πονέω: Difference between revisions
Έγ', ὦ ταλαίπωρ', αὐτὸς ὧν χρείᾳ πάρει. Τὰ πολλὰ γάρ τοι ῥήματ' ἢ τέρψαντά τι, ἢ δυσχεράναντ', ἢ κατοικτίσαντά πως, παρέσχε φωνὴν τοῖς ἀφωνήτοις τινά –> Wretched brother, tell him what you need. A multitude of words can be pleasurable, burdensome, or they can arouse pity somehow — they give a kind of voice to the voiceless.
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|Definition=πονέομαι, <span class="sense"> <span class="bld">A</span> in early Greek only Med. <b class="b3">πονέομαι</b>, inf. -έεσθαι <span class="bibl">Il.10.116</span>: impf. <b class="b3">ἐπονεῖτο</b>, Ep. πονεῖτο <span class="bibl">9.12</span>: fut. πονήσομαι <span class="bibl">23.159</span>, <span class="bibl">Hp.<span class="title">Mul.</span>1.4</span>, later πονέσομαι <span class="bibl">Luc.<span class="title">Asin.</span>9</span>: aor. <b class="b3">ἐπονησάμην</b>, Ep. πονήσατο <span class="bibl">Il.9.348</span>, (δια-) <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Lg.</span>966c</span>, <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">Eq.</span>5.10</span>; <b class="b3">ἐπονήθην</b> f.l. in <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Hel.</span>1509</span> (lyr.), (δια-) <span class="bibl">Isoc.15.267</span>: pf. <b class="b3">πεπόνημαι</b>, Ion.3pl.—-έαται <span class="bibl">Hdt.2.63</span>, Ep.-ήαται <span class="bibl">Arat.82</span>, Att. -ηνται <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Phlb.</span>58e</span>: plpf. πεπόνητο <span class="bibl">Il.15.447</span>, Ep.3pl. -ήατο <span class="bibl">A.R.2.263</span>: </span><span class="sense"> <span class="bld">I</span> abs., <b class="b2">work hard</b>, ὡς ἐπονεῖτο <span class="bibl">Il.2.409</span>; <b class="b3">ὄφελεν πονέεσθαι λισσόμενος</b> he ought <b class="b2">to suffer toil</b> in praying, <span class="bibl">10.117</span>; <b class="b3">ὅπλα... τοῖς ἐπονεῖτο</b> with which <b class="b2">he did his work</b>, of Hephaestus, <span class="bibl">18.413</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">Od.16.13</span>; <b class="b3">περὶ δόρπα . . πονέοντο</b> <b class="b2">were busied</b> about their supper, <span class="bibl">Il.24.444</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">Hdt.2.63</span>, <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Phlb.</span>58e</span>; so <b class="b3">πεπόνητο καθ' ἵππους</b> <b class="b2">was busy</b> with the horses, of a charioteer, <span class="bibl">Il.15.447</span>; <b class="b3">πονέοντο κατὰ κρατερὴν ὑσμίνην</b> <b class="b2">were toiling</b> in the fight, <span class="bibl">5.84</span>, etc.; hence <b class="b3">πονεῖσθαι</b> alone = [[μάχεσθαι]], <span class="bibl">4.374</span>, <span class="bibl">13.288</span>; <b class="b3">π. τινός</b> <b class="b2">to be busy</b> with... <span class="bibl">Arat.82</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">758</span>. </span><span class="sense"> <span class="bld">2</span> <b class="b2">suffer</b> from illness, <b class="b2">be sick</b>, <span class="bibl">Th.2.51</span>. </span><span class="sense"> <span class="bld">II</span> c. acc., <b class="b2">work hard at, make</b> or <b class="b2">do with pains</b> or <b class="b2">care</b>, τύμβον <span class="bibl">Il.23.245</span>; ταῦτ' ἐπονεῖτο ἰδυίῃσι πραπίδεσσι <span class="bibl">18.380</span>; ὅπλα . . πονησάμενοι κατὰ νῆα <span class="bibl">Od.11.9</span>; πονησάμενος τὰ ἃ ἔργα <span class="bibl">9.250</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">Il.9.348</span>, <span class="bibl">Hes.<span class="title">Op.</span>432</span> (sc. <b class="b3">ἄροτρα</b>) ; πονεύμενος ἕρκος ἀλωῆς <span class="bibl">Mosch.4.100</span>; πεπονήατο δαῖτα γέροντι <span class="bibl">A.R.2.263</span>. </span><span class="sense"> <span class="bld">B</span> after Hom., the act. form <b class="b3">πονέω</b> prevails: fut. πονήσω <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Pr.</span> 344</span>, <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">R.</span>410b</span>, <span class="bibl">Hp.<span class="title">Mul.</span>1.2</span>,<span class="bibl">5</span>; later πονέσω <span class="bibl">Arist.<span class="title">Mech.</span>856b9</span>, <b class="b2">Lyr. Alex.Adesp</b>.<span class="bibl">37.3</span>, <span class="bibl">LXX<span class="title">Is.</span>19.10</span>, al., and in codd. of <span class="bibl">Hp.<span class="title">Aph.</span>4.32</span>: aor. <b class="b3">ἐπόνησα</b>, Dor. <b class="b3">-ᾱσα</b>, <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Hipp.</span>1369</span> (anap.), <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">R.</span>462d</span>, <span class="bibl">Hp.<span class="title">Acut.</span>46</span>, <span class="bibl">Theoc.15.80</span>; poet. πόνησα <span class="bibl">Pi.<span class="title">N.</span>7.36</span>; later ἐπόνεσα <span class="bibl">LXX <span class="title">1 Ki.</span>23.21</span>, al., <span class="bibl">Ph.<span class="title">Bel.</span>58.1</span>, al., <span class="bibl">Polyaen.3.10.6</span>, etc., and in codd. of <span class="bibl">Hp.<span class="title">Coac.</span> 489</span>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Morb.</span>1.4</span>,<span class="bibl">14</span>: pf. πεπόνηκα <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Pax</span>820</span>, <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">Cyr.</span>4.5.22</span>, <span class="bibl">Hp.<span class="title">Vict.</span> 2.66</span>; later πεπόνεκα <span class="bibl"><span class="title">PMich.Zen.</span>104.3</span> (iii B.C.): plpf. ἐπεπονήκει <span class="bibl">Th. 7.38</span>:—Pass., aor. <b class="b3">ἐπονήθην</b> (ἐξ-) <span class="bibl">Id.6.31</span>; Dor. subj. πονᾱθῇ <span class="bibl">Pi.<span class="title">O.</span>6.11</span>: pf. πεπόνημαι <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">Tr.</span>985</span> (anap.), <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Phdr.</span>232a</span> (v. infr. <span class="bibl">1.3</span>): </span><span class="sense"> <span class="bld">I</span> intr., <b class="b2">toil, labour</b>, περὶ λήϊον <span class="bibl">Hdt.2.14</span>; ἐς ἄκαιρα πονεῖν <span class="bibl">Thgn.919</span>; <b class="b3">πόνει μετ' εὐκλείας</b> Anon ap.Stob.3.1.173 = <span class="title">JHS</span>27.63 (Cyzicus, iv/iii B.C.); <b class="b3">ἄλλως, μάτην π</b>., <b class="b2">labour</b> in vain, <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">OT</span>1151</span>, <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">HF</span>501</span>: c.acc., <b class="b3">τὰ μηδὲν ὠφελοῦντα μὴ πόνει μάτην</b> <b class="b2">do</b> not <b class="b2">labour at . .</b>, <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Pr.</span>44</span>; ἀνήνυτα π. <span class="bibl">Pl. <span class="title">R.</span>531a</span>: rarely of things, τίς . . αἶνος ἐπ' ἀνδρὶ θείῳ . . πονήσει; <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Ag.</span> 1550</span> (lyr., dub., leg. <b class="b3">αἶνον</b>). </span><span class="sense"> <span class="bld">2</span> c. acc. cogn., <b class="b3">π. πόνον</b> <b class="b2">go through, suffer</b> toil, <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Pers.</span>682</span>, <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Hec.</span>779</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">Ph.</span>1419</span>, <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Hipp.</span>1369</span> (anap.), <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">R.</span>410b</span>, etc.; περὶ τῶν παθημάτων ὧν νοσέουσί τε καὶ πονέουσι <span class="bibl">Hp. <span class="title">VM</span>2</span>, etc.; ἅμιλλαν ποδοῖν <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">IA</span>212</span> (lyr.); π. πολλά <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Supp.</span>577</span>: with modal words, <b class="b3">π. τινί</b> <b class="b2">suffer in</b> or <b class="b2">by</b> a thing, <span class="bibl">Pi.<span class="title">N.</span>7.36</span>; δίψῃ <span class="bibl">A. <span class="title">Pers.</span>484</span>; ὑπὸ χειμῶνος <span class="bibl">Antipho 2.2.1</span>; τῇ κυήσει <span class="bibl">Arist.<span class="title">HA</span>570b3</span>; <b class="b3">εἰρεσίᾳ</b> Polyaen.l.c.: c.acc. partis, <b class="b3">πεπόνηκα . . τὼ σκέλει</b> mylegs <b class="b2">ache</b>, <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Pax</span>820</span>; <b class="b3">π. τὰς κεφαλάς, τοὺς ὀφθαλμούς, τὰ γόνατα</b>, <b class="b2">have a pain</b> in... <span class="bibl">Arist.<span class="title">HA</span>557a10</span>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Pr.</span>959b21</span>, <span class="bibl">882b25</span>: with modal dat. added, π. πλευρὰν πικρᾷ γλωχῖνι <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">Tr.</span>681</span>: abs., <b class="b2">labour under sickness, suffer</b>, <span class="bibl">Hp.<span class="title">VM</span>8</span>; <b class="b2">suffer damage</b>, ἅπαν ἂν συμπαθὲς ἦν ἑνὸς μορίου πονήσαντος <span class="bibl">Arist.<span class="title">PA</span>690b4</span>; also, <b class="b2">suffer pain</b>, <b class="b3">ἀεὶ π. τὸ ζῷον</b> Anaxag.ap eund.<span class="bibl"><span class="title">EN</span> 1154b7</span>; of an army, <b class="b2">to be hard-pressed, suffer</b>, <span class="bibl">Th.5.73</span>, <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">Cyr.</span>1.4.21</span>, etc.; of ships, <span class="bibl">Th.7.38</span>; of implements, arms, etc., <b class="b2">to be worn out, spoilt</b>, or <b class="b2">damaged</b>, <span class="bibl">D.18.194</span>, <span class="bibl">Plb.3.49.11</span>, <span class="title">Inscr.Délos</span>442 <span class="title">B</span>204, al. (ii B.C.); τὰ σπαρτία ἧττον πονέσει Arist.<span class="title">Mech.</span>l.c.; ῥίζαι πεπονηκυῖαι <span class="bibl">Thphr.<span class="title">HP</span>3.7.1</span>; of buildings, <b class="b2">to be dilapidated</b>, PEnteux.6.3 (iii B.C.), etc. </span><span class="sense"> <span class="bld">3</span> Pass., impers., <b class="b3">οὐκ ἄλλως αὐτοῖς πεπόνηται</b>, = [[πεπονήκασι]], <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Phdr.</span>232a</span>. </span><span class="sense"> <span class="bld">II</span> trans., </span><span class="sense"> <span class="bld">1</span> c.acc. pers., <b class="b2">afflict, distress</b>, <span class="bibl">Pi.<span class="title">P.</span> 4.151</span>, cj. in <span class="title">Anacreont.</span>33.14:—Pass., <b class="b2">to be afflicted</b> or <b class="b2">worn out, suffer greatly</b>, πεπονημένος ὀδύναις <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">Tr.</span>985</span> (anap.); πόλεως πονουμένης τῷ πολέμῳ <span class="bibl">Th.4.59</span>; τόν τε θνῄσκοντα καὶ τὸν πονούμενον <span class="bibl">Id.2.51</span>. </span><span class="sense"> <span class="bld">b</span> Pass., <b class="b2">to be trained</b> or <b class="b2">educated</b>, <b class="b3">δοκεῖ ὁ κατ' ἀλήθειαν πολιτικὸς πεπονῆσθαι περὶ [τὴν ἀρετήν</b>] <span class="bibl">Arist.<span class="title">EN</span>1102a8</span>; πεπονημένην ἔχειν τὴν ἕξιν <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Pol.</span>1335b8</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">Theoc.13.14</span>; <b class="b3">πεπονημένον ὑπό μου</b> though he <b class="b2">owes his training</b> to me, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">PCair.Zen.</span>378.16</span> (iii B.C.). </span><span class="sense"> <span class="bld">2</span> c. acc. rei, <b class="b2">gain by toil</b> or <b class="b2">labour</b>, [<b class="b3">χρήματα</b>] <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">An.</span>7.6.41</span>:—Pass., <b class="b2">to be won</b> or <b class="b2">achieved by toil</b>, καλὸν εἴ τι ποναθῇ <span class="bibl">Pi.<span class="title">O.</span>6.11</span>, cf. <span class="bibl"><span class="title">P.</span>9.93</span>. </span><span class="sense"> <span class="bld">b</span> Pass., of meats, <b class="b2">to be dressed, cooked</b>, <span class="bibl">Ptol.Euerg.9J.</span>, <span class="bibl">Phld.<span class="title">Mort.</span>24</span>; ἄρτος πεπονημένος <b class="b2">specially prepared</b>, <span class="bibl">Sor.1.94</span>.—The rule of <span class="bibl">Choerob. <span class="title">in Theod.</span>2.137</span> H., <span class="bibl"><span class="title">EM</span>130.3</span>, that when <b class="b3">πονέω</b> means <b class="b2">toil</b>, the fut. and aor. are <b class="b3">πονήσω, ἐπόνησα</b>, when <b class="b2">suffer pain</b>, <b class="b3">πονέσω, ἐπόνεσα</b>, is not borne out by the examples (v. supr.).—The fut. Med. <b class="b3">κατα-πονήσομαι</b> is used as trans. by <span class="bibl">D.S.11.15</span>; so aor. Pass. <b class="b3">πονήθη</b> in <span class="title">IG</span>9(1).867.6 (Corc., vii/vi B.C.); and the intr. and trans. senses are united in <span class="title">Anacreont.</span> 33.14 (cj.), 15.</span> | |Definition=πονέομαι, <span class="sense"> <span class="bld">A</span> in early Greek only Med. <b class="b3">πονέομαι</b>, inf. -έεσθαι <span class="bibl">Il.10.116</span>: impf. <b class="b3">ἐπονεῖτο</b>, Ep. πονεῖτο <span class="bibl">9.12</span>: fut. πονήσομαι <span class="bibl">23.159</span>, <span class="bibl">Hp.<span class="title">Mul.</span>1.4</span>, later πονέσομαι <span class="bibl">Luc.<span class="title">Asin.</span>9</span>: aor. <b class="b3">ἐπονησάμην</b>, Ep. πονήσατο <span class="bibl">Il.9.348</span>, (δια-) <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Lg.</span>966c</span>, <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">Eq.</span>5.10</span>; <b class="b3">ἐπονήθην</b> f.l. in <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Hel.</span>1509</span> (lyr.), (δια-) <span class="bibl">Isoc.15.267</span>: pf. <b class="b3">πεπόνημαι</b>, Ion.3pl.—-έαται <span class="bibl">Hdt.2.63</span>, Ep.-ήαται <span class="bibl">Arat.82</span>, Att. -ηνται <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Phlb.</span>58e</span>: plpf. πεπόνητο <span class="bibl">Il.15.447</span>, Ep.3pl. -ήατο <span class="bibl">A.R.2.263</span>: </span><span class="sense"> <span class="bld">I</span> abs., <b class="b2">work hard</b>, ὡς ἐπονεῖτο <span class="bibl">Il.2.409</span>; <b class="b3">ὄφελεν πονέεσθαι λισσόμενος</b> he ought <b class="b2">to suffer toil</b> in praying, <span class="bibl">10.117</span>; <b class="b3">ὅπλα... τοῖς ἐπονεῖτο</b> with which <b class="b2">he did his work</b>, of Hephaestus, <span class="bibl">18.413</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">Od.16.13</span>; <b class="b3">περὶ δόρπα . . πονέοντο</b> <b class="b2">were busied</b> about their supper, <span class="bibl">Il.24.444</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">Hdt.2.63</span>, <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Phlb.</span>58e</span>; so <b class="b3">πεπόνητο καθ' ἵππους</b> <b class="b2">was busy</b> with the horses, of a charioteer, <span class="bibl">Il.15.447</span>; <b class="b3">πονέοντο κατὰ κρατερὴν ὑσμίνην</b> <b class="b2">were toiling</b> in the fight, <span class="bibl">5.84</span>, etc.; hence <b class="b3">πονεῖσθαι</b> alone = [[μάχεσθαι]], <span class="bibl">4.374</span>, <span class="bibl">13.288</span>; <b class="b3">π. τινός</b> <b class="b2">to be busy</b> with... <span class="bibl">Arat.82</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">758</span>. </span><span class="sense"> <span class="bld">2</span> <b class="b2">suffer</b> from illness, <b class="b2">be sick</b>, <span class="bibl">Th.2.51</span>. </span><span class="sense"> <span class="bld">II</span> c. acc., <b class="b2">work hard at, make</b> or <b class="b2">do with pains</b> or <b class="b2">care</b>, τύμβον <span class="bibl">Il.23.245</span>; ταῦτ' ἐπονεῖτο ἰδυίῃσι πραπίδεσσι <span class="bibl">18.380</span>; ὅπλα . . πονησάμενοι κατὰ νῆα <span class="bibl">Od.11.9</span>; πονησάμενος τὰ ἃ ἔργα <span class="bibl">9.250</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">Il.9.348</span>, <span class="bibl">Hes.<span class="title">Op.</span>432</span> (sc. <b class="b3">ἄροτρα</b>) ; πονεύμενος ἕρκος ἀλωῆς <span class="bibl">Mosch.4.100</span>; πεπονήατο δαῖτα γέροντι <span class="bibl">A.R.2.263</span>. </span><span class="sense"> <span class="bld">B</span> after Hom., the act. form <b class="b3">πονέω</b> prevails: fut. πονήσω <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Pr.</span> 344</span>, <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">R.</span>410b</span>, <span class="bibl">Hp.<span class="title">Mul.</span>1.2</span>,<span class="bibl">5</span>; later πονέσω <span class="bibl">Arist.<span class="title">Mech.</span>856b9</span>, <b class="b2">Lyr. Alex.Adesp</b>.<span class="bibl">37.3</span>, <span class="bibl">LXX<span class="title">Is.</span>19.10</span>, al., and in codd. of <span class="bibl">Hp.<span class="title">Aph.</span>4.32</span>: aor. <b class="b3">ἐπόνησα</b>, Dor. <b class="b3">-ᾱσα</b>, <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Hipp.</span>1369</span> (anap.), <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">R.</span>462d</span>, <span class="bibl">Hp.<span class="title">Acut.</span>46</span>, <span class="bibl">Theoc.15.80</span>; poet. πόνησα <span class="bibl">Pi.<span class="title">N.</span>7.36</span>; later ἐπόνεσα <span class="bibl">LXX <span class="title">1 Ki.</span>23.21</span>, al., <span class="bibl">Ph.<span class="title">Bel.</span>58.1</span>, al., <span class="bibl">Polyaen.3.10.6</span>, etc., and in codd. of <span class="bibl">Hp.<span class="title">Coac.</span> 489</span>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Morb.</span>1.4</span>,<span class="bibl">14</span>: pf. πεπόνηκα <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Pax</span>820</span>, <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">Cyr.</span>4.5.22</span>, <span class="bibl">Hp.<span class="title">Vict.</span> 2.66</span>; later πεπόνεκα <span class="bibl"><span class="title">PMich.Zen.</span>104.3</span> (iii B.C.): plpf. ἐπεπονήκει <span class="bibl">Th. 7.38</span>:—Pass., aor. <b class="b3">ἐπονήθην</b> (ἐξ-) <span class="bibl">Id.6.31</span>; Dor. subj. πονᾱθῇ <span class="bibl">Pi.<span class="title">O.</span>6.11</span>: pf. πεπόνημαι <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">Tr.</span>985</span> (anap.), <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Phdr.</span>232a</span> (v. infr. <span class="bibl">1.3</span>): </span><span class="sense"> <span class="bld">I</span> intr., <b class="b2">toil, labour</b>, περὶ λήϊον <span class="bibl">Hdt.2.14</span>; ἐς ἄκαιρα πονεῖν <span class="bibl">Thgn.919</span>; <b class="b3">πόνει μετ' εὐκλείας</b> Anon ap.Stob.3.1.173 = <span class="title">JHS</span>27.63 (Cyzicus, iv/iii B.C.); <b class="b3">ἄλλως, μάτην π</b>., <b class="b2">labour</b> in vain, <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">OT</span>1151</span>, <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">HF</span>501</span>: c.acc., <b class="b3">τὰ μηδὲν ὠφελοῦντα μὴ πόνει μάτην</b> <b class="b2">do</b> not <b class="b2">labour at . .</b>, <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Pr.</span>44</span>; ἀνήνυτα π. <span class="bibl">Pl. <span class="title">R.</span>531a</span>: rarely of things, τίς . . αἶνος ἐπ' ἀνδρὶ θείῳ . . πονήσει; <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Ag.</span> 1550</span> (lyr., dub., leg. <b class="b3">αἶνον</b>). </span><span class="sense"> <span class="bld">2</span> c. acc. cogn., <b class="b3">π. πόνον</b> <b class="b2">go through, suffer</b> toil, <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Pers.</span>682</span>, <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Hec.</span>779</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">Ph.</span>1419</span>, <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Hipp.</span>1369</span> (anap.), <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">R.</span>410b</span>, etc.; περὶ τῶν παθημάτων ὧν νοσέουσί τε καὶ πονέουσι <span class="bibl">Hp. <span class="title">VM</span>2</span>, etc.; ἅμιλλαν ποδοῖν <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">IA</span>212</span> (lyr.); π. πολλά <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Supp.</span>577</span>: with modal words, <b class="b3">π. τινί</b> <b class="b2">suffer in</b> or <b class="b2">by</b> a thing, <span class="bibl">Pi.<span class="title">N.</span>7.36</span>; δίψῃ <span class="bibl">A. <span class="title">Pers.</span>484</span>; ὑπὸ χειμῶνος <span class="bibl">Antipho 2.2.1</span>; τῇ κυήσει <span class="bibl">Arist.<span class="title">HA</span>570b3</span>; <b class="b3">εἰρεσίᾳ</b> Polyaen.l.c.: c.acc. partis, <b class="b3">πεπόνηκα . . τὼ σκέλει</b> mylegs <b class="b2">ache</b>, <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Pax</span>820</span>; <b class="b3">π. τὰς κεφαλάς, τοὺς ὀφθαλμούς, τὰ γόνατα</b>, <b class="b2">have a pain</b> in... <span class="bibl">Arist.<span class="title">HA</span>557a10</span>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Pr.</span>959b21</span>, <span class="bibl">882b25</span>: with modal dat. added, π. πλευρὰν πικρᾷ γλωχῖνι <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">Tr.</span>681</span>: abs., <b class="b2">labour under sickness, suffer</b>, <span class="bibl">Hp.<span class="title">VM</span>8</span>; <b class="b2">suffer damage</b>, ἅπαν ἂν συμπαθὲς ἦν ἑνὸς μορίου πονήσαντος <span class="bibl">Arist.<span class="title">PA</span>690b4</span>; also, <b class="b2">suffer pain</b>, <b class="b3">ἀεὶ π. τὸ ζῷον</b> Anaxag.ap eund.<span class="bibl"><span class="title">EN</span> 1154b7</span>; of an army, <b class="b2">to be hard-pressed, suffer</b>, <span class="bibl">Th.5.73</span>, <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">Cyr.</span>1.4.21</span>, etc.; of ships, <span class="bibl">Th.7.38</span>; of implements, arms, etc., <b class="b2">to be worn out, spoilt</b>, or <b class="b2">damaged</b>, <span class="bibl">D.18.194</span>, <span class="bibl">Plb.3.49.11</span>, <span class="title">Inscr.Délos</span>442 <span class="title">B</span>204, al. (ii B.C.); τὰ σπαρτία ἧττον πονέσει Arist.<span class="title">Mech.</span>l.c.; ῥίζαι πεπονηκυῖαι <span class="bibl">Thphr.<span class="title">HP</span>3.7.1</span>; of buildings, <b class="b2">to be dilapidated</b>, PEnteux.6.3 (iii B.C.), etc. </span><span class="sense"> <span class="bld">3</span> Pass., impers., <b class="b3">οὐκ ἄλλως αὐτοῖς πεπόνηται</b>, = [[πεπονήκασι]], <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Phdr.</span>232a</span>. </span><span class="sense"> <span class="bld">II</span> trans., </span><span class="sense"> <span class="bld">1</span> c.acc. pers., <b class="b2">afflict, distress</b>, <span class="bibl">Pi.<span class="title">P.</span> 4.151</span>, cj. in <span class="title">Anacreont.</span>33.14:—Pass., <b class="b2">to be afflicted</b> or <b class="b2">worn out, suffer greatly</b>, πεπονημένος ὀδύναις <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">Tr.</span>985</span> (anap.); πόλεως πονουμένης τῷ πολέμῳ <span class="bibl">Th.4.59</span>; τόν τε θνῄσκοντα καὶ τὸν πονούμενον <span class="bibl">Id.2.51</span>. </span><span class="sense"> <span class="bld">b</span> Pass., <b class="b2">to be trained</b> or <b class="b2">educated</b>, <b class="b3">δοκεῖ ὁ κατ' ἀλήθειαν πολιτικὸς πεπονῆσθαι περὶ [τὴν ἀρετήν</b>] <span class="bibl">Arist.<span class="title">EN</span>1102a8</span>; πεπονημένην ἔχειν τὴν ἕξιν <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Pol.</span>1335b8</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">Theoc.13.14</span>; <b class="b3">πεπονημένον ὑπό μου</b> though he <b class="b2">owes his training</b> to me, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">PCair.Zen.</span>378.16</span> (iii B.C.). </span><span class="sense"> <span class="bld">2</span> c. acc. rei, <b class="b2">gain by toil</b> or <b class="b2">labour</b>, [<b class="b3">χρήματα</b>] <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">An.</span>7.6.41</span>:—Pass., <b class="b2">to be won</b> or <b class="b2">achieved by toil</b>, καλὸν εἴ τι ποναθῇ <span class="bibl">Pi.<span class="title">O.</span>6.11</span>, cf. <span class="bibl"><span class="title">P.</span>9.93</span>. </span><span class="sense"> <span class="bld">b</span> Pass., of meats, <b class="b2">to be dressed, cooked</b>, <span class="bibl">Ptol.Euerg.9J.</span>, <span class="bibl">Phld.<span class="title">Mort.</span>24</span>; ἄρτος πεπονημένος <b class="b2">specially prepared</b>, <span class="bibl">Sor.1.94</span>.—The rule of <span class="bibl">Choerob. <span class="title">in Theod.</span>2.137</span> H., <span class="bibl"><span class="title">EM</span>130.3</span>, that when <b class="b3">πονέω</b> means <b class="b2">toil</b>, the fut. and aor. are <b class="b3">πονήσω, ἐπόνησα</b>, when <b class="b2">suffer pain</b>, <b class="b3">πονέσω, ἐπόνεσα</b>, is not borne out by the examples (v. supr.).—The fut. Med. <b class="b3">κατα-πονήσομαι</b> is used as trans. by <span class="bibl">D.S.11.15</span>; so aor. Pass. <b class="b3">πονήθη</b> in <span class="title">IG</span>9(1).867.6 (Corc., vii/vi B.C.); and the intr. and trans. senses are united in <span class="title">Anacreont.</span> 33.14 (cj.), 15.</span> | ||
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|ptext=[[https://www.translatum.gr/images/pape/pape-02-0679.png Seite 679]] u. in der ältesten Sprache nur dep. med. πονέομαι (vgl. [[πένομαι]]), 1) <b class="b2">arbeiten</b>; abs., sich anstrengen, sich's sauer werden lassen, Il. 2, 409, körperlich u. geistig, sich bekümmern, wie αὐτὸς μετὰ πρώτοισι πονεῖτο, 9, 12; ὄφελεν πονέεσθαι λισσόμενος, sich als Bittender es sauer werden lassen, sich viel Mühe geben mit Bitten, 10, 117; – mit Präpositionen bestimmt, [[περί]] τι, um Etwas, Il. 24, 444; πεπονέαται περὶ [[τὤγαλμα]], Her. 2, 63; vgl. ὅσαι περὶ ταῦτα πεπόνηνται, Plat. Phil. 58 e; οἱ περὶ λόγον πονούμενοι, S. Emp. adv. phys. 2, 249; πεπόνητο καθ' ἵππους, Il. 15, 447; πονεῖσθαι κατὰ ὑσμίνην, sich's in der Schlacht sauer werden lassen, mit Anstrengung kämpfen, 5, 84. 627 u. sonst; auch ohne Zusatz = μάχεσθαι, Il. 4, 374. 13, 288; – τινί, sich mit Etwas beschäftigen, ὅπλα, τοῖς ἐπονεῖτο, Il. 18, 413 Od. 16, 13; – trans., durch Anstrengung zu Stande dringen, mit Mühe oder Sorgfalt verrichten, betreiben, bewerkstelligen, τύμβον, Il. 23, 245, ὄφρ' ὅγε ταῦτ' ἐπονεῖτο, 18, 380; ὄφρ' ἂν ἐγὼ κατὰ [[δῶμα]] πονήσομαι, ὅττεό με χρή, Od. 22, 377; πολλὰ πονήσατο, Il. 9, 348; πονησάμενος τὰ ἃ ἔργα, Od. 9, 250. 310; ὅπλα ἕκαστα πονησάμενοι κατὰ νῆα, 11, 9, u. öfter; Hes. O. 434; πονεύμενος [[ἕρκος]] ἀλωῆς, Mosch. 4, 100. So auch pass., εἰ καλόν τι ποναθῇ, Pind. Ol. 6, 11; τὸ ἐν ξυνῷ πεποναμένον εὖ, P. 9, 93; aber [[κεῖμαι]] πεπονημένος ἀλλήκτοις ὀδύναις ist = erschöpft, Soph. Trach. 981; τὰ μηδὲν ὠφελοῦντα μὴ πόνει [[μάτην]], Aesch. Prom. 44. So auch im act., οὓς εἰκὸς πονεῖν τάδε, Soph. O. C. 343; oft τινί, für Einen, vgl. Ai. 1345. 1359. 1394; [[οὐκοῦν]] πονεῖν με χρή· πονοῦντα δ' ἄξιον μισθὸν φέρεσθαι, Eur. Rhes. 161; ἅμιλλαν ἐπόνει ποδοῖν, I. A. 213; ἀνήνυτα πονοῦσι, Plat. Rep. VII, 531 a; οὐκ [[ἄλλως]] αὐτοῖς πεπόνηται, Phaedr. 232 a; ἃ ἂν πονήσωσιν εἰς ἀδυνάτους, Arist. oec. 1, 8; vgl. πονεῖν [[ἡδέως]] εἰς τὰ τοιαῦτα, Xen. Mem. 2, 1, 19; καὶ κινδυνεύειν, Hell. 5, 1, 16; χρήματα, ἃ [[ἡμεῖς]] ἐπονήσαμεν, die wir erarbeitet, erworben haben, An. 7, 6, 41. – 2) im act., τινά, Einem Mühe und Noth, Schmerz machen, οὔ με πονεῖ τεὸν οἶκον [[ταῦτα]] πορσύνοντ' [[ἄγαν]], Pind. P. 4, 151; u. so im pass., πόλεως πονουμένης [[μάλιστα]] τῷ πολέμῳ, Thuc. 4, 59; οἱ πονούμενοι, die Kranken, 2, 51. Auch intrans., <b class="b2">Schmerzempfinden, leiden (in</b> welcher Bdtg fut. πονέσω bei Sp. lautete, B. A. 1411), τᾷ πόνησαν [[Δαναοί]], Pind. N. 7, 36; ὁ πονήσαις, I. 1, 40; beide Bedeutungen scheint Anacr. 33, 15 zu verbinden, εἰ τὸ [[κέντρον]] πονεῖ μελίσσης, πόσον πονοῦσιν, ὅσους βάλλεις, wenn man nicht das zweite auch von den Pfeilen des Eros verstehen will; δίψει πονοῦντες, Aesch. Pers. 476; auch [[τίνα]] [[πόλις]] πονεῖ πόνον, welche Noth leidet sie, 668; πόνους, Soph. Phil. 1405, wie Eur. Or. 1615; von einer Wunde, πονῶν πλευρὰν πικρᾷ γλωχῖνι, Soph. Tr. 667; πονεῖν τὼ σκέλη, Ar. Pax 786; πονεῖν πόνους, Nubb. 1032, wie in Prosa öfter, z. B. Plat. Conv. 208 c Rep. III, 410 b; οἱ τοῦ σώματος πόνοι βίᾳ πονούμενοι, VII, 536 e; πονεῖν ὑπὸ χειμῶνος, Antiph. 2 β 1; οἱ πονήσαντες, absolut, Dem. Lpt. 87; πονησάντων αὐτῷ τῶν σκευῶν ἢ καὶ συντριβέντων ὅλως, von Schiffen im Sturme, 18, 194; und so nennt Pol. πεπονηκότα ὅπλα abgenutzte Waffen, 3, 49, 11, wie πονοῦντα ξύλα, schadhaftes Holz, Plut., vgl. ad princ. inerud. 7: τῶν κενῶν ἀγγείων οὐκ ἂν διαγνοίης τὸ ἀκέραιον καὶ πεπονηκός; a. Sp., wie Luc. πεπονηκέναι αὐτοῖς τὰ σώματα, Merced. cond. 6; [[δίκελλα]] πεπονηκυῖα, Tim. 58; τὰς πεπονηκυίας ναῦς κατεσκεύασε, D. Sic. 13, 47. – Vom Heere, bedrängt werden von den Feinden, leiden, Xen. Cyr. 1, 4, 21; vgl. Thuc. 5, 73, u. öfter; Plut. u. A. | |||
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Revision as of 19:28, 2 August 2017
English (LSJ)
πονέομαι, A in early Greek only Med. πονέομαι, inf. -έεσθαι Il.10.116: impf. ἐπονεῖτο, Ep. πονεῖτο 9.12: fut. πονήσομαι 23.159, Hp.Mul.1.4, later πονέσομαι Luc.Asin.9: aor. ἐπονησάμην, Ep. πονήσατο Il.9.348, (δια-) Pl.Lg.966c, X.Eq.5.10; ἐπονήθην f.l. in E.Hel.1509 (lyr.), (δια-) Isoc.15.267: pf. πεπόνημαι, Ion.3pl.—-έαται Hdt.2.63, Ep.-ήαται Arat.82, Att. -ηνται Pl.Phlb.58e: plpf. πεπόνητο Il.15.447, Ep.3pl. -ήατο A.R.2.263: I abs., work hard, ὡς ἐπονεῖτο Il.2.409; ὄφελεν πονέεσθαι λισσόμενος he ought to suffer toil in praying, 10.117; ὅπλα... τοῖς ἐπονεῖτο with which he did his work, of Hephaestus, 18.413, cf. Od.16.13; περὶ δόρπα . . πονέοντο were busied about their supper, Il.24.444, cf. Hdt.2.63, Pl.Phlb.58e; so πεπόνητο καθ' ἵππους was busy with the horses, of a charioteer, Il.15.447; πονέοντο κατὰ κρατερὴν ὑσμίνην were toiling in the fight, 5.84, etc.; hence πονεῖσθαι alone = μάχεσθαι, 4.374, 13.288; π. τινός to be busy with... Arat.82, cf. 758. 2 suffer from illness, be sick, Th.2.51. II c. acc., work hard at, make or do with pains or care, τύμβον Il.23.245; ταῦτ' ἐπονεῖτο ἰδυίῃσι πραπίδεσσι 18.380; ὅπλα . . πονησάμενοι κατὰ νῆα Od.11.9; πονησάμενος τὰ ἃ ἔργα 9.250, cf. Il.9.348, Hes.Op.432 (sc. ἄροτρα) ; πονεύμενος ἕρκος ἀλωῆς Mosch.4.100; πεπονήατο δαῖτα γέροντι A.R.2.263. B after Hom., the act. form πονέω prevails: fut. πονήσω A.Pr. 344, Pl.R.410b, Hp.Mul.1.2,5; later πονέσω Arist.Mech.856b9, Lyr. Alex.Adesp.37.3, LXXIs.19.10, al., and in codd. of Hp.Aph.4.32: aor. ἐπόνησα, Dor. -ᾱσα, E.Hipp.1369 (anap.), Pl.R.462d, Hp.Acut.46, Theoc.15.80; poet. πόνησα Pi.N.7.36; later ἐπόνεσα LXX 1 Ki.23.21, al., Ph.Bel.58.1, al., Polyaen.3.10.6, etc., and in codd. of Hp.Coac. 489, Morb.1.4,14: pf. πεπόνηκα Ar.Pax820, X.Cyr.4.5.22, Hp.Vict. 2.66; later πεπόνεκα PMich.Zen.104.3 (iii B.C.): plpf. ἐπεπονήκει Th. 7.38:—Pass., aor. ἐπονήθην (ἐξ-) Id.6.31; Dor. subj. πονᾱθῇ Pi.O.6.11: pf. πεπόνημαι S.Tr.985 (anap.), Pl.Phdr.232a (v. infr. 1.3): I intr., toil, labour, περὶ λήϊον Hdt.2.14; ἐς ἄκαιρα πονεῖν Thgn.919; πόνει μετ' εὐκλείας Anon ap.Stob.3.1.173 = JHS27.63 (Cyzicus, iv/iii B.C.); ἄλλως, μάτην π., labour in vain, S.OT1151, E.HF501: c.acc., τὰ μηδὲν ὠφελοῦντα μὴ πόνει μάτην do not labour at . ., A.Pr.44; ἀνήνυτα π. Pl. R.531a: rarely of things, τίς . . αἶνος ἐπ' ἀνδρὶ θείῳ . . πονήσει; A.Ag. 1550 (lyr., dub., leg. αἶνον). 2 c. acc. cogn., π. πόνον go through, suffer toil, Id.Pers.682, E.Hec.779, cf. S.Ph.1419, E.Hipp.1369 (anap.), Pl.R.410b, etc.; περὶ τῶν παθημάτων ὧν νοσέουσί τε καὶ πονέουσι Hp. VM2, etc.; ἅμιλλαν ποδοῖν E.IA212 (lyr.); π. πολλά Id.Supp.577: with modal words, π. τινί suffer in or by a thing, Pi.N.7.36; δίψῃ A. Pers.484; ὑπὸ χειμῶνος Antipho 2.2.1; τῇ κυήσει Arist.HA570b3; εἰρεσίᾳ Polyaen.l.c.: c.acc. partis, πεπόνηκα . . τὼ σκέλει mylegs ache, Ar.Pax820; π. τὰς κεφαλάς, τοὺς ὀφθαλμούς, τὰ γόνατα, have a pain in... Arist.HA557a10, Pr.959b21, 882b25: with modal dat. added, π. πλευρὰν πικρᾷ γλωχῖνι S.Tr.681: abs., labour under sickness, suffer, Hp.VM8; suffer damage, ἅπαν ἂν συμπαθὲς ἦν ἑνὸς μορίου πονήσαντος Arist.PA690b4; also, suffer pain, ἀεὶ π. τὸ ζῷον Anaxag.ap eund.EN 1154b7; of an army, to be hard-pressed, suffer, Th.5.73, X.Cyr.1.4.21, etc.; of ships, Th.7.38; of implements, arms, etc., to be worn out, spoilt, or damaged, D.18.194, Plb.3.49.11, Inscr.Délos442 B204, al. (ii B.C.); τὰ σπαρτία ἧττον πονέσει Arist.Mech.l.c.; ῥίζαι πεπονηκυῖαι Thphr.HP3.7.1; of buildings, to be dilapidated, PEnteux.6.3 (iii B.C.), etc. 3 Pass., impers., οὐκ ἄλλως αὐτοῖς πεπόνηται, = πεπονήκασι, Pl.Phdr.232a. II trans., 1 c.acc. pers., afflict, distress, Pi.P. 4.151, cj. in Anacreont.33.14:—Pass., to be afflicted or worn out, suffer greatly, πεπονημένος ὀδύναις S.Tr.985 (anap.); πόλεως πονουμένης τῷ πολέμῳ Th.4.59; τόν τε θνῄσκοντα καὶ τὸν πονούμενον Id.2.51. b Pass., to be trained or educated, δοκεῖ ὁ κατ' ἀλήθειαν πολιτικὸς πεπονῆσθαι περὶ [τὴν ἀρετήν] Arist.EN1102a8; πεπονημένην ἔχειν τὴν ἕξιν Id.Pol.1335b8, cf. Theoc.13.14; πεπονημένον ὑπό μου though he owes his training to me, PCair.Zen.378.16 (iii B.C.). 2 c. acc. rei, gain by toil or labour, [χρήματα] X.An.7.6.41:—Pass., to be won or achieved by toil, καλὸν εἴ τι ποναθῇ Pi.O.6.11, cf. P.9.93. b Pass., of meats, to be dressed, cooked, Ptol.Euerg.9J., Phld.Mort.24; ἄρτος πεπονημένος specially prepared, Sor.1.94.—The rule of Choerob. in Theod.2.137 H., EM130.3, that when πονέω means toil, the fut. and aor. are πονήσω, ἐπόνησα, when suffer pain, πονέσω, ἐπόνεσα, is not borne out by the examples (v. supr.).—The fut. Med. κατα-πονήσομαι is used as trans. by D.S.11.15; so aor. Pass. πονήθη in IG9(1).867.6 (Corc., vii/vi B.C.); and the intr. and trans. senses are united in Anacreont. 33.14 (cj.), 15.
German (Pape)
[Seite 679] u. in der ältesten Sprache nur dep. med. πονέομαι (vgl. πένομαι), 1) arbeiten; abs., sich anstrengen, sich's sauer werden lassen, Il. 2, 409, körperlich u. geistig, sich bekümmern, wie αὐτὸς μετὰ πρώτοισι πονεῖτο, 9, 12; ὄφελεν πονέεσθαι λισσόμενος, sich als Bittender es sauer werden lassen, sich viel Mühe geben mit Bitten, 10, 117; – mit Präpositionen bestimmt, περί τι, um Etwas, Il. 24, 444; πεπονέαται περὶ τὤγαλμα, Her. 2, 63; vgl. ὅσαι περὶ ταῦτα πεπόνηνται, Plat. Phil. 58 e; οἱ περὶ λόγον πονούμενοι, S. Emp. adv. phys. 2, 249; πεπόνητο καθ' ἵππους, Il. 15, 447; πονεῖσθαι κατὰ ὑσμίνην, sich's in der Schlacht sauer werden lassen, mit Anstrengung kämpfen, 5, 84. 627 u. sonst; auch ohne Zusatz = μάχεσθαι, Il. 4, 374. 13, 288; – τινί, sich mit Etwas beschäftigen, ὅπλα, τοῖς ἐπονεῖτο, Il. 18, 413 Od. 16, 13; – trans., durch Anstrengung zu Stande dringen, mit Mühe oder Sorgfalt verrichten, betreiben, bewerkstelligen, τύμβον, Il. 23, 245, ὄφρ' ὅγε ταῦτ' ἐπονεῖτο, 18, 380; ὄφρ' ἂν ἐγὼ κατὰ δῶμα πονήσομαι, ὅττεό με χρή, Od. 22, 377; πολλὰ πονήσατο, Il. 9, 348; πονησάμενος τὰ ἃ ἔργα, Od. 9, 250. 310; ὅπλα ἕκαστα πονησάμενοι κατὰ νῆα, 11, 9, u. öfter; Hes. O. 434; πονεύμενος ἕρκος ἀλωῆς, Mosch. 4, 100. So auch pass., εἰ καλόν τι ποναθῇ, Pind. Ol. 6, 11; τὸ ἐν ξυνῷ πεποναμένον εὖ, P. 9, 93; aber κεῖμαι πεπονημένος ἀλλήκτοις ὀδύναις ist = erschöpft, Soph. Trach. 981; τὰ μηδὲν ὠφελοῦντα μὴ πόνει μάτην, Aesch. Prom. 44. So auch im act., οὓς εἰκὸς πονεῖν τάδε, Soph. O. C. 343; oft τινί, für Einen, vgl. Ai. 1345. 1359. 1394; οὐκοῦν πονεῖν με χρή· πονοῦντα δ' ἄξιον μισθὸν φέρεσθαι, Eur. Rhes. 161; ἅμιλλαν ἐπόνει ποδοῖν, I. A. 213; ἀνήνυτα πονοῦσι, Plat. Rep. VII, 531 a; οὐκ ἄλλως αὐτοῖς πεπόνηται, Phaedr. 232 a; ἃ ἂν πονήσωσιν εἰς ἀδυνάτους, Arist. oec. 1, 8; vgl. πονεῖν ἡδέως εἰς τὰ τοιαῦτα, Xen. Mem. 2, 1, 19; καὶ κινδυνεύειν, Hell. 5, 1, 16; χρήματα, ἃ ἡμεῖς ἐπονήσαμεν, die wir erarbeitet, erworben haben, An. 7, 6, 41. – 2) im act., τινά, Einem Mühe und Noth, Schmerz machen, οὔ με πονεῖ τεὸν οἶκον ταῦτα πορσύνοντ' ἄγαν, Pind. P. 4, 151; u. so im pass., πόλεως πονουμένης μάλιστα τῷ πολέμῳ, Thuc. 4, 59; οἱ πονούμενοι, die Kranken, 2, 51. Auch intrans., Schmerzempfinden, leiden (in welcher Bdtg fut. πονέσω bei Sp. lautete, B. A. 1411), τᾷ πόνησαν Δαναοί, Pind. N. 7, 36; ὁ πονήσαις, I. 1, 40; beide Bedeutungen scheint Anacr. 33, 15 zu verbinden, εἰ τὸ κέντρον πονεῖ μελίσσης, πόσον πονοῦσιν, ὅσους βάλλεις, wenn man nicht das zweite auch von den Pfeilen des Eros verstehen will; δίψει πονοῦντες, Aesch. Pers. 476; auch τίνα πόλις πονεῖ πόνον, welche Noth leidet sie, 668; πόνους, Soph. Phil. 1405, wie Eur. Or. 1615; von einer Wunde, πονῶν πλευρὰν πικρᾷ γλωχῖνι, Soph. Tr. 667; πονεῖν τὼ σκέλη, Ar. Pax 786; πονεῖν πόνους, Nubb. 1032, wie in Prosa öfter, z. B. Plat. Conv. 208 c Rep. III, 410 b; οἱ τοῦ σώματος πόνοι βίᾳ πονούμενοι, VII, 536 e; πονεῖν ὑπὸ χειμῶνος, Antiph. 2 β 1; οἱ πονήσαντες, absolut, Dem. Lpt. 87; πονησάντων αὐτῷ τῶν σκευῶν ἢ καὶ συντριβέντων ὅλως, von Schiffen im Sturme, 18, 194; und so nennt Pol. πεπονηκότα ὅπλα abgenutzte Waffen, 3, 49, 11, wie πονοῦντα ξύλα, schadhaftes Holz, Plut., vgl. ad princ. inerud. 7: τῶν κενῶν ἀγγείων οὐκ ἂν διαγνοίης τὸ ἀκέραιον καὶ πεπονηκός; a. Sp., wie Luc. πεπονηκέναι αὐτοῖς τὰ σώματα, Merced. cond. 6; δίκελλα πεπονηκυῖα, Tim. 58; τὰς πεπονηκυίας ναῦς κατεσκεύασε, D. Sic. 13, 47. – Vom Heere, bedrängt werden von den Feinden, leiden, Xen. Cyr. 1, 4, 21; vgl. Thuc. 5, 73, u. öfter; Plut. u. A.
