χαλινός: Difference between revisions
Νοεῖν γάρ ἐστι κρεῖττον καὶ σιγὴν ἔχειν → Bene iudicare maius est silentio → Klar denken ist ja besser und verschwiegen sein
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|Definition=(Aeol. χάλιννος prob. in <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Et.Gud.</span>561.5</span>), ὁ, heterocl. pl. <span class="sense"><p> <span class="bld">A</span> χαλινά <span class="bibl">A.R.4.1607</span>, <span class="bibl">Opp.<span class="title">H.</span>1.191</span>, Plu.2.613c, <span class="bibl">Sor.1.100</span>, etc.:—<b class="b2">bit</b>, once in Hom., ἐν δὲ χαλινοὺς γαμφηλῇς ἔβαλον <span class="bibl">Il.19.393</span>; χαλινὸν ἐμβαλεῖν γνάθοις <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Alc.</span>492</span>; χ. ἐξαιρεῖται <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">Eq.</span>3.2</span>; of the horse, <b class="b3">χ. οὐκ ἐπίσταται φέρειν</b> (metaph. of Cassandra) <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Ag.</span>1066</span>; <b class="b3">χ. δέχεσθαι, λαμβάνειν</b>, <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">Eq.</span>3.2</span>, <span class="bibl">6.10</span>; <b class="b3">λαβεῖν, ἔχειν</b>, <span class="bibl">Arist.<span class="title">Rh.</span>1393b16</span>, <span class="bibl">21</span>; <b class="b3">τὸν χ. ἐνδακεῖν</b> champ the <b class="b2">bit</b>, <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Phdr.</span>254d</span>; of the rider, <b class="b3">δοτέον τὸν χ</b>. one must give a horse the <b class="b2">rein</b>, <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">Eq.</span>10.12</span>; <b class="b3">ὀπίσω σπάσαι, ξυνέχειν ἀνάγκῃ</b>, <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Phdr.</span>254e</span>, <span class="bibl">Luc.<span class="title">DDeor.</span>25.1</span>; [χ.] εἰς ἄκρον τὸ στόμα καθιέμενος <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">Eq.</span>6.9</span>.—Expld. of the <b class="b2">bit</b>, opp. reins (ἡνίαι), by <span class="bibl">Poll.1.148</span>; so ἡνίας τε . . καὶ χ. <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">R.</span>601c</span>; χ. τινα χαλκεῖ ἐκδιδόντα σκευάσαι <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Prm.</span>127a</span>; κατὰ [τὸν κυνόδοντα] ἐμβάλλεται ὁ χ. <span class="bibl">Arist. <span class="title">HA</span>576b18</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Th.</span>123</span> (lyr.), <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">OC</span>1067</span> (lyr.); but distd. fr. <b class="b3">στόμιον</b> by <span class="bibl">Hdt.1.215</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Th.</span>207</span> (lyr.), <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">Eq.</span>6.9</span>, <span class="bibl">10.9</span>, etc.; and may be used generally for <b class="b2">bit and bridle</b>, <span class="bibl">Hdt.3.118</span>, <span class="bibl">4.64</span>, <span class="title">IG</span>12.374.176, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">PCair.Zen.</span>659.11</span> (iii B. C.). </span><span class="sense"> <span class="bld">2</span> metaph., of <b class="b2">anything which curbs, restrains</b>, or <b class="b2">compels</b>, <b class="b3">Ἀργοῦς χ</b>., of an anchor, <span class="bibl">Pi.<span class="title">P.</span>4.25</span>; <b class="b3">χ. λινόδετοι</b>, = [[χαλινωτήρια]], <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">IT</span>1043</span>; <b class="b3">παρθενίας χ. λύειν</b>, of the virgin zone, <span class="bibl">Pi.<span class="title">I.</span>8(7).48</span>; <b class="b3">χαλινοῖς ἐν πετρίνοισιν</b>, of Prometheus' bonds, <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Pr.</span>562</span> (anap.); <b class="b3">Διὸς χ</b>., of the will of Zeus, ib.<span class="bibl">672</span>; <b class="b3">χαλινῶν ἀναύδῳ μένει</b>, of forcible constraint, <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Ag.</span>238</span> (lyr.); <b class="b3">πολλῶν χαλινῶν ἔργον οἰάκων θ' ἅμα</b>, i.e. it requires much skill and force to guide, <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">Fr.</span>869</span>; <b class="b3">τῷ δήμῳ χ. ἐμβαλεῖν ὕβρεως</b> <b class="b2">a bridle to curb</b> their violence, <span class="bibl">Plu.<span class="title">Comp.Per.Fab.</span>1</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">Luc.<span class="title">Herm.</span>82</span>; τῆς γλώττης τὰ χ. Plu.2.613c; ἐπέστω τῷ στόματι χ. <span class="bibl">Lib.<span class="title">Ep.</span>315.4</span>; χ. οὐδεὶς ὀμμάτων <span class="bibl">Philostr. <span class="title">VA</span>6.11</span>. </span><span class="sense"> <span class="bld">II</span> generally, <b class="b2">strap, thong</b>, <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Cyc.</span>461</span> (dual). </span><span class="sense"> <span class="bld">III</span> part of the <b class="b2">tackle of a ship</b>, IG22.1610.11,14. </span><span class="sense"> <span class="bld">IV</span> <b class="b2">corner of the</b> horse's <b class="b2">mouth</b>, where the bit rests, <span class="bibl">Poll.2.90</span> (pl.); of the human mouth, <span class="bibl">Nic.<span class="title">Al.</span>117</span>,<span class="bibl">223</span>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">PUniv.Giss.</span>44.7</span>, (ii/i B. C.), Heliod. ap.Orib <span class="bibl">48.31.4</span>, <span class="bibl">Sor.1.100</span>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">PSI</span>9.1016.25</span> (ii B. C.), <span class="bibl">Aret.<span class="title">SA</span>1.9</span>, Cael.Aur.<span class="title">TP</span>1.4, <span class="bibl">Aët.8.27</span>; but, = [[ἡ σύνδεσις τῶν γνάθων]], <span class="bibl">Ruf.<span class="title">Onom.</span> 53</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">Aët.8.40</span>. </span><span class="sense"> <span class="bld">2</span> <b class="b2">fangs of serpents</b>, from their shape and position in the mouth, <span class="bibl">Nic.<span class="title">Th.</span>234</span>.</span> | |Definition=(Aeol. χάλιννος prob. in <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Et.Gud.</span>561.5</span>), ὁ, heterocl. pl. <span class="sense"><p> <span class="bld">A</span> χαλινά <span class="bibl">A.R.4.1607</span>, <span class="bibl">Opp.<span class="title">H.</span>1.191</span>, Plu.2.613c, <span class="bibl">Sor.1.100</span>, etc.:—<b class="b2">bit</b>, once in Hom., ἐν δὲ χαλινοὺς γαμφηλῇς ἔβαλον <span class="bibl">Il.19.393</span>; χαλινὸν ἐμβαλεῖν γνάθοις <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Alc.</span>492</span>; χ. ἐξαιρεῖται <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">Eq.</span>3.2</span>; of the horse, <b class="b3">χ. οὐκ ἐπίσταται φέρειν</b> (metaph. of Cassandra) <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Ag.</span>1066</span>; <b class="b3">χ. δέχεσθαι, λαμβάνειν</b>, <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">Eq.</span>3.2</span>, <span class="bibl">6.10</span>; <b class="b3">λαβεῖν, ἔχειν</b>, <span class="bibl">Arist.<span class="title">Rh.</span>1393b16</span>, <span class="bibl">21</span>; <b class="b3">τὸν χ. ἐνδακεῖν</b> champ the <b class="b2">bit</b>, <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Phdr.</span>254d</span>; of the rider, <b class="b3">δοτέον τὸν χ</b>. one must give a horse the <b class="b2">rein</b>, <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">Eq.</span>10.12</span>; <b class="b3">ὀπίσω σπάσαι, ξυνέχειν ἀνάγκῃ</b>, <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Phdr.</span>254e</span>, <span class="bibl">Luc.<span class="title">DDeor.</span>25.1</span>; [χ.] εἰς ἄκρον τὸ στόμα καθιέμενος <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">Eq.</span>6.9</span>.—Expld. of the <b class="b2">bit</b>, opp. reins (ἡνίαι), by <span class="bibl">Poll.1.148</span>; so ἡνίας τε . . καὶ χ. <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">R.</span>601c</span>; χ. τινα χαλκεῖ ἐκδιδόντα σκευάσαι <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Prm.</span>127a</span>; κατὰ [τὸν κυνόδοντα] ἐμβάλλεται ὁ χ. <span class="bibl">Arist. <span class="title">HA</span>576b18</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Th.</span>123</span> (lyr.), <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">OC</span>1067</span> (lyr.); but distd. fr. <b class="b3">στόμιον</b> by <span class="bibl">Hdt.1.215</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Th.</span>207</span> (lyr.), <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">Eq.</span>6.9</span>, <span class="bibl">10.9</span>, etc.; and may be used generally for <b class="b2">bit and bridle</b>, <span class="bibl">Hdt.3.118</span>, <span class="bibl">4.64</span>, <span class="title">IG</span>12.374.176, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">PCair.Zen.</span>659.11</span> (iii B. C.). </span><span class="sense"> <span class="bld">2</span> metaph., of <b class="b2">anything which curbs, restrains</b>, or <b class="b2">compels</b>, <b class="b3">Ἀργοῦς χ</b>., of an anchor, <span class="bibl">Pi.<span class="title">P.</span>4.25</span>; <b class="b3">χ. λινόδετοι</b>, = [[χαλινωτήρια]], <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">IT</span>1043</span>; <b class="b3">παρθενίας χ. λύειν</b>, of the virgin zone, <span class="bibl">Pi.<span class="title">I.</span>8(7).48</span>; <b class="b3">χαλινοῖς ἐν πετρίνοισιν</b>, of Prometheus' bonds, <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Pr.</span>562</span> (anap.); <b class="b3">Διὸς χ</b>., of the will of Zeus, ib.<span class="bibl">672</span>; <b class="b3">χαλινῶν ἀναύδῳ μένει</b>, of forcible constraint, <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Ag.</span>238</span> (lyr.); <b class="b3">πολλῶν χαλινῶν ἔργον οἰάκων θ' ἅμα</b>, i.e. it requires much skill and force to guide, <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">Fr.</span>869</span>; <b class="b3">τῷ δήμῳ χ. ἐμβαλεῖν ὕβρεως</b> <b class="b2">a bridle to curb</b> their violence, <span class="bibl">Plu.<span class="title">Comp.Per.Fab.</span>1</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">Luc.<span class="title">Herm.</span>82</span>; τῆς γλώττης τὰ χ. Plu.2.613c; ἐπέστω τῷ στόματι χ. <span class="bibl">Lib.<span class="title">Ep.</span>315.4</span>; χ. οὐδεὶς ὀμμάτων <span class="bibl">Philostr. <span class="title">VA</span>6.11</span>. </span><span class="sense"> <span class="bld">II</span> generally, <b class="b2">strap, thong</b>, <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Cyc.</span>461</span> (dual). </span><span class="sense"> <span class="bld">III</span> part of the <b class="b2">tackle of a ship</b>, IG22.1610.11,14. </span><span class="sense"> <span class="bld">IV</span> <b class="b2">corner of the</b> horse's <b class="b2">mouth</b>, where the bit rests, <span class="bibl">Poll.2.90</span> (pl.); of the human mouth, <span class="bibl">Nic.<span class="title">Al.</span>117</span>,<span class="bibl">223</span>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">PUniv.Giss.</span>44.7</span>, (ii/i B. C.), Heliod. ap.Orib <span class="bibl">48.31.4</span>, <span class="bibl">Sor.1.100</span>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">PSI</span>9.1016.25</span> (ii B. C.), <span class="bibl">Aret.<span class="title">SA</span>1.9</span>, Cael.Aur.<span class="title">TP</span>1.4, <span class="bibl">Aët.8.27</span>; but, = [[ἡ σύνδεσις τῶν γνάθων]], <span class="bibl">Ruf.<span class="title">Onom.</span> 53</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">Aët.8.40</span>. </span><span class="sense"> <span class="bld">2</span> <b class="b2">fangs of serpents</b>, from their shape and position in the mouth, <span class="bibl">Nic.<span class="title">Th.</span>234</span>.</span> | ||
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|lstext='''χᾰλῑνός''': ὁ, ἑτερογεν. πληθ. χαλινὰ Ἀπολλ. Ροδ. Δ. 1607, Ὀππ. Ἁλ. 1. 191, Πλούτ., κλπ.· (ἴδε ἐν τέλ.)· ― ὡς καὶ νῦν, κοινῶς «χαλινάρι», Τουρκικ. «γκέμι», ἐν δὲ χαλινοὺς γαμφηλῇς ἔβαλον Ἰλ. Τ. 393 ([[οὐδαμοῦ]] [[ἄλλοθι]] παρ’ Ὁμ.)· χαλινὸν ἐμβαλεῖν γνάθοις Εὐρ. Ἄλκ. 492· χ. ἐξαιρεῖν Ξεν. Ἱππ. 3, 2· ― περὶ τοῦ ἵππου, χ. οὐκ ἐπίσταται φέρειν ([[ἔνθα]] [[εἶναι]] ἐν χρήσει μεταφορικῶς ἐπὶ τῆς Κασσάνδρας), Αἰσχύλ. Ἀγ. 1066· δέχεσθαι, λαμβάνειν Ξεν. Ἱππ. 3, 2., 6, 10· ἔχειν Ἀριστ. Ρητ. 2. 20, 5· χαλινὸν ἐνδακεῖν, Πλάτ. Φαῖδρος 254D· ― ἐπὶ τοῦ ἱππέως, τὸν χ. διδόναι, χαλᾶν, χαλαροῦν τὰς ἡνίας, Ξεν. Ἱππ. 10, 12· [[ὀπίσω]] σπᾶν, συνέχειν Πλάτ. Φαῖδρ. 254Ε, Λουκ. Θεῶν Διάλ. 25. 1· εἰς [[ἄκρον]] τὸ [[στόμα]] καθιέναι Ξεν. Ἱππ. 6, 9· πρβλ. [[χαλαίνω]], [[χαλάω]] Ι. 4. ― Παρὰ [[Πολυδ]]. Α΄, 148· λέγεται ὅτι χαλινὸς [[εἶναι]] τὸ εἰς τὸ [[στόμα]] ἐμβαλλόμενον σιδηροῦν [[μέρος]], κατ’ ἀντίθεσιν πρὸς τὰς ἡνίας, [[οὕτως]], ἡνίας τε... καὶ χ. Πλάτ. Πολ. 601C· κατὰ τὸν κυνόδοντα ἐμβάλλεται ὁ χ. Ἀριστ. περὶ τὰ Ζ. Ἱστ. 6. 22, 13· οὕτω καὶ Αἰσχύλ. Θήβ. 123, Ξεν. Οἰδ. Κολ. 1067· ἀλλὰ παρ’ Ἡροδότῳ 1. 215 ῥητῶς διαστέλλεται τοῦ στομίου, πρβλ. 3. 1 18., 4. 64· οὕτω καὶ ἐν Αἰσχύλου Θήβ. 207, Ξεν. Ἱππ. 6, 9., 10, 9, κτλ.· [[οὕτως]] [[αὐτόθι]] 6, δύναται νὰ ληφθῇ ὡς σημαῖνον τὸ ὅλον τοῦ χαλινοῦ, εἰ καὶ ἡ περιγραφὴ [[κυρίως]] ἀναφέρεται εἰς τὸ [[στόμιον]] [[αὐτοῦ]]. Τὰ διάφορα μέρη σαφῶς ἀπαριθμοῦνται, [[αὐτόθι]] 6, 7. 2) μεταφορ. λέγεται ἐπὶ παντὸς πράγματος τὸ ὁποῖον ἀναχαιτίζει, περιορίζει ἢ ἀναγκάζει, ὡς ἡ ἄγκυρα καλεῖται ναὸς [[χαλινός]], Πινδ. Π. 4. 42· οὕτω, χαλινοὶ λινόδετοι = [[χαλινωτήρια]], Εὐρ. Ι. Τ. 1043· [[παρθενίας]] χ. λύειν, τὴν παρθενικὴν ζώνην, Πινδ. Ι. 8 (7). 95· χαλινοῖς ἐν πετρίνοισι, ἐπὶ τῶν δεσμῶν τοῦ Προμηθέως, Αἰσχύλ. Πρ. 561· Διὸς χ., ἐπὶ τοῦ θελήματος τοῦ [[Διός]], [[αὐτόθι]] 672· χαλινῶν ἀναύδῳ μένει, ἐπὶ βιαίου καταναγκασμοῦ, ὁ αὐτ. ἐν Ἀγ. 238· πολλῶν χαλινῶν [[ἔργον]], δηλ. ἀπαιτεῖται πολὺ [[δεξιότης]] καὶ [[δύναμις]] νὰ ὁδηγήσῃ τις, Σοφ. Ἀποσπ. 712· τῷ δήμῳ ἐμβαλὼν χ. ὕβρεως, [[μέσον]] περιορισμοῦ τῆς αὐθαδείας τοῦ δήμου, Πλουτ. Περικλ. καὶ Φαβ. Μαξ. Σύγκ. 1, πρβλ. Λουκ. Ἑρμότ. 82· χ. τῆς γλώσσης Πλούτ. 2. 613C· τῶν ὀμμάτων Φιλόστρ. 242. ΙΙ. [[καθόλου]], [[ἱμάς]], [[λωρίον]], Εὐρ. Κύκλ. 461. ΙΙΙ. [[μέρος]] τοῦ ὁπλισμοῦ τῶν πλοίων, Ἐπιγρ. παρὰ τῷ Böckh· Seewesen σ. 157 κἑξ. IV. ἐν τῷ πληθ., αἱ γωνίαι τοῦ στόματος τοῦ ἵππου, ἐφ’ ὧν στηρίζεται ὁ [[χαλινός]], [[Πολυδ]]. Β΄, 90· [[οὕτως]] ἐπὶ ἀνθρώπου. Νικ. Ἀλεξιφ. 117, 223, C?el. Aurel. 2) οἱ δηλητηριώδεις ὀδόντες τῶν ἰοβόλων ὄφεων, ὡς ἐκ τῆς θέσεως αὐτῶν ἐν τῷ στόματι, Νικ. Θηρ. 234. (Πρβλ. Σανσκρ. khalînas, khalinas (a bridle-bit)· ἴδε Curt. 564.) | |||
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Revision as of 09:18, 5 August 2017
English (LSJ)
(Aeol. χάλιννος prob. in Et.Gud.561.5), ὁ, heterocl. pl.
A χαλινά A.R.4.1607, Opp.H.1.191, Plu.2.613c, Sor.1.100, etc.:—bit, once in Hom., ἐν δὲ χαλινοὺς γαμφηλῇς ἔβαλον Il.19.393; χαλινὸν ἐμβαλεῖν γνάθοις E.Alc.492; χ. ἐξαιρεῖται X.Eq.3.2; of the horse, χ. οὐκ ἐπίσταται φέρειν (metaph. of Cassandra) A.Ag.1066; χ. δέχεσθαι, λαμβάνειν, X.Eq.3.2, 6.10; λαβεῖν, ἔχειν, Arist.Rh.1393b16, 21; τὸν χ. ἐνδακεῖν champ the bit, Pl.Phdr.254d; of the rider, δοτέον τὸν χ. one must give a horse the rein, X.Eq.10.12; ὀπίσω σπάσαι, ξυνέχειν ἀνάγκῃ, Pl.Phdr.254e, Luc.DDeor.25.1; [χ.] εἰς ἄκρον τὸ στόμα καθιέμενος X.Eq.6.9.—Expld. of the bit, opp. reins (ἡνίαι), by Poll.1.148; so ἡνίας τε . . καὶ χ. Pl.R.601c; χ. τινα χαλκεῖ ἐκδιδόντα σκευάσαι Id.Prm.127a; κατὰ [τὸν κυνόδοντα] ἐμβάλλεται ὁ χ. Arist. HA576b18, cf. A.Th.123 (lyr.), S.OC1067 (lyr.); but distd. fr. στόμιον by Hdt.1.215, cf. A.Th.207 (lyr.), X.Eq.6.9, 10.9, etc.; and may be used generally for bit and bridle, Hdt.3.118, 4.64, IG12.374.176, PCair.Zen.659.11 (iii B. C.). 2 metaph., of anything which curbs, restrains, or compels, Ἀργοῦς χ., of an anchor, Pi.P.4.25; χ. λινόδετοι, = χαλινωτήρια, E.IT1043; παρθενίας χ. λύειν, of the virgin zone, Pi.I.8(7).48; χαλινοῖς ἐν πετρίνοισιν, of Prometheus' bonds, A.Pr.562 (anap.); Διὸς χ., of the will of Zeus, ib.672; χαλινῶν ἀναύδῳ μένει, of forcible constraint, Id.Ag.238 (lyr.); πολλῶν χαλινῶν ἔργον οἰάκων θ' ἅμα, i.e. it requires much skill and force to guide, S.Fr.869; τῷ δήμῳ χ. ἐμβαλεῖν ὕβρεως a bridle to curb their violence, Plu.Comp.Per.Fab.1, cf. Luc.Herm.82; τῆς γλώττης τὰ χ. Plu.2.613c; ἐπέστω τῷ στόματι χ. Lib.Ep.315.4; χ. οὐδεὶς ὀμμάτων Philostr. VA6.11. II generally, strap, thong, E.Cyc.461 (dual). III part of the tackle of a ship, IG22.1610.11,14. IV corner of the horse's mouth, where the bit rests, Poll.2.90 (pl.); of the human mouth, Nic.Al.117,223, PUniv.Giss.44.7, (ii/i B. C.), Heliod. ap.Orib 48.31.4, Sor.1.100, PSI9.1016.25 (ii B. C.), Aret.SA1.9, Cael.Aur.TP1.4, Aët.8.27; but, = ἡ σύνδεσις τῶν γνάθων, Ruf.Onom. 53, cf. Aët.8.40. 2 fangs of serpents, from their shape and position in the mouth, Nic.Th.234.
Greek (Liddell-Scott)
χᾰλῑνός: ὁ, ἑτερογεν. πληθ. χαλινὰ Ἀπολλ. Ροδ. Δ. 1607, Ὀππ. Ἁλ. 1. 191, Πλούτ., κλπ.· (ἴδε ἐν τέλ.)· ― ὡς καὶ νῦν, κοινῶς «χαλινάρι», Τουρκικ. «γκέμι», ἐν δὲ χαλινοὺς γαμφηλῇς ἔβαλον Ἰλ. Τ. 393 (οὐδαμοῦ ἄλλοθι παρ’ Ὁμ.)· χαλινὸν ἐμβαλεῖν γνάθοις Εὐρ. Ἄλκ. 492· χ. ἐξαιρεῖν Ξεν. Ἱππ. 3, 2· ― περὶ τοῦ ἵππου, χ. οὐκ ἐπίσταται φέρειν (ἔνθα εἶναι ἐν χρήσει μεταφορικῶς ἐπὶ τῆς Κασσάνδρας), Αἰσχύλ. Ἀγ. 1066· δέχεσθαι, λαμβάνειν Ξεν. Ἱππ. 3, 2., 6, 10· ἔχειν Ἀριστ. Ρητ. 2. 20, 5· χαλινὸν ἐνδακεῖν, Πλάτ. Φαῖδρος 254D· ― ἐπὶ τοῦ ἱππέως, τὸν χ. διδόναι, χαλᾶν, χαλαροῦν τὰς ἡνίας, Ξεν. Ἱππ. 10, 12· ὀπίσω σπᾶν, συνέχειν Πλάτ. Φαῖδρ. 254Ε, Λουκ. Θεῶν Διάλ. 25. 1· εἰς ἄκρον τὸ στόμα καθιέναι Ξεν. Ἱππ. 6, 9· πρβλ. χαλαίνω, χαλάω Ι. 4. ― Παρὰ Πολυδ. Α΄, 148· λέγεται ὅτι χαλινὸς εἶναι τὸ εἰς τὸ στόμα ἐμβαλλόμενον σιδηροῦν μέρος, κατ’ ἀντίθεσιν πρὸς τὰς ἡνίας, οὕτως, ἡνίας τε... καὶ χ. Πλάτ. Πολ. 601C· κατὰ τὸν κυνόδοντα ἐμβάλλεται ὁ χ. Ἀριστ. περὶ τὰ Ζ. Ἱστ. 6. 22, 13· οὕτω καὶ Αἰσχύλ. Θήβ. 123, Ξεν. Οἰδ. Κολ. 1067· ἀλλὰ παρ’ Ἡροδότῳ 1. 215 ῥητῶς διαστέλλεται τοῦ στομίου, πρβλ. 3. 1 18., 4. 64· οὕτω καὶ ἐν Αἰσχύλου Θήβ. 207, Ξεν. Ἱππ. 6, 9., 10, 9, κτλ.· οὕτως αὐτόθι 6, δύναται νὰ ληφθῇ ὡς σημαῖνον τὸ ὅλον τοῦ χαλινοῦ, εἰ καὶ ἡ περιγραφὴ κυρίως ἀναφέρεται εἰς τὸ στόμιον αὐτοῦ. Τὰ διάφορα μέρη σαφῶς ἀπαριθμοῦνται, αὐτόθι 6, 7. 2) μεταφορ. λέγεται ἐπὶ παντὸς πράγματος τὸ ὁποῖον ἀναχαιτίζει, περιορίζει ἢ ἀναγκάζει, ὡς ἡ ἄγκυρα καλεῖται ναὸς χαλινός, Πινδ. Π. 4. 42· οὕτω, χαλινοὶ λινόδετοι = χαλινωτήρια, Εὐρ. Ι. Τ. 1043· παρθενίας χ. λύειν, τὴν παρθενικὴν ζώνην, Πινδ. Ι. 8 (7). 95· χαλινοῖς ἐν πετρίνοισι, ἐπὶ τῶν δεσμῶν τοῦ Προμηθέως, Αἰσχύλ. Πρ. 561· Διὸς χ., ἐπὶ τοῦ θελήματος τοῦ Διός, αὐτόθι 672· χαλινῶν ἀναύδῳ μένει, ἐπὶ βιαίου καταναγκασμοῦ, ὁ αὐτ. ἐν Ἀγ. 238· πολλῶν χαλινῶν ἔργον, δηλ. ἀπαιτεῖται πολὺ δεξιότης καὶ δύναμις νὰ ὁδηγήσῃ τις, Σοφ. Ἀποσπ. 712· τῷ δήμῳ ἐμβαλὼν χ. ὕβρεως, μέσον περιορισμοῦ τῆς αὐθαδείας τοῦ δήμου, Πλουτ. Περικλ. καὶ Φαβ. Μαξ. Σύγκ. 1, πρβλ. Λουκ. Ἑρμότ. 82· χ. τῆς γλώσσης Πλούτ. 2. 613C· τῶν ὀμμάτων Φιλόστρ. 242. ΙΙ. καθόλου, ἱμάς, λωρίον, Εὐρ. Κύκλ. 461. ΙΙΙ. μέρος τοῦ ὁπλισμοῦ τῶν πλοίων, Ἐπιγρ. παρὰ τῷ Böckh· Seewesen σ. 157 κἑξ. IV. ἐν τῷ πληθ., αἱ γωνίαι τοῦ στόματος τοῦ ἵππου, ἐφ’ ὧν στηρίζεται ὁ χαλινός, Πολυδ. Β΄, 90· οὕτως ἐπὶ ἀνθρώπου. Νικ. Ἀλεξιφ. 117, 223, C?el. Aurel. 2) οἱ δηλητηριώδεις ὀδόντες τῶν ἰοβόλων ὄφεων, ὡς ἐκ τῆς θέσεως αὐτῶν ἐν τῷ στόματι, Νικ. Θηρ. 234. (Πρβλ. Σανσκρ. khalînas, khalinas (a bridle-bit)· ἴδε Curt. 564.)
