γναθμός: Difference between revisions
τοῖς πράγμασιν γὰρ οὐχὶ θυμοῦσθαι χρεών· μέλει γὰρ αὐτοῖς οὐδέν· ἀλλ' οὑντυγχάνων τὰ πράγματ' ὀρθῶς ἂν τιθῇ, πράξει καλῶς → It does no good to rage at circumstance; events will take their course with no regard for us. But he who makes the best of those events he lights upon will not fare ill.
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|elrutext='''γναθμός:''' ὁ Hom., Eur. = [[γνάθος]] 1. | |elrutext='''γναθμός:''' ὁ Hom., Eur. = [[γνάθος]] 1. | ||
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|etymtx=Grammatical information: m.<br />Meaning: [[jaw]] (Hom.)<br />Other forms: <b class="b3">γνάθος</b> m. (Hp.). Note <b class="b3">γναμφαί</b> H. (acc. to LSJ, but not in Latte)<br />Derivatives: PN of a parasite <b class="b3">Γνάθων</b>, with <b class="b3">Γναθώνειος</b>, <b class="b3">Γναθωνίδης</b>, <b class="b3">Γναθωνάριον</b> (Plu.). Denom. <b class="b3">γναθόω</b> <b class="b2">hit the jaw</b> (Phryn. Com.).<br />Origin: PG [a word of Pre-Greek origin]<br />Etymology: <b class="b3">γναθμός</b> from <b class="b3">γνάθος</b> after <b class="b3">λαιμός</b>, <b class="b3">βρεχμός</b>, <b class="b3">ὀφθαλμός</b>. - Always compared with Lith. <b class="b2">žándas</b> <b class="b2">id.</b>, Latv. [[zuôds]] <b class="b2">chin, sharp side</b>; the Lith. acute was explained from a laryngeal, which is impossible for Greek; it can also have been caused by a following [[d]] (Winter-Kortlandt law). A preform <b class="b2">*gn̥h₂dʰ-</b> would have given <b class="b3">*γναθος</b>, <b class="b2">*gn̥h₂edʰ-</b> <b class="b3">*γαναθος</b>; so a laryngeal is impossible for Greek, nor can <b class="b3">-να-</b> be derived from any other PIE form. (The Lithuanian form, which has a quite different structure, cannot be cognate.) The form must therefore be non-IE, i.e. Pre-Greek. Further connection with <b class="b3">γένυς</b> is improbable, as this is IE. Macedonian <b class="b3">κάναδοι σιαγόνες</b>, <b class="b3">γνάθοι</b> H. has also often been compared; this may well be cognate, as a Pre-Greek form; does it stand for <b class="b3">*κναδοι</b>? (with epenthesis? for which see Fur. 378); it has also been connected with <b class="b3">κνώδων</b>, <b class="b3">κνώδαλον</b>. | |||
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Revision as of 23:45, 2 January 2019
English (LSJ)
ὁ,
A jaw, poet. form of sq., Il.17.617, al.: also in pl., Od. 18.29; γναθμοῖς ἀδήλοις φαρμάκων E.Med.1201; for ἀλλοτρίοις γναθμοῖσι γελᾶν, v. ἀλλότριος; also γναθμόν· τομώτατον καὶ αἱρετικώτατον, Hsch.
Greek (Liddell-Scott)
γναθμός: ὁ, ἡ σιαγών· ποιητ. τύπος τοῦ γνάθος, Ὅμ.· ὡσαύτως κατὰ πληθ., Ὀδ. Σ. 29· γναθμοῖς ἀδήλοις φαρμάκων Εὐρ. Μηδ. 1201· περὶ τοῦ ἀλλοτρίοις γναθμοῖσι γελᾶν, ἴδε ἐν λ. ἀλλότριος.
French (Bailly abrégé)
οῦ (ὁ) :
mâchoire (poét. c. γνάθος).
English (Autenrieth)
jaw, cheek; for Od. 20.347, see ἀλλότριος.
Spanish (DGE)
-οῦ, ὁ
1 mandíbula τὸν βάλ' ὑπὸ γναθμοῖο καὶ οὔατος Il.13.671, παραστὰς γναθμὸν δεξιτερόν Il.16.405, en plu. γναθμοὶ δὲ τάνυσθεν Od.16.175, πάντας ὀδόντας γναθμῶν ἐξελάσαιμι Od.18.29
•fig. οἱ δ' ἤδη γναθμοῖσι γελώων ἀλλοτρίοισιν reían ya con mandíbulas ajenas, e.e. con risa forzada, Od.20.347.
2 el mandíbulas n. dado por los pescadores al esturión, Euthydemus SHell.455.
Greek Monolingual
γναθμός, ο (Α)
σαγόνι.
[ΕΤΥΜΟΛ. Πρόκειται για παράλληλο τ. του γνάθος και απαντά στην ποίηση. Ανάγεται σε IE gon∂dh- < ĝenu- «πιγούνι» + επίθημα -μος, πιθ. αναλογικά προς τα λαιμός, βρεχμός, οφθαλμός].
Greek Monotonic
γναθμός: ὁ, σαγόνι, ποιητ. τύπος του γνάθος, σε Όμηρ.· επίσης στον πληθ., σε Ομήρ. Οδ.· μεταφ., γναθμοὶ φαρμάκων, το «δάγκωμα» του δηλητηρίου, σε Ευρ.· για το ἀλλοτρίοις γναθμοῖσι γελᾶν, βλ. ἀλλότριος.
Russian (Dvoretsky)
γναθμός: ὁ Hom., Eur. = γνάθος 1.
Frisk Etymological English
Grammatical information: m.
Meaning: jaw (Hom.)
Other forms: γνάθος m. (Hp.). Note γναμφαί H. (acc. to LSJ, but not in Latte)
Derivatives: PN of a parasite Γνάθων, with Γναθώνειος, Γναθωνίδης, Γναθωνάριον (Plu.). Denom. γναθόω hit the jaw (Phryn. Com.).
Origin: PG [a word of Pre-Greek origin]
Etymology: γναθμός from γνάθος after λαιμός, βρεχμός, ὀφθαλμός. - Always compared with Lith. žándas id., Latv. zuôds chin, sharp side; the Lith. acute was explained from a laryngeal, which is impossible for Greek; it can also have been caused by a following d (Winter-Kortlandt law). A preform *gn̥h₂dʰ- would have given *γναθος, *gn̥h₂edʰ- *γαναθος; so a laryngeal is impossible for Greek, nor can -να- be derived from any other PIE form. (The Lithuanian form, which has a quite different structure, cannot be cognate.) The form must therefore be non-IE, i.e. Pre-Greek. Further connection with γένυς is improbable, as this is IE. Macedonian κάναδοι σιαγόνες, γνάθοι H. has also often been compared; this may well be cognate, as a Pre-Greek form; does it stand for *κναδοι? (with epenthesis? for which see Fur. 378); it has also been connected with κνώδων, κνώδαλον.
