χελώνη: Difference between revisions
Ζωῆς πονηρᾶς θάνατος αἱρετώτερος → Satius mori quam calamitose vivere → Dem schlechten Leben vorzuziehen ist der Tod
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|Transliteration C=cheloni | |Transliteration C=cheloni | ||
|Beta Code=xelw/nh | |Beta Code=xelw/nh | ||
|Definition=ἡ, <span class="sense"><p> <span class="bld">A</span> [[tortoise]], h.Merc.42,48, Orac. ap. <span class="bibl">Hdt.1.47</span>,<span class="bibl">48</span>; <b class="b3">χ. χερσαία</b> (cf. infr.<span class="bibl">2</span>) <span class="bibl">Arist.<span class="title">PA</span>671a28</span>: prov. of insensibility, ἰὼ χελῶναι μακάριαι τοῦ δέρματος <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">V.</span>1292</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">429</span> (lyr.), <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">Fr.</span>279</span>, <span class="bibl">Luc.<span class="title">Vit.Auct.</span>9</span>; of slowness, Plu.2.1082e, <span class="bibl">Lib.<span class="title">Ep.</span>74.1</span>, etc. </span><span class="sense"> <span class="bld">2</span> ποντιὰς χ. [[turtle]], <span class="bibl">Crates Com.29</span>; χ. θαλασσία Arist. l.c., cf. 540a29, <span class="bibl">Ael.<span class="title">VH</span>1.6</span>, <span class="bibl">Paus. 1.44.8</span>. </span><span class="sense"> <span class="bld">II</span> <b class="b2">tortoise-shell</b>, <span class="bibl">Ph.2.478</span>. </span><span class="sense"> <span class="bld">2</span> <b class="b2">sounding-board</b> of lyre, Plu.2.1030b. </span><span class="sense"> <span class="bld">III</span> <b class="b2">pent-house</b> or [[shed]] for protecting beseigers, χ. ξυλίνη <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">HG</span>3.1.7</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">Aen.Tact.32.11</span>; <b class="b3">χ. χωστρίς</b>, used to protect sappers and miners, <span class="bibl">Plb.9.41.1</span>, <span class="bibl">10.31.8</span>, <span class="bibl">Onos.42.3</span>; <b class="b3">κριοφόρος</b>, to cover the battering-ram, <span class="bibl">D.S.20.48</span>, etc., cf. <span class="bibl">App.<span class="title">Mith.</span>31</span>. </span><span class="sense"> <span class="bld">b</span> = Lat. [[testudo]], [[overlapping shields]], <span class="bibl">D.C.49.30</span>. </span><span class="sense"> <span class="bld">2</span> a kind of [[frame]] or [[cradle]], on which heavy weights were moved by means of rollers underneath, Hero <span class="title">Mech.</span> 3.1 (vol. ii p.294 Schmidt). </span><span class="sense"> <span class="bld">3</span> [[footstool]], <span class="bibl">Polem.Hist.44</span>, Hsch., Suid. </span><span class="sense"> <span class="bld">4</span> [[coin]] bearing the impress of a [[tortoise]], first coined at Aegina, <span class="bibl">Poll.9.74</span>, Hsch. </span><span class="sense"> <span class="bld">5</span> pl., [[hillocks]], <span class="bibl">LXX<span class="title">Ho.</span>12.11</span>. </span><span class="sense"> <span class="bld">6</span> | |Definition=ἡ, <span class="sense"><p> <span class="bld">A</span> [[tortoise]], h.Merc.42,48, Orac. ap. <span class="bibl">Hdt.1.47</span>,<span class="bibl">48</span>; <b class="b3">χ. χερσαία</b> (cf. infr.<span class="bibl">2</span>) <span class="bibl">Arist.<span class="title">PA</span>671a28</span>: prov. of insensibility, ἰὼ χελῶναι μακάριαι τοῦ δέρματος <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">V.</span>1292</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">429</span> (lyr.), <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">Fr.</span>279</span>, <span class="bibl">Luc.<span class="title">Vit.Auct.</span>9</span>; of slowness, Plu.2.1082e, <span class="bibl">Lib.<span class="title">Ep.</span>74.1</span>, etc. </span><span class="sense"> <span class="bld">2</span> ποντιὰς χ. [[turtle]], <span class="bibl">Crates Com.29</span>; χ. θαλασσία Arist. l.c., cf. 540a29, <span class="bibl">Ael.<span class="title">VH</span>1.6</span>, <span class="bibl">Paus. 1.44.8</span>. </span><span class="sense"> <span class="bld">II</span> <b class="b2">tortoise-shell</b>, <span class="bibl">Ph.2.478</span>. </span><span class="sense"> <span class="bld">2</span> <b class="b2">sounding-board</b> of lyre, Plu.2.1030b. </span><span class="sense"> <span class="bld">III</span> <b class="b2">pent-house</b> or [[shed]] for protecting beseigers, χ. ξυλίνη <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">HG</span>3.1.7</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">Aen.Tact.32.11</span>; <b class="b3">χ. χωστρίς</b>, used to protect sappers and miners, <span class="bibl">Plb.9.41.1</span>, <span class="bibl">10.31.8</span>, <span class="bibl">Onos.42.3</span>; <b class="b3">κριοφόρος</b>, to cover the battering-ram, <span class="bibl">D.S.20.48</span>, etc., cf. <span class="bibl">App.<span class="title">Mith.</span>31</span>. </span><span class="sense"> <span class="bld">b</span> = Lat. [[testudo]], [[overlapping shields]], <span class="bibl">D.C.49.30</span>. </span><span class="sense"> <span class="bld">2</span> a kind of [[frame]] or [[cradle]], on which heavy weights were moved by means of rollers underneath, Hero <span class="title">Mech.</span> 3.1 (vol. ii p.294 Schmidt). </span><span class="sense"> <span class="bld">3</span> [[footstool]], <span class="bibl">Polem.Hist.44</span>, Hsch., Suid. </span><span class="sense"> <span class="bld">4</span> [[coin]] bearing the impress of a [[tortoise]], first coined at Aegina, <span class="bibl">Poll.9.74</span>, Hsch. </span><span class="sense"> <span class="bld">5</span> pl., [[hillocks]], <span class="bibl">LXX<span class="title">Ho.</span>12.11</span>. </span><span class="sense"> <span class="bld">6</span> [[tomb with arched roof]], <span class="title">JHS</span>10.82 (Patara). </span><span class="sense"> <span class="bld">7</span> a kind of [[bandage]], Heliod. ap. <span class="bibl">Orib.48.66</span> tit., <span class="bibl">Sor.<span class="title">Fasc.</span>56</span>. </span><span class="sense"> <span class="bld">8</span> part of a surgical machine, from its slow uniform motion, <span class="bibl">Orib. 49.4.45</span>. </span><span class="sense"> <span class="bld">9</span> = [[χελώνιον]] <span class="bibl">111</span>, <span class="title">IG</span>11(2).159<span class="title">A</span>26,60 (Delos, iii B. C.).</span> | ||
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Revision as of 14:10, 1 July 2020
English (LSJ)
ἡ,
A tortoise, h.Merc.42,48, Orac. ap. Hdt.1.47,48; χ. χερσαία (cf. infr.2) Arist.PA671a28: prov. of insensibility, ἰὼ χελῶναι μακάριαι τοῦ δέρματος Ar.V.1292, cf. 429 (lyr.), S.Fr.279, Luc.Vit.Auct.9; of slowness, Plu.2.1082e, Lib.Ep.74.1, etc. 2 ποντιὰς χ. turtle, Crates Com.29; χ. θαλασσία Arist. l.c., cf. 540a29, Ael.VH1.6, Paus. 1.44.8. II tortoise-shell, Ph.2.478. 2 sounding-board of lyre, Plu.2.1030b. III pent-house or shed for protecting beseigers, χ. ξυλίνη X.HG3.1.7, cf. Aen.Tact.32.11; χ. χωστρίς, used to protect sappers and miners, Plb.9.41.1, 10.31.8, Onos.42.3; κριοφόρος, to cover the battering-ram, D.S.20.48, etc., cf. App.Mith.31. b = Lat. testudo, overlapping shields, D.C.49.30. 2 a kind of frame or cradle, on which heavy weights were moved by means of rollers underneath, Hero Mech. 3.1 (vol. ii p.294 Schmidt). 3 footstool, Polem.Hist.44, Hsch., Suid. 4 coin bearing the impress of a tortoise, first coined at Aegina, Poll.9.74, Hsch. 5 pl., hillocks, LXXHo.12.11. 6 tomb with arched roof, JHS10.82 (Patara). 7 a kind of bandage, Heliod. ap. Orib.48.66 tit., Sor.Fasc.56. 8 part of a surgical machine, from its slow uniform motion, Orib. 49.4.45. 9 = χελώνιον 111, IG11(2).159A26,60 (Delos, iii B. C.).
German (Pape)
[Seite 1349] ὁ, wie χέλυς, 1) die Schildkröte; H. h. Merc. 42. 48; Her. 1, 47. 48; Ar. Vesp. 429; auch ihre Schaale, Schildpatt, Lob. Phryn. p. 187. – 2) die aus der Schildkrötenschaale gemachte Lyra, Ath. V, 210, u. bes. der gewölbte Schallboden derselben. – 3) ein Schirmdach von zusammengehaltenen Schilden, testudo, dessen sich bes. die Belagerer beim Sturmlaufen bedienten; übh. ein Schirmdach bei Belagerungsmaschinen, z. B. χωστρίς, unter deren Schutz man Gräben zuwarf, Pol. 9, 41, 1; ξυλίνη Xen. Hell. 3, 1,7; κριοφόρος, unter welchem der Mauerbrecher stand, D. Sic. – Uebh. jedes von vier Balken gemachte Gerüst, an welchem die zwei Seitenhölzer des Endes gebogen sind, worauf man eine Last bewegen kann, Sp. – Bei Ath. XIII, 589 b auch Schemel, Fußbank. – Eine peloponnesische Münze, deren Gepräge eine Schildkröte war, Poll. 9, 74.
Greek (Liddell-Scott)
χελώνη: ἡ, ὡς τὸ χέλυς, Ὕμν. Ὁμ. εἰς Ἑρμ. 42, 48, Ἡρόδ. 1. 47, 48· χ. χερσαία (ἴδε κατωτ. 2) Ἀριστ. π. Ζ. Μορ. 3. 9, 1· παροιμ. ἐπὶ τῶν ἀναισθητούντων, χελῶναι μακάριαι τοῦ δέρματος Ἀριστοφ. Σφ. 429, 1292, πρβλ. Σοφ. Ἀποσπ. 278, Λουκ. Βίων Πρᾶσις 9· ἐπὶ βραδύτητος ἐν τῷ κινεῖσθαι, εἰ χελώνην, τὸ τοῦ λόγου, μετόπισθε διώκει Ἀδράστου ταχὺς ἵππος Πλούτ. 2. 1082Ε, κλπ. 2) ποντιὰς χ., χελώνη τῆς θαλάσσης, Κράτης ὁ Κωμικ. ἐν «Σαμίοις» 1· χ. θαλασσία Ἀριστ. π. Ζ. Μορ. 3. 9, 1, πρβλ. Παυσ. 1. 44, 8. ΙΙ. τὸ ὄστρακον τῆς χελώνης, Φίλων 2. 478, πρβλ. Λοβέκ. εἰς Φρύν. 187· ἐντεῦθεν, 2) ὠς τὸ χέλυς, ἡ λύρα, Πλούτ. 2. 1030Β. ΙΙΙ. ἔχει πολλὰς δευτερεύουσας σημασίας, 1) ὡς στρατιωτικὸς ὅρος, ὡς τὸ Ρωμαϊκὸν testudo, ἡ διὰ τῶν συμφραττομένων ἀσπίδων τῶν στρατιωτῶν σχηματιζομένη σκέπη λαμβάνουσα σχῆμα ῥάχεως χελώνης, κατὰ τοῦτον τὸν τρόπον ἐπλησίαζον πρὸς τὰ τείχη πολιορκουμένης πόλεως οἱ ἐφορμῶντες πρὸς αὐτὴν στρατιῶται ὅπως κυριεύσωσιν αὐτὴν ἐξ ἐφόδου, ἐντεῦθεν καὶ ἡ κινητὴ σκέπη ἢ ὀροφὴ ἡ προφυλάττουσα τοὺς ὑπὸ τὰ τείχη ἐργαζομένους πολιορκητάς, χελώνη ξυλίνη, ποιησάμενος αὖ χελώνην ξυλίνην ἐπέστησεν ἐπὶ τῇ φρεατίᾳ Ξεν. Ἑλλ. 3. 1, 7· - συχνάκις μετὰ προσδιορισμῶν ἐπιθετικῶν, χ. χωστρίς, πρὸς ὑπεράσπισιν τῶν σκαπανέων, Πολύβ. 9. 41, 1., 10. 31. 8· κριοφόρος. πρὸς ὑπεράσπισιν τοῦ κριοῦ, Διόδ. 20. 48 κλπ.· πρβλ. γερροχελώνη. 2) εἶδος κατασκευάσματος τετραγώνου, (ἐφ’ οὗ ἐτίθεντο μεγάλα βάρη πρὸς μετακίνησιν) ἔχον κάτωθεν τροχοὺς ἢ κυλίνδρους. Πάππος σ. 489. 3) ὑποπόδιον, Τίμαιος παρ’ Ἀθην. 589Α, Ἡσύχ., Σουΐδ. 4) νόμισμα φέρον τὸν τύπον χελώνης, κατ’ ἀρχὰς μὲν κοπὲν ἐν Αἰγίνῃ, ἀκολούθως δὲ κυκλοφορούμενον καθ’ ἅπασαν τὴν Πελοπόννησον, Ἡσύχ., Πολυδ. Θ΄, 74· πρβλ. καλλιχέλωνος. 5) παρὰ τοῖς Ἑβδ. (Ὠσ. ΙΒ΄, 11) χελῶναι φαίνεται ὅτι εἶναι λοφίσκοι. 6) «καὶ ἡ τρόπις τῆς νεὼς διὰ τὸ ἐπικαμπὲς» Ἡσύχ.
French (Bailly abrégé)
ης (ἡ) :
I. tortue, animal;
II. p. anal. :
1 toit pour abriter les travailleurs et les machines de siège autour d’une place assiégée;
2 écaille de lyre.
Étymologie: DELG cf. sl. zelu « tortue ».
Greek Monolingual
ἡ, ΜΑ
βλ. χελώνα.
Greek Monotonic
χελώνη: ἡ, χελώνα, σε Ομηρ. Ύμν., Ηρόδ.
I. παροιμ., λέγεται για την αναισθησία, ἰὼ χελῶναι μακάριαι τοῦ δέρματος, ω χελώνες ευτυχισμένες στο χοντρό δέρμα σας! σε Αριστοφ.
II. όπως το Ρωμ. testudo, σκεπή που δημιουργείται από ασπίδες που σκεπάζουν η μία την άλλη όπως οι φολίδες στη ράχη της χελώνας, που χρησιμοποιείται ως προστατευτικό μέσο κατά την έφοδο στα τείχη μιας πόλης· έπειτα, γενικά, κινητή οροφή για την προστασία των πολιορκητών, σε Ξεν.
Russian (Dvoretsky)
χελώνη: ἡ
1) черепаха HH, Her., Soph., Arph., Arst., Plut., Luc.;
2) лира Plut.;
3) воен. «черепаха» (лат. testudo), подвижный защитный навес (χ. ξυλίνη Xen.): χ. χωστρίς Polyb. навес для защиты подкопных работ; χ. κριοφόρος Diod. защитный навес с тараном - см. тж. χέλυς.
Middle Liddell
χελώνη, ἡ, [from χέλυς
I. a tortoise, Hhymn., Hdt.; prov. of insensibility, ἰὼ χελῶναι μακάριαι τοῦ δέρματος oh ye tortoises, happy in your thick skins! Ar.
II. like Roman testudo, a pent-house formed of shields overlapping each other like the scales on a tortoise's back, used by storming parties in approaching a city's walls: then, generally, a pent-house for protecting besiegers, Xen.