Δημήτηρ: Difference between revisions

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Πενίας βαρύτερον οὐδέν ἐστι φορτίονOnus est inopia longe gravius ceteris → Als Armut gibt es keine Last, die schwerer wiegt

Menander, Monostichoi, 450
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{{etym
{{etym
|etymtx=<b class="b3">-τερος</b> and <b class="b3">-τρος<br />Grammatical information: f.<br />Meaning: the Greek mother goddess (Il.). See further Schwyzer 567f., Sommer Nominalkomp. 147,<br />Dialectal forms: Though one might expect the name in Myc., it happens not to be found. <b class="b3">Δαμάτηρ</b> (Dor. etc.), also <b class="b3">Δωμάτηρ</b>, <b class="b3">Δαμμάτερι</b> (Thess.),<br />Derivatives: <b class="b3">Δημήτριος</b> <b class="b2">belonging to D.</b> (A.), also as PN, from which the months name <b class="b3">Δημητριών</b> (Attica); <b class="b3">Δημητρίεια</b> pl. <b class="b2">feast for Demeter</b> (Samos IVa; after <b class="b3">Ἀσκληπίεια</b> a.o.), <b class="b3">Δημήτρια</b> pl. also <b class="b2">feast for Demetrios</b>; <b class="b3">Δημητριασταί</b> N. of the worshippers of Demeter (Ephesos; cf. <b class="b3">Ἀπολλωνιασταί</b> etc.); <b class="b3">Δημητριακός</b> <b class="b2">belonging to Demeter or Demetrios</b> (D. S.); <b class="b3">Δημήτρειοι</b> pl. name of the dead (Plu.). - Denomin. <b class="b3">δαματρίζειν τὸ συνάγειν τὸν Δημητριακὸν καρπόν</b>. <b class="b3">Κύπριοι</b> H. - Short form <b class="b3">Δηώ</b> (h. Cer. etc.) with <b class="b3">Δηῳ̃ος</b> and <b class="b3">Δηωΐνη</b> <b class="b2">daughter of D.</b>.<br />Origin: XX [etym. unknown]<br />Etymology: By Kretschmer Wien. Stud. 24, 523ff., Glotta 17, 240 taken as "Mother Earth", from <b class="b3">δᾶ</b>, a kind of [[Lallwort]], perhaps Pre-Greek [[Earth]], and <b class="b3">μάτηρ</b>. There is however, no indication that [[δᾶ]] (s.v.) means [[earth]] (though it has also been assumed in the name Poseidon). Nach Ehrlich Betonung 62ff. (with Fraenkel Lexis 3, 50ff.), from <b class="b3">*Δασ-μάτηρ</b>, from IE <b class="b2">*dm̥s-</b>, gen. of <b class="b2">*dem-</b> [[house]] (cf. <b class="b3">δεσπότης</b>); rightly rejected by Kretschmer Glotta 6, 294. Pisani IF 53, 28ff. and Georgiev Urgriechen und Illyrier (Sofia 1937) 9ff., 20ff. consider the word, like <b class="b3">Δαμία</b>, <b class="b3">Δμία</b> etc. as Illyrian and compare Alb. [[dhe]] [[earth]] (s. <b class="b3">χθών</b>); rejected by Kretschmer Glotta 27, 31. Acc. to Carnoy Mélanges Bidez 71ff. <b class="b3">Δη-</b> is only a different development of <b class="b3">γῆ</b>. Cf. Fraenkel Glotta 3, 58f. (also on <b class="b3">Δαμία</b>, <b class="b3">Μνία</b>); diff. on these words (to <b class="b3">δόμος</b> etc.) Danielsson Eranos 1, 79f. - Cf. Messap. [[damatura]], prob. name of a goddess (Krahe Sprache der Illyr. 1, 82); the Mess. word must be an adaptation of the Greek name; cf. <b class="b3">Δειπάτυρος</b> s. <b class="b3">Ζεύς</b>). - Heubeck, Praegraeca 75-8 starts from `Phryg.' <b class="b3">Γδαν-μαυα</b>\/<b class="b3">Γδανμαα</b>, and sees in the first element a cognate of Gr. <b class="b3">χθών</b>; he suggests that the form <b class="b3">Δω(μ-</b>) goes back on <b class="b2">*ghdhon-</b>. However, he connects the whole with his Minoan-Minyan hypothesis (a separate IE language), which is unconvincing. - On Demeter Nilsson Gr. Rel. 1, 456ff.
|etymtx=<b class="b3">-τερος</b> and <b class="b3">-τρος<br />Grammatical information: f.<br />Meaning: the Greek mother goddess (Il.). See further Schwyzer 567f., Sommer Nominalkomp. 147,<br />Dialectal forms: Though one might expect the name in Myc., it happens not to be found. <b class="b3">Δαμάτηρ</b> (Dor. etc.), also <b class="b3">Δωμάτηρ</b>, <b class="b3">Δαμμάτερι</b> (Thess.),<br />Derivatives: <b class="b3">Δημήτριος</b> <b class="b2">belonging to D.</b> (A.), also as PN, from which the months name <b class="b3">Δημητριών</b> (Attica); <b class="b3">Δημητρίεια</b> pl. <b class="b2">feast for Demeter</b> (Samos IVa; after <b class="b3">Ἀσκληπίεια</b> a.o.), <b class="b3">Δημήτρια</b> pl. also <b class="b2">feast for Demetrios</b>; <b class="b3">Δημητριασταί</b> N. of the worshippers of Demeter (Ephesos; cf. <b class="b3">Ἀπολλωνιασταί</b> etc.); <b class="b3">Δημητριακός</b> <b class="b2">belonging to Demeter or Demetrios</b> (D. S.); <b class="b3">Δημήτρειοι</b> pl. name of the dead (Plu.). - Denomin. <b class="b3">δαματρίζειν τὸ συνάγειν τὸν Δημητριακὸν καρπόν</b>. <b class="b3">Κύπριοι</b> H. - Short form <b class="b3">Δηώ</b> (h. Cer. etc.) with <b class="b3">Δηῳ̃ος</b> and <b class="b3">Δηωΐνη</b> <b class="b2">daughter of D.</b>.<br />Origin: XX [etym. unknown]<br />Etymology: By Kretschmer Wien. Stud. 24, 523ff., Glotta 17, 240 taken as "Mother Earth", from <b class="b3">δᾶ</b>, a kind of [[Lallwort]], perhaps Pre-Greek [[Earth]], and <b class="b3">μάτηρ</b>. There is however, no indication that [[δᾶ]] (s.v.) means [[earth]] (though it has also been assumed in the name Poseidon). Nach Ehrlich Betonung 62ff. (with Fraenkel Lexis 3, 50ff.), from <b class="b3">*Δασ-μάτηρ</b>, from IE <b class="b2">*dm̥s-</b>, gen. of <b class="b2">*dem-</b> [[house]] (cf. <b class="b3">δεσπότης</b>); rightly rejected by Kretschmer Glotta 6, 294. Pisani IF 53, 28ff. and Georgiev Urgriechen und Illyrier (Sofia 1937) 9ff., 20ff. consider the word, like <b class="b3">Δαμία</b>, <b class="b3">Δμία</b> etc. as Illyrian and compare Alb. [[dhe]] [[earth]] (s. <b class="b3">χθών</b>); rejected by Kretschmer Glotta 27, 31. Acc. to Carnoy Mélanges Bidez 71ff. <b class="b3">Δη-</b> is only a different development of <b class="b3">γῆ</b>. Cf. Fraenkel Glotta 3, 58f. (also on <b class="b3">Δαμία</b>, <b class="b3">Μνία</b>); diff. on these words (to <b class="b3">δόμος</b> etc.) Danielsson Eranos 1, 79f. - Cf. Messap. [[damatura]], prob. name of a goddess (Krahe Sprache der Illyr. 1, 82); the Mess. word must be an adaptation of the Greek name; cf. <b class="b3">Δειπάτυρος</b> s. <b class="b3">Ζεύς</b>). - Heubeck, Praegraeca 75-8 starts from `Phryg.' <b class="b3">Γδαν-μαυα</b>\/<b class="b3">Γδανμαα</b>, and sees in the first element a cognate of Gr. <b class="b3">χθών</b>; he suggests that the form <b class="b3">Δω(μ-</b>) goes back on <b class="b2">*ghdhon-</b>. However, he connects the whole with his Minoan-Minyan hypothesis (a separate IE language), which is unconvincing. - On Demeter Nilsson Gr. Rel. 1, 456ff.
}}
{{mdlsj
|mdlsjtxt=[The Deriv. from δῆ = γῆ, [[quasi]] Γημήτηρ is [[improbable]], v. δᾶ.]<br />[[Demeter]], Lat. [[Ceres]], [[goddess]] of [[agriculture]], [[mother]] of [[Persephone]], Hom.
}}
}}

Revision as of 20:45, 9 January 2019

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Full diacritics: Δημήτηρ Medium diacritics: Δημήτηρ Low diacritics: Δημήτηρ Capitals: ΔΗΜΗΤΗΡ
Transliteration A: Dēmḗtēr Transliteration B: Dēmētēr Transliteration C: Dimitir Beta Code: *dhmh/thr

English (LSJ)

τερος and τρος, ἡ: Dor., Arc., Boeot. Δαμάτηρ; also Δημήτρα Buresch

   A Aus Lydien69: acc. Δημήτραν Epigr. ap. Paus.1.37.2: gen. Δαμάτρας IG7.2793 (Copae); Aeol. Δωμάτηρ Hoffmann Griechische Dialekte 2.153 (Aegae); Thess. dat. Δαμμάτερι IG9(2).1235:—Demeter, Il.2.696, al., once in Od., 5.125, h.Cer., etc.    2 appell., as a name for bread, Opp.H.3.463; cf. ἀκτή, καρπός. (Variously expld. by Gramm. as, = Γημήτηρ, δημομήτηρ, or from δηαί, = κριθαί, cf. EM265.54.)

Greek (Liddell-Scott)

Δημήτηρ: τερος καὶ τρος, ἡ, ὡσαύτως ἀπαντᾷ αἰτιατ. Δήμητραν ὡς ἐξ ὀνομαστικῆς Δήμητρα, Ἐπιγρ. παρὰ Παυσ. 1. 37, 2, καὶ συχνάκις εἰσήχθη ὑπὸ τῶν ἀντιγραφέων ἀντὶ τοῦ Δήμητρα, ἴδε Dobr. παρ’ Ἀριστοφ. Πλ. 64· - ἡ θεὰ Δημήτηρ, Λατ. Ceres, θεότης τῆς γεωργίας καὶ τοῦ ἀγροτικοῦ βίου, μήτηρ τῆς Περσεφόνης· σπανίως ἀναφέρεται ἐν Ἰλιάδι (Β. 696., Ε. 500., Ξ. 326, πρβλ. ἀκτή), ἅπαξ ἐν τῇ Ὀδ. (Ε. 125)· ἡ κυρία πηγὴ τῶν περὶ αὐτῆς μύθων εἶναι οἱ Ὁμ. Ὕμν. εἰς Δήμ.· ἐλατρεύετο δὲ ἰδίως ἐν Ἐλευσῖνι (πρβλ. Ἐλευσίνια). Ἀριστ. Ἀποσπ. 594· καὶ ἐν Ἔννῃ τῆς Σικελίας, ὁ αὐτ. Θαυμασ. 82. 2) προσηγορ. ὡς ὄνομα τοῦ ἄρτου, Ὀππ. Ἁλ. 3. 463· ἴδε ἐν λ. ἀκτή, καρπός. (Κοινῶς ἑρμηνεύεται ὡς παλαιὸς τύπος τοῦ Γῆ μήτηρ, ἀλλ’ ἴδε τὴν λ. δᾶ).

French (Bailly abrégé)

τρος (ἡ) :
voc. Δήμητερ ou Δημῆτερ;
Déméter (lat. Cérès) mère de Perséphone, déesse des laboureurs, protectrice des biens de la terre.
Étymologie: p. *δαμήτηρ, avec δᾶ ancienne forme de γῆ, « la mère de la terre, la terre-mère » DELG.

English (Autenrieth)

Δημήτερος and Δήμητρος: Demēter (Ceres), Il. 14.326, Od. 5.125, Il. 2.696.

Spanish (DGE)

-τρος, ἡ

• Alolema(s): dór., arcad., beoc. Δᾱμάτηρ [-μᾱ-] Lasus 1.1, Pi.O.6.95, I.1.57, B.3.2, E.Ph.685, Call.Cer.57, 40, 49, IKnidos 147.A.20 (II a.C.); tes. Δάμματερ IG 9(2).1235 (Perrebia II d.C.); eol. Δωμάτηρ Hoffmann, Griechischen Dialekte 2.108 (Egas II a.C.); Δήμητρα, -ας h.Cer.tít., Arist.Oec.1349a15, D.S.1.13, 5.4, 68, Apollod.1.1.5, epigr. en Paus.1.37.2, TAM 5.244 (Kula); Δάματρα IG 7.2793 (Copas); v. tb. Δηώ

• Morfología: [ac. sg. Δήμητρα h.Cer.1, Hes.Th.454, dór. Δάματρα Call.Cer.71, IKnidos 147.A.20 (II a.C.); gen. Δημήτερος Il.13.322, h.Cer.439, Hes.Op.32, Nonn.D.1.108, Orph.H.18.12, beoc. Δαμάτρας IG 7.2793 (Copas), dór. Δαμάτερος Pi.I.7.4, Lyr.Alex.Adesp.9.1; dat. Δημήτερι h.Cer.297, Hes.Op.465, Nonn.D.45.101, Orph.L.594, dór. Δαμάτερι Theoc.7.32, tes. Δαμμάτερι IG 9(2).1235 (II d.C.); plu. ac. Δήμητρας Plu.2.744b; dór. gen. Δαματέρων Lindos 183 (III/II a.C.); dór. dat. Δαμάτερσιν Tit.Cam.156a.4 (I a.C.)]
Deméter
I 1mit. hija de Crono y Rea, símbolo de las fuerzas productoras de la naturaleza, diosa de la agricultura, esp. del trigo y los cereales, madre de Perséfone, sus santuarios estaban repartidos por toda Grecia, siendo el principal el de Eleusis Il.5.500, Od.5.125, Hes.Th.454, 912, 969, Op.300, h.Cer.passim, Archil.223, 241, Lasus l.c., A.Fr.300.7, S.OC 1600, Pi.ll.cc., B.l.c., Lyr.Adesp.460.7, 11S., Pl.Cra.404b, Ar.Ra.383, 384, Moschio Trag.6.24, Call.ll.cc., Theoc.10.42, Luc.Salt.40, Icar.27, Orph.H.40.2, 18.12, h.ad Mus.6, Comm.18.9, Apollod.1.5.1, 2, Paus.1.14.2, 1.37.2, 2.5.8, D.S.5.68
plu. Δαμάτερες ref. a Deméter y Core Lindos l.c., Tit.Cam.l.c.
tb. diosas como Deméter Δήμητρας δὲ καὶ Ἀθηνᾶς καὶ Ἀρτέμιδας οὐκ ἔχομεν Plu.2.744b
frec. en giros como Δημήτερος ἀκτή la espiga de Deméter ref. al trigo Il.13.322, 21.76, Hes.Op.32, 597, 805, cf. Hsch.
tb. ref. a la isla de Tasos, rica en trigo, D.P.523
Δήμητρος καρπὸς el fruto de Deméter Hdt.1.193, 4.198, X.HG 6.3.6, πυρὸς Δήμητρος Babr.129.6
Δήμητρος τέμενος de Piraso en Tesalia Il.2.696, Δάματρος κλυτὸν ἄλσος el bosque sagrado de Deméter ref. a Eleusis, Pi.I.1.57, Call.Cer.37
invocada en juramentos μὰ τὴν Δήμητρα Ar.Eq.698, Th.225, Ach.708, D.3.32, 19.262, Men.Pc.505, Dysc.570, μὰ, νὴ τὸν Δία, τὸν Ἀπόλλω καὶ τὴν Δήμητρα D.52.9, Ar.Eq.941, εὔχομαι τῇ Δήμητρι καὶ τῇ Κόρῃ Din.Fr.34
en voc. ὦ Δάματερ para expresar sorpresa, Theopomp.Com.24, Luc.DMeretr.12.4
recibe numerosos epítetos ligados a su actividad: Θεσμοφόρος Hdt.6.91, 134, Paus.10.33.12, Didyma 496A.2 (II d.C.), Καρποφόρος Paus.8.53.7, Didyma 504.12 (III/IV d.C.), Καρποτρόφος Didyma 504.24 (III/IV d.C.), Χθονία Paus.2.35.5, Ἀμφικτυονίς como protectora de la anfictionía, Hdt.7.200, o a los lugares de culto: Ἐλευσινία Hdt.9.57, Paus.8.29.5
por anal. Δ. Αἰγυπτίη la Deméter egipcia ref. a Isis, Hdt.2.59, 122, 156, D.S.1.13, 25, 96, Nonn.D.3.282, cf. Apollod.2.1.3.
2 por meton. Δήμητηρ el trigo Orác. en Hdt.7.141, cf. SHell.1139, Opp.C.1.434
Δήμητρος κόρη la harina Eub.75
Δημήτηρ el pan, la harina Opp.H.3.463, 484
tierra ὁ γὰρ ποταμὸς ... Δήμητρα πομπεύει πολλήν pues el río ... lleva mucha tierra del Nilo durante la crecida, anón. en PMichael.4.8.
II geog. Δήμητρος σκοπιᾶς ἄκρον cabo en la costa occidental del golfo arábigo, Ptol.Geog.4.7.2. • DMic.: da-ma-te (?).

Greek Monotonic

Δημήτηρ: Δωρ., Αρκαδ. και Βοιωτ. Δαμάτηρ, Αιολ. Δωμάτηρ, γεν. -τερος και -τρος, , Δήμητρα, Λατ. Ceres, θεά της γεωργίας, μητέρα της Περσεφόνης, σε Όμηρ. (η προέλ. από δῆ = γῆ, έτσι ώστε Γη-μήτηρ, είναι απίθανη, βλ. δᾶ).

Russian (Dvoretsky)

Δημήτηρ: дор. Δᾱμάτηρ, Δήμητρος (μᾱ) и Δημήτερος ἡ (voc. Δήμητερ и Δημῆτερ) Деметра (отожд. с италийск. Ceres, дочь Кроноса и Реи, сестра Зевса, мать Персефоны, богиня земледелия, ее эпитеты: ἄνασσα «владычица», ἐϋπλόκαμος «прекраснокудрая», ξανθή «златовласая» Hom.): Δημήτερος ἀκτή Hom. и Δήμητρος καρπός Her., Xen., перен. тж. Δημήτηρ Her. = σῖτος; Δάματρος ἄλσος Pind. = Ἐλευσίς.

Frisk Etymological English

-τερος and -τρος
Grammatical information: f.
Meaning: the Greek mother goddess (Il.). See further Schwyzer 567f., Sommer Nominalkomp. 147,
Dialectal forms: Though one might expect the name in Myc., it happens not to be found. Δαμάτηρ (Dor. etc.), also Δωμάτηρ, Δαμμάτερι (Thess.),
Derivatives: Δημήτριος belonging to D. (A.), also as PN, from which the months name Δημητριών (Attica); Δημητρίεια pl. feast for Demeter (Samos IVa; after Ἀσκληπίεια a.o.), Δημήτρια pl. also feast for Demetrios; Δημητριασταί N. of the worshippers of Demeter (Ephesos; cf. Ἀπολλωνιασταί etc.); Δημητριακός belonging to Demeter or Demetrios (D. S.); Δημήτρειοι pl. name of the dead (Plu.). - Denomin. δαματρίζειν τὸ συνάγειν τὸν Δημητριακὸν καρπόν. Κύπριοι H. - Short form Δηώ (h. Cer. etc.) with Δηῳ̃ος and Δηωΐνη daughter of D..
Origin: XX [etym. unknown]
Etymology: By Kretschmer Wien. Stud. 24, 523ff., Glotta 17, 240 taken as "Mother Earth", from δᾶ, a kind of Lallwort, perhaps Pre-Greek Earth, and μάτηρ. There is however, no indication that δᾶ (s.v.) means earth (though it has also been assumed in the name Poseidon). Nach Ehrlich Betonung 62ff. (with Fraenkel Lexis 3, 50ff.), from *Δασ-μάτηρ, from IE *dm̥s-, gen. of *dem- house (cf. δεσπότης); rightly rejected by Kretschmer Glotta 6, 294. Pisani IF 53, 28ff. and Georgiev Urgriechen und Illyrier (Sofia 1937) 9ff., 20ff. consider the word, like Δαμία, Δμία etc. as Illyrian and compare Alb. dhe earth (s. χθών); rejected by Kretschmer Glotta 27, 31. Acc. to Carnoy Mélanges Bidez 71ff. Δη- is only a different development of γῆ. Cf. Fraenkel Glotta 3, 58f. (also on Δαμία, Μνία); diff. on these words (to δόμος etc.) Danielsson Eranos 1, 79f. - Cf. Messap. damatura, prob. name of a goddess (Krahe Sprache der Illyr. 1, 82); the Mess. word must be an adaptation of the Greek name; cf. Δειπάτυρος s. Ζεύς). - Heubeck, Praegraeca 75-8 starts from `Phryg.' Γδαν-μαυα\/Γδανμαα, and sees in the first element a cognate of Gr. χθών; he suggests that the form Δω(μ-) goes back on *ghdhon-. However, he connects the whole with his Minoan-Minyan hypothesis (a separate IE language), which is unconvincing. - On Demeter Nilsson Gr. Rel. 1, 456ff.

Middle Liddell

[The Deriv. from δῆ = γῆ, quasi Γημήτηρ is improbable, v. δᾶ.]
Demeter, Lat. Ceres, goddess of agriculture, mother of Persephone, Hom.