λάξ: Difference between revisions

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ἀλλὰ σὺ μὲν νῦν στῆθι καὶ ἄμπνυε → but you, stop now and catch your breath | but do thou now stand, and get thy breath

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{{elru
{{elru
|elrutext='''λάξ:''' <b class="num">I</b> adv. пятой, ногой: λ. ([[προσ]])[[βάς]] Hom. наступив ногой; λ. ποδὶ κινήσας Hom. пошевеливая (спящего Диомеда) ногой; λ. πατεῖσθαι Aesch. быть попираемым ногами.<br /><b class="num">II</b> τό indecl. удар ногой или копытом, пинок (εἶχεν ἀεὶ [[τοῦτο]] τὸ λ. Luc.): λ. κινῆσαι πρός τινα Luc. лягнуть кого-л.
|elrutext='''λάξ:''' <b class="num">I</b> adv. пятой, ногой: λ. ([[προσ]])[[βάς]] Hom. наступив ногой; λ. ποδὶ κινήσας Hom. пошевеливая (спящего Диомеда) ногой; λ. πατεῖσθαι Aesch. быть попираемым ногами.<br /><b class="num">II</b> τό indecl. удар ногой или копытом, пинок (εἶχεν ἀεὶ [[τοῦτο]] τὸ λ. Luc.): λ. κινῆσαι πρός τινα Luc. лягнуть кого-л.
}}
{{etym
|etymtx=Grammatical information: adv.<br />Meaning: <b class="b2">with the foot</b> (Il.);<br />Compounds: as 1. member in <b class="b3">λακ-πατέω</b> (for <b class="b3">λαξ-π</b>.; Schwyzer 324) <b class="b2">tread (with the foot), trample underfoot</b> (Pherecr. 136, S. Ant. 1275 as v. l.; cf. <b class="b3">λεω-πάτητος</b> s. <b class="b3">λεῖος</b>); isolated (as sec. backformation) subst. = <b class="b3">λάκτισμα</b> (H.), <b class="b2">sole of the foor</b> (sch. A. R. 2, 106), s. Thierfelder SächsAbh. 43 : 2, 42 A.3.<br />Derivatives: <b class="b3">λάγ-δην</b> = <b class="b3">λάξ</b> (S. Fr. 683, 3). Denomin. verbs. 1. <b class="b3">λακτίζω</b>, also with prefix, e. g. <b class="b3">ἀντι-</b>, <b class="b3">ἐκ-</b>, <b class="b2">kick with the foot, the hoof</b> (Od.); rather after the verbs in <b class="b3">-τίζω</b> as with Schwyzer 620 from <b class="b3">*λακτι</b>; from it <b class="b3">λάκτισμα</b> (A., S.; <b class="b3">λάκτιμα</b> pap., H.; Schwyzer 217, Arbenz 105), (<b class="b3">ἐκ-)λακτισμός</b> (H.) [[treading]], [[pushing]]; <b class="b3">-ιστής</b> <b class="b2">who kicks with the foot</b> (X.), <b class="b3">-ιστική</b>, sc. <b class="b3">τέχνη</b> (in boxing; late). 2. <b class="b3">λάξας</b> = <b class="b3">λακτίσας</b> (Lyc. 137; <b class="b3">λάζειν ἐξυβρίζειν</b> H.) with <b class="b3">λαχμός</b> = <b class="b3">λακτισμός</b> (Antim.); <b class="b3">λάκτις</b> f. [[pounder]] (Call., Nic.; or backformation from <b class="b3">λακτίζω</b>?; on the formation Schwyzer 270).<br />Origin: PG [a word of Pre-Greek origin]X [probably]<br />Etymology: Formed as <b class="b3">πύξ</b>, <b class="b3">γνύξ</b>, <b class="b3">ὀδάξ</b> a. o. (Schwyzer 620, Chantraine Gramm. hom. 1, 250); not certainly explained. Semantically adequate is the connection with Lat. [[calx]] [[heel]]; <b class="b3">λάξ</b> then from <b class="b3">*κλάξ</b> dissimilated? (Schulze BerlSb. 1921, 295 = Kl. Schr. 259; also Specht Glotta 31, 128 n. 1). Diff. Bezzenberger BB 4, 318f.: to Lith. <b class="b2">lakstùs</b> [[fleeting]], [[stormy]], <b class="b2">lekiù</b>, <b class="b2">lẽkti</b> [[fly]], [[run]], to which also (Fick 1, 539, Bechtel Lex. s. <b class="b3">λακτίζω</b>) <b class="b3">ληκᾶν τὸ πρὸς ᾠδην ὀρχεῖσθαι</b> H.; further <b class="b3">ληκῆσαι</b>, <b class="b3">λακῆσαι πατάξαι</b> H. and several expressions for <b class="b2">limbs etc.</b>, e. g. Lat. [[lacertus]] [[upperarm]] (Bq, WP. 2, 420f., Pokorny 673, Fraenkel Wb. s. <b class="b2">lẽkti</b>, Vasmer Russ. et. Wb. s. <b class="b2">letétъ</b>). The last group must anyhow be kept separated for the meaning; also the Lith. words and <b class="b3">ληκᾶν</b> deviate strongly semantically. Remain <b class="b3">ληκῆσαι</b>, <b class="b3">λακῆσαι</b>; the interpretation <b class="b3">πατάξαι</b> can be interpreted in diff. ways. - The word for [[salmon]], OHG [[lahs]] etc., adduced by Paul WuS N. F. 2, 40 ("the swift one, the jumper"), has a palatal <b class="b2">ḱ</b> (Russ. <b class="b2">losósъ</b>) and annot therefore be ombined with Lith. <b class="b2">lakstùs</b>. - No good IE etym; is it Pre-Greek? See on <b class="b3">ὀδάξ</b>.
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Revision as of 03:01, 3 January 2019

Click links below for lookup in third sources:
Full diacritics: λάξ Medium diacritics: λάξ Low diacritics: λαξ Capitals: ΛΑΞ
Transliteration A: láx Transliteration B: lax Transliteration C: lax Beta Code: la/c

English (LSJ)

Adv.

   A with the foot, λ. ἐν στήθεσι βὰς ἐξέσπασε μείλινον ἔγχος Il. 6.65, cf. 16.503; λ. προσβάς 5.620, 16.863; λ. ποδὶ κινήσας 10.158, Od.15.45; λ. ἔνθορεν 17.233; λ. δ' ἐφ' ὁρκίοις ἔβη Archil.Supp.2.13; so later βοῦς μοι ἐπὶ γλώσσης κρατερῷ ποδὶ λ. ἐπιβαίνων Thgn.815; λ. ἐπίβα δήμῳ Id.847; λ. πατεῖσθαι (cf. λάγδην) to be trodden under foot, A.Eu.110, Ch.644 (lyr.); ἀθέῳ ποδὶ λ. ἀτίσαι Id.Eu.542 (lyr.); λ. ἐπορούσας πλῆξε A.R.2.106; παίει τε λ. πύξ Philem.1.6 D.: also in late Prose, Luc.Asin.31, al.:—for the form cf. γνύξ, πύξ, ὀδάξ.

German (Pape)

[Seite 15] mit der Ferse, mit dem Fuße hinten ausschlagend, stoßend, λὰξ ἐν στήθεσι βὰς ἐξέσπασε μείλινον ἔγχος, Il. 6, 65. 16, 503, λὰξ ἔνθορεν, Od. 17, 233, u. milder, λὰξ ποδὶ κινήσας, Il. 10, 157 Od. 15, 44, durch einen Stoß mit dem Fuße; Theogn. 815 u. a. D.; bei B. A. 106 wird λὰξ βῆ ναι, πατῆσαι für attisch erkl.; vgl. noch Aesch. πάντα ταῦτα λὰξ ὁρῶ πατούμενα, Eum. 110, wie Ch. 633; μηδέ νιν ἀθέῳ ποδὶ λὰξ ἀτίσῃς Eum. 513; öfter bei Sp., λὰξ κινεῖν πρός τινα, Luc. Asin. 31; sprichwörtlich πὺξ καὶ λάξ, mit Hand u. Fuß, mit allen Kräften. Viele Alte nahmen es als subst., Hesych. erkl. λάκτισμα, Schol. Ap. Rh. 2, 106 ὁ ὑπὸ τοὺς δακτύλους τοῦ ποδὸς ψόφος (τόπος); aber Ap. Dysc. de adv. 551, 13 verwirft diese Annahme.

Greek (Liddell-Scott)

λάξ: ἐπίρρ. διὰ τοῦ ποδός, «τῷ πλάτει τοῦ ποδός» (Σχόλ.), λὰξ ἐν στήθεσι βὰς ἐξέσπασε μείλινον ἔγχος Ἰλ. Ζ. 65, πρβλ. Π. 503· οὕτω, λὰξ προσβὰς Ε. 620., Π. 863· λὰξ ποδὶ κινήσας, «τῷ πλάτει τοῦ ποδὸς νύξας καὶ διακινήσας, οὐχ ὑβριστικῶς λακτίσας» (Ἡσύχ.), Κ. 158, Ὀδ. Ο. 45· λὰξ ἔνθορεν Ρ. 233· ― οὕτω μετέπειτα, κρατερῷ ποδὶ λ. ἐπιβαίνειν Θέογν. 315· λὰξ ἐπίβα δήμῳ ὁ αὐτ. 847· λὰξ πατεῖσθαι (πρβλ. λάγδην), καταπατεῖσθαι, Αἰσχύλ. Εὐμ. 110, πρβλ. Χο. 644· ἀθέῳ ποδὶ λ. ἀτενίζειν ὁ αὐτ. εἰς Εὐμ. 540· λ. ἐπορούειν, τύπτειν Ἀπολλ. Ρόδ. Β. 106, κτλ.· ὡσαύτως παρὰ μεταγεν. πεζοῖς, Λουκ. π. Ὄν. 41, κ. ἀλλ.· ― περὶ τοῦ τύπου πρβλ. γνύξ, πύξ, ὀδάξ. (Ἐκ τῆς αὐτῆς ῥίζης παράγονται αἱ λέξ. λάγδην, λακ-τίζω, λακπάτητος· ἡ ῥίζα αὕτη φαίνεται ὅτι ἦτο ΚΑΛΚ, πρβλ. Λατ. calx (calc-is), calc-ar, calceus, calc-are, calc-itare· Λιθ. kul-nis (calx)· Ἀρχ. Σκανδιν. hœll).

French (Bailly abrégé)

adv.
avec le pied : λὰξ ἐν στήθεσσι βαίνειν IL poser le pied sur la poitrine (d’un ennemi renversé) ; λὰξ πατεῖν ESCHL fouler aux pieds, mettre le pied sur qqn, piétiner sur lui.
Étymologie: p. *κλάξ, cf. lat. calx.

English (Autenrieth)

adv., with the heel, with ποδί, Il. 10.158 and Od. 15.45.

Greek Monotonic

λάξ: επίρρ., με τα πόδια, με τις κλωτσιές, σε Όμηρ., Αισχύλ.· λὰξ πατεῖσθαι, να καταπατηθείς, να ποδοπατηθείς, σε Αισχύλ.

Russian (Dvoretsky)

λάξ: I adv. пятой, ногой: λ. (προσ)βάς Hom. наступив ногой; λ. ποδὶ κινήσας Hom. пошевеливая (спящего Диомеда) ногой; λ. πατεῖσθαι Aesch. быть попираемым ногами.
II τό indecl. удар ногой или копытом, пинок (εἶχεν ἀεὶ τοῦτο τὸ λ. Luc.): λ. κινῆσαι πρός τινα Luc. лягнуть кого-л.

Frisk Etymological English

Grammatical information: adv.
Meaning: with the foot (Il.);
Compounds: as 1. member in λακ-πατέω (for λαξ-π.; Schwyzer 324) tread (with the foot), trample underfoot (Pherecr. 136, S. Ant. 1275 as v. l.; cf. λεω-πάτητος s. λεῖος); isolated (as sec. backformation) subst. = λάκτισμα (H.), sole of the foor (sch. A. R. 2, 106), s. Thierfelder SächsAbh. 43 : 2, 42 A.3.
Derivatives: λάγ-δην = λάξ (S. Fr. 683, 3). Denomin. verbs. 1. λακτίζω, also with prefix, e. g. ἀντι-, ἐκ-, kick with the foot, the hoof (Od.); rather after the verbs in -τίζω as with Schwyzer 620 from *λακτι; from it λάκτισμα (A., S.; λάκτιμα pap., H.; Schwyzer 217, Arbenz 105), (ἐκ-)λακτισμός (H.) treading, pushing; -ιστής who kicks with the foot (X.), -ιστική, sc. τέχνη (in boxing; late). 2. λάξας = λακτίσας (Lyc. 137; λάζειν ἐξυβρίζειν H.) with λαχμός = λακτισμός (Antim.); λάκτις f. pounder (Call., Nic.; or backformation from λακτίζω?; on the formation Schwyzer 270).
Origin: PG [a word of Pre-Greek origin]X [probably]
Etymology: Formed as πύξ, γνύξ, ὀδάξ a. o. (Schwyzer 620, Chantraine Gramm. hom. 1, 250); not certainly explained. Semantically adequate is the connection with Lat. calx heel; λάξ then from *κλάξ dissimilated? (Schulze BerlSb. 1921, 295 = Kl. Schr. 259; also Specht Glotta 31, 128 n. 1). Diff. Bezzenberger BB 4, 318f.: to Lith. lakstùs fleeting, stormy, lekiù, lẽkti fly, run, to which also (Fick 1, 539, Bechtel Lex. s. λακτίζω) ληκᾶν τὸ πρὸς ᾠδην ὀρχεῖσθαι H.; further ληκῆσαι, λακῆσαι πατάξαι H. and several expressions for limbs etc., e. g. Lat. lacertus upperarm (Bq, WP. 2, 420f., Pokorny 673, Fraenkel Wb. s. lẽkti, Vasmer Russ. et. Wb. s. letétъ). The last group must anyhow be kept separated for the meaning; also the Lith. words and ληκᾶν deviate strongly semantically. Remain ληκῆσαι, λακῆσαι; the interpretation πατάξαι can be interpreted in diff. ways. - The word for salmon, OHG lahs etc., adduced by Paul WuS N. F. 2, 40 ("the swift one, the jumper"), has a palatal (Russ. losósъ) and annot therefore be ombined with Lith. lakstùs. - No good IE etym; is it Pre-Greek? See on ὀδάξ.