succumbo
Κινδυνεύουσι γὰρ ὅσοι τυγχάνουσιν ὀρθῶς ἁπτόμενοι φιλοσοφίας λεληθέναι τοὺς ἄλλους ὅτι οὐδὲν ἄλλο αὐτοὶ ἐπιτηδεύουσιν ἢ ἀποθνῄσκειν τε καὶ τεθνάναι → Actually, the rest of us probably haven't realized that those who manage to pursue philosophy as it should be pursued are practicing nothing else but dying and being dead (Socrates via Plato, Phaedo 64a.5)
Latin > English (Lewis & Short)
suc-cumbo: (subc-), cŭbŭi, cŭbĭtum, 3, v. n.,
I to lay or put one's self under any thing; to fall down, lie, or sink down.
I Lit. (rare; not in Cic.; cf. subsido).
A In gen.: ancipiti succumbens victima ferro, Cat. 64, 370: vidit Cyllenius omnes Succubuisse oculos, had sunk in sleep, i. e. had closed, Ov. M. 1, 714: (Augustus) Nolae succubuit, took to his bed, Suet. Aug. 98 fin.: non succumbentibus causis operis, Plin. 36, 15, 24, § 106; Arn. 6, 16 Hildebr.—
B In partic.
1 Of a woman, to lie down to a man, to cohabit with him (cf. substerno): alicui, Varr. R. R. 2, 10, 9; Cat. 111, 3; Ov. F. 2, 810; Petr. 126; Inscr. Grut. 502, 1; Mart. 13, 64, 1; 14, 201.—
2 With dat., of a woman, to be a rival to: alumnae Tethyos, Hyg. Fab. 177; id. Astr. 2, 1.—
II Trop., to yield, be overcome; to submit, surrender, succumb (the predom. and class. signif.; cf.: cedo, me summitto).
(a) With dat. (so most freq.): philosopho succubuit orator, Cic. de Or. 3, 32, 129: qui Cannensi ruinae non succubuissent, Liv. 23, 25: arrogantiae divitum, Cic. Rep. 1, 32, 48: cur succumbis cedisque fortunae? id. Tusc. 3, 17, 36; id. Sull. 25, 71; cf.: nulli neque homini neque perturbationi animi nec fortunae, id. Off. 1, 20, 66: magno animo et erecto est, nec umquam succumbet inimicis, ne fortunae quidem, id. Deiot. 13, 36: mihi, Nep. Eum. 11, 5: labori, Caes. B. G, 7, 86: oneri, Liv. 6, 32: doloribus, Cic. Fin. 1, 15, 49: senectuti, id. Sen. 11, 37: crimini, id. Planc. 33, 82: magis, Ov. Tr. 4, 10, 103; Sil. 14, 609: culpae, Verg. A. 4, 19; Ov. M. 7, 749: tempori, to yield, Liv. 3, 59, 5: pugnae, id. 22, 54: precibus, Ov. H. 3, 91: voluntati alicujus, App. M. 9, p. 228, 9.—
(b) Absol.: non esse viri debilitari dolore, frangi, succumbere, Cic. Fin. 2, 29, 95: huic (socero) subvenire volt succumbenti jam et oppresso, id. Agr. 2, 26, 69: succubuit famae victa puella metu, Ov. F. 2, 810: hac ille perculsus plagā non succubuit, Nep. Eum. 5, 1: succumbe, virtus, Sen. Herc. Fur. 1315: labefacta mens succubuit, id. Troad. 950; App. M. 5, p. 161, 33. —*
(g) With inf.: nec ipsam perpeti succubuisset, Arn. 1, 38.
Latin > French (Gaffiot 2016)
succumbō,¹⁰ cŭbŭī, cŭbĭtum, ĕre (sub et cumbo, cf. accumbo, etc.) intr.,
1 s’affaisser sous : ferro Catul. 64, 370, tomber sous le fer || s’affaisser, fléchir : Plin. 36, 106 || s’accoupler avec : Varro R. 2, 10, 9 ; Catul. 111, 3 ; Ov. F. 2, 810 || s’aliter : Suet. Aug. 98
2 [fig.] a) succomber, se laisser abattre : Cic. Fin. 2, 95 ; Scauro 16 ; Tusc. 2, 17 ; animo Tusc. 2, 56, avoir le cœur abattu ; b) [avec dat.] succomber à (devant, sous) céder à : crimini Cic. Planc. 82, succomber sous une accusation ; fortunæ, homini Cic. Off. 1, 66, se laisser dominer par la fortune, par une personne ; philosopho succubuit orator Cic. de Or. 3, 129, l’orateur fut vaincu par le philosophe ; senectuti Cic. CM 27, succomber à la vieillesse (sous le poids de la vieillesse) ; c) décad. avec inf. : non succubuisset perpeti... Arn. 1, 38, il ne se serait pas laissé aller à supporter...
