ψιλός: Difference between revisions
τά γε μὰν λίνα πάντα λελοίπει ἐκ Μοιρᾶν → but all the thread granted him by the Fates had run out
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|Definition=ή, όν, <span class="sense"> <span class="bld">I</span> of land, <b class="b2">bare</b>, <b class="b3">ψ. ἄροσις</b> <b class="b2">open</b> cornland, <span class="bibl">Il.9.580</span>; πεδίον μέγα τε καὶ ψ. <span class="bibl">Hdt.1.80</span>; ὁ λόφος . . δασὺς ἴδῃσί ἐστι, ἐούσης τῆς ἄλλης Λιβύης ψ. <span class="bibl">Id.4.175</span>; ἀπὸ ψ. τῆς γῆς <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Criti.</span> 111d</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">An.</span>1.5.5</span>, etc.: in full, [γῆ] ψ. δενδρέων <span class="bibl">Hdt.4.19</span>,<span class="bibl">21</span>; <b class="b3">ἄδενδρα καὶ ψ</b>., of the Alps, <span class="bibl">Plb.3.55.9</span>; <b class="b3">τὰ ψ</b>. (sc. <b class="b3">χωρία</b>), opp. <b class="b3">τὰ ὑλώδη</b>, <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">Cyn.</span>5.7</span>; <b class="b3">τόποι ψ</b>. ib.<span class="bibl">4.6</span>; <b class="b3">ψ. γεωργία</b> the tillage of land <b class="b2">for corn and the like</b>, opp. <b class="b3">γ. πεφυτευμένη</b> (the tillage of it <b class="b2">for vines, olives</b>, etc.), <span class="bibl">Arist.<span class="title">Pol.</span>1258b18</span>, <span class="bibl">Thphr.<span class="title">CP</span>3.20.1</span>; so γῆ ψ. <span class="bibl">Eup. 230</span>, <span class="bibl">D.20.115</span>, <span class="title">Tab.Heracl.</span>1.175, 2.33; ἐλαῖαι, ὧν νῦν τὰ πολλὰ ἐκκέκοπται καὶ ἡ γῆ ψ. γεγένηται <span class="bibl">Lys.7.7</span>. </span><span class="sense"> <span class="bld">II</span> of animals, <b class="b2">stripped of hair</b> or <b class="b2">feathers, smooth</b> (cf. λεῖος <span class="bibl">1.3</span>), δέρμα . . ἐλάφοιο <span class="bibl">Od.13.437</span>; σάρξ Hp.<b class="b2">Aër</b>.19; <b class="b3">ἡμίκραιραν ψ. ἔχων</b> with half the head <b class="b2">shaved</b>, <span class="bibl">Ar. <span class="title">Th.</span>227</span>; <b class="b3">ψ. γνάθοι</b> ib.<span class="bibl">583</span>; τὴν ὀσφὺν κομιδῇ ψ. <span class="bibl">Pherecr.23.4</span> (anap.); used of dogs <b class="b2">with a short, smooth coat</b> of hair, <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">Cyn.</span>3.2</span>; τὴν δίποδα ἀγέλην τῷ ψ. καὶ τῷ πτεροφυεῖ τέμνειν <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Plt.</span>266e</span>; ἄνθρωπος -ότατον κατὰ τὸ σῶμα τῶν ζῴων πάντων ἐστί <span class="bibl">Arist.<span class="title">GA</span>745b16</span>; so <b class="b3">ἶβις ψ. τὴν κεφαλήν</b> <b class="b2">without feathers, bald</b> on the head, <span class="bibl">Hdt.2.76</span>; <b class="b2">hairless</b>, of the foetus of a hare, <span class="bibl">Id.3.108</span>; <b class="b3">ψ. τὰ περὶ τὴν κεφαλήν</b>, of the ostrich, <span class="bibl">Arist.<span class="title">PA</span>697b18</span>. </span><span class="sense"> <span class="bld">b</span> <b class="b3">ψιλαὶ Περσικαί</b> Persian <b class="b2">carpets</b>, <span class="bibl">Callix.2</span>; such a carpet is called <b class="b3">ψιλή</b> alone, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">PSI</span>7.858.2</span> (iii B. C., pl.), <span class="bibl">LXX<span class="title">Jo.</span>7.21</span>; <b class="b3">ψιλὴ πολύμιτος</b>, <b class="b2">Babylonicum</b>, Gloss.; <b class="b3">ψιλή</b> = <b class="b2">aulaeum, tapeta</b>, ibid.; cf. [[ψιλόταπις]]. </span><span class="sense"> <span class="bld">2</span> generally, <b class="b2">bare, uncovered</b>, <b class="b3">ψ. ὡς ὁρᾷ νέκυν</b>, i. e. without any earth over it, <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">Ant.</span>426</span>; of a horse which has thrown its rider, <span class="title">AP</span>13.18 (Parmeno). </span><span class="sense"> <span class="bld">b</span> c. gen., <b class="b2">bare of, separated from</b>, <b class="b3">ψ. σώματος οὖσα [ἡ ψυχή</b>] <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Lg.</span>899a</span>; τέχναι ψ. τῶν πράξεων <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Plt.</span>258d</span>; ψ. ὅπλων <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Lg.</span>834c</span>; ἱππέων <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">Cyr.</span>5.3.57</span>; θηρία μεμονωμένα καὶ ψ. τῶν Ἰνδῶν <span class="bibl">Plb.11.1.12</span>. </span><span class="sense"> <span class="bld">c</span> <b class="b2">stripped of appendages, naked</b>, <b class="b3">ψ. [τρόπις</b>] the <b class="b2">bare</b> keel with the planks torn from it, <span class="bibl">Od.12.421</span>; <b class="b3">ψ. μάχαιραι</b> swords <b class="b2">alone, without other arms</b>, etc., <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">Cyr.</span>4.5.58</span>; <b class="b3">θάλαττα ψ</b>. <b class="b2">blank</b> sea, <span class="bibl">Aristid.<span class="title">Or.</span>25(43).50</span>. </span><span class="sense"> <span class="bld">III</span> freq. in Prose, as a military term, of <b class="b2">soldiers without heavy armour, light troops</b>, such as archers and slingers, opp. <b class="b3">ὁπλῖται</b>, first in <span class="bibl">Hdt.7.158</span>, al., freq. in Th., e. g. ὁπλίζει τὸν δῆμον, πρότερον ψ. ὄντα <span class="bibl">3.27</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">Arr.<span class="title">Tact.</span>3.3</span>; ὁ ψ. ὅμιλος <span class="bibl">Th.4.125</span>; so <b class="b3">ψιλοί</b> or <b class="b3">τὸ ψιλόν</b>, opp. <b class="b3">τὸ ὁπλιτικόν</b>, <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">HG</span>4.2.17</span>, <span class="bibl">Arist.<span class="title">Pol.</span>1321a7</span>; <b class="b3">ψιλός</b>, opp. <b class="b3">ὡπλισμένος</b>, <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">Aj.</span>1123</span>: coupled with <b class="b3">ἄσκευος</b>, <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">OC</span>1029</span>; ψιλὸς στρατεύσομαι <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Th.</span>232</span>; ψ. δύναμις <span class="bibl">Arist.<span class="title">Pol.</span>1321a13</span>; <b class="b3">αἱ κοῦφαι καὶ αἱ ψ. ἐργασίαι</b> work <b class="b2">that belongs to unarmed soldiers</b>, ib.<span class="bibl">1321a25</span>; ψ. χερσὶν πρὸς καθωπλισμένους <span class="bibl">Ael.<span class="title">VH</span>6.2</span>: but <b class="b3">ψ. ἔχων τὴν κεφαλήν</b> <b class="b2">bare</b>-headed, <b class="b2">without helmet</b>, <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">An.</span>1.8.6</span>; <b class="b3">ψ. ἵππος</b> a horse <b class="b2">without housings</b>, <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Eq.</span>7.5</span>: <b class="b2">unarmed, defenceless</b>, <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">Ph.</span>953</span>. </span><span class="sense"> <span class="bld">IV</span> <b class="b3">λόγος ψ</b>. <b class="b2">bare</b> language, i. e. <b class="b2">prose</b>, opp. to poetry which is clothed in the garb of metre, <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Mx.</span>239c</span>, Phld.<span class="title">Mus.</span>p.97K.; more freq. in pl., ψ. λόγοι <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Lg.</span>669d</span>; opp. <b class="b3">τὰ μέτρα</b>, <span class="bibl">Arist.<span class="title">Rh.</span>1404b14</span>,<span class="bibl">33</span>: but in <span class="bibl">D.27.54</span> <b class="b3">ψ. λόγος</b> is a <b class="b2">mere</b> speech, a speech <b class="b2">unsupported by evidence;</b> and in <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Tht.</span>165a</span> <b class="b3">ψιλοὶ λόγοι</b> are <b class="b2">mere forms</b> of argumentation, dialectical abstractions (so <b class="b3">ψιλῶς λέγειν</b> speak <b class="b2">nakedly, without alleging proofs</b>, <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Phdr.</span>262c</span>, cf. <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Lg.</span>811e</span>); τὰς πράξεις αὐτὰς ψιλὰς φράζοντες <span class="bibl">Arist.<span class="title">Rh.Al.</span>1438b27</span>. </span><span class="sense"> <span class="bld">2</span> <b class="b3">ποίησις ψ</b>. <b class="b2">mere</b> poetry, <b class="b2">without music</b>, i. e. <span class="title">Epic</span> poetry, opp. <span class="title">Lyric</span> (ἡ ἐν ᾠδῇ), <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Phdr.</span>278c</span>; so ἄνευ ὀργάνων ψ. λόγοι <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Smp.</span>215c</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">Arist.<span class="title">Po.</span>1447a29</span>; <b class="b3">ψ. τῷ στόματι</b>, opp. <b class="b3">μετ' ὀργάνων</b>, as a kind of <b class="b3">μουσική</b>, <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Plt.</span>268b</span>; λύρας φθόγγοι . . ψιλοὶ καὶ ἀμεικτότεροι τῇ φωνῇ <span class="bibl">Arist.<span class="title">Pr.</span>922a16</span>; <b class="b3">ἡ ψ. φωνή</b> the <b class="b2">ordinary</b> sound of the voice, opp. singing (ἡ ᾠδική), <span class="bibl">D.H. <span class="title">Comp.</span>11</span>. </span><span class="sense"> <span class="bld">3</span> <b class="b3">ψ. μουσική</b> <b class="b2">instrumental</b> music <b class="b2">unaccompanied by the voice</b>, opp. <b class="b3">ἡ μετὰ μελῳδίας</b>, <span class="bibl">Arist.<span class="title">Pol.</span>1339b20</span>; <b class="b3">ψιλῷ μέλει διαγωνίζεσθαι πρὸς ᾠδὴν καὶ κιθάραν</b>, of Marsyas, Plu.2.713d, cf. Phld.<span class="title">Mus.</span> p.100K.; so ψ. κιθάρισις καὶ αὔλησις <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Lg.</span>669e</span>; <b class="b3">ψιλὸς αὐλητής</b> one who plays <b class="b2">unaccompanied</b> on the flute (cf. [[ψιλοκιθαριστής]]), Phryn. 145. </span><span class="sense"> <span class="bld">V</span> <b class="b2">mere, simple</b> (cf. supr. IV. 1), <b class="b3">ἀριθμητικὴ ψιλή</b>, opp. geometry and the like, <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Plt.</span>299e</span>; <b class="b3">ὕδωρ ψ</b>., opp. <b class="b3">σὺν οἴνῳ</b>, <span class="bibl">Hp.<span class="title">Int.</span>35</span>; <b class="b3">ψ. ἀναίρεσις</b> <b class="b2">mere</b> removal, <span class="bibl">Phld.<span class="title">Sign.</span>12</span>; <b class="b3">ψ. ἄνδρες</b>, i. e. men <b class="b2">without women</b>, <span class="bibl">Antip.Stoic.3.254</span>:—Oedipus calls Antigone his <b class="b3">ψιλὸν ὄμμα</b>, as being <b class="b2">the one poor</b> eye left him, <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">OC</span>866</span>. Adv. ψιλῶς <b class="b2">merely, only</b>, <span class="bibl">Plu.<span class="title">Per.</span>15</span>; <b class="b3">ἕνεκα τοῦ ψ. εἰπεῖν</b> for the purpose of <b class="b2">merely</b> saying, Sch. Il.<span class="title">Oxy.</span>1086.65; <b class="b3">ψ. ὀνομάζειν</b> call by the <b class="b2">bare</b> name (without epithet), <span class="bibl">Phld.<span class="title">Vit.</span>p.39J.</span> </span><span class="sense"> <span class="bld">VI</span> Gramm. of vowels, ψ. ἦχος <b class="b2">without the spiritus asper</b>, <span class="bibl">Demetr.<span class="title">Eloc.</span>73</span>; ψ. πνεῦμα <span class="bibl">A.D.<span class="title">Adv.</span>148.9</span>, D.T.<span class="title">Supp.</span> 674.15; ψιλῶς λέγεσθαι <span class="bibl">A.D.<span class="title">Pron.</span>57.3</span>. </span><span class="sense"> <span class="bld">b</span> of the letters ε and υ <b class="b2">written simply</b>, not as αι and οι, which represented the sounds in late Gr., μαθόντες τὰ διὰ τοῦ διφθόγγου ᾱῑ τυχὸν ἅπαντα, ἐδιδάχθημεν τὰ ἄλλα πάντα ψιλὰ γράφεσθαι <span class="bibl">Hdn.<span class="title">Epim.</span>162</span>, cf. <span class="title">An.Ox.</span>1.124: hence <b class="b3">ἐψιλόν</b> as name of the letter ε and <b class="b3">ὐψιλόν</b> as name of υ, which are first found in Anon. post <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Et.Gud.</span>679.6</span>, <span class="bibl">678.55</span>, and Chrysoloras: <b class="b3">ἐ ψιλόν</b> is f. l. in <span class="bibl">D.T.631.5</span>: but in πᾶσα λέξις ἀπὸ τῆς κε συλλαβῆς ἀρχομένη διὰ τοῦ ε ψιλοῦ γράφεται . . πλὴν τοῦ καί, κτλ. <span class="bibl">Hdn.<span class="title">Epim.</span>62</span>, <b class="b3">ε ψ</b>. is not yet merely the name of the letter: for <b class="b3">ὐψιλόν</b> v. sub <b class="b3">ὖ</b>, cf. Sch. Heph.<span class="bibl">p.93C.</span> </span><span class="sense"> <span class="bld">2</span> of mute consonants, the <b class="b2">litterae tenues</b>, <b class="b3">π κ τ,</b> opp. <b class="b3">φ χ θ, ὅσαι γίγνονται χωρὶς τῆς τοῦ πνεύματος ἐκβολῆς</b> <span class="bibl">Arist. <span class="title">Aud.</span>804b10</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">D.H.<span class="title">Comp.</span>14</span>, <span class="bibl">D.T.631.21</span>; <b class="b3">ψιλῶς καλεῖν</b> pronounce <b class="b2">with a littera tenuis</b> for an aspirate, e. g., <b class="b3">ῥάπυς</b> for <b class="b3">ῥάφυς, ἀσπάραγος</b> for <b class="b3">ἀσφάραγος</b>, <span class="bibl">Ath.9.369b</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">Eust.81.5</span>, <span class="bibl">Tz.<span class="title">H.</span>11.58</span>.</span> | |Definition=ή, όν, <span class="sense"> <span class="bld">I</span> of land, <b class="b2">bare</b>, <b class="b3">ψ. ἄροσις</b> <b class="b2">open</b> cornland, <span class="bibl">Il.9.580</span>; πεδίον μέγα τε καὶ ψ. <span class="bibl">Hdt.1.80</span>; ὁ λόφος . . δασὺς ἴδῃσί ἐστι, ἐούσης τῆς ἄλλης Λιβύης ψ. <span class="bibl">Id.4.175</span>; ἀπὸ ψ. τῆς γῆς <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Criti.</span> 111d</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">An.</span>1.5.5</span>, etc.: in full, [γῆ] ψ. δενδρέων <span class="bibl">Hdt.4.19</span>,<span class="bibl">21</span>; <b class="b3">ἄδενδρα καὶ ψ</b>., of the Alps, <span class="bibl">Plb.3.55.9</span>; <b class="b3">τὰ ψ</b>. (sc. <b class="b3">χωρία</b>), opp. <b class="b3">τὰ ὑλώδη</b>, <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">Cyn.</span>5.7</span>; <b class="b3">τόποι ψ</b>. ib.<span class="bibl">4.6</span>; <b class="b3">ψ. γεωργία</b> the tillage of land <b class="b2">for corn and the like</b>, opp. <b class="b3">γ. πεφυτευμένη</b> (the tillage of it <b class="b2">for vines, olives</b>, etc.), <span class="bibl">Arist.<span class="title">Pol.</span>1258b18</span>, <span class="bibl">Thphr.<span class="title">CP</span>3.20.1</span>; so γῆ ψ. <span class="bibl">Eup. 230</span>, <span class="bibl">D.20.115</span>, <span class="title">Tab.Heracl.</span>1.175, 2.33; ἐλαῖαι, ὧν νῦν τὰ πολλὰ ἐκκέκοπται καὶ ἡ γῆ ψ. γεγένηται <span class="bibl">Lys.7.7</span>. </span><span class="sense"> <span class="bld">II</span> of animals, <b class="b2">stripped of hair</b> or <b class="b2">feathers, smooth</b> (cf. λεῖος <span class="bibl">1.3</span>), δέρμα . . ἐλάφοιο <span class="bibl">Od.13.437</span>; σάρξ Hp.<b class="b2">Aër</b>.19; <b class="b3">ἡμίκραιραν ψ. ἔχων</b> with half the head <b class="b2">shaved</b>, <span class="bibl">Ar. <span class="title">Th.</span>227</span>; <b class="b3">ψ. γνάθοι</b> ib.<span class="bibl">583</span>; τὴν ὀσφὺν κομιδῇ ψ. <span class="bibl">Pherecr.23.4</span> (anap.); used of dogs <b class="b2">with a short, smooth coat</b> of hair, <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">Cyn.</span>3.2</span>; τὴν δίποδα ἀγέλην τῷ ψ. καὶ τῷ πτεροφυεῖ τέμνειν <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Plt.</span>266e</span>; ἄνθρωπος -ότατον κατὰ τὸ σῶμα τῶν ζῴων πάντων ἐστί <span class="bibl">Arist.<span class="title">GA</span>745b16</span>; so <b class="b3">ἶβις ψ. τὴν κεφαλήν</b> <b class="b2">without feathers, bald</b> on the head, <span class="bibl">Hdt.2.76</span>; <b class="b2">hairless</b>, of the foetus of a hare, <span class="bibl">Id.3.108</span>; <b class="b3">ψ. τὰ περὶ τὴν κεφαλήν</b>, of the ostrich, <span class="bibl">Arist.<span class="title">PA</span>697b18</span>. </span><span class="sense"> <span class="bld">b</span> <b class="b3">ψιλαὶ Περσικαί</b> Persian <b class="b2">carpets</b>, <span class="bibl">Callix.2</span>; such a carpet is called <b class="b3">ψιλή</b> alone, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">PSI</span>7.858.2</span> (iii B. C., pl.), <span class="bibl">LXX<span class="title">Jo.</span>7.21</span>; <b class="b3">ψιλὴ πολύμιτος</b>, <b class="b2">Babylonicum</b>, Gloss.; <b class="b3">ψιλή</b> = <b class="b2">aulaeum, tapeta</b>, ibid.; cf. [[ψιλόταπις]]. </span><span class="sense"> <span class="bld">2</span> generally, <b class="b2">bare, uncovered</b>, <b class="b3">ψ. ὡς ὁρᾷ νέκυν</b>, i. e. without any earth over it, <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">Ant.</span>426</span>; of a horse which has thrown its rider, <span class="title">AP</span>13.18 (Parmeno). </span><span class="sense"> <span class="bld">b</span> c. gen., <b class="b2">bare of, separated from</b>, <b class="b3">ψ. σώματος οὖσα [ἡ ψυχή</b>] <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Lg.</span>899a</span>; τέχναι ψ. τῶν πράξεων <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Plt.</span>258d</span>; ψ. ὅπλων <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Lg.</span>834c</span>; ἱππέων <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">Cyr.</span>5.3.57</span>; θηρία μεμονωμένα καὶ ψ. τῶν Ἰνδῶν <span class="bibl">Plb.11.1.12</span>. </span><span class="sense"> <span class="bld">c</span> <b class="b2">stripped of appendages, naked</b>, <b class="b3">ψ. [τρόπις</b>] the <b class="b2">bare</b> keel with the planks torn from it, <span class="bibl">Od.12.421</span>; <b class="b3">ψ. μάχαιραι</b> swords <b class="b2">alone, without other arms</b>, etc., <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">Cyr.</span>4.5.58</span>; <b class="b3">θάλαττα ψ</b>. <b class="b2">blank</b> sea, <span class="bibl">Aristid.<span class="title">Or.</span>25(43).50</span>. </span><span class="sense"> <span class="bld">III</span> freq. in Prose, as a military term, of <b class="b2">soldiers without heavy armour, light troops</b>, such as archers and slingers, opp. <b class="b3">ὁπλῖται</b>, first in <span class="bibl">Hdt.7.158</span>, al., freq. in Th., e. g. ὁπλίζει τὸν δῆμον, πρότερον ψ. ὄντα <span class="bibl">3.27</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">Arr.<span class="title">Tact.</span>3.3</span>; ὁ ψ. ὅμιλος <span class="bibl">Th.4.125</span>; so <b class="b3">ψιλοί</b> or <b class="b3">τὸ ψιλόν</b>, opp. <b class="b3">τὸ ὁπλιτικόν</b>, <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">HG</span>4.2.17</span>, <span class="bibl">Arist.<span class="title">Pol.</span>1321a7</span>; <b class="b3">ψιλός</b>, opp. <b class="b3">ὡπλισμένος</b>, <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">Aj.</span>1123</span>: coupled with <b class="b3">ἄσκευος</b>, <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">OC</span>1029</span>; ψιλὸς στρατεύσομαι <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Th.</span>232</span>; ψ. δύναμις <span class="bibl">Arist.<span class="title">Pol.</span>1321a13</span>; <b class="b3">αἱ κοῦφαι καὶ αἱ ψ. ἐργασίαι</b> work <b class="b2">that belongs to unarmed soldiers</b>, ib.<span class="bibl">1321a25</span>; ψ. χερσὶν πρὸς καθωπλισμένους <span class="bibl">Ael.<span class="title">VH</span>6.2</span>: but <b class="b3">ψ. ἔχων τὴν κεφαλήν</b> <b class="b2">bare</b>-headed, <b class="b2">without helmet</b>, <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">An.</span>1.8.6</span>; <b class="b3">ψ. ἵππος</b> a horse <b class="b2">without housings</b>, <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Eq.</span>7.5</span>: <b class="b2">unarmed, defenceless</b>, <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">Ph.</span>953</span>. </span><span class="sense"> <span class="bld">IV</span> <b class="b3">λόγος ψ</b>. <b class="b2">bare</b> language, i. e. <b class="b2">prose</b>, opp. to poetry which is clothed in the garb of metre, <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Mx.</span>239c</span>, Phld.<span class="title">Mus.</span>p.97K.; more freq. in pl., ψ. λόγοι <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Lg.</span>669d</span>; opp. <b class="b3">τὰ μέτρα</b>, <span class="bibl">Arist.<span class="title">Rh.</span>1404b14</span>,<span class="bibl">33</span>: but in <span class="bibl">D.27.54</span> <b class="b3">ψ. λόγος</b> is a <b class="b2">mere</b> speech, a speech <b class="b2">unsupported by evidence;</b> and in <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Tht.</span>165a</span> <b class="b3">ψιλοὶ λόγοι</b> are <b class="b2">mere forms</b> of argumentation, dialectical abstractions (so <b class="b3">ψιλῶς λέγειν</b> speak <b class="b2">nakedly, without alleging proofs</b>, <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Phdr.</span>262c</span>, cf. <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Lg.</span>811e</span>); τὰς πράξεις αὐτὰς ψιλὰς φράζοντες <span class="bibl">Arist.<span class="title">Rh.Al.</span>1438b27</span>. </span><span class="sense"> <span class="bld">2</span> <b class="b3">ποίησις ψ</b>. <b class="b2">mere</b> poetry, <b class="b2">without music</b>, i. e. <span class="title">Epic</span> poetry, opp. <span class="title">Lyric</span> (ἡ ἐν ᾠδῇ), <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Phdr.</span>278c</span>; so ἄνευ ὀργάνων ψ. λόγοι <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Smp.</span>215c</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">Arist.<span class="title">Po.</span>1447a29</span>; <b class="b3">ψ. τῷ στόματι</b>, opp. <b class="b3">μετ' ὀργάνων</b>, as a kind of <b class="b3">μουσική</b>, <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Plt.</span>268b</span>; λύρας φθόγγοι . . ψιλοὶ καὶ ἀμεικτότεροι τῇ φωνῇ <span class="bibl">Arist.<span class="title">Pr.</span>922a16</span>; <b class="b3">ἡ ψ. φωνή</b> the <b class="b2">ordinary</b> sound of the voice, opp. singing (ἡ ᾠδική), <span class="bibl">D.H. <span class="title">Comp.</span>11</span>. </span><span class="sense"> <span class="bld">3</span> <b class="b3">ψ. μουσική</b> <b class="b2">instrumental</b> music <b class="b2">unaccompanied by the voice</b>, opp. <b class="b3">ἡ μετὰ μελῳδίας</b>, <span class="bibl">Arist.<span class="title">Pol.</span>1339b20</span>; <b class="b3">ψιλῷ μέλει διαγωνίζεσθαι πρὸς ᾠδὴν καὶ κιθάραν</b>, of Marsyas, Plu.2.713d, cf. Phld.<span class="title">Mus.</span> p.100K.; so ψ. κιθάρισις καὶ αὔλησις <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Lg.</span>669e</span>; <b class="b3">ψιλὸς αὐλητής</b> one who plays <b class="b2">unaccompanied</b> on the flute (cf. [[ψιλοκιθαριστής]]), Phryn. 145. </span><span class="sense"> <span class="bld">V</span> <b class="b2">mere, simple</b> (cf. supr. IV. 1), <b class="b3">ἀριθμητικὴ ψιλή</b>, opp. geometry and the like, <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Plt.</span>299e</span>; <b class="b3">ὕδωρ ψ</b>., opp. <b class="b3">σὺν οἴνῳ</b>, <span class="bibl">Hp.<span class="title">Int.</span>35</span>; <b class="b3">ψ. ἀναίρεσις</b> <b class="b2">mere</b> removal, <span class="bibl">Phld.<span class="title">Sign.</span>12</span>; <b class="b3">ψ. ἄνδρες</b>, i. e. men <b class="b2">without women</b>, <span class="bibl">Antip.Stoic.3.254</span>:—Oedipus calls Antigone his <b class="b3">ψιλὸν ὄμμα</b>, as being <b class="b2">the one poor</b> eye left him, <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">OC</span>866</span>. Adv. ψιλῶς <b class="b2">merely, only</b>, <span class="bibl">Plu.<span class="title">Per.</span>15</span>; <b class="b3">ἕνεκα τοῦ ψ. εἰπεῖν</b> for the purpose of <b class="b2">merely</b> saying, Sch. Il.<span class="title">Oxy.</span>1086.65; <b class="b3">ψ. ὀνομάζειν</b> call by the <b class="b2">bare</b> name (without epithet), <span class="bibl">Phld.<span class="title">Vit.</span>p.39J.</span> </span><span class="sense"> <span class="bld">VI</span> Gramm. of vowels, ψ. ἦχος <b class="b2">without the spiritus asper</b>, <span class="bibl">Demetr.<span class="title">Eloc.</span>73</span>; ψ. πνεῦμα <span class="bibl">A.D.<span class="title">Adv.</span>148.9</span>, D.T.<span class="title">Supp.</span> 674.15; ψιλῶς λέγεσθαι <span class="bibl">A.D.<span class="title">Pron.</span>57.3</span>. </span><span class="sense"> <span class="bld">b</span> of the letters ε and υ <b class="b2">written simply</b>, not as αι and οι, which represented the sounds in late Gr., μαθόντες τὰ διὰ τοῦ διφθόγγου ᾱῑ τυχὸν ἅπαντα, ἐδιδάχθημεν τὰ ἄλλα πάντα ψιλὰ γράφεσθαι <span class="bibl">Hdn.<span class="title">Epim.</span>162</span>, cf. <span class="title">An.Ox.</span>1.124: hence <b class="b3">ἐψιλόν</b> as name of the letter ε and <b class="b3">ὐψιλόν</b> as name of υ, which are first found in Anon. post <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Et.Gud.</span>679.6</span>, <span class="bibl">678.55</span>, and Chrysoloras: <b class="b3">ἐ ψιλόν</b> is f. l. in <span class="bibl">D.T.631.5</span>: but in πᾶσα λέξις ἀπὸ τῆς κε συλλαβῆς ἀρχομένη διὰ τοῦ ε ψιλοῦ γράφεται . . πλὴν τοῦ καί, κτλ. <span class="bibl">Hdn.<span class="title">Epim.</span>62</span>, <b class="b3">ε ψ</b>. is not yet merely the name of the letter: for <b class="b3">ὐψιλόν</b> v. sub <b class="b3">ὖ</b>, cf. Sch. Heph.<span class="bibl">p.93C.</span> </span><span class="sense"> <span class="bld">2</span> of mute consonants, the <b class="b2">litterae tenues</b>, <b class="b3">π κ τ,</b> opp. <b class="b3">φ χ θ, ὅσαι γίγνονται χωρὶς τῆς τοῦ πνεύματος ἐκβολῆς</b> <span class="bibl">Arist. <span class="title">Aud.</span>804b10</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">D.H.<span class="title">Comp.</span>14</span>, <span class="bibl">D.T.631.21</span>; <b class="b3">ψιλῶς καλεῖν</b> pronounce <b class="b2">with a littera tenuis</b> for an aspirate, e. g., <b class="b3">ῥάπυς</b> for <b class="b3">ῥάφυς, ἀσπάραγος</b> for <b class="b3">ἀσφάραγος</b>, <span class="bibl">Ath.9.369b</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">Eust.81.5</span>, <span class="bibl">Tz.<span class="title">H.</span>11.58</span>.</span> | ||
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|ptext=[[https://www.translatum.gr/images/pape/pape-02-1399.png Seite 1399]] eigtl. abgerieben (ψάω, ψέω), dah. übh. von hervorstehenden, umgebenden Gegenständen entblößt, <b class="b2">nackt, kahl, leer</b>; [[ἄροσις]], kahles Saatfeld, ohne Bäume, II. 9, 580, wie [[πεδίον]] μέγα καὶ ψιλόν Her. 1, 80, vgl. 4, 175, u. vollständig, ψιλὴ δενδρέων, 4, 21; dah. τὰ ψιλά, sc. χωρία, Xen. Cyn. 5, 7, vgl. 4, 6, u. ψιλὴ γῆ, kahles Land ohne Bäume; δένδρων ἐκκοφθέντων Lys. 7, 7; ψιλὴ [[γεωργία]], der bloße Ackerbau, ohne Baumzucht u. Weinbau u. vgl.; γῆ, Ggstz πεφυτευμένη, Dem. 20, 115; Arist. pol. 1, 11; ψιλὴ [[τρόπις]], der bloße Kiel des Schiffes, von dem alle Bretter u. Balken abgerissen sind, Od. 12, 421; ψιλὴ [[ναῦς]], ein bloßes Schiff ohne Ruder, ψιλαὶ μάχαιραι, bloße Degen ohne Scheide, Xen. Cyr. 4, 5,58; [[νέκυς]] Soph. Ant. 422; auch der Waffen beraubt, Ai. 1108; ψιλὴ σώματος οὖσα ἡ [[ψυχή]] Plat. Legg. X, 899 a. – Bes. – a) entblößt von Haaren, <b class="b2">kahl, glatt</b>; [[δέρμα]] Od. 13, 437; Ar. Th. 227; dah. auch wie [[λεῖος]], ohne Bart, mit glattem Kinn; entblößt von Federn, kahl, [[ἶβις]] ψιλὴ κεφαλήν Her. 2, 76; ψιλαὶ περσικαί, persische Teppiche, welche auf einer Seite geschoren waren, Ath. V, 197 b; dah. [[ψιλόταπις]]. – b) in der Kriegssprache ὁ [[ψιλός]], sc. ὅπλων, ein Soldat ohne den schweren Harnisch, den großen Schild u. den großen Speer, ein Leichtbewaffneter, wie [[γυμνής]], Her. u. Folgde; ψιλὸς στρατεύσομαι Ar. Th. 232; Ggstz von ὅπλα ἔχων Plat. Legg. VIII, 833 a; Ggstz von [[ὁπλίτης]], gew. im plur. οἱ ψιλοί, worunter bes. Schleuderer u. Bogenschützen zu verstehen, Xen. An. 3, 3,7. 5, 2,16; auch [[δύναμις]] ψιλή, leichtbewaffnete Kriegsmacht, Arist. pol. 6, 7; ψιλοὶ ἱππεῖς, leichtbewaffnete Reiter (aber ψιλὸς [[ἵππος]] ist ein Pferd ohne Reitdecke, Xen. de re eq. 7, 5); σκευὴ ψιλή, leichte Bewaffnung, Sp. öfters. – c) von der Sprache, ψιλὸς [[λόγος]], die bloße Rede, die Prosa ohne die metrische Hülle der Dichtkunst, vgl. Plat. Legg. II, 669 d Gorg. 502 c Menex. 239 c; Arist. poet. 1, 7; aber Plat. Theaet. 165 a sind ψιλοὶ λόγοι die bloßen Formen der Disputirkunst ohne wirklichen Gehalt; bei Dem. 27, 54 ist ψιλὸς [[λόγος]] (neben μαρτυρίαν οὐδεμίαν ἐνεβάλετο) eine durch Zeugnisse nicht beglaubigte Rede; vgl. [[ὅταν]] τις ψιλῷ χρησάμενος λόγῳ μὴ παράσχηται πίστιν 22, 22; so auch das adv., ὡς νῦν γε ψιλῶς πως λέγομεν οὐκ ἔχοντες ἱκανὰ παραδείγματα Plat. Phaedr. 262 c. – Ψιλοὶ ἄνδρες, ohne Frauen, Antipat. bei Stob. fl. 67, 25 A.; – ψιλὴ [[φωνή]], die bloße Stimme, Ggstz des Gesanges, ᾠδικὴ [[φωνή]], vgl. Jac. Ach. Tat. p. 488; – ψιλὴ [[ποίησις]], die bloße Poesie ohne Gesang, Ggstz der [[ποίησις]] ἐν ᾠδῇ, die zu singen ist, also die epische Poesie im Ggstz der lyrischen, Plat. Phaedr. 278 c; vgl. [[ψιλομετρία]]; auch übh. Poesie ohne musikalische Begleitung; – ψιλὴ [[αὔλησις]], [[κιθάρισις]], das bloße Flöten-, Citherspiel ohne Begleitung durch Gesang u. andere Instrumente; dah. ψιλὸς [[αὐλητής]], der bloß die Flöte bläs't, ohne dazu singen zu lassen, vgl. [[ψιλοκιθαριστής]]. Dah. heißen die Instrumente, zu denen nicht gesungen zu werden pflegt, zu welchen kein Gesang paßt, ψιλά, Schäf. D. Hal. de C. V. p. 136 melet. p. 168. – Bei den Gramm. = ohne den spiritus asper, also mit dem spiritus lenis; – τὰ ψιλὰ στοιχεῖα, auch allein τὰ ψιλά, die hauchlosen Buchstaben, tenues, π, κ, τ; dah. ψιλῶς γράφειν, καλεῖν, mit einer tenuis schreiben, z. B. [[ῥάπυς]] statt [[ῥάφυς]], [[ἀσπάραγος]] statt [[ἀσφάραγος]] u. vgl., Ath. IX, 369 b. | |||
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Revision as of 19:54, 2 August 2017
English (LSJ)
ή, όν, I of land, bare, ψ. ἄροσις open cornland, Il.9.580; πεδίον μέγα τε καὶ ψ. Hdt.1.80; ὁ λόφος . . δασὺς ἴδῃσί ἐστι, ἐούσης τῆς ἄλλης Λιβύης ψ. Id.4.175; ἀπὸ ψ. τῆς γῆς Pl.Criti. 111d, cf. X.An.1.5.5, etc.: in full, [γῆ] ψ. δενδρέων Hdt.4.19,21; ἄδενδρα καὶ ψ., of the Alps, Plb.3.55.9; τὰ ψ. (sc. χωρία), opp. τὰ ὑλώδη, X.Cyn.5.7; τόποι ψ. ib.4.6; ψ. γεωργία the tillage of land for corn and the like, opp. γ. πεφυτευμένη (the tillage of it for vines, olives, etc.), Arist.Pol.1258b18, Thphr.CP3.20.1; so γῆ ψ. Eup. 230, D.20.115, Tab.Heracl.1.175, 2.33; ἐλαῖαι, ὧν νῦν τὰ πολλὰ ἐκκέκοπται καὶ ἡ γῆ ψ. γεγένηται Lys.7.7. II of animals, stripped of hair or feathers, smooth (cf. λεῖος 1.3), δέρμα . . ἐλάφοιο Od.13.437; σάρξ Hp.Aër.19; ἡμίκραιραν ψ. ἔχων with half the head shaved, Ar. Th.227; ψ. γνάθοι ib.583; τὴν ὀσφὺν κομιδῇ ψ. Pherecr.23.4 (anap.); used of dogs with a short, smooth coat of hair, X.Cyn.3.2; τὴν δίποδα ἀγέλην τῷ ψ. καὶ τῷ πτεροφυεῖ τέμνειν Pl.Plt.266e; ἄνθρωπος -ότατον κατὰ τὸ σῶμα τῶν ζῴων πάντων ἐστί Arist.GA745b16; so ἶβις ψ. τὴν κεφαλήν without feathers, bald on the head, Hdt.2.76; hairless, of the foetus of a hare, Id.3.108; ψ. τὰ περὶ τὴν κεφαλήν, of the ostrich, Arist.PA697b18. b ψιλαὶ Περσικαί Persian carpets, Callix.2; such a carpet is called ψιλή alone, PSI7.858.2 (iii B. C., pl.), LXXJo.7.21; ψιλὴ πολύμιτος, Babylonicum, Gloss.; ψιλή = aulaeum, tapeta, ibid.; cf. ψιλόταπις. 2 generally, bare, uncovered, ψ. ὡς ὁρᾷ νέκυν, i. e. without any earth over it, S.Ant.426; of a horse which has thrown its rider, AP13.18 (Parmeno). b c. gen., bare of, separated from, ψ. σώματος οὖσα [ἡ ψυχή] Pl.Lg.899a; τέχναι ψ. τῶν πράξεων Id.Plt.258d; ψ. ὅπλων Id.Lg.834c; ἱππέων X.Cyr.5.3.57; θηρία μεμονωμένα καὶ ψ. τῶν Ἰνδῶν Plb.11.1.12. c stripped of appendages, naked, ψ. [τρόπις] the bare keel with the planks torn from it, Od.12.421; ψ. μάχαιραι swords alone, without other arms, etc., X.Cyr.4.5.58; θάλαττα ψ. blank sea, Aristid.Or.25(43).50. III freq. in Prose, as a military term, of soldiers without heavy armour, light troops, such as archers and slingers, opp. ὁπλῖται, first in Hdt.7.158, al., freq. in Th., e. g. ὁπλίζει τὸν δῆμον, πρότερον ψ. ὄντα 3.27, cf. Arr.Tact.3.3; ὁ ψ. ὅμιλος Th.4.125; so ψιλοί or τὸ ψιλόν, opp. τὸ ὁπλιτικόν, X.HG4.2.17, Arist.Pol.1321a7; ψιλός, opp. ὡπλισμένος, S.Aj.1123: coupled with ἄσκευος, Id.OC1029; ψιλὸς στρατεύσομαι Ar.Th.232; ψ. δύναμις Arist.Pol.1321a13; αἱ κοῦφαι καὶ αἱ ψ. ἐργασίαι work that belongs to unarmed soldiers, ib.1321a25; ψ. χερσὶν πρὸς καθωπλισμένους Ael.VH6.2: but ψ. ἔχων τὴν κεφαλήν bare-headed, without helmet, X.An.1.8.6; ψ. ἵππος a horse without housings, Id.Eq.7.5: unarmed, defenceless, S.Ph.953. IV λόγος ψ. bare language, i. e. prose, opp. to poetry which is clothed in the garb of metre, Pl.Mx.239c, Phld.Mus.p.97K.; more freq. in pl., ψ. λόγοι Pl.Lg.669d; opp. τὰ μέτρα, Arist.Rh.1404b14,33: but in D.27.54 ψ. λόγος is a mere speech, a speech unsupported by evidence; and in Pl.Tht.165a ψιλοὶ λόγοι are mere forms of argumentation, dialectical abstractions (so ψιλῶς λέγειν speak nakedly, without alleging proofs, Id.Phdr.262c, cf. Lg.811e); τὰς πράξεις αὐτὰς ψιλὰς φράζοντες Arist.Rh.Al.1438b27. 2 ποίησις ψ. mere poetry, without music, i. e. Epic poetry, opp. Lyric (ἡ ἐν ᾠδῇ), Pl.Phdr.278c; so ἄνευ ὀργάνων ψ. λόγοι Id.Smp.215c, cf. Arist.Po.1447a29; ψ. τῷ στόματι, opp. μετ' ὀργάνων, as a kind of μουσική, Pl.Plt.268b; λύρας φθόγγοι . . ψιλοὶ καὶ ἀμεικτότεροι τῇ φωνῇ Arist.Pr.922a16; ἡ ψ. φωνή the ordinary sound of the voice, opp. singing (ἡ ᾠδική), D.H. Comp.11. 3 ψ. μουσική instrumental music unaccompanied by the voice, opp. ἡ μετὰ μελῳδίας, Arist.Pol.1339b20; ψιλῷ μέλει διαγωνίζεσθαι πρὸς ᾠδὴν καὶ κιθάραν, of Marsyas, Plu.2.713d, cf. Phld.Mus. p.100K.; so ψ. κιθάρισις καὶ αὔλησις Pl.Lg.669e; ψιλὸς αὐλητής one who plays unaccompanied on the flute (cf. ψιλοκιθαριστής), Phryn. 145. V mere, simple (cf. supr. IV. 1), ἀριθμητικὴ ψιλή, opp. geometry and the like, Pl.Plt.299e; ὕδωρ ψ., opp. σὺν οἴνῳ, Hp.Int.35; ψ. ἀναίρεσις mere removal, Phld.Sign.12; ψ. ἄνδρες, i. e. men without women, Antip.Stoic.3.254:—Oedipus calls Antigone his ψιλὸν ὄμμα, as being the one poor eye left him, S.OC866. Adv. ψιλῶς merely, only, Plu.Per.15; ἕνεκα τοῦ ψ. εἰπεῖν for the purpose of merely saying, Sch. Il.Oxy.1086.65; ψ. ὀνομάζειν call by the bare name (without epithet), Phld.Vit.p.39J. VI Gramm. of vowels, ψ. ἦχος without the spiritus asper, Demetr.Eloc.73; ψ. πνεῦμα A.D.Adv.148.9, D.T.Supp. 674.15; ψιλῶς λέγεσθαι A.D.Pron.57.3. b of the letters ε and υ written simply, not as αι and οι, which represented the sounds in late Gr., μαθόντες τὰ διὰ τοῦ διφθόγγου ᾱῑ τυχὸν ἅπαντα, ἐδιδάχθημεν τὰ ἄλλα πάντα ψιλὰ γράφεσθαι Hdn.Epim.162, cf. An.Ox.1.124: hence ἐψιλόν as name of the letter ε and ὐψιλόν as name of υ, which are first found in Anon. post Et.Gud.679.6, 678.55, and Chrysoloras: ἐ ψιλόν is f. l. in D.T.631.5: but in πᾶσα λέξις ἀπὸ τῆς κε συλλαβῆς ἀρχομένη διὰ τοῦ ε ψιλοῦ γράφεται . . πλὴν τοῦ καί, κτλ. Hdn.Epim.62, ε ψ. is not yet merely the name of the letter: for ὐψιλόν v. sub ὖ, cf. Sch. Heph.p.93C. 2 of mute consonants, the litterae tenues, π κ τ, opp. φ χ θ, ὅσαι γίγνονται χωρὶς τῆς τοῦ πνεύματος ἐκβολῆς Arist. Aud.804b10, cf. D.H.Comp.14, D.T.631.21; ψιλῶς καλεῖν pronounce with a littera tenuis for an aspirate, e. g., ῥάπυς for ῥάφυς, ἀσπάραγος for ἀσφάραγος, Ath.9.369b, cf. Eust.81.5, Tz.H.11.58.
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[Seite 1399] eigtl. abgerieben (ψάω, ψέω), dah. übh. von hervorstehenden, umgebenden Gegenständen entblößt, nackt, kahl, leer; ἄροσις, kahles Saatfeld, ohne Bäume, II. 9, 580, wie πεδίον μέγα καὶ ψιλόν Her. 1, 80, vgl. 4, 175, u. vollständig, ψιλὴ δενδρέων, 4, 21; dah. τὰ ψιλά, sc. χωρία, Xen. Cyn. 5, 7, vgl. 4, 6, u. ψιλὴ γῆ, kahles Land ohne Bäume; δένδρων ἐκκοφθέντων Lys. 7, 7; ψιλὴ γεωργία, der bloße Ackerbau, ohne Baumzucht u. Weinbau u. vgl.; γῆ, Ggstz πεφυτευμένη, Dem. 20, 115; Arist. pol. 1, 11; ψιλὴ τρόπις, der bloße Kiel des Schiffes, von dem alle Bretter u. Balken abgerissen sind, Od. 12, 421; ψιλὴ ναῦς, ein bloßes Schiff ohne Ruder, ψιλαὶ μάχαιραι, bloße Degen ohne Scheide, Xen. Cyr. 4, 5,58; νέκυς Soph. Ant. 422; auch der Waffen beraubt, Ai. 1108; ψιλὴ σώματος οὖσα ἡ ψυχή Plat. Legg. X, 899 a. – Bes. – a) entblößt von Haaren, kahl, glatt; δέρμα Od. 13, 437; Ar. Th. 227; dah. auch wie λεῖος, ohne Bart, mit glattem Kinn; entblößt von Federn, kahl, ἶβις ψιλὴ κεφαλήν Her. 2, 76; ψιλαὶ περσικαί, persische Teppiche, welche auf einer Seite geschoren waren, Ath. V, 197 b; dah. ψιλόταπις. – b) in der Kriegssprache ὁ ψιλός, sc. ὅπλων, ein Soldat ohne den schweren Harnisch, den großen Schild u. den großen Speer, ein Leichtbewaffneter, wie γυμνής, Her. u. Folgde; ψιλὸς στρατεύσομαι Ar. Th. 232; Ggstz von ὅπλα ἔχων Plat. Legg. VIII, 833 a; Ggstz von ὁπλίτης, gew. im plur. οἱ ψιλοί, worunter bes. Schleuderer u. Bogenschützen zu verstehen, Xen. An. 3, 3,7. 5, 2,16; auch δύναμις ψιλή, leichtbewaffnete Kriegsmacht, Arist. pol. 6, 7; ψιλοὶ ἱππεῖς, leichtbewaffnete Reiter (aber ψιλὸς ἵππος ist ein Pferd ohne Reitdecke, Xen. de re eq. 7, 5); σκευὴ ψιλή, leichte Bewaffnung, Sp. öfters. – c) von der Sprache, ψιλὸς λόγος, die bloße Rede, die Prosa ohne die metrische Hülle der Dichtkunst, vgl. Plat. Legg. II, 669 d Gorg. 502 c Menex. 239 c; Arist. poet. 1, 7; aber Plat. Theaet. 165 a sind ψιλοὶ λόγοι die bloßen Formen der Disputirkunst ohne wirklichen Gehalt; bei Dem. 27, 54 ist ψιλὸς λόγος (neben μαρτυρίαν οὐδεμίαν ἐνεβάλετο) eine durch Zeugnisse nicht beglaubigte Rede; vgl. ὅταν τις ψιλῷ χρησάμενος λόγῳ μὴ παράσχηται πίστιν 22, 22; so auch das adv., ὡς νῦν γε ψιλῶς πως λέγομεν οὐκ ἔχοντες ἱκανὰ παραδείγματα Plat. Phaedr. 262 c. – Ψιλοὶ ἄνδρες, ohne Frauen, Antipat. bei Stob. fl. 67, 25 A.; – ψιλὴ φωνή, die bloße Stimme, Ggstz des Gesanges, ᾠδικὴ φωνή, vgl. Jac. Ach. Tat. p. 488; – ψιλὴ ποίησις, die bloße Poesie ohne Gesang, Ggstz der ποίησις ἐν ᾠδῇ, die zu singen ist, also die epische Poesie im Ggstz der lyrischen, Plat. Phaedr. 278 c; vgl. ψιλομετρία; auch übh. Poesie ohne musikalische Begleitung; – ψιλὴ αὔλησις, κιθάρισις, das bloße Flöten-, Citherspiel ohne Begleitung durch Gesang u. andere Instrumente; dah. ψιλὸς αὐλητής, der bloß die Flöte bläs't, ohne dazu singen zu lassen, vgl. ψιλοκιθαριστής. Dah. heißen die Instrumente, zu denen nicht gesungen zu werden pflegt, zu welchen kein Gesang paßt, ψιλά, Schäf. D. Hal. de C. V. p. 136 melet. p. 168. – Bei den Gramm. = ohne den spiritus asper, also mit dem spiritus lenis; – τὰ ψιλὰ στοιχεῖα, auch allein τὰ ψιλά, die hauchlosen Buchstaben, tenues, π, κ, τ; dah. ψιλῶς γράφειν, καλεῖν, mit einer tenuis schreiben, z. B. ῥάπυς statt ῥάφυς, ἀσπάραγος statt ἀσφάραγος u. vgl., Ath. IX, 369 b.