εἴη αἴτιος <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">R.</span>379c</span>, cf. <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Lg.</span>716c</span>, etc.; <b class="b3">τὰ πρὸς τοὺς θ., τὰ παρὰ τῶν θ</b>., <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">Mem.</span>1.3.1</span>, <span class="bibl">2.6.8</span>. </span><span class="sense"> <span class="bld">b</span> <b class="b3">θεοί</b>, opp. ἄνδρες, πατὴρ ἀνδρῶν τε θεῶν τε <span class="bibl">Il.1.544</span>; ὃν Ξάνθον καλέουσι θ., ἄνδρες δὲ Σκάμανδρον <span class="bibl">20.74</span>: in Comparisons, θεοῖσιν ἶσ' ἔθελε φρονέειν <span class="bibl">5.440</span>; θεοῖς ἐναλίγκια μήδεα <span class="bibl">Od.13.89</span>; also in sg., θεῷ ἐναλίγκιος αὐδήν <span class="bibl">Il.19.250</span>; θεὸς ὥς <span class="bibl">5.78</span>; ὥς τε θεός <span class="bibl">3.381</span>: prov., <b class="b3">θεὸς πρὸς ἀνθρώπους</b>, of an 'angel's visit', <span class="bibl">Herod.1.9</span>. </span><span class="sense"> <span class="bld">c</span> of special divinities, <b class="b3">νέρτεροι θ</b>. <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Pers.</span>622</span>, <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">Ant.</span>602</span> (lyr.); <b class="b3">ἐνέρτεροι θ</b>. <span class="bibl">Il.15.225</span>; <b class="b3">οἱ κάτωθεν θ</b>. <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">Ant.</span>1070</span>; θ. οὐράνιοι <span class="bibl"><span class="title">h.Cer.</span>55</span>, <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Ag.</span>90</span> (anap.); <b class="b3">οἱ δώδεκα θ</b>. <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Eq.</span>235</span>, <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">Eq.Mag.</span>3.2</span>, <span class="title">IG</span>22.30, etc.; <b class="b3">μὰ τοὺς δώδεκα θ</b>. <span class="bibl">Men.<span class="title">Sam.</span>91</span>; in dual, <b class="b3">τὼ σιώ</b> (Lacon.), of Castor and Pollux, <b class="b3">ναὶ τὼ σ</b>. <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">An.</span>6.6.34</span>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">HG</span>4.4.10</span>, <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Lys.</span>81</span>: so in Boeot., of Amphion and Zethus, <b class="b3">νεὶ τὼ σιώ</b> (leg. <b class="b3">θιώ</b>) <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Ach.</span>905</span>. </span><span class="sense"> <span class="bld">d</span> <b class="b3">ὁ θ</b>., of natural phenomena, <b class="b3">ὁ θ. ὕει</b> (sc. <b class="b3">Ζεύς</b>) <span class="bibl">Hdt.2.13</span>; ὁ θ. ἐνέσκηψε βέλος <span class="bibl">Id.4.79</span>; <b class="b3">ἔσεισεν ὁ θ</b>. (sc. <b class="b3">Ποσειδῶν</b>) <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">HG</span>4.7.4</span>; of the sun, <span class="bibl">Hdt.2.24</span>, <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Pers.</span> 502</span>, <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Alc.</span>722</span>; <b class="b3">δύνοντος τοῦ θ</b>. <span class="bibl">App.<span class="title">BC</span>4.79</span>; the <b class="b2">weather</b>, <b class="b3">τί δοκεῖ τὰ τοῦ θεοῦ</b>; <span class="bibl">Thphr.<span class="title">Char.</span>25.2</span>. </span><span class="sense"> <span class="bld">e</span> Astrol., <b class="b3">θεοί</b>,= <b class="b3">ἀστέρες</b>, Jul. Laod.in <span class="title">Cat.Cod.Astr.</span>8(4).252. </span><span class="sense"> <span class="bld">f</span> <b class="b3">θεός</b> (sc. <b class="b3">Ἥλιος</b>), name of the 9th <b class="b3">τόπος</b>, Rhetor.ib.163, etc. </span><span class="sense"> <span class="bld">2</span> metaph., of abstract things, τὸ δ' εὐτυχεῖν τόδ' ἐν βροτοῖς θεός τε καὶ θεοῦ πλέον <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Ch.</span>60</span>; ἡ φρόνησις ἁγαθὴ θ. μέγας <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">Fr.</span>922</span>; θ. γὰρ καὶ τὸ γιγνώσκειν φίλους E.<span class="title">Hel.</span><*><span class="bibl">60</span>; <b class="b3">ὁ πλοῦτος τοῖς σοφοῖς θ</b>. <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Cyc.</span>316</span>; <b class="b3">φθόνος κάκιστος θ</b>. <span class="bibl">Hippothoon 2</span>. </span><span class="sense"> <span class="bld">3</span> as title of rulers, <b class="b3">θεῶν ἀδελφῶν</b> (sc. Ptolemy Il and Arsinoe), <span class="bibl">Herod.1.30</span>, etc.; Πτολεμαῖος ὑπάρχων θεὸς ἐκ θεοῦ καὶ θεᾶς <span class="title">OGI</span>90.10(Rosetta, ii B.C.); Ἀντίοχος ὅτῳ θεὸς ἐπώνυμον γίγνεται <span class="bibl">App.<span class="title">Syr.</span>65</span>; <b class="b3">θεὸς ἐκ θεοῦ</b>, of Augustus, <span class="title">OGI</span>655.2 (Egypt, 24 B.C.); θ. ἡμῶν καὶ δεσπότης <span class="title">IPE</span>4.71 (Cherson., ii A.D.). </span><span class="sense"> <span class="bld">b</span> = Lat. <b class="b2">Divus</b>, Mon.Anc.Gr.10.4, <span class="bibl">Str.4.1.1</span>, etc.; <b class="b3">οἱ ἐν θεοῖς αὐτοκράτορες</b>,= <b class="b2">divi Imperatores</b>, IG12(1).786 (Rhodes). </span><span class="sense"> <span class="bld">c</span> generally of the dead, καὶ ζῶντός σου καὶ εἰς θεοὺς ἀπελθόντος <span class="bibl"><span class="title">PPetr.</span>2p.45</span> (iii B.C.); <b class="b3">θεοῖς χθονίοις</b>,= Lat. <b class="b2">Dis Manibus</b>, IG14.30,al. </span><span class="sense"> <span class="bld">4</span> <b class="b2">one set in authority, judge</b>, <b class="b3">τὸ κριτήριον τοῦ θ., ἐνώπιον τοῦ θ</b>., <span class="bibl">LXX<span class="title">Ex.</span>21.6</span>, <span class="bibl">22.8</span>; <b class="b3">θεοὺς οὐ κακολογήσεις</b> ib.<span class="bibl">22.28(27)</span>. </span><span class="sense"> <span class="bld">II</span> <b class="b3">θεός</b> fem., <b class="b2">goddess</b>, μήτε θήλεια θεός, μήτε τις ἄρσην <span class="bibl">Il.8.7</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">Hdt.2.35</span>, al.; τοῖς θεοῖς εὔχομαι πᾶσι καὶ πάσαις <span class="bibl">D.18.1</span>, cf. 141, Orac.ib.<span class="bibl">21.52</span>; esp. at Athens, of Athena, Decr. ap. <span class="bibl">And.1.77</span>, <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Ti.</span>21a</span>, etc.; <b class="b3">ἁ Διὸς θεός, Ζηνὸς ἡ θ</b>., <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">Aj.</span>401</span> (lyr.), <span class="bibl">952</span> (<b class="b3">ἡ Διὸς θεά</b> ib.<span class="bibl">450</span>); of other goddesses, ποντία θεός <span class="bibl">Pi.<span class="title">I.</span> 8(7).36</span>; <b class="b3">ἡ νερτέρα θ</b>.,= <b class="b3">Περσεφόνη</b>, <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">OC</span>1548</span>, etc.; of Thetis, <span class="bibl">Pl. <span class="title">Ap.</span>28c</span>; of Niobe, <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">El.</span>150</span> (lyr.), <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Ant.</span>834</span> (anap.): in dual, of Demeter and Persephone, τὰ τοῖν θεοῖν ψηφίσματα <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">V.</span>378</span> (lyr.); οὐδ' ἔδεισε τὼ θεώ <span class="bibl">And.1.125</span>; freq. in oaths, νὴ τὼ θεώ <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Lys.</span>112</span>; μὰ τὼ θεώ <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Ec.</span>155</span>,<span class="bibl">532</span>. </span><span class="sense"> <span class="bld">III</span> as Adj. in Comp. <b class="b3">θεώτερος</b>, <b class="b2">divine</b>, <b class="b3">θύραι θ</b>., opp. <b class="b3">καταιβαταὶ ἀνθρώποισιν</b>, <span class="bibl">Od.13.111</span>; <b class="b3">χορὸς θ</b>. <span class="bibl">Call.<span class="title">Ap.</span> 93</span>, cf.<span class="bibl"><span class="title">Dian.</span>249</span>, <span class="bibl">D.P.257</span>. (Derived by <span class="bibl">Hdt.2.52</span> fr. <b class="b3">τίθημι</b> (κόσμῳ θέντες τὰ πρήγματα), by <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Cra.</span>397d</span> fr. <b class="b3">θεῖν</b>. Etym. dub.) [In Ep. (twice in Hom.) and Trag. (<span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Ba.</span>47</span>, <span class="bibl">1347</span>, al., not in Com.), as monosyll. by synizesis, θεοί <span class="bibl">Il.1.18</span>, <span class="bibl">Thgn.142</span>; θεῶν <span class="bibl"><span class="title">h.Cer.</span>55</span>, <span class="bibl">259</span>; θεοῖς <span class="bibl">Thgn.171</span>; θεοῖσιν <span class="bibl">Od.14.251</span>; θεούς <span class="bibl"><span class="title">h.Cer.</span>325</span>: even in nom. <b class="b3">θεός</b> before a vowel, <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Or.</span>399</span> (cf. Pors. ad loc.), <span class="bibl"><span class="title">HF</span>347</span>; in <span class="bibl">Pi.<span class="title">P.</span> 1.56</span> apptly. a short monosyll.]</span> | |Definition=ὁ, Boeot. θιός, Lacon. σιός (v. infr.), Cypr., Cret. θιός <span class="title">Inscr.Cypr.</span>135.27 H., <span class="title">Leg.Gort.</span>1.1, Dor. also θεύς <span class="bibl">Call.<span class="title">Cer.</span>58</span>; acc. <b class="b3">θεῦν</b> v.l. ib.<span class="bibl">130</span>; voc. (only late) <b class="b3">θεός</b>, also <span class="sense"><p> <span class="bld">A</span> θεέ <span class="bibl">LXX<span class="title">De.</span>3.24</span>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Ev.Matt.</span> 27.46</span>, <span class="title">PMag.Lond.</span>121.529, etc.; but classical in compd. names, <b class="b3">Ἀμφίθεε, Τιμόθεε</b>:—<b class="b2">God, the Deity</b>, in general sense, both sg. and pl. (εἰ καὶ ἐπὶ θεοὺς καὶ ἔτι μᾶλλον ἐπὶ θεὸν ἁρμόζει μεταφέρειν <span class="bibl">Plot.6.8.1</span>), <b class="b3">θ. δὲ τὸ μὲν δώσει τὸ δ' ἐάσει</b> <span class="title">God</span> will grant... <span class="bibl">Od.14.444</span>; οὐδέ κεν ἄλλως οὐδὲ θ. τεύξειε <span class="bibl">8.177</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">3.231</span>, <span class="bibl">Il.13.730</span> (also θεὸς Ζεύς <span class="bibl">Od.4.236</span>, <span class="bibl">14.327</span>); θ. καὶ ἀγαθὴ τύχη <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Lg.</span>757e</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">Timocl.3</span> D.; σὺν θεῷ <span class="bibl">Il.9.49</span>, <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">Aj.</span>765</span>, etc. (less freq. <b class="b3">ξὺν τῷ θ</b>. ib.<span class="bibl">383</span>); <b class="b3">σὺν θ. εἰρημένον</b> <span class="bibl">Hdt.1.86</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">3.153</span>; σὺν θ. εἰπεῖν <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Prt.</span>317b</span>: so in pl., σύν γε θεοῖσιν <span class="bibl">Il.24.430</span>; οὔ τοι ἄνευ θεοῦ <span class="bibl">Od.2.372</span>; <b class="b3">οὐ θεῶν ἄτερ</b> pi.<span class="title">P.</span>5.76; ἐκ θεόφι <span class="bibl">Il.17.101</span>; <b class="b3">ὑπὲρ θεόν</b> <b class="b2">against his will</b>, <span class="bibl">17.327</span>; ἂν θ. θέλῃ <span class="bibl">Alex. 231</span>; θ. θέλοντος <span class="bibl">Men.<span class="title">Mon.</span>671</span>: in pl., ἂν θεοὶ θέλωσιν <span class="bibl">Alex.247</span>; <b class="b3">θεῶν</b> <b class="b3">συνεθελόντων, βουλομένων</b>, <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">Eq.Mag.</span>9.8</span>, <span class="bibl">Luc.<span class="title">Macr.</span>29</span>; εἰ ὀρθῶς ἢ μή, θ. οἶδε <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Phdr.</span>266b</span>, cf.<span class="bibl"><span class="title">R.</span>517b</span>, etc.; in oaths, θ. ἴστω <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">OC</span>522</span> (lyr.), etc.; πρὸς θεῶν <span class="bibl">Hdt.5.49</span>, <span class="bibl">D.1.15</span>, etc.: τοὺς θεούς σοι <b class="b2">bless you! good heavens! for heaven's sake!</b> <span class="bibl">M.Ant.7.17</span>, <span class="bibl">Arr.<span class="title">Epict.</span>2.19.15</span>, al.; <b class="b3">τὸν θ. σοι</b> ib.<span class="bibl">3.7.19</span>, al.: qualified by τις, <span class="bibl">Od.9.142</span>, etc.; οὐκ ἄνευ θεῶν τινος <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Pers.</span>164</span> (troch.), <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Ba.</span>764</span>; κατὰ θεόν τινα <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">IA</span>411</span>, <span class="bibl">Pl. <span class="title">Euthd.</span>272e</span>; κατὰ θεόν πως εἰρημένα <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Lg.</span>682a</span>: doubled in poets, θεὸν θεόν τις ἀγλαϊζέτω <span class="bibl">B.3.21</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">Diagor.1</span>; θεοὶ θεοὶ τῶν ἀδίκων μέλουσι <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">HF</span>772</span>, cf. Paus.Gr.<span class="title">Fr.</span>203; <b class="b3">θεοί</b> (Cret. <b class="b3">θιοί</b>) as an opening formula in Inscrr. (sc. <b class="b3">τύχην ἀγαθὴν διδοῖεν</b>), <span class="title">Leg.Gort.</span>1.1, <span class="title">IG</span> 12.52, etc.: sg., <b class="b3">θ. τύχη</b> ib.5(2).1, etc.: in Prose also with the Art., ὁ θ. πάντων ἂν εἴη αἴτιος <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">R.</span>379c</span>, cf. <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Lg.</span>716c</span>, etc.; <b class="b3">τὰ πρὸς τοὺς θ., τὰ παρὰ τῶν θ</b>., <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">Mem.</span>1.3.1</span>, <span class="bibl">2.6.8</span>. </span><span class="sense"> <span class="bld">b</span> <b class="b3">θεοί</b>, opp. ἄνδρες, πατὴρ ἀνδρῶν τε θεῶν τε <span class="bibl">Il.1.544</span>; ὃν Ξάνθον καλέουσι θ., ἄνδρες δὲ Σκάμανδρον <span class="bibl">20.74</span>: in Comparisons, θεοῖσιν ἶσ' ἔθελε φρονέειν <span class="bibl">5.440</span>; θεοῖς ἐναλίγκια μήδεα <span class="bibl">Od.13.89</span>; also in sg., θεῷ ἐναλίγκιος αὐδήν <span class="bibl">Il.19.250</span>; θεὸς ὥς <span class="bibl">5.78</span>; ὥς τε θεός <span class="bibl">3.381</span>: prov., <b class="b3">θεὸς πρὸς ἀνθρώπους</b>, of an 'angel's visit', <span class="bibl">Herod.1.9</span>. </span><span class="sense"> <span class="bld">c</span> of special divinities, <b class="b3">νέρτεροι θ</b>. <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Pers.</span>622</span>, <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">Ant.</span>602</span> (lyr.); <b class="b3">ἐνέρτεροι θ</b>. <span class="bibl">Il.15.225</span>; <b class="b3">οἱ κάτωθεν θ</b>. <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">Ant.</span>1070</span>; θ. οὐράνιοι <span class="bibl"><span class="title">h.Cer.</span>55</span>, <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Ag.</span>90</span> (anap.); <b class="b3">οἱ δώδεκα θ</b>. <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Eq.</span>235</span>, <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">Eq.Mag.</span>3.2</span>, <span class="title">IG</span>22.30, etc.; <b class="b3">μὰ τοὺς δώδεκα θ</b>. <span class="bibl">Men.<span class="title">Sam.</span>91</span>; in dual, <b class="b3">τὼ σιώ</b> (Lacon.), of Castor and Pollux, <b class="b3">ναὶ τὼ σ</b>. <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">An.</span>6.6.34</span>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">HG</span>4.4.10</span>, <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Lys.</span>81</span>: so in Boeot., of Amphion and Zethus, <b class="b3">νεὶ τὼ σιώ</b> (leg. <b class="b3">θιώ</b>) <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Ach.</span>905</span>. </span><span class="sense"> <span class="bld">d</span> <b class="b3">ὁ θ</b>., of natural phenomena, <b class="b3">ὁ θ. ὕει</b> (sc. <b class="b3">Ζεύς</b>) <span class="bibl">Hdt.2.13</span>; ὁ θ. ἐνέσκηψε βέλος <span class="bibl">Id.4.79</span>; <b class="b3">ἔσεισεν ὁ θ</b>. (sc. <b class="b3">Ποσειδῶν</b>) <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">HG</span>4.7.4</span>; of the sun, <span class="bibl">Hdt.2.24</span>, <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Pers.</span> 502</span>, <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Alc.</span>722</span>; <b class="b3">δύνοντος τοῦ θ</b>. <span class="bibl">App.<span class="title">BC</span>4.79</span>; the <b class="b2">weather</b>, <b class="b3">τί δοκεῖ τὰ τοῦ θεοῦ</b>; <span class="bibl">Thphr.<span class="title">Char.</span>25.2</span>. </span><span class="sense"> <span class="bld">e</span> Astrol., <b class="b3">θεοί</b>,= <b class="b3">ἀστέρες</b>, Jul. Laod.in <span class="title">Cat.Cod.Astr.</span>8(4).252. </span><span class="sense"> <span class="bld">f</span> <b class="b3">θεός</b> (sc. <b class="b3">Ἥλιος</b>), name of the 9th <b class="b3">τόπος</b>, Rhetor.ib.163, etc. </span><span class="sense"> <span class="bld">2</span> metaph., of abstract things, τὸ δ' εὐτυχεῖν τόδ' ἐν βροτοῖς θεός τε καὶ θεοῦ πλέον <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Ch.</span>60</span>; ἡ φρόνησις ἁγαθὴ θ. μέγας <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">Fr.</span>922</span>; θ. γὰρ καὶ τὸ γιγνώσκειν φίλους E.<span class="title">Hel.</span><*><span class="bibl">60</span>; <b class="b3">ὁ πλοῦτος τοῖς σοφοῖς θ</b>. <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Cyc.</span>316</span>; <b class="b3">φθόνος κάκιστος θ</b>. <span class="bibl">Hippothoon 2</span>. </span><span class="sense"> <span class="bld">3</span> as title of rulers, <b class="b3">θεῶν ἀδελφῶν</b> (sc. Ptolemy Il and Arsinoe), <span class="bibl">Herod.1.30</span>, etc.; Πτολεμαῖος ὑπάρχων θεὸς ἐκ θεοῦ καὶ θεᾶς <span class="title">OGI</span>90.10(Rosetta, ii B.C.); Ἀντίοχος ὅτῳ θεὸς ἐπώνυμον γίγνεται <span class="bibl">App.<span class="title">Syr.</span>65</span>; <b class="b3">θεὸς ἐκ θεοῦ</b>, of Augustus, <span class="title">OGI</span>655.2 (Egypt, 24 B.C.); θ. ἡμῶν καὶ δεσπότης <span class="title">IPE</span>4.71 (Cherson., ii A.D.). </span><span class="sense"> <span class="bld">b</span> = Lat. <b class="b2">Divus</b>, Mon.Anc.Gr.10.4, <span class="bibl">Str.4.1.1</span>, etc.; <b class="b3">οἱ ἐν θεοῖς αὐτοκράτορες</b>,= <b class="b2">divi Imperatores</b>, IG12(1).786 (Rhodes). </span><span class="sense"> <span class="bld">c</span> generally of the dead, καὶ ζῶντός σου καὶ εἰς θεοὺς ἀπελθόντος <span class="bibl"><span class="title">PPetr.</span>2p.45</span> (iii B.C.); <b class="b3">θεοῖς χθονίοις</b>,= Lat. <b class="b2">Dis Manibus</b>, IG14.30,al. </span><span class="sense"> <span class="bld">4</span> <b class="b2">one set in authority, judge</b>, <b class="b3">τὸ κριτήριον τοῦ θ., ἐνώπιον τοῦ θ</b>., <span class="bibl">LXX<span class="title">Ex.</span>21.6</span>, <span class="bibl">22.8</span>; <b class="b3">θεοὺς οὐ κακολογήσεις</b> ib.<span class="bibl">22.28(27)</span>. </span><span class="sense"> <span class="bld">II</span> <b class="b3">θεός</b> fem., <b class="b2">goddess</b>, μήτε θήλεια θεός, μήτε τις ἄρσην <span class="bibl">Il.8.7</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">Hdt.2.35</span>, al.; τοῖς θεοῖς εὔχομαι πᾶσι καὶ πάσαις <span class="bibl">D.18.1</span>, cf. 141, Orac.ib.<span class="bibl">21.52</span>; esp. at Athens, of Athena, Decr. ap. <span class="bibl">And.1.77</span>, <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Ti.</span>21a</span>, etc.; <b class="b3">ἁ Διὸς θεός, Ζηνὸς ἡ θ</b>., <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">Aj.</span>401</span> (lyr.), <span class="bibl">952</span> (<b class="b3">ἡ Διὸς θεά</b> ib.<span class="bibl">450</span>); of other goddesses, ποντία θεός <span class="bibl">Pi.<span class="title">I.</span> 8(7).36</span>; <b class="b3">ἡ νερτέρα θ</b>.,= <b class="b3">Περσεφόνη</b>, <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">OC</span>1548</span>, etc.; of Thetis, <span class="bibl">Pl. <span class="title">Ap.</span>28c</span>; of Niobe, <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">El.</span>150</span> (lyr.), <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Ant.</span>834</span> (anap.): in dual, of Demeter and Persephone, τὰ τοῖν θεοῖν ψηφίσματα <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">V.</span>378</span> (lyr.); οὐδ' ἔδεισε τὼ θεώ <span class="bibl">And.1.125</span>; freq. in oaths, νὴ τὼ θεώ <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Lys.</span>112</span>; μὰ τὼ θεώ <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Ec.</span>155</span>,<span class="bibl">532</span>. </span><span class="sense"> <span class="bld">III</span> as Adj. in Comp. <b class="b3">θεώτερος</b>, <b class="b2">divine</b>, <b class="b3">θύραι θ</b>., opp. <b class="b3">καταιβαταὶ ἀνθρώποισιν</b>, <span class="bibl">Od.13.111</span>; <b class="b3">χορὸς θ</b>. <span class="bibl">Call.<span class="title">Ap.</span> 93</span>, cf.<span class="bibl"><span class="title">Dian.</span>249</span>, <span class="bibl">D.P.257</span>. (Derived by <span class="bibl">Hdt.2.52</span> fr. <b class="b3">τίθημι</b> (κόσμῳ θέντες τὰ πρήγματα), by <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Cra.</span>397d</span> fr. <b class="b3">θεῖν</b>. Etym. dub.) [In Ep. (twice in Hom.) and Trag. (<span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Ba.</span>47</span>, <span class="bibl">1347</span>, al., not in Com.), as monosyll. by synizesis, θεοί <span class="bibl">Il.1.18</span>, <span class="bibl">Thgn.142</span>; θεῶν <span class="bibl"><span class="title">h.Cer.</span>55</span>, <span class="bibl">259</span>; θεοῖς <span class="bibl">Thgn.171</span>; θεοῖσιν <span class="bibl">Od.14.251</span>; θεούς <span class="bibl"><span class="title">h.Cer.</span>325</span>: even in nom. <b class="b3">θεός</b> before a vowel, <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Or.</span>399</span> (cf. Pors. ad loc.), <span class="bibl"><span class="title">HF</span>347</span>; in <span class="bibl">Pi.<span class="title">P.</span> 1.56</span> apptly. a short monosyll.]</span> | ||
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|ptext=[[https://www.translatum.gr/images/pape/pape-01-1197.png Seite 1197]] ὁ (nach Her. 2, 52 ὅτι κόσμῳ θέντες τὰ πάντα πρήγματα καὶ πάσας νομὰς εἶχον, nach Plat. Crat. 397 d u. A. verwandt mit θέω, von den Gestirnen, die zuerst als Götter verehrt wurden; Andere bringen es mit [[Ζεύς]], [[Διός]], deus, zusammen; Andere mit [[θέσσασθαι]], Curt. Grundz. d. Gr. Et. 2. Aufl. S. 230), dor. [[θεύς]], Hdn. περὶ μ. λ. 6, 8, Call. Cer. 58, θεῦν 130, lacon. [[σιός]]; – <b class="b2">Gott, Gottheit</b>. Bei Hom. sowohl plur. als sing., so daß bei letzterm nicht immer an eine bestimmte Gottheit zu denken, wie etwa an Zeus, sondern an die über den Menschen waltende höhere Gewalt, Gottheit, die auch als θεοῦ [[μοῖρα]] bezeichnet wird, u. als [[μοῖρα]] allein, vgl. Nägelsbach Homerische Theologie. Sonst bestimmen Beiwörter oder die Zusammensetzungen, welcher Gott gemeint ist, z. B. ἐπερωτᾶν τὸν θεόν, das Orakel des Apollo befragen. Oft findet sich θεὸς ὥς, [[ὥστε]] [[θεός]], θεῷ [[ἐναλίγκιος]], um das Höchste u. Vollkommenste unter den Menschen zu bezeichnen, das an die Vortrefflichkeit der Götter hinanreicht; – ὑπὲρ θεόν, über, d. i. wider den Willen des Gottes, Il. 17, 327; σὺν θεῷ, unter Gottes Beistand, 9, 49; σὺν θεοῖς, 24, 230, auch bei Folgdn; Ggstz [[ἄνευ]] u. [[ἄνευθε]] θεοῦ, Od. 15, 530 Il. 5, 185, gegen den Willen der Götter, von Gott verlassen; πρὸς θεῶν, bei den Göttern, als Betheuerung. – Fem. ἡ [[θεός]], Il. 1, 516; [[μήτε]] θήλεια [[θεός]], [[μήτε]] τις [[ἄρσην]] 8, 7; Soph. Ai. 401. 925 u. a. D.; auch in Prosa, wie Dem. cor. init. u. Plat.; so sind in dem Schwur der Frauen, νή od. μὰ τὼ θεώ, Demeter u. Persephone gemeint, Ar. Lys. 112 Eccl. 532 u. A. – Als Adj. erscheint es Od. 13, 111, θύραι θεώτεραι, Thore, deren sich die Götter mehr bedienen, wie D. Per. 257 [[θεώτερος]] [[ναός]] sagt; χορὸς [[θεώτερος]] Callim. Ap. 93. – Bei Sp. ist ὁ θεὸς [[Καῖσαρ]] divus, Strab. IV, 177, oft, [Θεοί ist einsylbig gebraucht Il. 1, 17, θεῶν Hes. th. 44, θεοῖσιν zweisylbig Od. 14, 951, u. so oft bei att, Dichtern.] | |||
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Revision as of 19:42, 2 August 2017
English (LSJ)
ὁ, Boeot. θιός, Lacon. σιός (v. infr.), Cypr., Cret. θιός Inscr.Cypr.135.27 H., Leg.Gort.1.1, Dor. also θεύς Call.Cer.58; acc. θεῦν v.l. ib.130; voc. (only late) θεός, also
A θεέ LXXDe.3.24, Ev.Matt. 27.46, PMag.Lond.121.529, etc.; but classical in compd. names, Ἀμφίθεε, Τιμόθεε:—God, the Deity, in general sense, both sg. and pl. (εἰ καὶ ἐπὶ θεοὺς καὶ ἔτι μᾶλλον ἐπὶ θεὸν ἁρμόζει μεταφέρειν Plot.6.8.1), θ. δὲ τὸ μὲν δώσει τὸ δ' ἐάσει God will grant... Od.14.444; οὐδέ κεν ἄλλως οὐδὲ θ. τεύξειε 8.177, cf. 3.231, Il.13.730 (also θεὸς Ζεύς Od.4.236, 14.327); θ. καὶ ἀγαθὴ τύχη Pl.Lg.757e, cf. Timocl.3 D.; σὺν θεῷ Il.9.49, S.Aj.765, etc. (less freq. ξὺν τῷ θ. ib.383); σὺν θ. εἰρημένον Hdt.1.86, cf. 3.153; σὺν θ. εἰπεῖν Pl.Prt.317b: so in pl., σύν γε θεοῖσιν Il.24.430; οὔ τοι ἄνευ θεοῦ Od.2.372; οὐ θεῶν ἄτερ pi.P.5.76; ἐκ θεόφι Il.17.101; ὑπὲρ θεόν against his will, 17.327; ἂν θ. θέλῃ Alex. 231; θ. θέλοντος Men.Mon.671: in pl., ἂν θεοὶ θέλωσιν Alex.247; θεῶν συνεθελόντων, βουλομένων, X.Eq.Mag.9.8, Luc.Macr.29; εἰ ὀρθῶς ἢ μή, θ. οἶδε Pl.Phdr.266b, cf.R.517b, etc.; in oaths, θ. ἴστω S.OC522 (lyr.), etc.; πρὸς θεῶν Hdt.5.49, D.1.15, etc.: τοὺς θεούς σοι bless you! good heavens! for heaven's sake! M.Ant.7.17, Arr.Epict.2.19.15, al.; τὸν θ. σοι ib.3.7.19, al.: qualified by τις, Od.9.142, etc.; οὐκ ἄνευ θεῶν τινος A.Pers.164 (troch.), E.Ba.764; κατὰ θεόν τινα Id.IA411, Pl. Euthd.272e; κατὰ θεόν πως εἰρημένα Id.Lg.682a: doubled in poets, θεὸν θεόν τις ἀγλαϊζέτω B.3.21, cf. Diagor.1; θεοὶ θεοὶ τῶν ἀδίκων μέλουσι E.HF772, cf. Paus.Gr.Fr.203; θεοί (Cret. θιοί) as an opening formula in Inscrr. (sc. τύχην ἀγαθὴν διδοῖεν), Leg.Gort.1.1, IG 12.52, etc.: sg., θ. τύχη ib.5(2).1, etc.: in Prose also with the Art., ὁ θ. πάντων ἂν εἴη αἴτιος Pl.R.379c, cf. Lg.716c, etc.; τὰ πρὸς τοὺς θ., τὰ παρὰ τῶν θ., X.Mem.1.3.1, 2.6.8. b θεοί, opp. ἄνδρες, πατὴρ ἀνδρῶν τε θεῶν τε Il.1.544; ὃν Ξάνθον καλέουσι θ., ἄνδρες δὲ Σκάμανδρον 20.74: in Comparisons, θεοῖσιν ἶσ' ἔθελε φρονέειν 5.440; θεοῖς ἐναλίγκια μήδεα Od.13.89; also in sg., θεῷ ἐναλίγκιος αὐδήν Il.19.250; θεὸς ὥς 5.78; ὥς τε θεός 3.381: prov., θεὸς πρὸς ἀνθρώπους, of an 'angel's visit', Herod.1.9. c of special divinities, νέρτεροι θ. A.Pers.622, S.Ant.602 (lyr.); ἐνέρτεροι θ. Il.15.225; οἱ κάτωθεν θ. S.Ant.1070; θ. οὐράνιοι h.Cer.55, A.Ag.90 (anap.); οἱ δώδεκα θ. Ar.Eq.235, X.Eq.Mag.3.2, IG22.30, etc.; μὰ τοὺς δώδεκα θ. Men.Sam.91; in dual, τὼ σιώ (Lacon.), of Castor and Pollux, ναὶ τὼ σ. X.An.6.6.34, HG4.4.10, Ar.Lys.81: so in Boeot., of Amphion and Zethus, νεὶ τὼ σιώ (leg. θιώ) Id.Ach.905. d ὁ θ., of natural phenomena, ὁ θ. ὕει (sc. Ζεύς) Hdt.2.13; ὁ θ. ἐνέσκηψε βέλος Id.4.79; ἔσεισεν ὁ θ. (sc. Ποσειδῶν) X.HG4.7.4; of the sun, Hdt.2.24, A.Pers. 502, E.Alc.722; δύνοντος τοῦ θ. App.BC4.79; the weather, τί δοκεῖ τὰ τοῦ θεοῦ; Thphr.Char.25.2. e Astrol., θεοί,= ἀστέρες, Jul. Laod.in Cat.Cod.Astr.8(4).252. f θεός (sc. Ἥλιος), name of the 9th τόπος, Rhetor.ib.163, etc. 2 metaph., of abstract things, τὸ δ' εὐτυχεῖν τόδ' ἐν βροτοῖς θεός τε καὶ θεοῦ πλέον A.Ch.60; ἡ φρόνησις ἁγαθὴ θ. μέγας S.Fr.922; θ. γὰρ καὶ τὸ γιγνώσκειν φίλους E.Hel.<*>60; ὁ πλοῦτος τοῖς σοφοῖς θ. Id.Cyc.316; φθόνος κάκιστος θ. Hippothoon 2. 3 as title of rulers, θεῶν ἀδελφῶν (sc. Ptolemy Il and Arsinoe), Herod.1.30, etc.; Πτολεμαῖος ὑπάρχων θεὸς ἐκ θεοῦ καὶ θεᾶς OGI90.10(Rosetta, ii B.C.); Ἀντίοχος ὅτῳ θεὸς ἐπώνυμον γίγνεται App.Syr.65; θεὸς ἐκ θεοῦ, of Augustus, OGI655.2 (Egypt, 24 B.C.); θ. ἡμῶν καὶ δεσπότης IPE4.71 (Cherson., ii A.D.). b = Lat. Divus, Mon.Anc.Gr.10.4, Str.4.1.1, etc.; οἱ ἐν θεοῖς αὐτοκράτορες,= divi Imperatores, IG12(1).786 (Rhodes). c generally of the dead, καὶ ζῶντός σου καὶ εἰς θεοὺς ἀπελθόντος PPetr.2p.45 (iii B.C.); θεοῖς χθονίοις,= Lat. Dis Manibus, IG14.30,al. 4 one set in authority, judge, τὸ κριτήριον τοῦ θ., ἐνώπιον τοῦ θ., LXXEx.21.6, 22.8; θεοὺς οὐ κακολογήσεις ib.22.28(27). II θεός fem., goddess, μήτε θήλεια θεός, μήτε τις ἄρσην Il.8.7, cf. Hdt.2.35, al.; τοῖς θεοῖς εὔχομαι πᾶσι καὶ πάσαις D.18.1, cf. 141, Orac.ib.21.52; esp. at Athens, of Athena, Decr. ap. And.1.77, Pl.Ti.21a, etc.; ἁ Διὸς θεός, Ζηνὸς ἡ θ., S.Aj.401 (lyr.), 952 (ἡ Διὸς θεά ib.450); of other goddesses, ποντία θεός Pi.I. 8(7).36; ἡ νερτέρα θ.,= Περσεφόνη, S.OC1548, etc.; of Thetis, Pl. Ap.28c; of Niobe, S.El.150 (lyr.), Ant.834 (anap.): in dual, of Demeter and Persephone, τὰ τοῖν θεοῖν ψηφίσματα Ar.V.378 (lyr.); οὐδ' ἔδεισε τὼ θεώ And.1.125; freq. in oaths, νὴ τὼ θεώ Ar.Lys.112; μὰ τὼ θεώ Id.Ec.155,532. III as Adj. in Comp. θεώτερος, divine, θύραι θ., opp. καταιβαταὶ ἀνθρώποισιν, Od.13.111; χορὸς θ. Call.Ap. 93, cf.Dian.249, D.P.257. (Derived by Hdt.2.52 fr. τίθημι (κόσμῳ θέντες τὰ πρήγματα), by Pl.Cra.397d fr. θεῖν. Etym. dub.) [In Ep. (twice in Hom.) and Trag. (E.Ba.47, 1347, al., not in Com.), as monosyll. by synizesis, θεοί Il.1.18, Thgn.142; θεῶν h.Cer.55, 259; θεοῖς Thgn.171; θεοῖσιν Od.14.251; θεούς h.Cer.325: even in nom. θεός before a vowel, E.Or.399 (cf. Pors. ad loc.), HF347; in Pi.P. 1.56 apptly. a short monosyll.]
German (Pape)
[Seite 1197] ὁ (nach Her. 2, 52 ὅτι κόσμῳ θέντες τὰ πάντα πρήγματα καὶ πάσας νομὰς εἶχον, nach Plat. Crat. 397 d u. A. verwandt mit θέω, von den Gestirnen, die zuerst als Götter verehrt wurden; Andere bringen es mit Ζεύς, Διός, deus, zusammen; Andere mit θέσσασθαι, Curt. Grundz. d. Gr. Et. 2. Aufl. S. 230), dor. θεύς, Hdn. περὶ μ. λ. 6, 8, Call. Cer. 58, θεῦν 130, lacon. σιός; – Gott, Gottheit. Bei Hom. sowohl plur. als sing., so daß bei letzterm nicht immer an eine bestimmte Gottheit zu denken, wie etwa an Zeus, sondern an die über den Menschen waltende höhere Gewalt, Gottheit, die auch als θεοῦ μοῖρα bezeichnet wird, u. als μοῖρα allein, vgl. Nägelsbach Homerische Theologie. Sonst bestimmen Beiwörter oder die Zusammensetzungen, welcher Gott gemeint ist, z. B. ἐπερωτᾶν τὸν θεόν, das Orakel des Apollo befragen. Oft findet sich θεὸς ὥς, ὥστε θεός, θεῷ ἐναλίγκιος, um das Höchste u. Vollkommenste unter den Menschen zu bezeichnen, das an die Vortrefflichkeit der Götter hinanreicht; – ὑπὲρ θεόν, über, d. i. wider den Willen des Gottes, Il. 17, 327; σὺν θεῷ, unter Gottes Beistand, 9, 49; σὺν θεοῖς, 24, 230, auch bei Folgdn; Ggstz ἄνευ u. ἄνευθε θεοῦ, Od. 15, 530 Il. 5, 185, gegen den Willen der Götter, von Gott verlassen; πρὸς θεῶν, bei den Göttern, als Betheuerung. – Fem. ἡ θεός, Il. 1, 516; μήτε θήλεια θεός, μήτε τις ἄρσην 8, 7; Soph. Ai. 401. 925 u. a. D.; auch in Prosa, wie Dem. cor. init. u. Plat.; so sind in dem Schwur der Frauen, νή od. μὰ τὼ θεώ, Demeter u. Persephone gemeint, Ar. Lys. 112 Eccl. 532 u. A. – Als Adj. erscheint es Od. 13, 111, θύραι θεώτεραι, Thore, deren sich die Götter mehr bedienen, wie D. Per. 257 θεώτερος ναός sagt; χορὸς θεώτερος Callim. Ap. 93. – Bei Sp. ist ὁ θεὸς Καῖσαρ divus, Strab. IV, 177, oft, [Θεοί ist einsylbig gebraucht Il. 1, 17, θεῶν Hes. th. 44, θεοῖσιν zweisylbig Od. 14, 951, u. so oft bei att, Dichtern.]
